CN111850202B - Blast furnace inner shape adjusting method and blast furnace - Google Patents
Blast furnace inner shape adjusting method and blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111850202B CN111850202B CN202010622162.4A CN202010622162A CN111850202B CN 111850202 B CN111850202 B CN 111850202B CN 202010622162 A CN202010622162 A CN 202010622162A CN 111850202 B CN111850202 B CN 111850202B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blast furnace inner shape adjusting method and a blast furnace, wherein the adjusting method comprises the following steps: obtaining a design furnace belly angle alpha and a design furnace body angle beta of a furnace body of the blast furnace, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace belly, a furnace body and a furnace waist for connecting the furnace belly and the furnace body; determining an operation furnace belly angle alpha 'and an operation furnace body angle beta' of the blast furnace; determining the shape of the furnace bosh cooling wall according to the design furnace bosh angle alpha and the operation furnace bosh angle alpha ', and determining the shape of the furnace shell cooling wall according to the design furnace shell angle beta and the operation furnace shell angle beta'; fixing the hearth cooling wall to the inner hearth wall to adjust the hearth angle from the design hearth angle a to the operating hearth angle a'; and fixing the shaft cooling wall on the inner wall of the shaft to adjust the shaft angle from the design shaft angle beta to the operation shaft angle beta', so that the design inner shape of the blast furnace can be adjusted through the furnace bosh cooling wall and the shaft cooling wall, and the design inner shape of the blast furnace is matched with the operation inner shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smelting equipment, in particular to a blast furnace inner shape adjusting method and a blast furnace.
Background
The blast furnace is a high-temperature high-pressure large-scale reaction vessel for reducing and smelting iron ores and is also the leading process of the current molten iron production in China. The internal type of the blast furnace can be divided into six parts of a furnace throat, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly, a furnace hearth and a dead iron layer from top to bottom in sequence. The reasonable internal shape of the blast furnace meets the requirements of smelting process, and is beneficial to the implementation of the physicochemical reaction process in the furnace and the reasonable distribution of furnace burden and coal gas flow.
After being loaded into the furnace from the throat, the furnace burden is heated and expanded by high-temperature coal gas, and is gradually compressed and crushed in the descending process, so that the diameter of the furnace is gradually enlarged from the position below the throat in order to reduce the frictional resistance between the furnace burden and the furnace wall and increase the effective gravity of the descending. A zone with the largest cross section area is formed at the furnace waist to meet the requirements of the ore softening and air permeability deterioration and the coal gas movement. After entering the furnace bosh, the ore forms slag and iron drops, and only coke left in the furnace burden exists in a solid state, so that the volume of the furnace bosh becomes smaller, and therefore, the furnace bosh gradually shrinks to form a shape with a large top and a small bottom, which is reasonable, as shown in figure 1. Wherein, the furnace throat, the furnace waist and the furnace hearth are cylindrical, the furnace body and the furnace belly are frustum-shaped, alpha is a furnace belly angle, beta is a furnace body angle, D1 is the diameter of the furnace throat, D2 is the diameter of the furnace waist, D3 is the diameter of the furnace hearth, and H1-H6 sequentially represent the heights of the furnace throat, the furnace body, the furnace waist, the furnace belly, the furnace hearth and the dead iron layer.
According to the different thicknesses of blast furnace linings, blast furnace inner types can be divided into traditional 'thick-wall inner types' and current mainstream 'thin-wall inner types'. The 'thick-wall inner type' means that a refractory brick lining with a certain thickness is built from a furnace bosh to a hot surface of a furnace body cooler, the refractory brick lining is gradually eroded and damaged after the blast furnace is put into operation, the design inner type gradually evolves to an operation inner type, and generally, the design inner type is characterized in that a furnace body angle and a furnace bosh angle are reduced, and the diameter and the height of a furnace waist are increased. The thin-wall inner type is characterized in that refractory materials are not built from the furnace bosh to the furnace body, only one layer of cooling wall inlaid bricks is arranged, so that the designed furnace type is the actual furnace type from the beginning of production, and simultaneously, the furnace throat, the furnace waist, the diameter of the furnace hearth, the height of the furnace body, the furnace bosh and the furnace bosh as well as the furnace bosh angle and the furnace body angle in the first generation of furnace age are kept unchanged.
