CN111855306A - Compressed type in-situ seawater sampler with buffer and active pressure maintaining functions in empty cabin and application method of compressed type in-situ seawater sampler - Google Patents
Compressed type in-situ seawater sampler with buffer and active pressure maintaining functions in empty cabin and application method of compressed type in-situ seawater sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111855306A CN111855306A CN202010676942.7A CN202010676942A CN111855306A CN 111855306 A CN111855306 A CN 111855306A CN 202010676942 A CN202010676942 A CN 202010676942A CN 111855306 A CN111855306 A CN 111855306A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
Abstract
The invention provides an empty cabin compression type in-situ seawater sampler with buffering and active pressure maintaining functions, which comprises a pressure-resistant liquid cabin and an active pressure control system, wherein the pressure-resistant liquid cabin is provided with a buffer chamber; a sampling chamber, a pressurizing chamber and an isolating element are arranged in the pressure-resistant liquid tank, and the sampling chamber and the pressurizing chamber are distributed on two sides of the isolating element in the axial direction; the pressurizing chamber comprises a buffer solution pre-loading chamber, a buffer solution collecting chamber and a throttling damper, and the buffer solution pre-loading chamber is communicated with the buffer solution collecting chamber through the throttling damper; the throttling damper slows down the flow rate of an external medium entering the sampling chamber by slowing down the flow rate between the buffer solution pre-loading chamber and the buffer solution collecting chamber; the active pressure control system is connected with the pressure-resistant liquid tank, detects the pressure in the sampling chamber and/or the pressurizing chamber, and controls the pressurizing chamber to be pressurized when the pressure in the sampling chamber and/or the pressurizing chamber reaches a set value. And the throttle damper is adopted, so that the integrity of molecules and microorganisms of the in-situ seawater in the sampling process is effectively protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean technology instruments and equipment, in particular to an empty-cabin compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with buffering and a using method thereof.
Background
With the exploration of human beings to deep sea, the method has important significance for researching various deep sea suspended particles (containing planktonic microorganisms) in deep sea, and thus is helpful for comprehensively knowing a complex seabed ecosystem. However, due to the particularity of deep sea water, the method belongs to treatment of depressurization and transfer in the process of sampling and rising, and the treatment mode can cause the loss of gas-phase dissolved components of a high-pressure water sample, the decomposition of organic components and the massive death of thermophilic microorganisms, so that the original components and the state of the sample are difficult to maintain, and the subsequent treatment, analysis and other researches of the sample are correspondingly influenced, and the experimental research result is distorted.
Through a search, patent document CN1453567A discloses a high-purity pressure-maintaining deep-sea hydrothermal sampler. In the technical solution disclosed in this patent document, a high-purity pressure-maintaining deep-sea hydrothermal sampler includes: the device comprises a pressure accumulation barrel, a pressure accumulation cavity piston, a connector, a sample barrel, a valve plate, a sampling valve, a water suction pipe, an inflation valve, a micro valve and a micro high-pressure pump. The technical scheme disclosed in the patent document realizes the functions of gas pressure maintaining, non-sample seawater pre-suction and isolation and variable damping throttling control, but the high-purity pressure-maintaining deep-sea hydrothermal sampler cannot actively maintain pressure of the collected seawater, so that the pressure maintaining precision is not high, and the integrity of molecules and microorganisms in the in-situ seawater cannot be ensured in the sampling process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an empty-cabin compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with buffering and a use method thereof, so that active pressure maintaining is carried out on a sample to be sampled, and when the sampling device is used for sampling, the pressure-maintaining precision is high, the safety performance is good, the operation is convenient, and the use is flexible.
According to the invention, the empty cabin compression type active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with the buffer comprises: a pressure-resistant liquid cabin and an active pressure control system; a sampling chamber, a pressurizing chamber and an isolating element are arranged in the pressure-resistant liquid tank, and the sampling chamber and the pressurizing chamber are distributed on two sides of the isolating element in the axial direction;
the buffer solution pre-loading chamber is communicated with the buffer solution collecting chamber through the throttling damper; the throttling damper slows down the flow rate of an external medium entering the sampling chamber by slowing down the flow rate between the buffer solution pre-loading chamber and the buffer solution collecting chamber;
and the active pressure control system is connected with the pressure-resistant liquid tank, detects the pressure in the sampling chamber and/or the pressurizing chamber, and controls the pressurizing chamber to be pressurized when the pressure in the sampling chamber and/or the pressurizing chamber is lower than a set value.
