CN111852692A - Fuel supply device and vehicle power system - Google Patents

Fuel supply device and vehicle power system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111852692A
CN111852692A CN202010835465.4A CN202010835465A CN111852692A CN 111852692 A CN111852692 A CN 111852692A CN 202010835465 A CN202010835465 A CN 202010835465A CN 111852692 A CN111852692 A CN 111852692A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flow path
gas
fuel
fluid communication
pressure
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Pending
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CN202010835465.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李仕栋
杨雪林
吴兵
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Shanghai Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain Co ltd
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Shanghai Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010835465.4A priority Critical patent/CN111852692A/en
Publication of CN111852692A publication Critical patent/CN111852692A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of liquefied gas fuel supply, and discloses a fuel supply device for conveying fuel in a liquefied gas storage tank to a vehicle power module, which comprises at least two fluid communication flow paths communicated with a low-pressure gas cache module, wherein the low-pressure gas cache module is connected to the vehicle power module; wherein the first fluid communication flow path is used for receiving boil-off gas BOG of the liquefied gas storage tank, and the second fluid communication flow path is used for receiving liquefied gas from the liquefied gas storage tank and heating the liquefied gas to form gasified gas; a heat exchange flow path in heat transfer communication with the second fluid communication flow path; the vehicle power module further comprises a high-pressure gas storage module for supplying high-pressure gas fuel to the vehicle power module. The fuel supply device is integrated and can be applied to various environments. Meanwhile, the vehicle power system containing the fuel supply device is provided, and the application range is wide.

Description

Fuel supply device and vehicle power system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquefied gas fuel supply, and particularly relates to a fuel supply device and a vehicle power system.
Background
The history of energy evolution of human in the past hundred years is essentially the history of adjustment of the carbon-hydrogen ratio, the hydrogen content is continuously improved, and the energy density is also continuously improved. To date, two energy revolution has historically been made by mankind. The first energy revolution is that coal replaces wood to become the leading energy, and the second energy revolution is that petroleum replaces coal to become the leading energy. Although fossil energy is still dominant at present, in consideration of the increasingly prominent shortage of fossil energy resources, environmental pollution caused by automobile emission and the increasingly depleted petroleum resources, the search for clean alternative energy is a problem that must be solved in every country.
The fuel cell converts internal energy into electric energy through electrochemical reaction between chemical fuel and oxidant, and the fuel is usually selected from clean energy sources such as hydrogen, methane and methanol. The automobile using the fuel cell as power does not discharge harmful gases such as sulfide and nitrogen oxide. And the defects of long charging time and short endurance mileage of the existing pure electric vehicle do not exist. The fuel cell vehicle using the fuel cell as a power source has the advantages of light weight, environmental protection, short energy supplement time and the like.
However, the fuel usually used in the fuel cell has a small boiling point and is easily vaporized by heat absorption at room temperature, and the vaporized fuel is easily exploded if it is not properly stored. How to ensure the storage and the safe storage of fuel in automobiles becomes the first problem to be solved for the large-scale development of the fuel cell vehicle industry.
For example, the most commonly used hydrogen fuel cells do not emit harmful gases such as sulfides and nitrogen oxides, do not produce carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, and produce only H2O，H2Clean hydrogen can be obtained after O electrolysis. During the transportation of hydrogen, hydrogen distributed in various places is distributed to a hydrogen refueling station, or hydrogen concentrated in a region with less developed fuel cells is transported to a developed region requiring hydrogen fuel. It is extremely necessary to ensure the supply of hydrogen and improve the efficiency of storage and transportation. Transportation of hydrogen gas requires significant emphasis on storage and transportation of low temperature liquid hydrogen. Compared with other storage and transportation modes, the liquid hydrogen has low energy consumption in the whole industrial chain, can be expanded at low cost, ensures the quality of ultra-pure hydrogen, and provides various fuel modes in different forms such as solid, liquid and gas.
In the storage and transportation of liquefied gas fuels, especially liquefied hydrogen, gasification is inevitably generated, and in most of the prior art, the liquefied gas fuels are discharged and wasted.
