CN111855350A - Soil sample preparation method and device - Google Patents
Soil sample preparation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111855350A CN111855350A CN202010703614.1A CN202010703614A CN111855350A CN 111855350 A CN111855350 A CN 111855350A CN 202010703614 A CN202010703614 A CN 202010703614A CN 111855350 A CN111855350 A CN 111855350A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009475 tablet pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012628 flowing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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Abstract
The application provides a soil sample preparation method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining original soil, and primarily screening the original soil to obtain primarily screened soil; measuring the water content p of the primary screened soil; measuring the primary screening soil particle size r; calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2The grinding speed W is d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating a third time T3＝e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S; drying the prescreened soil at a drying temperature D for a first time T1Obtaining dried soil; grinding the dried soil at a grinding rotating speed W for a second time T2Obtaining ground soil; to pairCollecting ground soil to obtain a first soil sample; tabletting the ground soil at a tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And obtaining a second soil sample. Through the steps, the situation that the soil is not matched with the set grinding, drying and tabletting processes can be avoided, the quality and the efficiency of the soil sample can be improved, and resources can be saved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of soil sample preparation technology, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for preparing a soil sample.
Background
The soil sample preparation refers to the process that the soil sample collects original soil from the outside, and then is subjected to uniform mixing, drying, grinding and sieving.
In a traditional mode, the preparation of a soil sample usually adopts manual preparation and mechanical preparation; the manual preparation of the soil sample has the defects of long treatment period, low preparation efficiency, easy cross contamination of the sample and the like;
for mechanical preparation, soil is usually screened by a filter sieve, heated by a heating device, ground by a grinding device and finally pressed into sheets so as to obtain a soil sample; in this way, in the process of continuously preparing the soil sample, due to the difference of the obtained original soil, namely, the difference of the humidity of different original soil and the particle size of the soil, the drying, grinding and tabletting processes are caused, for example, the drying time, the drying temperature, the grinding time, the tabletting time and the like are not matched with the humidity and the particle size of the soil sample; on the one hand, when drying, grinding, preforming are not sufficient, can cause very big influence to the detection of later stage soil sample, on the other hand is when excessively carrying out drying, grinding and preforming, causes the unnecessary waste of electric resource, has increased the preparation cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art, it is desirable to provide a method and apparatus for preparing a soil sample that can intelligently control the drying time and grinding time during the preparation process.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a soil sample, comprising the steps of:
obtaining original soil, and primarily screening the original soil to obtain primarily screened soil;
measuring the water content p of the primary screened soil;
measuring the particle size r of the primary screened soil;
calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2The grinding speed W is d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating the third time T3 ═ e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area;
right the primary screening soil is dried at a drying temperature D, and the drying time is the first time T1Obtaining dried soil;
grinding the dried soil at a grinding rotating speed W for a second time T2Obtaining ground soil;
collecting the ground soil to obtain a first soil sample;
tabletting the ground soil at a tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And obtaining a second soil sample.
The application provides a soil sample preparation device, which comprises a detection device, a drying device, a ball milling device, a tabletting device, a control module and a processing module;
The detection device includes: humidity sensors, cameras; the humidity sensor is connected with the input end of the control module and used for detecting the water content p of the soil; the camera is connected with the input end of the processing module and is used for shooting soil images; the output end of the processing module is connected with the input end of the control module;
the drying device is connected with the output end of the control module and is used for drying soil; the ball milling device is connected with the output end of the control module and is used for grinding soil; the tabletting device is connected with the output end of the control module and is used for tabletting soil;
the processing module is used for receiving the soil image; acquiring the particle size r of the soil to be detected according to the soil image;
the control module is used for receiving the particle size r and the water content p; calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2(ii) a Grinding speed W ═ d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating the third time T3 ═ e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area; controlling the drying device to dry at a temperature D for a first time T1Drying the soil; controlling the ball milling device to rotate at a milling speed W for a second time T 2Grinding the soil; controlling the tabletting device to perform tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And tabletting the soil.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a screening device; the screening device includes: the device comprises a material conveying hopper, a filter sieve, a vibration motor and a sample box; the vibrating motor is installed on the material conveying hopper, the filter sieve is installed at the bottom of the material conveying hopper, and the sample box is installed below the material conveying hopper, so that soil falls into the sample box through the material conveying hopper and the filter sieve in a vibrating mode.
