CN111847970B - Preparation and application of concrete toughening and anti-permeability additive - Google Patents
Preparation and application of concrete toughening and anti-permeability additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN111847970B CN111847970B CN202010551246.3A CN202010551246A CN111847970B CN 111847970 B CN111847970 B CN 111847970B CN 202010551246 A CN202010551246 A CN 202010551246A CN 111847970 B CN111847970 B CN 111847970B
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 60
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a concrete toughening and anti-permeability additive. Introducing steel fiber and straw fiber, and uniformly stirring by adopting a cement mortar stirrer to prepare the toughening and anti-permeability concrete additive. The toughened impervious concrete additive prepared by the method can simultaneously play excellent toughening and impervious properties, has the characteristics of good economy, simple and convenient preparation method, environmental protection and can bring remarkable economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, relates to a concrete additive, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a concrete toughening and anti-permeability additive.
Background
The cement concrete has been applied to civil engineering structures since 150 years ago due to the characteristics of easy availability of raw materials, convenient construction, low manufacturing cost and the like, and gradually becomes one of the most widely used engineering materials with the largest use amount in engineering construction. However, the inherent defects of poor toughness and easy cracking of concrete as a brittle material limit the application of the concrete. In recent years, with the continuous emergence of new materials, the lightweight aggregate concrete is toughened
The field of embrittlement reduction has made a certain progress. The results of the existing researchers carrying out toughening research on the fly ash ceramsite concrete by adopting polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers show that the toughness of the lightweight aggregate concrete is improved to a certain extent after the fiber reinforced material is doped.
Currently, improving the anti-seepage performance has become a hot spot of channel concrete modification research. Researches show that the seepage-proofing effect of concrete can be effectively improved by adding rubber waste into common cement mortar. As can be seen from the current results, most scholars are unilateral in the research on the toughening and impermeability of concrete, and do not discover the success of preparing an additive capable of simultaneously improving the toughness and impermeability of concrete. The toughening impervious concrete additive prepared by the method disclosed by the invention combines different advantages of rubber, steel fiber and straw fiber, and has the characteristics of excellent performance, simple and convenient preparation method, greenness and environmental friendliness. Can bring remarkable economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a rubber/fiber concrete additive based on the deficiency of the performance of the existing concrete toughening anti-seepage material, and solves the problems of single performance, no environmental protection and the like of the existing additive.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
(1) adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder;
(2) preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed in the step (1) into a surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the water bath heating of 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain surface modified rubber particles;
(3) the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
(4) And (4) doping the additive prepared in the step (3) into cement mortar, testing the rigidity, deflection, splitting tensile strength, cube compressive strength, tensile-compression ratio (splitting tensile strength and cube compressive strength) and average penetration height of the cement mortar, and systematically evaluating the toughening and anti-permeability performance of the additive.
The invention principle is as follows: the surface activity of the rubber particles is activated through the infiltration effect of the ethyl acetate solution, and then the surface polarity of the rubber particles is regulated and controlled through the reflection of hydroxyl on the ethanolamine component of the modified solution, so that the rubber particles are more suitable for the cement-based environment. The wear resistance of the rubber particles is effectively improved through the coupling and infiltration effects of the coupling agent. The size of the rubber particles can be effectively controlled by adjusting the mixing amount of the methyl cellulose. The toughening and anti-permeability additive which takes the modified rubber, the steel fiber and the straw fiber as main components is prepared by utilizing different characteristics of the rubber and the fiber. The toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the invention has excellent toughening and anti-permeability performance, and the tension-compression ratio is as follows: 0.094, average barrier height: 6.3mm.
In the step (1), the rubber powder is prepared by mechanically crushing waste tires, and the concentration of ethyl acetate in an ethyl acetate solution is 1% of the mass of water.
In the step (2), the concentration of the ethanolamine is 1-5%. Hydroxyl in the molecular structure of the ethanolamine can obviously affect the surface groups of rubber particles, and the polarity of the rubber powder is regulated and controlled by regulating the concentration of the ethanolamine, so that the rubber powder is more suitable for cement-based environment.
In the step (2), the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 0.01-0.1%. The degree of protonation of ethanolamine groups is determined by the alkalinity of the solution, and is important for the surface modification of rubber particles.
In the step (2), the concentration of the coupling agent is 0.05-3%. The coupling agent can effectively improve the wear resistance of the rubber particles through the coupling and infiltration effects of the coupling agent.
The concentration of the methyl cellulose in the step (2) is 1-5%. Methylcellulose is a common adhesive, and the size of rubber particles can be effectively controlled by adjusting the mixing amount of the methylcellulose.
The mass ratio of the steel fibers to the straw fibers in the step (3) is respectively as follows: 1:3, 2:2, 3: 1. The steel fiber has good early toughening performance, but is easy to rust in the later period so that the performance is greatly reduced; the straw fiber has the characteristics of economy, environmental protection and good long-acting property. By adjusting the ratio of the two, the combination of the best performance is searched.
In the step (4), the mixing amount of the toughening and impervious additive is 6 percent of the mass of the cement.
Effects and advantages are as follows: compared with the prior art, the toughening and anti-permeability additive provided by the invention has the advantages that the anti-permeability performance of the modified rubber is exerted, and simultaneously, the steel fiber and the straw fiber are introduced, so that the concrete adopting the additive has good anti-permeability performance and toughness, specifically:
1. good economy: the rubber particles adopted by the invention are from waste tires, the straw fibers are from agricultural production wastes, the raw material cost is extremely low, and the processing is simple and convenient.
