CN111848120B

CN111848120B - Process for preparing cup of golden thread

Info

Publication number: CN111848120B
Application number: CN202010559953.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴周福
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-18
Filing date: 2020-06-18
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-18
Also published as: CN111848120A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a witch hazel calendula, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blank raw material, a main body glaze slip and a bottom glaze slip, and performing blank drawing, forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank raw material to obtain a blank; cleaning and drying the blank; firstly, body glaze slip is applied, and then bottom glaze slip is applied; and (4) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting. The cup-building glaze prepared by the invention is neat in a plurality of flower spot shapes, the flower spots are gathered, strung and dripped, the strung is mainly used, the strung is strip-shaped, thicker than the pekoe and longer than the dripping, the length is between the pekoe and the dripping, the strung is clear in texture and strong in stereoscopic impression. The glaze surface is mainly purple golden, various colors are mutually reflected, the color is bright, the glaze surface is sparkling, the opening edge is golden and moist, a plurality of glaze tears are formed at the bottom, the glaze tears are thick, and the aesthetic feeling is enhanced.

Description

Process for preparing cup of golden thread

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, in particular to a preparation process of a golden thread pot marigold.

Background

The cup is a black porcelain, is known as 'black pearl' on the crown of porcelain, and one of eight famous Chinese porcelains in Song Dynasty is called cup and is a tea set for imperial use in the royalty of Song time because the origin is in the manbuilt Ann county of Song Jian Zhou. So far, the ceramic tile is still regarded as a national treasure by Japanese, and attracts a plurality of consumers and ceramic collectors at home and abroad.

The main types of the built calendula are rabbit milli calendula and oil calendula, and the currently reported method for preparing the built calendula has the following limitations: firstly, the selection of the formula and the control of the temperature are not clear, and the yield is low; secondly, the glaze of the building cup has common color and low innovation.

In addition, the process for building the cup is special, belongs to iron series crystal glaze, and is characterized in that thick glaze (the thickness of the glaze is 0.5-0.8mm) and normal firing (the edge of the cup faces upwards), glaze water flows downwards when the cup is fired at high temperature, glaze at the edge of the cup building is thin and brown, and the blank exposure can be seen seriously even when the cup building is hidden, which is called as the dry-edge phenomenon. When the user touches the edge of the mouth with hands, the user feels a slightly rough feeling, the lip feeling is affected when the user uses the mouth, and if the range of the dry mouth is too large, the mouth is easy to rust after the user uses the mouth for a long time. And because of the normal firing, the glaze water flows downwards, the flowing degree is difficult to control, the flowing glaze is irregular, the flowing glaze is easy to stick to the bottom, and the cup is scrapped, and at least half of scrapped products are scrapped due to the fact that the glaze sticks to the bottom.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation process of golden thread building cup, which has beautiful and novel stripes, golden and moist edges, no glaze flowing and bottom sticking and high yield.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the preparation process of the golden thread Jianzhan comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a blank raw material, a main body glaze slip and a bottom glaze slip, wherein,

the green body raw material is prepared by the following method: mixing 3 parts by weight of laterite and 7 parts by weight of kaolin, crushing, elutriating, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, performing filter pressing, refining mud and ageing to obtain a blank raw material;

the main body glaze slip is prepared by the following method: mixing 6 parts by weight of glaze ore, 0.5 part by weight of plant ash, 0.5 part by weight of potassium feldspar, 0.2 part by weight of talc and 0.5 part by weight of anorthite, adding water, putting into a ball mill, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and adjusting the concentration to 50 Be to obtain main body glaze slurry;

the bottom glaze slip is prepared by the following method: mixing 6 parts by weight of glaze ore, 0.5 part by weight of plant ash, 0.5 part by weight of potassium feldspar, 0.2 part by weight of talc and 0.5 part by weight of anorthite, adding water, putting into a ball mill, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and adjusting the concentration to 70 degrees Be to obtain bottom glaze slurry;

the laterite is taken from the Mitsukui village of Jianyang district, Jizhen, of Nanping City, Fujian province; the kaolin is taken from the Shuijizhan mountain village in Jianyang district of Nanping city of Fujian province, and the glaze ore is taken from the Nanlin village in Jianyang district of Nanping city of Fujian province;

(2) carrying out throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank raw material to obtain a blank; cleaning and drying the blank; in the step, the blank body is cleaned, so that impurity and dust can be removed, and the binding property of the blank glaze is improved; the good combination property of the blank glaze can obtain smooth glaze surface, and the beauty of the product is improved.