According to the technical scheme that this application embodiment provided, drying device includes: the drying device comprises an annular conveyor belt, a rotating motor and a plurality of drying bins; the plane of the annular conveyor belt is vertical to the horizontal plane, a plurality of first rotating shafts are mounted on the annular conveyor belt, and the drying bin is fixedly connected with the first rotating shafts; and a heating device is arranged in the drying bin and used for drying and heating the soil in the sample box.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the ball milling device comprises: the grinding rotary table, the grinding bin, the ball milling tank, the grinding balls, the grinding cover and the grinding motor are arranged in the grinding rotary table; a second rotating shaft is arranged at the circle center of the grinding turntable and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the grinding motor; the grinding bins are provided with a plurality of grinding bins which are arranged on one side wall of the grinding turntable close to the outer circumference; the ball milling jar is used for holding soil and grinding balls, the ball milling jar can be placed in grind the storehouse and will through grinding the lid ball milling jar with grind the storehouse joint fixedly.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a collection device; the collecting device comprises: a collection funnel and a collection tank; the collection funnel is installed the collection tank top for collect soil.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the tabletting device comprises: the device comprises a pressing sheet upper seat, a pressing sheet lower seat, a rotary pressing plate, a pressing plate rotating shaft, a scraping plate and a scraping plate rotating shaft; one end of the rotary pressing plate is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other end of the rotary pressing plate is provided with a pressing plate groove, and the rotating shaft is axially connected with a pressing plate motor, so that the rotary pressing plate can rotate to the bottom of the collection funnel or the upper surface of the pressing plate lower seat; the rotary pressing plate is connected with the scraper through a scraper rotating shaft, so that the bottom of the scraper can rotate to the upper surface of the tabletting groove;
the top of the upper pressing sheet seat is connected with a piston rod of a pressing sheet cylinder, so that the upper pressing sheet seat can be pressed down to the upper surface of the pressing sheet groove.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a conveying device; the transfer device includes: the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the third conveying mechanism, the fourth conveying mechanism, the fifth conveying mechanism and the sixth conveying mechanism; the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying the sample box into the drying bin; the second conveying mechanism is used for conveying the soil in the sample box in the drying bin into the ball milling tank; the third conveying mechanism is used for placing the ball milling tank into the grinding bin and moving the grinding cover to clamp and fix the ball milling tank and the grinding bin; the fourth conveying mechanism is used for pouring the soil in the ball milling tank into the collecting hopper; the fifth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank, the sample box and the grinding cover to the cleaning chamber; and the sixth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank, the sample box and the grinding cover in the cleaning chamber into the air shower.
The application has the advantages that: calculating a first time T by measuring the water content p and the particle size r in the prescreened soil and passing through1Drying temperature D and second time T2Grinding speed W and tabletting time T3The tablet pressing pressure N and then the first time T1And drying at a drying temperature D to obtain dried soil, and drying according to a second time T2Grinding at a grinding rotation speed W to obtain ground soil, collecting the ground soil to obtain a first soil detection sample, and carrying out a third time T on the ground soil3Tabletting under the tabletting pressure N to obtain a second soil detection sample;
through the process, the preparation processes of drying, grinding and tabletting matched with the parameters of the specific water content p and the particle size r of different soils can be realized. On one hand, the influence on the later detection of the soil sample due to insufficient drying, grinding and tabletting is avoided; on the other hand, the waste of electrical resources caused by excessive drying, grinding and tabletting is avoided.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a soil sample preparation method provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a soil sample preparation device provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the screening apparatus 36 shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the screening device 36 including the second support 30;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the drying device 37 shown in fig. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the ball milling apparatus 38 shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the polishing cap 15 shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the collecting device 39 and the sheeting device 40 shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the cleaning device 41 shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the first transfer mechanism;