At present, the current stock of new energy vehicles reaches the million level. However, the fuel needs to be subjected to inevitable gasification during storage and transportation and use of vehicles, the gasified fuel occupies a large volume and forms high pressure, and the high-pressure gas is easy to explode due to friction or sparks. In addition, when a vehicle which is stopped for a long time is started, if corresponding energy supply is not available, the vehicle cannot be ignited, in the prior art, a storage battery with heavier additional mass is mostly used, the storage battery can be self-consumed, self-discharge can also be generated after the storage battery is placed for a long time, and the vehicle cannot be normally started until the electric energy is completely consumed.
In order to ensure the storage, transportation and use safety of the liquefied fuel and the reasonable utilization of the gasified fuel, the gasified fuel can be reused, and the vehicle can still be started after being parked for a long time of power failure, thereby improving the fuel use efficiency of the liquefied fuel truck, reducing the operation cost of the truck and the like. Among them, the existing research is mostly to solve a separate problem, and an integrated fuel supply device which can be applied to various environments does not appear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel supply device and a vehicle power system, which solve the technical problems of an integrated fuel supply device which is safe and reliable and can be suitable for various environments.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is to provide: a fuel supply apparatus for delivering fuel in a liquefied gas storage tank to a vehicle power module, comprising at least two fluid communication flow paths in communication with a low pressure gas buffer module, the low pressure gas buffer module being connected to the vehicle power module;
wherein the first fluid communication flow path is used for receiving boil-off gas BOG of the liquefied gas storage tank, and the second fluid communication flow path is used for receiving liquefied gas from the liquefied gas storage tank and heating the liquefied gas to form gasified gas;
a heat exchange flow path in heat transfer communication with the second fluid communication flow path is also included.
Preferably, the vehicle further comprises a high pressure gas storage module for supplying high pressure gas fuel to the vehicle power module.
Optimally, one end of the first fluid communication flow path is connected to the top of the liquefied gas storage tank, a connecting port is arranged above the liquid level of the liquefied gas fuel, and the other end of the first fluid communication flow path is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module;
one end of the second fluid communication flow path is connected to the bottom of the liquefied gas storage tank, and the connecting port is arranged below the liquid level of the liquefied gas fuel; the second fluid communication flow path is provided with a gasification module for gasifying the liquid fuel; the gasified fuel flows to the low-pressure gas buffer module.
Optimally, the low-pressure gas cache module comprises a low-pressure buffer tank and an adjustable gas supply unit which are arranged in series; an outlet combined valve and an inlet combined valve are respectively arranged at an outlet and an inlet of the low-pressure buffer tank; the boil-off gas BOG received by the first fluid communication flow path is connected into the low-pressure buffer tank through an inlet combination valve, and the other end of the second fluid communication flow path is connected to the inlet combination valve of the low-pressure buffer tank.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas storage module comprises a high-pressure storage tank and an adjustable gas supply unit which are arranged in series; the high pressure tank is provided with an outlet combination valve for connection to a vehicle power module.
Preferably, the adjustable gas supply unit comprises a pressure reducing valve and a flow regulating valve which are connected in series; the flow regulating valve comprises a plurality of flow valves arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the gasification module is an evaporator; the second fluid communication flow path comprises a liquid stop valve, an evaporator, a heat exchanger and a booster valve which are sequentially arranged on the conducting pipeline; the evaporator is characterized by further comprising a liquid discharge valve, a liquid discharge branch is arranged between the liquid stop valve and the evaporator, and the liquid discharge valve is arranged on the liquid discharge branch.
Preferably, a gas stop valve is arranged on the first fluid communication flow path; an exhaust branch is arranged on a pipeline between the gas stop valve and the inlet combination valve; and a pressure safety valve is arranged on the exhaust branch.
Preferably, the heat exchange flow path comprises a heat exchanger having two fluid flow paths, wherein one of the fluid flow paths of the heat exchanger comprises boil-off gas from the second fluid communication flow path and the second of the fluid flow paths of the heat exchanger is part of a vehicle power module cooling train.
Preferably, the heat exchanger is arranged in a second fluid communication flow path, the air inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the gasification module of the second fluid communication flow path to form the first fluid flow path, and the air outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module;
the heat exchanger is also in heat transfer with the vehicle power module through a cooling medium loop, and a circulating pump is arranged on the cooling medium loop to form a fluid flow path II.
Preferably, the vehicle power source comprises a fuel cell or a natural gas engine.