(3) Glazing: firstly, pouring the body glaze slip into a body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the body into the body glaze slip, soaking for 5-7s, not glazing the outer bottom of the body, and drying in the air;

applying bottom glaze slip, adopting a writing brush to point the bottom glaze slip at intervals at the lower edge of the main body glaze slip to form glaze tears, wherein the central points of the glaze tears are positioned on the lower edge of the main body glaze slip, and airing;

the glazing thickness of the main body glaze slip is 0.2-0.4mm, and the glazing thickness of the bottom glaze slip is 1.2-1.5 times of the glazing thickness of the main body glaze slip;

the application of the bottom glaze slip has a drainage effect, can reduce the irregularity of the whole glaze flow, can not cause the glaze flow to stick to the bottom, can obtain a plurality of glaze tears and enhances the aesthetic feeling;

(4) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:

the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is increased from normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 hours;

and a second stage: the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 h;

and a third stage: after heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h at 1300 ℃, first-time firewood is put in the heat preservation state, and the dosage of the first-time firewood is 120g per cubic meter of kiln space; after the first-time firewood feeding is finished, the temperature of the kiln is increased to 1310 ℃ after 5min, and then the second-time firewood is fed, wherein the using amount of the second-time firewood is 200g per cubic meter of kiln space;

the glaze surface at this stage appears with hair, thread and drop, and the thread is mainly thread, the thread is strip-shaped, thicker than hair and longer than drop, between hair and drop.

A fourth stage: after the second diesel is fed, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, when the temperature of the furnace is reduced by 35 ℃ (10-15min), the furnace door is opened to the maximum, and a fan is adopted for strong temperature reduction; the cup building edge is golden and moist in the stage, the mouth is not dried, and the glaze surface in the subsequent stage is bright in color.

The fifth stage: when the temperature of the kiln falls to 1040 ℃, closing the kiln door, feeding firewood, feeding once at intervals of 5min, wherein the consumption of the firewood per time is 160g per cubic meter of kiln space, and feeding 3 times in total;

in the stage, the glaze surface is mainly purple gold, multiple colors are mutually reflected, the texture of the strand is clear, and the stereoscopic impression is strong;

the sixth stage: and after the last diesel oil is fed for 20min, the kiln door is opened to the maximum, when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 800 ℃, the kiln door is closed, the kiln is powered on, the temperature is raised to 1050 ℃ after 1h, the kiln is powered off and stopped, and the good glaze color is kept at this stage.

Naturally cooling and drawing out the kiln.

Preferably, the number of glaze tears is 8-12.

Preferably, the plant ash is prepared by the following method: mixing 8-10 parts by weight of pine, 2-3 parts by weight of rice hull and 1-1.5 parts by weight of walnut shell, and calcining at high temperature to obtain plant ash.

Preferably, the biscuit firing in the step (2) is to raise the temperature of the kiln from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at a constant speed for 2h, keep the temperature at 800 ℃ for 6h, shut down the kiln and cool.

The firewood of the invention, also called pine root and pine root, is rich in turpentine and can be burnt violently at high temperature. The firewood for feeding is fed from the kiln hole, and the kiln hole is opened only when the firewood for feeding is fed, and is closed at other times.

The plant ash provided by the invention has rich types of trace elements, can complement each other and improves the color and the flavor of the glaze.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the main body glaze layer of the cup-building prepared by the invention is thin, the glaze layer is neatly integrated with a plurality of flower spot shapes, and the glaze layer is mainly in the shape of a strand which is thicker than a millimeter and longer than a drop and is between the millimeter and the drop; the texture of the strand is clear, and the stereoscopic impression is strong. The glaze surface is mainly purple golden, various colors are mutually reflected, the color is bright, the glaze surface is sparkling, the edge of the glaze surface is golden and moist, glaze does not flow at the bottom and adheres to the bottom, multiple drops of glaze tears are formed, the glaze tears are thick, and the aesthetic feeling is enhanced.

2. The invention has clear process flows such as formula, firing atmosphere, temperature curve and the like, is easy to control, has good stability and higher yield.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of a cup according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a drawing of the glazing in step (3) of example 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the invention, all parts and percentages are weight units, and all equipment, raw materials and the like can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the industry, if not specified. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

the bottom glaze slurry is prepared by the following method: mixing 6 parts by weight of glaze ore, 0.5 part by weight of plant ash, 0.5 part by weight of potassium feldspar, 0.2 part by weight of talc and 0.5 part by weight of anorthite, adding water, putting into a ball mill, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and adjusting the concentration to 70 degrees Be to obtain bottom glaze slurry;

the glaze ore mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 60-65％，Al₂O₃ 18-20％，Fe₂O₃8-10％。

The plant ash is prepared by the following method: mixing 8-10 parts by weight of pine, 2-3 parts by weight of rice hull and 1-1.5 parts by weight of walnut shell, and calcining at high temperature to obtain plant ash.