For the 'thick-wall inner type', the thickness of the furnace lining of the first generation of furnace age is in change, and the requirement of the operating furnace type can be gradually met through the passive change of the corrosion appearance of the furnace lining in most of the period of the furnace service, so that the designed furnace belly angle and the designed furnace body angle are gradually changed into the operating furnace belly angle and the operating furnace body angle which meet the requirements of the blast furnace for smooth operation and long service life, and better economic and technical indexes are further obtained. For the thin-wall furnace type, because the furnace type parameters are fixed, whether the operation furnace type is reasonable or not and whether good technical indexes can be obtained or not depend on the design of the furnace type before production to a great extent.
The existing newly-built 'thin-wall inner type' blast furnace usually refers to and refers to other advanced blast furnace schemes, but once the blast furnace is put into production, because the raw fuel conditions of each iron and steel enterprise are different, the equipment type selection is different, and the operation mode is different, the problem that the design inner type of the blast furnace is not matched with the operation inner type meeting the requirements of smooth operation and long service life of the blast furnace exists, the smooth operation of the blast furnace can be influenced, and the problems of cooling wall bonding and corrosion damage can also be caused. In the traditional method, after the first-generation furnace age of the blast furnace is required to be finished (generally 10-20 years), the furnace belly angle and the furnace body angle are redesigned through the overhaul and modification of the blast furnace, and the furnace shell needs to be integrally replaced. Therefore, a practical and flexible method is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a blast furnace inner type adjusting method and a blast furnace, and solves the technical problem that the design inner type and the operation inner type of a thin-wall blast furnace are not matched in the prior art.
The application provides a method for adjusting the internal shape of a blast furnace, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a design furnace belly angle alpha and a design furnace body angle beta of a furnace body of the blast furnace, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace belly, a furnace body and a furnace waist for connecting the furnace belly and the furnace body;
determining an operation furnace belly angle alpha 'and an operation furnace body angle beta' of the blast furnace;
determining the shape of the furnace bosh cooling wall according to the design furnace bosh angle alpha and the operation furnace bosh angle alpha ', and determining the shape of the furnace shell cooling wall according to the design furnace shell angle beta and the operation furnace shell angle beta';
fixing the hearth cooling wall to the inner hearth wall to adjust the hearth angle from the design hearth angle a to the operating hearth angle a';
fixing the shaft stave to the shaft inner wall to adjust the shaft angle from the design shaft angle β to the operating shaft angle β'.
Preferably, said determining the shape of the cooling stave according to the design and operating belly angles α', comprises:
and when the design furnace belly angle alpha is larger than the operation furnace belly angle alpha', determining that the thickness of one end of the furnace belly cooling wall close to the furnace waist is smaller than that of the other end of the furnace belly cooling wall.
Preferably, the shape of the cooling stave of the furnace belly is determined according to the design furnace belly angle α and the operating furnace belly angle α', and comprises:
and when the design furnace belly angle alpha is smaller than the operation furnace belly angle alpha', determining that the thickness of one end of the furnace belly cooling wall close to the furnace waist is larger than that of the other end of the furnace belly cooling wall.
Preferably, the shape of the cooling stave of the furnace shell is determined according to the design furnace shell angle β and the operating furnace shell angle β', and comprises:
and when the designed furnace body angle beta is larger than the operating furnace body angle beta', determining that the thickness of one end of the furnace body cooling wall close to the furnace waist is smaller than that of the other end.
Preferably, the shape of the cooling stave of the furnace shell is determined according to the design furnace shell angle β and the operating furnace shell angle β', and comprises:
and when the designed furnace body angle beta is smaller than the operating furnace body angle beta', determining that the thickness of one end of the furnace body cooling wall close to the furnace waist is larger than that of the other end.
The application also provides a blast furnace, the furnace body of the blast furnace comprises a furnace belly, a furnace body and a furnace waist for connecting the furnace belly and the furnace body, the furnace belly has a designed furnace belly angle alpha, and the furnace body has a designed furnace body angle beta;
the blast furnace also comprises a furnace bosh cooling wall fixed on the inner wall of the furnace bosh and a furnace body cooling wall fixed on the inner wall of the furnace body, wherein the shape of the furnace bosh cooling wall is determined according to the design furnace bosh angle alpha and the operation furnace bosh angle alpha ', and the shape of the furnace body cooling wall is determined according to the design furnace bosh angle beta and the operation furnace body angle beta'.