FIG. 11 is a side view of the first transfer mechanism;
reference numbers in the figures:
1. a humidity sensor; 2. a camera; 3. a material conveying hopper; 4. filtering and screening; 5. rotating the pressing plate; 6. a sample cartridge; 7. an endless conveyor belt; 8. a heating device; 9. a drying bin; 10. a first rotating shaft; 11. grinding the turntable; 12. a grinding bin; 13. a ball milling tank; 14. grinding balls; 15. a grinding cap; 16. a rotating shaft; 17. a second rotating shaft; 18. pressing the sheet to an upper seat; 19. pressing sheet lower seats; 20. a tabletting cylinder; 21. a tabletting groove; 22. a collection funnel; 23 a collection tank; 24. a cleaning chamber; 25. a high pressure nozzle; 26. a fan; 27. a scraper blade rotating shaft; 28. an air shower; 29. a first support member; 30. a second support member; 31. lifting the conveyor belt; 32. a first push rod; 33. a vertical slide rail; 34. an annular clamping mechanism; 35. a detection device; 36. a screening device; 37. a drying device; 38. a ball milling device; 39. a collection device; 40. a tabletting device; 41. a cleaning device; 42. a processing module; 43. a control module;
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a soil sample according to the present application, comprising the following steps:
obtaining original soil, and primarily screening the original soil to obtain primarily screened soil;
measuring the water content p of the primary screened soil;
measuring the particle size r of the primary screened soil;
calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2The grinding speed W is d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating the third time T3 ═ e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area;
right the primary screening soil is dried at a drying temperature D, and the drying time is the first time T1Obtaining dried soil;
Grinding the dried soil at a grinding rotating speed W for a second time T2Obtaining ground soil;
collecting the ground soil to obtain a first soil sample;
tabletting the ground soil at a tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And obtaining a second soil sample.
Specifically, a in the above formula1、a2、a3；b1、b2；c1、c2；e1、e2、e3；f1、f2、f3The drying time, the drying temperature, the grinding time, the grinding rotating speed, the tabletting time and the tabletting pressure are respectively matched with the water content p and the soil particle size r according to specific analysis of different systems;
for a clearer description of the methods and principles of the present application, it is preferable to setThe tablet area is 100mm2(ii) a First time T1＝300p2+40p +5, drying temperature D300 p + 120; a second time T25r +10, and 100r2+200r + 800; a third time T30.15/p +2/r + 3, tabletting pressure N ═ 0.3/p +5/r +10 × 100;
s100: obtaining original soil, and primarily screening the original soil to obtain primarily screened soil;
s200: measuring the water content p of the primary screened soil, for example, measuring the water content to be 10%;
s300: measuring the particle size r of the primary screened soil, for example, measuring the particle size to be 1 mm;
S400: calculating a first time T1Drying at 150 deg.c for 12 min; calculating a second time T215min, and the grinding rotation speed W is 1100 r/min; calculating the third time T3 being 6.5min and the tabletting pressure N being 1800N;
s500: drying the primary screened soil at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ for 12min to obtain dried soil;
s600: grinding the dried soil at a grinding rotation speed of 1100r/min for 15min to obtain ground soil;
s700: collecting the ground soil to obtain a first soil sample;
s800: and tabletting the ground soil at 1800N for 6.5min to obtain a second soil sample.
Through the process, the preparation processes of drying, grinding and tabletting matched with the parameters of the specific water content p and the particle size r of different soils can be realized. Specifically, the drying time and the drying temperature which are correspondingly matched with the soil moisture content p and the soil particle size r are visually determined, so that the drying process is more scientific and reasonable; in the same way, the grinding time, the grinding rotating speed, the tabletting time and the tabletting pressure which are correspondingly matched with the grinding device are also determined, so that the grinding and tabletting processes are more scientific and accurate.
On one hand, the method avoids the influence on the later detection of the soil sample due to insufficient drying, grinding and tabletting; on the other hand, the waste of electrical resources caused by excessive drying, grinding and tabletting is avoided.
It is further noted that the first soil sample may be used to collect and store the ground soil for later use; the second soil sample is prepared by tabletting the ground soil and can be used for detecting the soil sample.
