CN111847661A - Activated sludge inoculation and bacterium cultivation method - Google Patents
Activated sludge inoculation and bacterium cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an activated sludge inoculation and bacterium cultivation method. Filling the biochemical pool with domestic sewage, inoculating activated sludge, performing aeration culture under the condition that the DO value is 5-10 mg/L, stopping aeration, injecting new domestic sewage after water in the pool is settled to discharge supernatant, adding nutrients again and performing aeration culture; repeating the processes of aeration culture, static sedimentation and aeration culture until the sludge sedimentation ratio and the concentration reach target values, and finishing the culture; and then carrying out continuous closed aeration for 3-7 days under proper conditions for acclimatization treatment, starting water change after the water quality and the sludge concentration reach the standard, and finally realizing continuous water inlet. According to the invention, through closed aeration culture and control of the culture conditions, the concentration of the activated sludge can quickly reach the process required value, and the culture process is completed. The cultured and domesticated activated sludge can be suitable for the high-efficiency treatment of urban domestic sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, in particular to a method for inoculating and culturing bacteria by activated sludge.
Background
The enrichment culture of the activated sludge is the key for starting a sewage treatment plant. The activated sludge is composed of active microorganisms, residues of the microorganisms self-oxidized, and organic matters adsorbed on the activated sludge and not degraded by the microorganisms, wherein the microorganisms are the main component of the activated sludge. The operation of a sewage treatment system requires the presence of activated sludge and a suitable biological phase. Therefore, newly produced sewage treatment plants are required to culture and acclimatize the activated sludge.
The activated sludge culture in the sewage treatment provides certain growth and propagation conditions for microorganisms of the activated sludge, namely nutrients, dissolved oxygen, proper temperature and pH value. The amount of microorganisms capable of utilizing organic pollutants in the wastewater can be increased through the domestication process, and the microorganisms which cannot be utilized die and are eliminated gradually, so that the sludge finally reaches normal concentration and load, and a better treatment effect is achieved. Organic pollutants can be generally metabolized and absorbed by microorganisms, simple organic matters can be absorbed and utilized by bacteria, complex macromolecular organic matters or organic matters with toxic genes can be absorbed only by being decomposed and converted into simple organic matters by 'induced enzymes' secreted by the bacteria, the bacteria capable of secreting the induced enzymes are dominant strains capable of adapting to the water quality characteristics of the wastewater, and the processes of generation, enrichment and rapid propagation of the bacteria are acclimation of the sludge.
The patent CN103803700A discloses an activated sludge enrichment culture method for sewage treatment plants in alpine regions in plateaus, comprising the steps of filling organic wastewater and adding dehydrated activated sludge, then performing aeration culture in a closed manner with dissolved oxygen of 0.5-1 mg/L, continuously performing aeration culture by static settling and discharging supernatant, feeding water, continuously performing aeration, continuously repeating the steps in the sequence of aeration → static settling → aeration, and completing the culture when the sludge concentration (MLSS) of a biochemical pool reaches 1500mg/L after 3-7 days of culture; then 20% of the designed treatment amount is fed, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 1.5-3 mg/L for acclimatization, and after 7-10 days of culture, the culture can be completed when the sludge concentration (MLSS) of the biochemical pool reaches 2500mg/L, and the sewage treatment system can be put into operation. The culture and domestication of the sludge are mainly aimed at the sewage treatment in plateau alpine regions. Patent CN105417708A discloses a biochemical treatment and debugging method for printing and dyeing wastewater, which comprises the steps of injecting domestic sewage and adding dewatered sludge according to COD: n: adding a corresponding nutrient source according to the mass ratio of P to 95-105:4-6:1, carrying out aeration sealing, standing and aeration sealing, and repeating the above operations until the mass concentration of the sludge reaches 20-25%; then, a small amount of printing and dyeing sewage is added, corresponding nutrient sources are added for culture in a closed aeration mode until the mass concentration of the sludge reaches 40% -45%, and the sludge enters a sludge domestication stage. The main technology of the patent is that the method of adding a small amount of printing and dyeing sewage and adding a large amount of nutrient sources is carried out for debugging in the bacteria culture stage, so that a certain environmental pressure is properly given on the basis of providing a large amount of nutrient sources for the activated sludge and promoting the growth of the activated sludge, and the phenomenon that the subsequent domestication process has overlarge impact on an A/O pool and causes mass sludge death is prevented.