Preferably, the active pressure control system comprises an active pressure pump, a controller and a pressure measuring unit, wherein the pressure measuring unit detects the pressure in the sampling chamber and/or the pressurizing chamber, the pressure measuring unit uploads the measured measurement data to the controller, and the controller controls the active pressure pump to adjust the pressure in the pressurizing chamber according to the measurement data.
Preferably, the sampling device further comprises a switch valve, when the switch valve is in an open state, the sampling chamber is communicated to the outside of the pressure-resistant liquid tank through the switch valve, an outside medium enters the sampling chamber through the switch valve, and the entering flow rate of the outside medium is reduced under the action of the throttling damper; wherein, the switch valve is controlled by the controller to open or close.
Preferably, the pressurizing chamber can be continuously supplied with pressure by the active pressure pump under the control of the controller with the on-off valve closed.
Preferably, an active pressure pump can be connected to one side of the buffer collection chamber or buffer pre-load chamber for injecting media into the buffer collection chamber or buffer pre-load chamber to equalize the pressure of the pressurizing chamber and the sampling chamber.
Preferably, the pressure-resistant tank is provided with a sealing means at one end of the buffer collection chamber.
Preferably, the controller is electrically connected with the active pressure pump, the pressure measuring unit and the switching valve.
Preferably, the separating element is movable under pressure in the pressure-resistant tank, the separating element separating the media in the sampling chamber and the buffer priming chamber from mixing.
According to the use method of the empty cabin compression type active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with the buffer, provided by the invention, sampling is carried out by utilizing the empty cabin compression type active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with the buffer.
Preferably, the use method of the empty chamber compression type active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with the buffer comprises the following steps:
s0 before sampling: connecting a vacuum pump to a switch valve, opening the switch valve to vacuumize a sampling chamber, filling a buffer solution pre-loading chamber with a buffer medium, filling a buffer solution collecting chamber with a small amount of gas medium, and keeping the switch valve closed while an isolation element is positioned at the farthest end far away from a sealing device;
sampling process S1: when the sampler reaches the sampling depth, the controller opens the switch valve, the external medium enters the sampling chamber, the buffer medium in the buffer pre-loading chamber flows to the buffer collecting chamber, and the throttling damper slows down the flow rate of the medium in the buffer pre-loading chamber flowing to the buffer collecting chamber, so that the flow rate of the external medium entering the sampling chamber is slowed down;
Pressure maintaining process S2: when the buffer solution collecting chamber is saturated and sampling is finished, the controller controls to close the switch valve, the sampler starts to rise, the pressure in the sampler starts to attenuate along with the fact that the depth of the sampler becomes shallow when the sampler is recovered, the pressure measuring unit uploads the data of pressure change in the sampler after measuring the data, the controller controls the active pressure pump to inject medium into the pressurizing chamber to control the pressure according to the measured data, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is transmitted to the sampling chamber through the isolating element, and the pressure balance between the sampling chamber and the pressurizing chamber is kept;
output process S3: when the sampler rises and is recovered to the deck, the controller controls the switch valve to be opened, and the sample is taken out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through adopting the throttle damper, when taking a sample, the velocity of flow that makes the medium flow direction buffer solution collection chamber of buffer solution pre-installation cavity slows down, and the speed that corresponding external medium got into the sample chamber slows down to make the molecule of external medium can not destroyed because of the shearing of valve port.
2. Through the structure that the active pressure control system injects media into the pressure-resistant liquid tank, the problem of high air pressure in the existing high-pressure gas passive compensation technology structure is solved, and the safety is improved.