Example 2
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a soil sample preparation device provided in the present application, including a detection device 35, a drying device 37, a ball milling device 38, a tablet pressing device 40, a control module 43, and a processing module 42;
the detection device 35 includes: a humidity sensor 1, a camera 2; the humidity sensor 1 is connected with the input end of the control module 43 and is used for detecting the water content p of soil; the camera 2 is connected with the input end of the processing module 42 and is used for shooting soil images; the output end of the processing module 42 is connected with the input end of the control module 43;
the drying device 37 is connected with the output end of the control module 43 and is used for drying soil; the ball milling device 38 is connected with the output end of the control module 43 and is used for milling soil; the tabletting device 40 is connected with the output end of the control module and is used for tabletting soil;
The processing module 42 is configured to receive the soil image; acquiring the particle size r of the soil to be detected according to the soil image;
the control module 43 is configured to receive the particle size r and the water content p; calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2(ii) a Grinding speed W ═ d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating a third time T3＝e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S; controlling the drying device 37 to dry at a drying temperature D for a first time T1To the soilDrying; controlling the ball milling device 38 to rotate at a milling speed W for a second time T2Grinding the soil; controlling the tabletting device 40 to tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And tabletting the soil.
Specifically, a in the above formula1、a2、a3；b1、b2；c1、c2；e1、e2、e3；f1、f2、f3The drying time, the drying temperature, the grinding time, the grinding rotating speed, the tabletting time and the tabletting pressure are respectively matched with the water content p and the soil particle size r according to specific analysis of different systems; for example, a first time T can be set1＝300p2+40p +5, drying temperature D300 p + 120; a second time T25r +10, and 100r2+200r + 800; a third time T30.15/p +2/r + 3, tabletting pressure N ═ f 1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area; the unit of the water content p is%; the unit of the particle size r is mm, and the unit of the tablet area is mm2；
The working principle is as follows: detection device 35 is normal during operation, moisture content p in the soil is detected to humidity transducer 1, and in camera 2 shot soil image and sent to processing module 42, processing module 42 obtained the particle diameter r of soil with received soil image through image processing to in sending particle diameter r and moisture content p to control module 43, control module 43 is through predetermineeing the set parameter value in its inside, and then calculates very first time T1Drying temperature D and second time T2Grinding rotation speed W, third time T3 and tabletting pressure N;
controlling the drying device 37 for a first time T1Drying the soil at a drying temperature D for a drying time, and controlling the ball milling device 38 to dry for a second time T after drying2Grinding the soil at a grinding speed W for a grinding time, and controlling the tabletting device 40 to take the tabletting time as a third time T3Tabletting the soil by using a tabletting pressure N。
Through the device, the preparation processes of drying, grinding and tabletting matched with the parameters of specific water content p and particle size r of different soils can be realized. On one hand, the influence on the later detection of the soil sample due to insufficient drying, grinding and tabletting is avoided; on the other hand, the waste of electrical resources caused by excessive drying, grinding and tabletting is avoided.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the soil sample preparation device, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a screening device 36; the screening device 36 includes: the device comprises a material conveying hopper 3, a filter sieve 4, a vibration motor and a sample box 6; the vibrating motor is installed on the material conveying hopper 3, the filter sieve 4 is installed at the bottom of the material conveying hopper 3, and the sample box 6 is installed below the material conveying hopper 3, so that the soil falls into the sample box 6 through the material conveying hopper 3 and through the filter sieve 4 in a vibrating screening mode.
The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, soil is poured into the material conveying hopper 3, the vibration motor is installed on the material conveying hopper 3, and the filter sieve 4 is installed at the bottom of the material conveying hopper 3, so that the soil is subjected to surface vibration screening by the filter sieve 4, the screened soil enters the sample box 6 through the filter sieve 4, and the soil is screened by the screening device 36, so that the uniformity of the soil particle size is facilitated, and the grinding effect and the grinding efficiency are improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the humidity sensor 1 may be installed at a free end of the first supporting member 29, and when humidity detection is required, the first supporting member 29 may be rotatably inserted into the sample box 6, and the rotation mode may be realized by matching a rotating shaft with a motor.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a second supporting member 30 may be further installed above the sample box 6, a collecting groove 31 is provided at a free end of the second supporting member 30, when the soil falls through the filter sieve 4, a part of the soil falls into the collecting groove 31, and the camera 2 is controlled to shoot the soil image in the collecting groove 31, so that the shooting is facilitated and the shooting effect of the soil image can be effectively improved.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the drying device 37, the drying device 37 comprises: the drying device comprises an annular conveyor belt 7, a rotating motor and a plurality of drying bins 9; the plane of the annular conveyor belt 7 is vertical to the horizontal plane, a plurality of first rotating shafts 10 are mounted on the annular conveyor belt 7, and the drying bin 9 is fixedly connected with the first rotating shafts 10; and a heating device 8 is arranged in the drying bin 9 and used for drying and heating the soil in the sample box 6.