Preferably, when the design belly angle α is greater than the operating belly angle α', the thickness of the cooling wall of the belly is smaller at one end close to the waist than at the other end.
Preferably, when the design belly angle α is smaller than the operating belly angle α', the thickness of the cooling wall of the belly is greater at one end close to the waist than at the other end.
Preferably, when the design shell angle β is greater than the operating shell angle β', the thickness of the shell stave is smaller at one end close to the waist than at the other end.
Preferably, when the design shell angle β is smaller than the operating shell angle β', the thickness of the shell stave is greater at one end close to the waist than at the other end.
The beneficial effect of this application is as follows:
the furnace belly cooling wall is selected according to the design furnace belly angle alpha and the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the furnace body cooling wall is selected according to the design furnace body angle beta and the operation furnace body angle beta', the design inner type of the blast furnace can be adjusted through the furnace belly cooling wall and the furnace body cooling wall, the requirement of the operation inner type can be met by the actual inner type of the blast furnace, and the technical problems that in the prior art, the original fuel conditions of various steel enterprises are different, the equipment selection is different, the operation modes are different, and the requirement of the operation inner type is difficultly met by the design inner type of the blast furnace are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blast furnace;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for adjusting the internal shape of a blast furnace according to the present application;
fig. 3-6 are partial structural schematic diagrams of an internal type of a blast furnace.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a method for adjusting the inner shape of a blast furnace and the blast furnace, and solves the technical problem that the designed inner shape and the operated inner shape of a thin-wall blast furnace are not matched in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
the shape of the cooling wall of the furnace belly is determined according to the design furnace belly angle alpha and the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the shape of the cooling wall of the furnace body is determined according to the design furnace body angle beta and the operation furnace body angle beta', so that the design inner type of the blast furnace can be adjusted through the cooling wall of the furnace belly and the cooling wall of the furnace body, the actual furnace belly angle of the blast furnace can reach the operation furnace belly angle, the actual furnace body angle can reach the operation furnace body angle, the actual inner type of the blast furnace is matched with the operation inner type, and the technical problems that in the prior art, the original fuel conditions of various steel enterprises are different, the equipment selection is different, the operation modes are different, and the design inner type of the blast furnace is not matched with the operation inner type are solved.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example one
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the internal shape of a blast furnace according to the present application. As shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
step 110, a design belly angle α and a design shaft angle β of the blast furnace 100 are obtained.
The design belly angle α and the design shell angle β are the inclination angle of the side wall of the belly 11 and the inclination angle of the side wall of the shell 12 after the production of the furnace body 10 of the blast furnace 100, that is, the belly angle and the shell angle after the production of the furnace body 10.
Step 120, determining an operating belly angle α 'and an operating shaft angle β' of the blast furnace 100;
the furnace body 10 of the blast furnace 100 comprises a furnace bosh 11, a furnace body 12 and a furnace waist 13 connecting the furnace bosh 11 and the furnace body 12, wherein the diameter of the furnace body 12 is gradually enlarged, a region with the largest cross section area is formed at the furnace waist 13 so as to meet the requirements of ore softening and air permeability deterioration and gas movement, after the ore enters the furnace bosh 11, the ore forms slag and iron drops, only coke left in the furnace burden exists in a solid form, the volume is reduced, and therefore the furnace bosh 11 is gradually contracted to form a shape with a large top and a small bottom.
The furnace belly angle is an angle at which the side wall of the furnace belly 11 is inclined, and the furnace shell angle is an angle at which the side wall of the furnace shell 12 is inclined. The operation furnace belly angle alpha 'and the operation furnace body angle beta' are ideal furnace belly angle and furnace body angle required in the actual operation process, and the operation furnace belly angle alpha 'and the operation furnace body angle beta' can be adjusted and optimized according to the problems in the actual production of the blast furnace, such as bonding or breakage of a cooling wall and the like.
According to the design specification of the blast furnace, the belly angle alpha of the thin-wall inner type blast furnace is generally 75-78 degrees, and the shaft angle beta is generally 79-83 degrees. Because the design reference value has a certain range, when the design value is not in accordance with the actual requirement, the design value can be adjusted through the cooling wall when the blast furnace is used for overhauling.