Preferably, the fuel in the liquefied gas storage tank is liquid hydrogen or liquefied natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide: the fuel cell system with any one of the fuel supply devices comprises the fuel supply device and a vehicle power module; a high-pressure gas storage module and a low-pressure gas buffer module in the fuel supply device provide gaseous fuel for a vehicle power module; and a second fluid communication flow path in the fuel supply apparatus exchanges heat with the vehicle power module.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows:
when the vehicle runs, the first fluid communication flow path and the second fluid communication flow path are integrated with the quick connection joints, and can be matched with liquid fuel storage tanks on all liquid fuel tank trucks or vehicle-mounted liquid fuel storage tanks. The evaporated gas and the gasified gas in the first fluid communication flow path and the second fluid communication flow path are divided into two paths and are connected into the low-pressure cache tank through the inlet combination valve, the other end of the low-pressure cache tank is connected into the adjustable gas supply unit through the outlet combination valve, and the pressure reducing valve and the flow regulating valve in the adjustable gas supply unit are controlled by the closed loop of the vehicle control unit, so that the function of supplying the gaseous fuel under different power requirements when the vehicle power module is used is finally realized.
The heat exchange flow path is used for cooling the vehicle power module, and the heat energy is transmitted to the liquid fuel to be gasified into a gaseous state through the circulating pump on the cooling medium loop, so that the cold energy utilization is realized, the cooling requirement of the high-power fuel cell stack of the vehicle power module such as a truck is met, and the waste heat energy can be recycled. And the circulating pump is controlled to be connected into the whole vehicle controller, and the flow of the cooling medium corresponds to the cooling demand of the vehicle power module under different powers.
The integrated high-pressure storage tank and the adjustable gas supply unit connected to the downstream of the high-pressure storage tank are used for solving the problem that the liquid fuel gasification rate is insufficient to cause the lack of gas of a vehicle power module at the initial starting stage of a vehicle or when the vehicle power module runs at high power, and solving the problem that the liquid fuel gasification rate is insufficient to cause the lack of gas when a low-pressure buffer tank runs at high speed and the quick starting of a fuel cell vehicle.
When the vehicle is started, the outlet valve of the low-pressure buffer tank and the valve in the adjustable gas supply unit are both in a closed state, and gas required by a vehicle power module is mainly supplied through the high-pressure storage tank.
When the vehicle runs at a high speed, the outlet valve of the low-pressure buffer tank and the valve in the adjustable gas supply unit are both in an opening state, and meanwhile, stable large-flow gas is supplied to the vehicle power module, so that the normal running of the system is ensured.
The inlet valve of the low-pressure buffer tank is in an open state in the whole process from the starting to the running of the vehicle, continuously receives the gasified fuel gas in the liquefied gas storage tank and is used for keeping the supply of the fuel gas of the low-pressure buffer tank.
When the vehicle stops, all the control valves are in a closed state.
In contrast, the prior art has a simple concept of processing gasified liquefied gas fuel, but does not relate to storage and supply of a gas-liquid branch flow path of the liquefied gas fuel, and does not mention utilization of cold energy of the gaseous fuel. In the prior art, as shown in chinese patent document CN201510345860.3, two fuel cell stacks are required, and when a vehicle is parked, it is necessary to control a system module to be still in a power-on state and monitor the system pressure, and when the pressure reaches a threshold value, an auxiliary stack is used to consume the gasified hydrogen, and the rate of hydrogen consumption of the stack must be greater than the gasification rate of hydrogen. The prior art solutions present two drawbacks in implementation: 1. when the gasification pressure does not reach the threshold value, if the electric energy of the storage battery for supplying power to the control system is exhausted, the auxiliary fuel cell cannot be started, so that the system principle cannot be realized. 2. The gasification rate of liquid hydrogen cannot be accurately controlled, so that the consumption of hydrogen of the auxiliary fuel cell may be far larger or smaller than the gasification rate, which causes the hydrogen shortage of the electric pile or the hydrogen pressure to be too high, thereby affecting the service life of the electric pile.