As shown in fig. 5, when the drying device 37 normally works, the sample boxes 6 are sequentially placed into the drying bin 9, and the heating device 8 is arranged in the drying bin 9, so that the soil in the sample boxes 6 can be heated and dried, and meanwhile, under the driving of the rotating motor, the annular conveyor belt 7 rotates along a vertical plane, so that the soil in the sample boxes 6 is uniformly distributed, and the drying effect is improved. Meanwhile, because the annular conveyor belt 7 rotates along a vertical plane, the sample boxes 6 can be sequentially placed into the drying bin 9, the conveying and the drying are synchronously carried out, and the drying efficiency is improved.
In order to prevent the soil in the drying bin 9 from scattering in the rotating process, the drying bin 9 is ensured not to turn over in the rotating process under the action of the gravity of the first rotating shaft 10 and the drying bin 9.
Specifically, the number of the drying bins 9 may be several, that is, one, two or more, and in order to improve the drying efficiency of the drying device 37 and achieve parallel processing of multiple samples, the number of the drying bins 9 may be multiple, for example, 12.
Specifically, the heating device 8 may employ a heating resistor.
In a preferred embodiment of the ball milling apparatus 38, as shown in fig. 6, the ball milling apparatus 38 comprises: the grinding rotary table 11, the grinding bin 12, the ball milling tank 13, grinding balls 14, a grinding cover 15 and a grinding motor; a second rotating shaft 17 is installed at the circle center of the grinding turntable 11, and the second rotating shaft 17 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the grinding motor; the grinding bins 12 are provided with a plurality of grinding bins 12, and the plurality of grinding bins 12 are arranged on one side wall of the grinding turntable 11 close to the outer circumference; the ball milling tank 13 is used for containing soil and grinding balls 14, the ball milling tank 13 can be placed in the grinding bin 12, and the ball milling tank 13 and the grinding bin 12 are clamped and fixed through a grinding cover 15.
When the device works, soil and grinding balls 14 can be placed into the ball milling tank 13, the ball milling tank 13 is placed into the grinding bin 12, and the ball milling tank 13 and the grinding bin 12 are clamped and fixed through the grinding cover 15. After the fixing is finished, the grinding motor drives the grinding turntable 11 to rotate, and soil in the ball milling tank 13 is continuously in contact with grinding balls for grinding under the action of centrifugal force, so that the grinding function is realized. The number of the grinding bins 12 may be several, that is, one, two or more, and in order to improve the grinding efficiency of the grinding device, the number of the grinding bins may be multiple, for example, twelve.
To further explain the principle of the grinding cover 15 for clamping and fixing the ball milling pot 13 and the grinding bin 12, as shown in fig. 7, the grinding cover 15 has a groove structure, the outer side wall of the groove structure can be clamped and connected with the inner wall of the grinding bin 12, and the inner side wall of the groove structure can be clamped and connected with the outer side wall of the ball milling pot 13, so as to clamp and fix the ball milling pot 13 and the grinding bin 12.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the soil sample preparation device, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a collection device 39;
The collecting device 39 comprises: a collection funnel 22 and a collection tank 23; as shown in fig. 8, the collection funnel 22 is installed above the collection tank 23 for collecting soil.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the soil sample preparation device, the sheeting apparatus 40 comprises: as shown in fig. 8, one end of the rotary pressing plate 5 is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft 16, the other end of the rotary pressing plate 5 is provided with a pressing groove 21, and the rotary shaft 16 is axially connected with a pressing plate motor, so that the rotary pressing plate 5 can rotate to the bottom of the collection funnel 22 or the upper surface of the pressing lower seat 19; the rotary pressing plate 5 is connected with the scraper 20 through a scraper rotating shaft 27, so that the bottom of the scraper 20 can rotate to the upper surface of the tabletting groove 21;
the top of the upper tabletting seat 18 is connected with the piston rod of the tabletting cylinder, so that the upper tabletting seat 18 can be pressed down to the upper surface of the tabletting groove 21.