Specifically, the order of step 110 and step 120 may be interchanged or performed simultaneously.
In step 130, the shape of the hearth cooling wall 111 is determined based on the design hearth angle α and the operating hearth angle α ', and the shape of the shaft cooling wall 121 is determined based on the operating shaft angle β' and the design shaft angle β.
After the shape of the hearth cooling wall 111 and the shape of the shell cooling wall 121 are determined, the hearth cooling wall 111 and the shell cooling wall 121 having the determined shapes are manufactured according to the determined shapes, the hearth cooling wall 111 is fixed to the inner hearth wall, and the shell cooling wall 121 is fixed to the inner hearth wall. Step 140 of fixing the hearth cooling wall 111 to the inner wall of the hearth 11 to adjust the hearth angle of the hearth 11 from the design hearth angle α to the operation hearth angle α ', that is, to adjust the hearth angle of the hearth 12 from the design hearth angle α to the operation hearth angle α ' by the shape of the hearth cooling wall 121, so that the actual hearth angle of the blast furnace can be matched to the operation hearth angle α ';
fixing the shaft cooling wall on the shaft inner wall to adjust the shaft angle of the shaft from the design shaft angle β to the operating shaft angle β ', the actual shaft angle of the blast furnace being able to match the operating shaft angle β ' by adjusting the shaft angle of the shaft from the design shaft angle β to the operating shaft angle β ' by the shape of the shaft cooling wall.
Specifically, the determining of the shape of the hearth cooling wall 111 according to the design hearth angle α and the operating hearth angle α' includes: when the design furnace belly angle alpha is larger than the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the thickness of one end, close to the furnace waist 13, of the furnace belly cooling wall is determined to be smaller than that of the other end, the other end is the end, far away from the furnace waist 13, of the furnace belly cooling wall, namely the furnace belly cooling wall is thin at the upper end and thick at the lower end, the furnace belly cooling wall with the thin upper end and the thick lower end is fixed on the furnace belly 11, the actual furnace belly angle is reduced from the design furnace belly angle alpha, and the operation furnace belly angle alpha' is adjusted to meet the use requirement, and is shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, the determining of the shape of the hearth cooling wall 111 according to the design hearth angle α and the operating hearth angle α' includes: when the design furnace belly angle alpha is smaller than the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the thickness of one end of the furnace belly cooling wall close to the furnace waist 13 is determined to be larger than that of the other end, the other end of the furnace belly cooling wall, which is the end far away from the furnace waist 13, namely the furnace belly cooling wall is thicker at the upper end and thinner at the lower end, and the furnace belly cooling wall with the thicker upper end and the thinner lower end is fixed on the furnace belly 11, so that the actual furnace belly angle is increased from the design furnace belly angle alpha and adjusted to the operation furnace belly angle alpha', and the use requirement is met, as shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, the determining the shape of the stack stave 121 according to the design stack angle β and the operating stack angle β' includes: when the designed furnace body angle β is larger than the operating furnace body angle β ', it is determined that the thickness of one end of the furnace body cooling wall close to the furnace waist 13 is smaller than that of the other end, that is, the other end of the furnace body cooling wall far from the furnace waist 13, that is, the upper end of the furnace body cooling wall is thick and the lower end is thin, and the actual furnace body angle is reduced from the designed furnace body angle β and adjusted to the operating furnace body angle β' by fixing the furnace body cooling wall with the thick upper end and the thin lower end on the furnace body cooling wall on the furnace body 12, so as to meet the use requirement, as shown in fig. 5.
Specifically, the determining of the shape of the stack stave 121 according to the operating stack angle β' and the design stack angle β includes: when the designed furnace body angle beta is smaller than the operation furnace body angle beta ', the thickness of one end, close to the furnace waist 13, of the furnace body cooling wall is determined to be larger than that of the other end, namely one end, far away from the furnace waist 13, of the furnace body cooling wall, namely the upper end of the furnace body cooling wall is thin and the lower end of the furnace body cooling wall is thick, and the furnace body cooling wall with the thin upper end and the thick lower end is fixed on the furnace body 12, so that the actual furnace body angle is reduced from the designed furnace body angle beta and is adjusted to the operation furnace body angle beta', and the use requirement is met, as shown in fig. 6.