3. The sampler can drive the isolating element to displace through actively and/or allowing to change the volume of the pressurizing chamber so as to change the characteristic of the volume of the sampling chamber, so that the active pressure control system actively maintains pressure of the collected in-situ seawater, the problem of poor precision of pressure change in the conventional high-pressure gas passive compensation technology is solved, and the pressure maintaining precision is improved.
4. The controller is adopted to receive the measurement data detected by the pressure measurement unit, and the active pressure pump is controlled to actively maintain pressure according to the measurement data, so that the sampler does not need to pre-configure the depth to be worked on the water surface, and the sampler is convenient to use and good in flexibility.
5. And by adopting the isolation element, the medium increased by the pressure compensation of the active pressure system is isolated from the collected sample, and the collected sample cannot be polluted.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention:
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention during a sample submergence;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention during sampling and holding pressure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention during the output process.
In the figure:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention is an empty chamber compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with buffering, comprising: a pressure-resistant liquid tank 201 and an active pressure control system; a sampling cavity 2011, a pressurizing cavity and an isolating element 2015 are arranged in the pressure-resistant liquid tank 201, and the sampling cavity 2011 and the pressurizing cavity are distributed on two sides of the isolating element 2015 in the axial direction; the pressurizing chamber comprises a buffer liquid pre-loading chamber 2012, a buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013 and a throttling damper 2014, wherein the buffer liquid pre-loading chamber 2012 is communicated with the buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013 through the throttling damper 2014; the throttle damper 2014 slows the flow rate of the external medium into the sampling chamber 2011 by slowing the flow rate between the buffer pre-loading chamber 2012 and the buffer collecting chamber 2013.
Buffer pre-loading chamber 2012 is arranged on the left side of isolation element 2015, sampling chamber 2011 is arranged on the right side of isolation element 2015, and on-off valve 203 is connected to the right end cover of pressure-resistant tank 201, and on-off valve 203 is used for in-situ seawater sample inlet or outlet. The pressure measuring unit 205 is connected to one side of the sampling chamber 2011, the controller 204 is electrically connected with the pressure measuring unit 205, the switch valve 203 and the active pressure pump 202, and the active pressure pump 202 is connected with the buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013.
The controller 204 is a control core for coordinating the components of the sampler, and completes data acquisition and instruction output of each unit in the sampling process, the pressure maintaining process and the output process according to an instruction of an upper computer or a program preset in advance.
At one isVariation exampleAs shown in fig. 1, a pressure measuring unit 205 is connected to the right end cover of the pressure-resistant liquid tank 201, and the pressure measuring unit 205 can measure the pressure in the sampling chamber 2011. However, during sampling, it is desirable to keep the sampling chamber 205 and the pressurizing chamber equal in pressure, so the pressure measurement unit 205 can also be connected to the buffer pre-charge chamber 2012 or the buffer collection chamber 2013.
In anotherVariation exampleIn the embodiment, since the active pressure control system of the basic example includes the active pressure pump 202, the controller 204 and the pressure measurement unit 205, the active pressure pump 202 may be replaced by a smart pump with pressure measurement or self-control capability, that is, in this embodiment, the controller 204 and the pressure measurement unit 205 may not be provided.
In yet anotherVariation exampleIn the basic example, the active pressure pump 202 is disposed in the buffer collection chamber 2013, since the pressurizing chamber includes: buffer solution pre-loading chamber 2012, buffer solution collecting chamber 2013 and throttle damper 2014, so the active pressure pump 202 can also be arranged at one side of the buffer solution pre-loading chamber 2012, and the purpose of pressure maintaining can also be achieved.
In a further oneVariation exampleThe active pressure pump 202 injects a medium into the pressurized chamber, which may be seawater in the ambient environment or other liquid pre-placed in the suction port of the active pressure pump 202.