When a soil sample is required to be tested, the rotary pressing plate 5 is driven by a motor to rotate to the position below the collecting funnel 22, the free end of the rotary pressing plate 5 is provided with a pressing groove 21, so that the soil in the collecting funnel 22 falls into the pressing groove 21, the rotary pressing plate 5 rotates to the upper surface of the pressing lower seat 19, the pressing upper seat 18 is driven by the pressing cylinder to press down to the rotary pressing plate 5, and the soil in the pressing groove 21 is compressed under force to form a pressing sample; after the pressing is finished, the tabletting upper seat 18 is lifted, the bottom of the scraper 20 rotates to the upper surface of the tabletting groove 21, the upper surface of the tabletting sample is scraped, and the detection of the tabletting sample at the later stage is facilitated. Specifically, the squeegee 20 may be rotated by a motor drive or the like.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the soil sample preparation device, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a cleaning device; as shown in fig. 9, the cleaning device includes a cleaning chamber 24, an air shower 28, a high pressure nozzle 25, and a blower 26; the high-pressure nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning chamber 24, and the fan 26 is arranged at the top of the air shower; the high-pressure nozzle 25 is used for spraying water flow and/or cleaning agent; the fan 26 is used for blow drying.
In order to improve the efficiency of the soil sample preparation device and avoid cross influence among different samples, the cleaning device is arranged, so that preparation and cleaning can be carried out synchronously, the sample box, the ball milling tank, the grinding cover and the like can be placed into the cleaning chamber 24 when the device works, and the cleaning effect is realized under the action of spraying a cleaning agent and/or water flow through the high-pressure nozzle 25. After cleaning, the mixture is dried by air showering through a fan 26 in an air shower 28, and then can be continuously put into the preparation process.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the integrity of the structure and the improvement of the efficiency, a plurality of air showers can be arranged to respectively perform air blowing treatment.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the soil sample preparation device, the soil sample preparation device further comprises a transport device; the transfer device includes: the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the third conveying mechanism, the fourth conveying mechanism, the fifth conveying mechanism and the sixth conveying mechanism; the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying the sample box 6 into the drying bin 9; the second conveying mechanism is used for conveying the soil in the sample box 6 in the drying bin 9 to the ball milling tank 13; the third conveying mechanism is used for placing the ball milling tank 13 into the grinding bin 12 and moving the grinding cover 15 to clamp and fix the ball milling tank 13 and the grinding bin 12; the fourth conveying mechanism is used for pouring the soil in the ball milling tank 13 into the collecting hopper 22; the fifth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 and the grinding cover 15 to a cleaning chamber 24; the sixth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 and the grinding cover 15 in the cleaning chamber 24 to the air shower 28.
In order to make the structure of the soil sample preparation device more complete and realize the automatic conveying function, the soil sample preparation device also comprises a conveying device; for further describing the transmission relationship, the transmission device can realize the transmission function by the following structures, for example:
the first conveying mechanism can convey the sample boxes 6 to the drying bin 9 through cooperation of a lifting conveyor belt 31 and a first push rod 32 as shown in fig. 10, in the conveying process, the sample boxes 6 below the conveying hopper are horizontally conveyed to a position far away from the conveying hopper 3 through the lifting conveyor belt 31, and then descend through a vertical slide rail on the lifting conveyor belt 31 as shown in fig. 11, and at the moment, the first push rod 32 pushes the sample boxes 6 to enter the drying bin 9.
The second conveying mechanism is used for conveying soil in the sample box 6 in the drying bin 9 to the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 can be horizontally conveyed to the upper part of the ball milling tank 13 through a horizontal conveying belt, then the sample box 6 is poured into the ball milling tank 13 through overturning, and in order to avoid the overturning in the sample box 6 from scattering to the outside of the ball milling tank 13, a baffle plate can be arranged above the ball milling tank 13.