The shape of the furnace belly cooling wall 111 is determined according to the design furnace belly angle alpha and the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the shape of the furnace body cooling wall 121 is determined according to the design furnace belly angle beta and the operation furnace body angle beta', the actual furnace belly angle is adjusted to the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the actual furnace body angle is adjusted to the operation furnace body angle beta', the inner shape of the blast furnace is matched with the operation inner shape, namely, the design inner shape of the blast furnace is adjusted through the furnace belly cooling wall 111 and the furnace body cooling wall 121, the requirement of the operation inner shape can be met by the inner shape of the blast furnace, and the technical problems that in the prior art, the original fuel conditions of various iron and steel enterprises are different, the equipment types are different, the operation modes are different, and the design inner shape of the blast furnace is not matched with the operation inner shape are solved.
For example, in the maintenance of the blast furnace, the flexible adjustment of the internal form of the blast furnace within the first generation furnace life is realized by changing the shape of the cooling wall, so that the requirement of reasonably operating the internal form is met, compared with the traditional method (after the first generation furnace life of the blast furnace is finished (generally 10-15 years), the furnace body and the cooling wall are replaced to redesign the furnace belly angle alpha and the furnace body angle beta, so that the technical index of the first generation furnace life is low), the adjustment of the furnace belly angle alpha and the furnace body angle beta through the thickness of the cooling wall has the characteristics of flexibility and quickness, when the blast furnace is put into production, a blast furnace operator can judge whether the designed internal form is matched with the operated internal form through the furnace condition, and when the blast furnace is stopped for maintenance, the designed internal form is adjusted through the shape of the cooling wall, so that the matching with the operated internal form can be realized, so that good economic and technical indexes are obtained, and the cost reduction and the efficiency improvement of enterprises are realized. It is possible to pass through the cooling wall,
such as: since the production of a certain blast furnace, the cooling wall of the furnace belly section and the tuyere section are seriously damaged. In general, stave damage can be caused by several factors: (1) the material has defects; (2) improper use and maintenance of the blast furnace; (3) the design parameters are unreasonable and cannot meet the requirement of operation internal type. After the blast furnace cooling wall is subjected to chemical inspection analysis and production log analysis, the blast furnace cooling wall is considered not to be caused by material defects and improper use and maintenance, and the damage reason is as follows: the inner shape formed by the hot surface of the cooling wall (the surface facing the inside of the furnace body) is not matched with the inner shape of the blast furnace operation. Specifically, the design of the furnace belly angle alpha is larger than the operation furnace belly angle alpha', so that the surface of the cooling wall is difficult to hang and form slag crust, and when the slag crust falls off due to the fluctuation of furnace conditions, the cooling wall is easy to corrode and damage under the flushing of high-temperature gas flow and iron slag flow.
In order to solve the problems, the special-shaped cooling wall with thin upper end and thick lower end is adopted, so that the furnace belly angle of the blast furnace can be reduced. The design furnace belly angle of the blast furnace is 81.64 degrees, according to the recommendation of blast furnace design-iron making process design theory and practice, the furnace belly angle range of the thin-wall blast furnace is 75-78 degrees, meanwhile, according to the number of the blast furnace belly cooling walls being 44, a series of furnace belly cooling walls with thin upper ends and thick lower ends are manufactured by taking 81.64 degrees as the upper limit and 75 degrees as the lower limit, after all the cooling walls are safe to the furnace belly, the improved furnace belly angles formed by the hot surfaces of the cooling walls are arranged in an arithmetic progression from large to small, namely 81.64 degrees, 81.49 degrees and 81.34 degrees … … 75.04 degrees, and the cooling walls are arranged on the inner surface of the furnace belly by utilizing the opportunity of stopping the blast furnace for overhaul. After the blast furnace is recovered and produced, temperature measurement data of the cooling walls are taken, wherein the temperatures of two cooling walls with the furnace belly angles of 79.99 degrees and 79.84 degrees are most stable, the temperature fluctuation interval is between 0 and 5 ℃, the temperature fluctuation interval of the other cooling walls is larger, and the temperature fluctuation interval fluctuates between 0 and 10 ℃, which shows that the slag skins on the surfaces of the two cooling walls with the angles of 79.99 degrees and 79.84 degrees are most stable, namely, the inner shape of the blast furnace with the furnace belly angle of 79.99-79.84 degrees can most meet the requirement of the inner shape of the blast furnace. Therefore, the average 79.92 ° of 79.99 ° and 79.84 ° was taken as the next step of improving the furnace belly angle, and up to this point, the operating furnace belly angle α' of the blast furnace was determined.