The working principle is as follows:
when the sampler is submerged, buffer pre-load chamber 2012 is filled with liquid, buffer collection chamber 2013 is filled with air or nitrogen or other inert gas at a pressure below 1bar, and isolation element 2015 is positioned at the rightmost side of pressure-resistant tank 201, at which time sampling chamber 2011 is emptied. When the sampling depth is reached, the controller 204 controls the on-off valve 203 to be opened, and the in-situ seawater enters the sampling chamber 2011 through self high pressure. Under the pressure action of the in-situ seawater entering the sampling chamber 2011, the liquid in the buffer liquid pre-loading chamber 2012 flows to the buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013, and due to the action of the throttling damper 2014, the liquid flowing speed is low, so that the in-situ seawater entering the sampling chamber 2011 is also low, and molecules in the in-situ seawater cannot be damaged due to shearing of the valve port due to the low flow speed. Sampling is complete when the buffer collection chamber 2013 is saturated. The isolation element 2015 may transfer the pressure of the pressurization chamber to the sampling chamber 2011, but the isolation element 2015 does not allow the liquids of the sampling chamber 2011 and the pressurization chamber to mix.
The working process is as follows:
step 1: a vacuum pump is connected to the outlet of the on-off valve 203, the on-off valve 203 is opened to evacuate the sampling chamber 2011, so that the isolation element 2015 is positioned at the rightmost side of the pressure-resistant tank 201, at this time, the sampling chamber 2011 is emptied, the buffer pre-loading chamber 2012 is filled with damping buffer liquid, the buffer collection chamber 2013 is filled with air or nitrogen or other inert gas at a pressure lower than 1bar, and the on-off valve 203 is kept closed.
Step 2: when the sampler submerges to the water intake target depth, the controller 204 controls the switch valve 203 to open, and the seawater enters the sampling chamber 2011 under the self pressure. Under the action of the in-situ seawater pressure, the liquid in the buffer liquid pre-loading chamber 2012 flows to the buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013, and due to the action of the throttling damper 2014, the flow rate of the liquid in the buffer liquid pre-loading chamber 2012 flowing to the buffer liquid collecting chamber 2013 is slow, so that the in-situ seawater enters the sampling chamber 2011 at a slow speed, and molecules in the in-situ seawater cannot be damaged due to the shearing of the valve port due to the slow flow rate. When the buffer collection chamber 2013 is saturated, the sampling is finished, and the controller 204 controls to close the on-off valve 203.
And step 3: the sampler starts to be recovered, the pressure in the sampler starts to decay as the depth becomes shallow, the pressure measurement unit 205 measures the pressure change in the sampler and then uploads the pressure change to the controller 204, the controller 204 controls the active pressure pump 202 to fill the buffer collection chamber 2013, the pressure in the buffer pre-loading chamber 2012 is transferred to the sampling chamber 2011 through the isolation element 2015, but due to the isolation of the isolation element 2015, the liquids in the two regions cannot be mixed until the sampler is recovered to the deck.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an in situ seawater sampler of buffering initiative pressurize in compressed area of vacant lot, its characterized in that includes: a pressure-resistant liquid tank (201) and an active pressure control system;
a sampling cavity (2011), a pressurizing cavity and an isolating element (2015) are arranged in the pressure-resistant liquid tank (201), and the sampling cavity (2011) and the pressurizing cavity are distributed on two sides of the isolating element (2015) in the axial direction;
the pressurization chamber includes: the buffer solution pre-loading chamber (2012), the buffer solution collecting chamber (2013) and a throttling damper (2014), wherein the buffer solution pre-loading chamber (2012) is communicated with the buffer solution collecting chamber (2013) through the throttling damper (2014);
the throttling damper (2014) is used for reducing the flow rate of an external medium entering the sampling chamber (2011) by reducing the flow rate between the buffer liquid pre-loading chamber (2012) and the buffer liquid collecting chamber (2013);
The active pressure control system is connected with the pressure-resistant liquid tank (201), detects the pressure in the sampling chamber (2011) and/or the pressurizing chamber, and controls the pressurizing chamber (1012) to be pressurized when the pressure in the sampling chamber (2011) and/or the pressurizing chamber is lower than a set value.