The third conveying mechanism is used for placing the ball milling tank 13 into the grinding bin 12 and moving the grinding cover 15 to fix the ball milling tank 13 and the grinding bin 12 in a clamping manner, the principle of the third conveying mechanism is similar to that of the first conveying mechanism, the ball milling tank 13 can be firstly leveled into the grinding bin 12 through a conveying belt, and the grinding cover 15 is fixed with the ball milling tank 13 and the grinding bin 12 in a clamping manner through a second push rod.
The fourth conveying mechanism is used for pouring soil in the ball milling pot 13 into the collecting funnel 22, the ball milling pot 13 can be clamped and taken out of the grinding bin 12 through the annular clamping mechanism 34, the annular clamping mechanism 34 can be used for separating the ball milling pot 13 from the grinding cover, rotating the ball milling pot 13 to the vertical direction as shown in fig. 8, the annular clamping mechanism 34 slides to the position above the collecting funnel through a sliding rail, and soil is poured into the collecting funnel 22 through overturning.
The fifth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 and the grinding cover 15 to the cleaning chamber 24, the fifth conveying mechanism can convey the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 and the grinding cover 15 to the cleaning chamber 24 through a hanging ring, a conveying belt and a sliding rail, the used ball milling tank 13, the used sample box 6 and the used grinding cover 15 are conveyed to the lower portion of the hanging ring through the conveying belt, and then hung through the hanging ring after passing through the hanging ring and conveyed to the cleaning chamber 24 through the sliding rail above the hanging ring in a sliding mode.
The sixth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank 13, the sample box 6 and the grinding cover 15 in the cleaning chamber 24 to the air shower 28. After the cleaning is completed, the air showers 28 can be respectively conveyed into the air showers in a sliding manner through the sliding rails.
Other workers in the art will recognize that the above structure is preferred for this transfer function, and that other transfer means may be used to achieve the transfer function.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A soil sample preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining original soil, and primarily screening the original soil to obtain primarily screened soil;
Measuring the water content p of the primary screened soil;
measuring the particle size r of the primary screened soil;
calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2The grinding speed W is d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating a third time T3＝e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area;
right the primary screening soil is dried at a drying temperature D, and the drying time is the first time T1Obtaining dried soil;
grinding the dried soil at a grinding rotating speed W for a second time T2Obtaining ground soil;
collecting the ground soil to obtain a first soil sample;
tabletting the ground soil at a tabletting pressure N for a third time T3And obtaining a second soil sample.
2. A soil sample preparation device which characterized in that: comprises a detection device (35), a drying device (37), a ball milling device (38), a tabletting device (40), a control module (43) and a processing module (42);
the detection device (35) comprises: a humidity sensor (1) and a camera (2); the humidity sensor (1) is connected with the input end of the control module (43) and is used for detecting the water content p of soil; the camera (2) is connected with the input end of the processing module (42) and is used for shooting soil images; the output end of the processing module (42) is connected with the input end of the control module (43);
The drying device (37) is connected with the output end of the control module (43) and is used for drying soil; the ball milling device (38) is connected with the output end of the control module (43) and is used for milling soil; the tabletting device (40) is connected with the output end of the control module and is used for tabletting soil;
the processing module (42) is configured to receive the soil image; acquiring the particle size r of the soil to be detected according to the soil image;
the control module (43) is used for receiving the particle size r and the water content p; calculating a first time T1＝a1p2+a2p+a3Drying temperature D ═ b1p+b2(ii) a Calculating a second time T2＝c1r+c2(ii) a Grinding speed W ═ d1r2+d2r+d3(ii) a Calculating a third time T3＝e1/p+e2/r+e3The tablet compression pressure N ═ f1/p+f2/r+f3) S, s is the tablet area; controlling the drying device (37) to dry at a drying temperature D for a first time T1Drying the soil; controlling the ball milling device (38) to rotate at a milling speed W for a second time T2Grinding the soil; control stationThe tablet pressing device (40) uses the tablet pressing pressure N and the tablet pressing time as a third time T3And tabletting the soil.