The method comprises the steps of additionally manufacturing 44 cooling walls with thin upper ends and thick lower ends of the cooling walls with the size of the cooling walls meeting the operating furnace belly angle alpha', dismantling the original cooling walls by utilizing the next overhaul opportunity of the blast furnace, installing the cooling walls with the furnace belly angle of 79.92 degrees at the furnace belly part, matching the actual inner shape of the blast furnace with the operating inner shape after the improvement is adopted, improving the stability of slag skins on the surface of the cooling walls of the furnace belly, thoroughly solving the damage phenomenon of the cooling walls of the furnace belly and a furnace hearth, and greatly relieving the damage phenomenon of the cooling walls after the blast furnace is inspected and repaired.
In another example, since a certain blast furnace is put into operation, the bonding phenomenon of the cooling wall of the furnace body often occurs. In general, stave bonding can be caused by several factors: (1) improper material distribution system; (2) improper air supply system; (3) the design parameters are unreasonable and cannot meet the requirement of operation internal type. After the production log of the blast furnace is analyzed, the reason that the cooling wall of the blast furnace body is bonded is considered to be that: the inner shape formed by the hot surface of the cooling wall (the surface facing the inside of the furnace body) is not matched with the inner shape of the blast furnace operation. Specifically, the furnace belly beta is designed to be larger than the operating furnace body angle beta', so that furnace burden at the edge of the cooling wall is not lowered smoothly, and the bonding phenomenon frequently occurs.
Aiming at the problems, the special-shaped cooling wall with thick upper end and thin lower end is adopted, so that the furnace body angle of the blast furnace can be reduced. The designed furnace body angle of the blast furnace is 83.46 degrees, according to the recommendation of blast furnace design-iron making process design theory and practice, the range of the thin-wall blast furnace body angle is 79-83 degrees, and simultaneously, according to the number of the blast furnace body cooling walls being 44, a series of furnace body cooling walls with thick upper ends and thin lower ends are manufactured by taking 83.46 degrees as the upper limit and 79 degrees as the lower limit, so that after each cooling wall is safe to the furnace body, the improved furnace body angles formed by the hot surfaces of the cooling walls are arranged in an arithmetic progression from large to small, namely, 83.46 degrees, 83.36 degrees, 83.26 degrees and … … 79.16.16 degrees in sequence, and the cooling walls are arranged on the furnace body by utilizing the opportunity of blast furnace shutdown maintenance. After the blast furnace is recovered and produced, temperature measurement data of the cooling walls are taken, wherein the temperatures of the two cooling walls with furnace body angle angles of 81.66 degrees and 81.56 degrees are most stable, the temperature fluctuation interval is between 0 and 5 ℃, the temperature fluctuation interval of the other cooling walls is larger, and the temperature fluctuation interval fluctuates between 0 and 10 ℃, which shows that the slag on the surfaces of the two cooling walls with the angles of 81.66 degrees and 81.56 degrees is most stable, namely the inner shape of the blast furnace with the furnace body angle of 81.66 degrees and 81.56 degrees can most meet the requirement of the inner shape of the blast furnace operation. The average value of 81.66 ° and 81.56 ° of 81.61 ° is used as the next step for improving the shaft angle, and the shaft angle β' of the blast furnace operation is determined.
44 pieces of the shaft staves having a thick upper end and a thin lower end were separately produced in accordance with the stave size satisfying the operating shaft angle β', and the original staves were removed by the next opportunity of maintenance of the blast furnace, and the stave having the shaft angle of 81.61 degrees was attached to the shaft portion. After the improvement is adopted, the design inner shape and the operation inner shape of the blast furnace are matched with each other, the bonding phenomenon of the cooling wall of the furnace body is greatly reduced, and the economic and technical indexes of the blast furnace are improved.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the present application provides a blast furnace 100, wherein a furnace body 10 of the blast furnace 100 comprises a furnace bosh 11, a furnace shell 12 and a furnace waist 13 connecting the furnace bosh 11 and the furnace shell 12, the furnace bosh 11 has a designed furnace bosh angle alpha, and the furnace shell 12 has a designed furnace shell angle beta.