(2) Performing blank drawing and forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank raw material to obtain a blank; cleaning and drying the blank;

the biscuit firing is that the temperature of the kiln is uniformly increased from normal temperature to 800 ℃ after 2 hours, the temperature is kept at 800 ℃ for 6 hours, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.

referring to fig. 4, applying bottom glaze slurry, using a writing brush to dot-paint the bottom glaze slurry at intervals on the lower edge of the main body glaze slurry to form tears, wherein the central points of the tears are located on the lower edge of the main body glaze slurry, and the tears are 10 in number and dried;

the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is raised from normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 hours;

and a second stage: the temperature of the kiln is increased from 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 hours;

and a third stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1.5h, and then adding primary firewood under the heat preservation state, wherein the dosage of the primary firewood is 120g per cubic meter of kiln space; after the first-time firewood feeding is finished, the temperature of the kiln is increased to 1310 ℃ after 5min, and then the second-time firewood is fed, wherein the using amount of the second-time firewood is 200g per cubic meter of kiln space;

a fourth stage: after the second diesel is fed, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, when the temperature of the furnace is reduced by 35 ℃ (10-15min), the furnace door is opened to the maximum, and a fan is adopted for strong cooling;

and a sixth stage: and (3) after the last diesel oil is fed for 20min, opening the kiln door to the maximum, closing the kiln door when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 800 ℃, electrifying the kiln, heating to 1050 ℃ after 1h, cutting off the power, stopping the kiln, naturally cooling, and discharging from the kiln.

In the embodiment, the kiln with the inner space of 0.68 cubic meter is adopted for firing, and the area of the kiln door is about 0.8 square meter. And (3) building 12 pieces of cups in the kiln, and obtaining 10 pieces of good-quality cups after firing and discharging from the kiln, wherein the yield is 83.33%.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the cup obtained in this embodiment has a glaze with various flower spots, and the glaze is mainly in the form of strands, the strands are long strips, thicker than the strands and longer than the drops, and the strands are between the strands and the drops, and have clear texture and strong stereoscopic impression. The glaze surface is mainly purple golden, various colors are mutually reflected, the color is bright, the edge of the glaze is golden and moist, a plurality of drops of glaze tears are formed at the bottom, the glaze tears are thick, and the aesthetic feeling is enhanced.

Example 2 and example 3

The cup is very sensitive to the preparation process parameters, and the small range change of the process parameters can cause great adverse effect on the characteristics of the cup, such as the appearance and the like of the final product, even cause the cup to fail in preparation, so the requirement of the cup on the preparation process is very strict. The embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 prepare the marigold according to the preparation process same as the embodiment 1, the characteristics of the marigold prepared by the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are basically similar to the marigold prepared by the embodiment 1, and the result shows that the yield of the marigold prepared by the preparation process of the embodiment 1 is high, and the method has good repeatability, strong stability and easy scale production.

The cup building is very sensitive to preparation process parameters, and small-range changes of process steps or process parameters can also cause great adverse effects on the characteristics of the appearance and the like of a cup building final product, even cause cup building preparation failure.

The specific comparison is as follows:

comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the third stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

and a third stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1.5h, and then adding primary firewood under the heat preservation state, wherein the dosage of the primary firewood is 120g per cubic meter of kiln space; after the first-time diesel oil feeding is finished, feeding the second-time diesel oil at intervals of 5min in a heat preservation state, wherein the dosage of the second-time diesel oil is 200g per cubic meter of kiln space;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has a large number of glaze oil drops, is integrally changed into the cup, and has little difference from the flower spots of the traditional cup.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the third stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

and a third stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1.5h, and then adding 120g of diesel oil in each cubic meter of kiln space under the heat preservation state;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has a large number of glaze silks, becomes a rabbit hair cup as a whole, and has little difference from the traditional rabbit hair cup with flower spots.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the fourth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

a fourth stage: after the second diesel oil feeding, cutting off the power and stopping the furnace, opening the furnace door to the maximum when the temperature of the furnace is reduced by 50 ℃, and strongly reducing the temperature by adopting a fan;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has dry mouth edge and is not moist enough.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the fourth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

a fourth stage: after the second diesel oil feeding, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, when the temperature of the furnace is reduced by 20 ℃, the door of the furnace is opened to the maximum, and a fan is adopted for strong cooling;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has the advantages of no golden color on the edge and dark color.