3. The soil sample preparation device of claim 2, wherein: the soil sample preparation device further comprises a screening device (36); the screening device (36) comprises: the device comprises a material conveying hopper (3), a filter sieve (4), a vibration motor and a sample box (6); the vibrating motor is installed on the conveying hopper (3), the filter sieve (4) is installed at the bottom of the conveying hopper (3), and the sample box (6) is installed below the conveying hopper (3), so that the soil falls into the sample box (6) through the conveying hopper (3) and through the filter sieve (4) in a vibratory screening mode.
4. A soil sample preparation device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the drying device (37) comprises: the drying device comprises an annular conveyor belt (7), a rotating motor and a plurality of drying bins (9); the plane of the annular conveyor belt (7) is vertical to the horizontal plane, a plurality of first rotating shafts (10) are mounted on the annular conveyor belt (7), and the drying bin (9) is fixedly connected with the first rotating shafts (10); and a heating device (8) is installed in the drying bin (9) and used for drying and heating the soil in the sample box (6).
5. The soil sample preparation device as recited in claim 4, further comprising: the ball milling device (38) comprises: the grinding device comprises a grinding turntable (11), a grinding bin (12), a ball-milling tank (13), grinding balls (14), a grinding cover (15) and a grinding motor; a second rotating shaft (17) is installed at the circle center of the grinding turntable (11), and the second rotating shaft (17) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the grinding motor; the grinding bins (12) are provided with a plurality of grinding bins (12), and the plurality of grinding bins (12) are arranged on one side wall of the grinding turntable (11) close to the outer circumference; the ball milling tank (13) is used for containing soil and grinding balls (14), the ball milling tank (13) can be placed in the grinding bin (12) and is clamped and fixed with the grinding bin (12) through a grinding cover (15).
6. The soil sample preparation device as recited in claim 5, further comprising: the soil sample preparation device further comprises a collecting device (39);
the collecting device (39) comprises: a collection funnel (22) and a collection tank (23); the collection funnel (22) is mounted above the collection tank (23) for collecting soil.
7. The soil sample preparation device as recited in claim 6, further comprising: the sheeting apparatus (40) comprises: a pressing sheet upper seat (18), a pressing sheet lower seat (19), a rotary pressing plate (5), a pressing plate rotating shaft (16), a scraper (20) and a scraper rotating shaft (27); one end of the rotary pressing plate (5) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (16), the other end of the rotary pressing plate (5) is provided with a pressing plate groove (21), and the rotating shaft (16) is axially connected with a pressing plate motor, so that the rotary pressing plate (5) can rotate to the bottom of the collecting funnel (22) or the upper surface of the pressing plate lower seat (19); the rotary pressing plate (5) is connected with the scraper (20) through a scraper rotating shaft (27), so that the bottom of the scraper (20) can rotate to the upper surface of the tabletting groove (21);
the top of the tabletting upper seat (18) is connected with a tabletting air cylinder piston rod, so that the tabletting upper seat (18) can be pressed down to the upper surface of the tabletting groove (20).
8. The soil sample preparation device as recited in claim 7, further comprising: the soil sample preparation device further comprises a cleaning device (41); the cleaning device (41) comprises a cleaning chamber (24), an air shower (28), a high-pressure nozzle (25) and a fan (26); the high-pressure nozzle (25) is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning chamber (24), and the fan (26) is arranged at the top of the air shower (28); the high-pressure nozzle (25) is used for spraying water flow and/or cleaning agent; the fan (26) is used for blowing and drying.
9. The soil sample preparation device as recited in claim 8, further comprising: the soil sample preparation device further comprises a conveyor; the transfer device includes: the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the third conveying mechanism, the fourth conveying mechanism, the fifth conveying mechanism and the sixth conveying mechanism; the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying the sample box (6) into the drying bin (9); the second conveying mechanism is used for conveying soil in the sample box (6) in the drying bin (9) into the ball milling tank (13); the third conveying mechanism is used for putting the ball milling tank (13) into the grinding bin (12) and moving the grinding cover (15) to clamp and fix the ball milling tank (13) and the grinding bin (12); the fourth conveying mechanism is used for pouring soil in the ball milling tank (13) into the collecting hopper (22); the fifth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank (13), the sample box (6) and the grinding cover (15) into a cleaning chamber (24); the sixth conveying mechanism is used for conveying the ball milling tank (13), the sample box (6) and the grinding cover (15) in the cleaning chamber (24) to an air shower (28).
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