The design belly angle α and the design shell angle β are the inclination angle of the side wall of the belly 11 and the inclination angle of the side wall of the shell 12 after the production of the furnace body 10 of the blast furnace 100, that is, the belly angle and the shell angle after the production of the furnace body 10.
The blast furnace further comprises a furnace bosh stave 111 fixed to the inner wall of the bosh and a shaft stave 121 fixed to the inner wall of the shaft. The shape of the belly cooling wall 111 is determined according to the design and operating belly angles α, and the shape of the shell cooling wall 121 is determined according to the design and operating shell angles β, β'.
The operating furnace belly angle alpha 'and the operating furnace body angle beta' are ideal furnace belly angles and furnace body angles required in the actual operation process, and the operating furnace belly angle alpha 'and the operating furnace body angle beta' can be determined or adjusted according to the actual production condition of the blast furnace.
Specifically, when the design belly angle α is larger than the operating belly angle α', the thickness of the belly stave is smaller at one end close to the waist than at the other end, as shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, when the design belly angle α is smaller than the operating belly angle α', the thickness of the belly stave is greater at one end near the waist than at the other end, as shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, when the design shell angle β is larger than the operating shell angle β', the thickness of the shell stave is smaller at one end near the waist than at the other end, as shown in fig. 5.
Specifically, when the design shell angle β is smaller than the operating shell angle β', the thickness of the shell stave is greater at one end near the waist than at the other end, as shown in fig. 6.
The shape of the furnace belly cooling wall 111 is determined according to the design furnace belly angle alpha and the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the shape of the furnace body cooling wall 121 is determined according to the operation furnace body angle beta' and the design furnace body angle beta, so that the actual furnace body angle is adjusted to the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', the actual furnace belly angle is adjusted to the operation furnace body angle beta', the inner shape of the blast furnace is matched with the operation inner shape, namely the design inner shape of the blast furnace is adjusted through the furnace belly cooling wall 111 and the furnace body cooling wall 121, and the actual inner shape of the blast furnace can meet the requirement of the operation inner shape.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (2)
1. A method for adjusting the internal shape of a thin-walled internal type blast furnace, comprising:
obtaining a design furnace belly angle alpha and a design furnace body angle beta of a furnace body of the blast furnace, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace belly, a furnace body and a furnace waist for connecting the furnace belly and the furnace body;
determining an operation furnace belly angle alpha 'and an operation furnace body angle beta' of the blast furnace;
determining the shape of the furnace bosh cooling wall according to the design furnace bosh angle alpha and the operation furnace bosh angle alpha ', and determining the shape of the furnace shell cooling wall according to the design furnace shell angle beta and the operation furnace shell angle beta', specifically comprising the following steps: when the design furnace belly angle alpha is larger than the operation furnace belly angle alpha', determining that the thickness of one end of the furnace belly cooling wall close to the furnace waist is smaller than that of the other end; when the design furnace belly angle alpha is smaller than the operation furnace belly angle alpha ', determining that the thickness of one end, close to the furnace waist, of the furnace belly cooling wall is larger than that of the other end of the furnace belly cooling wall, when the design furnace body angle beta is larger than the operation furnace body angle beta ', determining that the thickness of one end, close to the furnace waist, of the furnace body cooling wall is smaller than that of the other end of the furnace body cooling wall, and when the design furnace body angle beta is smaller than the operation furnace body angle beta ', determining that the thickness of one end, close to the furnace waist, of the furnace body cooling wall is larger than that of the other end of the furnace body cooling wall;
fixing the hearth cooling wall to the inner hearth wall to adjust the hearth angle from the design hearth angle a to the operating hearth angle a';
fixing the shaft stave to the shaft inner wall to adjust the shaft angle from the design shaft angle β to the operating shaft angle β'.
2. A blast furnace, characterized in that the body of the blast furnace comprises a belly, a shaft and a waist connecting the belly and the shaft, the belly having a design belly angle α and the shaft having a design shaft angle β;
the blast furnace further comprises a hearth cooling wall fixed to the inner wall of the hearth and a shell cooling wall fixed to the inner wall of the shell, the shapes of the hearth cooling wall and the shell cooling wall being determined according to the inside shape adjustment method of claim 1.
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