2. The performance is excellent: compared with the existing additive with single performance, the additive prepared by the invention has the anti-permeability of modified rubber and the toughening performance of fiber, can effectively improve the toughening anti-permeability of cement and materials, and has the following tensile-compression ratio by detection: 0.094, average barrier height: 6.3mm.
3. Green and environment-friendly: compared with common high molecular polymer fiber materials, the straw fiber is made from agricultural production waste, can be naturally degraded, and is green and pollution-free.
Detailed Description
The following are examples of the present invention, and the specific examples are used to describe the present invention without limiting the present invention.
Example 1
Preparing a toughening and impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of heating in a water bath at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 0.01% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 0.05% of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 1:3 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 0.83MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 15MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.055, average barrier height: 13mm.
Example 2
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into a dilute ethyl acetate solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain the deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 2.5% of the solution concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentration was 0.5% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent was 1.5% of the solution concentration. The methylcellulose concentration was 3% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 1:3 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 1.1MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 14.5MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.076, average barrier height: the result shows that the toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the method has good toughening and anti-permeability performance.
Example 3
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into a dilute ethyl acetate solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain the deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are doped into the modified rubber powder, and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, wherein the weight of the fiber accounts for 50% of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 3% of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 1:3 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 1.07MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 15.7MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.068, average barrier height: the result shows that the toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the method has good toughening and anti-permeability performance.
Example 4
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of heating in a water bath at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentration was 0.01% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 0.05 percent of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 2:2 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 1.13MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 14.7MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.077, average height of impermeability: the result shows that the toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the method has good toughening and anti-permeability performance.
Example 5
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into a dilute ethyl acetate solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain the deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 2.5% of the solution concentration. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 0.5% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent was 1.5% of the solution concentration. The methylcellulose concentration was 3% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 2:2 respectively.
The prepared toughening and anti-permeability additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the cement mass, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the mortar-sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 1.35MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 14.3MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.094, average barrier height: the result shows that the toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the method has excellent toughening and anti-permeability performance.
Example 6
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are doped into the modified rubber powder, and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, wherein the weight of the fiber accounts for 50% of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 3% of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 2:2 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 1.17MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 16.2MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.072, average barrier height: the result shows that the toughening and anti-permeability additive prepared by the method has good toughening and anti-permeability performance.
Example 7
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of heating in a water bath at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are doped into the modified rubber powder, and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, wherein the weight of the fiber accounts for 50% of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 0.01% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 0.05% of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fibers to the straw fibers is 3:1 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 0.73MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 14.2MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.051, the average impervious height is: 11.7mm.
Example 8
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 2.5% of the solution concentration. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 0.5% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent was 1.5% of the solution concentration. The methylcellulose concentration was 3% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 3:1 respectively.
The prepared toughening and anti-permeability additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the cement mass, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the mortar-sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 0.94MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 14.8MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.064, average barrier height: 9.5mm.
Example 9
Preparing a toughening impervious additive: adding rubber powder into dilute ethyl acetate solution, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain deoxidized rubber powder; preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises the following components: ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, a coupling agent and methyl cellulose, adding the obtained rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed into the surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the condition of water bath heating at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the surface modified rubber particles; the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
Wherein the concentration of the ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate solution is 1 percent of the mass of the water. In the surface modification solution, the ethanolamine concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentration was 1% of the solution concentration. The concentration of the coupling agent is 3% of the concentration of the solution. The methylcellulose concentration was 5% of the solution concentration. The mass ratio of the steel fiber to the straw fiber is 3:1 respectively.
The prepared toughening impervious additive is mixed into mortar according to 6 percent of the mass of cement, the size of the mortar is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.45, and the lime sand ratio is 1: 4. The detection results show that: the splitting tensile strength is 0.85MPa, the cubic compressive strength is 16.2MPa, and the calculated tensile-compression ratio is as follows: 0.052, average height of impermeability: 14.5mm.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the toughened impermeable concrete additive is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding rubber powder into a dilute ethyl acetate solution with the mass concentration of 1%, and ultrasonically treating for 10min by using an ultrasonic oscillator to remove oxide layers on the surfaces of rubber particles to obtain the deoxidized rubber powder;
(2) preparing a rubber powder surface modification solution, wherein the solution comprises: adding the rubber powder with the oxidation layer removed in the step (1) into a surface modification solution, stirring for 10 hours under the heating of water bath at 70 ℃, taking out rubber particles, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain surface modified rubber particles;
(3) the steel fiber and the straw fiber are mixed into the modified rubber powder and are uniformly stirred by a cement mortar stirrer, and the weight of the fiber accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
2. The method for preparing the toughening anti-seepage additive according to claim 1, wherein the toughening anti-seepage additive comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the rubber powder is processed by waste tires through a mechanical crushing process.
3. The method for preparing the toughening anti-seepage additive according to claim 1, wherein the toughening anti-seepage additive comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the mass ratio of the steel fibers to the straw fibers is 1:3, 2:2 or 3: 1.
4. The application of the toughened impermeable concrete additive is characterized in that: the toughened impermeable concrete additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the addition amount is 6% of the mass of cement in concrete.
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