Comparative example 5

Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

the fifth stage: when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1100 ℃, closing the kiln door, feeding firewood, feeding once at intervals of 5min, wherein the consumption of the firewood per time is 160g per cubic meter of kiln space, and feeding 3 times in total;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has dark glaze and is not shiny.

Comparative example 6

Comparative example 6 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

and a fifth stage: when the temperature of the kiln falls to 1000 ℃, closing the kiln door, feeding firewood, feeding once at intervals of 5min, wherein the consumption of the firewood per time is 160g per cubic meter of kiln space, and feeding 3 times in total;

the cup obtained by the comparative example has the advantages of over-flat glaze, unclear texture of the glaze strands and poor stereoscopic impression.

Comparative example 7

Comparative example 7 differs from example 1 in that: the sixth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

the sixth stage: and after the last diesel oil is fed for 20min, the door of the kiln is opened to the maximum, when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 800 ℃, the door of the kiln is closed, the kiln is powered on, the temperature is raised to 1100 ℃ after 1h, the kiln is powered off and stopped, and the color of the glaze surface is kept well at this stage.

The cup obtained by the comparative example has a blackish glaze surface and no aesthetic feeling.

Comparative example 8

Comparative example 8 differs from example 1 in that: the sixth stage of the step (4) is specifically as follows:

and a sixth stage: and after the last diesel oil is fed for 20min, the kiln door is opened to the maximum, when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 800 ℃, the kiln door is closed, the kiln is powered on, the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ after 1h, the kiln is powered off and stopped, and the color of the glaze surface is kept well at this stage.

The cup obtained by the comparative example has blue-white glaze, is not golden and has poor color sense.

Comparative example 9

Comparative example 9 differs from example 1 in that:

step (1) bottom glaze slip is not prepared;

glazing in step (3): pouring the main body glaze slip into the body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the body, soaking for 5-7s in the main body glaze slip, and airing without glazing the outer bottom of the body;

the cup built according to the comparison example has irregular outer bottom glaze flowing, more discarded products with flowing glaze sticking to the bottom are generated, 12 cup built in the kiln, 5 good product cup built after firing and discharging from the kiln are obtained, and the yield is greatly reduced.

Comparative example 10

Comparative example 10 differs from example 1 in that:

the concentration of the bottom glaze slip is consistent with that of the main body glaze slip (namely the bottom glaze slip is the same as the main body glaze slip);

the cup obtained by the comparative example has no glaze tears, cannot play a drainage role, and has uneven downward flow at the bottom of the main body glaze slip.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The preparation process of the witchhazel marigold is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the laterite is taken from the Mitsukui village of Jianyang district, Jizhen, of Nanping City, Fujian province; the kaolin is taken from the Shuijizhan mountain village in the Jianyang district of Nanping city in Fujian province, and the glaze ore is taken from the Nanlin village in the Jianyang district of Nanping city in Fujian province;

(2) carrying out throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank raw material to obtain a blank; cleaning and drying the blank;

(3) glazing: firstly, pouring the body glaze slip into a blank body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the blank body, soaking for 5-7s in the body glaze slip, not glazing the outer bottom of the blank body, and drying;

a fourth stage: after the second diesel oil feeding, the furnace is cut off, when the temperature of the furnace is reduced by 35 ℃, the furnace door is opened to the maximum, and a fan is adopted for strong cooling;

the sixth stage: and after the last diesel oil is fed for 20min, opening a kiln door to the maximum, closing the kiln door when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 800 ℃, electrifying the kiln, heating to 1050 ℃ after 1h, cutting off the power, stopping the kiln, naturally cooling, and discharging from the kiln.

2. A process for preparing marigold according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the number of glaze tears is 8-12.

3. A process for preparing marigold according to claim 1, wherein: the plant ash is prepared by the following method: mixing 8-10 parts by weight of pine, 2-3 parts by weight of rice hull and 1-1.5 parts by weight of walnut shell, and calcining at high temperature to obtain plant ash.

4. The cup of claim 1, wherein: and (3) biscuit firing in the step (2) is that the temperature of the kiln is uniformly increased from normal temperature to 800 ℃ after 2 hours, the temperature is kept at 800 ℃ for 6 hours, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.