Has the advantages that:
1. when the vehicle is parked, all gasified fuel gas in the liquefied gas storage tank is input into the low-pressure buffer tank through the first fluid communication flow path, and the pressure safety valve is installed in the first fluid communication flow path and is opened to protect the whole safety of the system once the pressure of the fuel gas is ultrahigh. The second fluid communication flow path is input into the low-pressure storage tank only after the pressure reaches a certain value under the action of the booster valve, and the storage tank has larger capacity enough to accommodate fuel gas in the lower vehicle-mounted liquefied gas storage tank. When the vehicle is restarted, the vehicle power module may directly consume the gas in the low pressure fuel storage tank. Make liquefied gas vehicle can cut off the power supply completely when parking, the automatic outflow of gasified gas is preserved to the low pressure buffer tank through mechanical structure, has guaranteed the security of vehicle promptly, has avoided the gaseous fuel loss of vehicle under the outage condition again.
2. The cooling problem of the vehicle power module such as a fuel cell during operation can be solved by utilizing the cold energy of the low-temperature gas through the matching of the heat exchanger in the heat exchange flow path and the cooling medium loop.
3. The fuel supply device provided by the invention has the advantages that the high-pressure gas storage module is redundant, the fuel consumption of a high-power vehicle power module of a heavy vehicle can be met, and the problem of hydrogen deficiency caused by the fact that the gasification quantity of liquid fuel cannot be accurately controlled when the fuel is in a large-flow demand in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
The foregoing features, technical features, advantages and implementations of a fuel processing apparatus and fuel cell system thereof will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in a clearly understood manner with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle powertrain with a fuel supply of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-a liquefied gas storage tank; 2-a vehicle power module; 3-a low-pressure buffer tank; 31-inlet combination valve; 4-high pressure storage tank; 5-a second fluid communication flow path; 51-liquid shut-off valve; 52-an evaporator; 53-heat exchanger; 54-a pressure increasing valve; 55-a liquid drain valve; 6-a first fluid communication flow path; 61-gas stop valve; 62-pressure relief valve; 7-adjustable gas supply unit; 71-a pressure reducing valve; 72-flow regulating valve; 8-a cooling medium circuit; 81-circulating pump.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel supply apparatus for delivering fuel in a liquefied gas storage tank 1 to a vehicle power module 2 includes at least two fluid communication flow paths communicating with a low pressure gas buffer module connected to the vehicle power module 2; wherein the first fluid communication flow path 6 is for receiving Boil-Off Gas (Boil-Off Gas, which is a low-temperature liquid liquefied by pressurizing Gas at a temperature lower than the critical temperature thereof and is evaporated due to difficulty in absolute heat insulation from the environment and absorption of external heat) of the liquefied Gas storage tank, and the second fluid communication flow path 5 is for receiving liquefied Gas fuel from the liquefied Gas storage tank 1 and heating the liquefied Gas fuel to form a gasified Gas; and a heat exchange flow path in heat transfer with the second fluid communication flow path 5. The liquid gas storage tank is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module through two fluid communication flow paths, and BOG and liquid fuel in the liquefied gas storage tank 1 can be respectively heated to form gasified gas to be stored at low pressure; on the one hand, the risk of the liquefied gas fuel expanding in the tank due to the ambient temperature during transport, forming a gaseous fuel, which results in both energy losses and safety risks for the vehicle, is avoided, and on the other hand, the liquid fuel is used as a fuel source for the vehicle power module by storing the liquefied gas fuel in gaseous form by vaporizing it. In addition, heat exchange can also occur in the gasification process, so that waste heat recovery and utilization are realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
The vehicle power module 2 is a power source such as a fuel cell or a natural gas engine. That is, the technical scheme is not only suitable for the application of fuel cell vehicles, but also suitable for the application of other non-fuel cell (such as natural gas engine) vehicles.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, the fuel supply arrangement further comprises a high pressure gas storage module for supplying high pressure gas fuel to the vehicle power module 2. When the fuel supply apparatus provides the power source 3 for a vehicle power module, such as a fuel cell, gaseous fuel from the low pressure gas buffer module and high pressure gas fuel from the high pressure gas storage module are used according to the operating requirements of different vehicles. The high-pressure gas storage module is arranged to meet the power requirement of vehicle operation, and is particularly used for avoiding the problem of hydrogen deficiency of the fuel cell caused by insufficient liquid fuel gasification rate in the initial starting period of the vehicle or high-power operation of the fuel cell.