2. The empty chamber compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with buffering function according to claim 1, wherein the active pressure control system comprises: the pressure measurement device comprises an active pressure pump (202), a controller (204) and a pressure measurement unit (205), wherein the pressure measurement unit (205) detects the pressure in a sampling chamber (2011) and/or a pressurizing chamber, the pressure measurement unit (205) uploads the measured measurement data to the controller (204), and the controller (204) controls the active pressure pump (202) to adjust the pressure in the pressurizing chamber according to the measurement data.
3. The empty chamber compression type in-situ seawater sampler with buffering and active pressure maintaining functions as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a switch valve (203), when the switch valve (203) is in an open state, the sampling chamber (2011) is communicated to the outside of the pressure-resistant liquid chamber (201) through the switch valve (203), the outside medium enters the sampling chamber (2011) through the switch valve (203), and the flow rate of the outside medium is reduced due to the action of the throttling damper (2014); wherein the on-off valve (203) is controlled to be opened or closed by a controller (204).
4. The capsule compression type active dwell in-situ seawater sampler of claim 1, wherein the pressurizing chamber can be continuously supplied with pressure by an active pressure pump (202) under the control of the controller (204) with the on-off valve (203) closed.
5. The capsule compression type active dwell in-situ seawater sampler of claim 1, wherein the active pressure pump (202) is connectable to one side of the buffer collection chamber (2013) or the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) for injecting medium into the buffer collection chamber (2013) or the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) for equalizing the pressure of the pressurizing chamber and the sampling chamber (2011).
6. The empty chamber compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with buffer according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-resistant liquid chamber (201) is provided with a sealing device (2016) at one end of the buffer collection chamber (2013).
7. The empty chamber compression type active dwell in-situ seawater sampler of claim 1, wherein the controller (204) is electrically connected with the active pressure pump (202), the pressure measuring unit (205) and the switch valve (203).
8. An empty-cabin compression-type in-situ seawater sampler with buffer active pressure-holding according to claim 1, wherein the isolation element (2015) is movable under pressure in the pressure-resistant tank (201), and the isolation element (2015) isolates the media in the sampling chamber (2011) and the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) from mixing.
9. The use method of the empty chamber compression type belt buffering active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sampling is performed by using the empty chamber compression type belt buffering active pressure maintaining in-situ seawater sampler.
10. The use method of the empty chamber compression type active pressure-maintaining in-situ seawater sampler with the buffer according to claim 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s0 before sampling: connecting a vacuum pump to the on-off valve (203), opening the on-off valve (203) to evacuate the sampling chamber (2011), filling the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) with a buffer medium, filling the buffer collection chamber (2013) with a small amount of a gaseous medium, the isolation element (2015) being located at the farthest end from the sealing device (2016) while the on-off valve (203) remains closed;
sampling process S1: when the sampler reaches the sampling depth, the controller (204) opens the switch valve (203), the external medium enters the sampling chamber (2011), the buffer medium in the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) flows to the buffer collecting chamber (2013), and the throttling damper (2014) reduces the flow rate of the external medium entering the sampling chamber (2011) by reducing the flow rate of the medium in the buffer pre-loading chamber (2012) flowing to the buffer collecting chamber (2013);
Pressure maintaining process S2: when the buffer solution collection chamber (2013) is saturated and sampling is completed, the controller (204) controls to close the switch valve (203), the sampler starts to rise, the pressure in the sampler starts to decay as the depth of the sampler becomes shallow during recovery, the pressure measurement unit (205) measures the data of the pressure change in the sampler and uploads the data to the controller (204), the controller (204) controls the active pressure pump (202) to inject medium into the pressurizing chamber to control the pressure according to the measured data, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is transmitted to the sampling chamber (2011) through the isolation element (2015), and the pressure balance between the sampling chamber (2011) and the pressurizing chamber is maintained.
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| CN202010676942.7A CN111855306A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Compressed type in-situ seawater sampler with buffer and active pressure maintaining functions in empty cabin and application method of compressed type in-situ seawater sampler |
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| CN202010676942.7A CN111855306A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Compressed type in-situ seawater sampler with buffer and active pressure maintaining functions in empty cabin and application method of compressed type in-situ seawater sampler |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116240095A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-06-09 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | Microorganism in-situ sorting instrument in deep sea environment |
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