One end of the first fluid communication flow path 6 is connected to the top of the liquefied gas storage tank 1, a connector is arranged above the liquid level of the liquid fuel, and the other end of the first fluid communication flow path is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module; one end of the second fluid communication flow path 5 is connected to the bottom of the liquefied gas storage tank 1, and a connecting port is arranged below the liquid level of the liquid fuel; the second fluid communication flow path 5 is provided with a gasification module for gasifying the liquid fuel; the gasified fuel flows to the low-pressure gas buffer module.
The low-pressure gas cache module comprises a low-pressure buffer tank 3 and an adjustable gas supply unit 7 which are arranged in series; an outlet combined valve and an inlet combined valve 31 are respectively arranged at an outlet and an inlet of the low-pressure buffer tank 3; the boil-off gas BOG received in the first fluid communication flow path 6 is introduced into the low pressure buffer tank 3 through the inlet combination valve 31, and the other end of the second fluid communication flow path 5 is introduced into the inlet combination valve 31 of the low pressure buffer tank 3. In use, the adjustable air supply unit 7 is used for regulating and controlling the air intake amount entering the fuel cell 2 so as to meet the requirements of different powers. The second fluid communication flow path 5 is connected to the low-pressure buffer tank 3, and the two fluid communication flow paths can share one low-pressure gas buffer tank 3, so that the installation space can be saved, and the whole volume and weight can be controlled.
The high-pressure gas storage module comprises a high-pressure storage tank 4 and an adjustable gas supply unit 7 which are arranged in series; the high pressure tank 4 is provided with an outlet combination valve for connection to the vehicle power module 2 to provide high pressure gaseous fuel.
In the use, liquefied fuel is stored in liquefied gas storage tank 1, and liquid fuel is generally not high in boiling point, can take place the gasification at room temperature, and the jar internal pressure intensity can be increased to the gas after the gasification, and the gas is carried to low pressure buffer tank 3 of low pressure gas buffer module in, stores. In the practical use process, most of energy is supplied by liquid fuel, the liquid fuel is gasified into fuel gas by a gasification module arranged on the second fluid communication flow path 5 which extends into the liquid level, and then the fuel gas is conveyed to the vehicle power module 2 through the low-pressure buffer tank 3 of the low-pressure gas buffer module, for example, the fuel cell generates chemical reaction to convert the internal energy into the electric energy, or the fuel gas enters the natural gas engine to generate chemical reaction to convert the internal energy into the kinetic energy. The high-pressure storage tank 4 is used for storing high-pressure fuel gas, and is convenient for providing a power source for vehicles.
The adjustable gas supply units 7 in the low-pressure gas cache module and the high-pressure gas storage module have the same structure and respectively comprise a pressure reducing valve 71 and a flow regulating valve 72 which are connected in series; the flow regulating valve 72 includes a plurality of flow valves arranged in parallel. In the use process, the flow is controllable due to the mutual matching of the valves.
Specifically, the vaporization module provided in the second fluid communication flow path 5 is an evaporator 52; the second fluid communication channel 5 includes a liquid shutoff valve 51, an evaporator 52, a heat exchanger 53, and a pressure increasing valve 54 provided in this order on a communication line. The second fluid communication flow path 5 is further provided with a liquid discharge valve 55; a liquid discharge branch is provided on a pipe between the liquid stop valve 51 and the evaporator 52, and a liquid discharge valve 55 is provided on the liquid discharge branch. The second fluid communication flow path 5 is inputted into the low pressure buffer tank 3 only after the pressure reaches a certain value by the pressurizing valve 54, and the low pressure buffer tank 3 has a large capacity enough to contain the liquefied gas in the vehicle-mounted liquefied gas storage tank 1. When the vehicle is restarted, the vehicle power module 2 can directly consume the gaseous fuel in the low-pressure surge tank 3.
A gas shutoff valve 61 is provided in a conduction passage of the first fluid communication passage 6; an exhaust branch is arranged on a pipeline between the gas stop valve 61 and the inlet combination valve 31; a pressure relief valve 62 is provided in the exhaust branch. In the use process, the pressure safety valve 62 can perform pressure relief when the pressure exceeds a set limit for the safety of the whole pipeline, so as to realize the normal operation of the pipeline.
The heat exchange flow path comprises a heat exchanger 53 having two fluid flow paths, wherein one of the fluid flow paths of the heat exchanger 53 comprises vaporized gas from the second fluid communication flow path 5 to provide cold energy of the gaseous fuel, and the second fluid flow path of the heat exchanger 53 is used as a part of a cooling system of the vehicle power module 2 to transfer high temperature heat during operation of the vehicle power module.
Specifically, a heat exchanger 53 is arranged in the second fluid communication flow path 5, an air inlet end of the heat exchanger 53 is connected with an outlet of a gasification module of the second fluid communication flow path to form a first fluid flow path, an air outlet end of the heat exchanger 53 is connected to the low-pressure gas buffer module, and more specifically, an air outlet end of the heat exchanger 53 is connected to an inlet combination valve of the low-pressure gas buffer module through a booster valve 54; the heat exchanger 53 is also communicated with a coolant circuit 8 that transfers heat to the vehicle power module 2, and the coolant circuit 8 is provided with a circulation pump 81 to form a second fluid flow path. In practical applications, the cooling energy of the gaseous fuel provided by the first fluid flow path exchanges heat with the heat of the vehicle power module 2 through the cooling medium circuit 8, and the heat exchanger 53 transfers the heat generated by the vehicle power module 2 to the second fluid communication flow path 5 through the circulating pump 81, so as to utilize the residual heat in the cooling medium circuit of the vehicle power module 2, such as a fuel cell, as a heat source for vaporizing the liquid fuel, and at the same time, to help cool the cooling medium (such as cooling water) of the fuel cell.
In the above structure, the fuel in the liquefied gas storage tank 1 is liquefied fuel such as liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, and is used for matching power sources required by different vehicles. In the use process, the pipeline can be matched and finely adjusted according to the actual situation.
Example 2
This embodiment provides the application of the fuel supply apparatus described above on the basis of embodiment 1, which is not limited to the application on liquid fuel transportation trucks, and provides gaseous fuel for truck transportation by using the stored low-pressure gas while storing boil-off gas during transportation. But also widely applied to providing gaseous fuel for various vehicles, including various vehicles taking fuel cells or natural gas engines and the like as power sources.
Accordingly, a vehicle power system with the fuel supply apparatus provided in embodiment 1 can be provided; specifically, the vehicle power system comprises a fuel supply device and a vehicle power module 2, wherein a high-pressure gas storage module (comprising a high-pressure storage tank 4) and a low-pressure gas buffer module (comprising a low-pressure buffer tank 3) in the fuel supply device provide gaseous fuel for the vehicle power module 2; and the vehicle power module 2 is heat-exchanged with the second fluid communication flow path 5 in the fuel supply device. More specifically, the liquefied gas storage tank 1 stores liquid fuel; the first fluid communication channel of the fuel supply device is connected above the liquid level of the liquid fuel, and the second fluid communication channel 5 is connected below the liquid hydrogen level; the low-pressure buffer tank 3 and the high-pressure storage tank 4 of the fuel supply device are respectively controlled by an adjustable gas supply unit 7 and are in flow adjustable connection with the vehicle power module 2; the gaseous fuel inside the vehicle power module 2 undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction to release heat, which is transferred to the gaseous fuel in the heat exchanger 53 through the cooling medium circuit driven by the circulation pump 81.
The high-pressure storage tank 4 arranged on the fuel supply device can meet the fuel gas consumption of the high-power fuel cell 2 of a heavy truck, and the problem of hydrogen deficiency caused by the fact that the gasification quantity of liquid fuel gas cannot be accurately controlled when the fuel gas is in a large-flow demand in the prior art is solved. The device integrates the low-pressure buffer tank 3 and the second fluid communication flow path 5, the second fluid communication flow path 5 is provided with the evaporator 52 and the pressure increasing valve 54, the fuel is a fuel self-pressurization gasification system, the vehicle can be completely powered off when being parked, the gasified liquid fuel automatically flows out of the low-pressure buffer tank 3 through a mechanical structure to be stored, the safety of the vehicle is ensured, and the energy loss of the vehicle under the condition of power off is avoided. Specifically, when the vehicle is parked, the BOG in the liquefied gas storage tank 1 is completely input into the low-pressure buffer tank 3 through the first fluid communication flow path, and the pressure safety valve is installed, so that once the BOG gas pressure is ultrahigh, the pressure safety valve can be opened to protect the whole safety of the system. The second fluid communication flow path 5 is fed into the low-pressure storage tank 3, which has a large capacity enough to accommodate hydrogen gas in the lower on-vehicle liquid hydrogen storage tank, only after the pressure reaches a certain value by the pressure increasing valve 54. When the vehicle is restarted, the vehicle power module 2 may directly consume hydrogen gas in the low pressure hydrogen storage tank.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel supply apparatus for delivering fuel in a liquefied gas storage tank to a vehicle power module, characterized by:
the vehicle power system comprises at least two fluid communication flow paths communicated with a low-pressure gas cache module, wherein the low-pressure gas cache module is connected to a vehicle power module;
wherein the first fluid communication flow path is used for receiving boil-off gas BOG of the liquefied gas storage tank, and the second fluid communication flow path is used for receiving liquefied gas from the liquefied gas storage tank and heating the liquefied gas to form gasified gas;
a heat exchange flow path in heat transfer communication with the second fluid communication flow path is also included.
2. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the vehicle power module further comprises a high-pressure gas storage module for supplying high-pressure gas fuel to the vehicle power module.
3. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
one end of the first fluid communication flow path is connected to the top of the liquefied gas storage tank, a connecting port is arranged above the liquid level of the liquefied gas fuel, and the other end of the first fluid communication flow path is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module;
one end of the second fluid communication flow path is connected to the bottom of the liquefied gas storage tank, and the connecting port is arranged below the liquid level of the liquefied gas fuel; and the second fluid communication flow path is provided with a gasification module for gasifying the liquid fuel, and the gasified fuel flows to the low-pressure gas cache module.
4. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the low-pressure gas cache module comprises a low-pressure buffer tank and an adjustable gas supply unit which are arranged in series; an outlet combined valve and an inlet combined valve are respectively arranged at an outlet and an inlet of the low-pressure buffer tank; the boil-off gas BOG received by the first fluid communication flow path is connected into the low-pressure buffer tank through an inlet combination valve, and the other end of the second fluid communication flow path is connected to the inlet combination valve of the low-pressure buffer tank.
5. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the high-pressure gas storage module comprises a high-pressure storage tank and an adjustable gas supply unit which are arranged in series; the high pressure tank is provided with an outlet combination valve for connection to a vehicle power module.
6. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the gasification module is an evaporator; the second fluid communication flow path comprises a liquid stop valve, an evaporator, a heat exchanger and a booster valve which are sequentially arranged on the conducting pipeline; the evaporator is characterized by also comprising a liquid discharge valve, wherein a liquid discharge branch is arranged between the liquid stop valve and the evaporator, and the liquid discharge valve is arranged on the liquid discharge branch;
and/or;
a gas stop valve is arranged on the first fluid communication flow path; an exhaust branch is arranged on a pipeline between the gas stop valve and the inlet combination valve; and a pressure safety valve is arranged on the exhaust branch.
7. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the heat exchange flow path includes a heat exchanger having two fluid flow paths, wherein a first fluid flow path of the heat exchanger includes vaporized gas from the second fluid communication flow path, and a second fluid flow path of the heat exchanger is part of a vehicle power module cooling train.
8. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the heat exchanger is arranged in a second fluid communication flow path, the air inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the gasification module of the second fluid communication flow path to form a first fluid flow path, and the air outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure gas cache module;
the heat exchanger is also in heat transfer with the vehicle power module through a cooling medium loop, and a circulating pump is arranged on the cooling medium loop to form the fluid flow path II.
9. The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the vehicle power module comprises a fuel cell or a natural gas engine;
and/or;
the fuel in the liquefied gas storage tank is liquid hydrogen or liquefied natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas.
10. A vehicular power system with a fuel supply apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that:
comprises a fuel supply device and a vehicle power module; a high-pressure gas storage module and a low-pressure gas buffer module in the fuel supply device provide gaseous fuel for a vehicle power module; and a second fluid communication flow path in the fuel supply apparatus exchanges heat with the vehicle power module.
CN202010835465.4A 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 Fuel supply device and vehicle power system Pending CN111852692A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114659022A (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-24 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Vaporization system of liquid fuel and vehicle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114659022A (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-24 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Vaporization system of liquid fuel and vehicle

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