At present, the purpose of sludge culture in sewage treatment plants is to culture high-quality activated sludge and the like in as short a time as possible, and the specific steps and condition parameters of the steps of smoldering bacteria culture, domestication and the like directly influence the effect of each bacteria culture step, such as the growth and domestication effect of active protozoa in each stage, and finally influence the treatment effect and efficiency of sewage. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is to achieve better bacterium cultivation effect and better sewage treatment effect by further innovating and optimizing or changing the bacterium cultivation conditions of each step.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an activated sludge inoculation and cultivation method in order to achieve better inoculation and cultivation effects and improve the treatment effect on urban sewage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge inoculation
Filling the biochemical tank with domestic sewage, and then inoculating activated sludge;
(2) sludge culture
a) Performing closed aeration culture on the biochemical tank inoculated with the activated sludge in the step (1), controlling the DO value of dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank to be 5-10 mg/L during the closed aeration culture, and adding nutrients to control the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus in water;
b) Stopping aeration, injecting new domestic sewage after the water in the pool is settled to discharge supernatant, adding nutrients again and carrying out aeration culture;
c) repeating the processes of aeration culture, static sedimentation and aeration culture until the sedimentation ratio of the sludge reaches 8-15% in 30min and the sludge concentration reaches 600-800 mg/L to finish the sludge culture;
(3) sludge domestication
And (3) performing continuous closed aeration on the biochemical pool in the step (2) at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ and under the condition that the pH value is 6-9 for 3-7 days, detecting the water quality of the biochemical pool, starting water change when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the water is less than or equal to 60mg/L and the sludge concentration is increased to 1500mg/L, changing the water amount of the biochemical pool by 40% first when the water is changed, continuing closed aeration, and continuing water change when the COD is less than or equal to 60mg/L, and finally realizing continuous water inlet along with the reduction of the water change time interval.
Further, the activated sludge in the step (1) is selected from digested sludge in a sludge digestion tank of a sewage plant, various manure or sludge in an anaerobic environment from a municipal sewer, a sewage collection place and the like.
Further, the nutrients in the step (1) and the step (2) comprise a carbon source, a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source; the carbon source is selected from feces water or flour, the nitrogen source is selected from urea, and the phosphorus source is selected from phosphate.
Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in water is controlled to be 100: 5: 1.
Further, the time of the aeration culture in the step (2) is 2-3 days.
Further, the standing time in the step (2) is 1 hour.
And (3) further adding nutrients again in the step (2) to control the COD concentration of the inlet water of the biochemical pool to be 50-100 mg/L as a standard.
Further, in the step (3), after the water is continuously fed with 40% of water, the water is continuously fed with 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of water, and the control standard is that COD is less than or equal to 60 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, through closed aeration culture and control of nutrients (the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus is kept at 100: 5: 1), dissolved oxygen (5-10 mg/L), proper temperature (20-35 ℃) and pH value (pH value is 6-9), the concentration of the activated sludge can quickly reach the process requirement value, and the culture process is completed.
(2) The activated sludge of the invention is selected from digested sludge in a sludge digestion tank of a sewage plant, various manure or sludge in an anaerobic environment from municipal sewers, sewage collection places and the like, and is more suitable for the high-efficiency treatment of urban domestic sewage after culture and domestication, the activated sludge in a biochemical tank has stronger microbial activity, and has the microorganisms with better water quality, such as rotifer, coccid, branchionus mulsiflora and the like, and the effluent can reach the first-level A standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are photographs of ciliates and rotifers in the activated sludge examined under the microscope after the sludge culture in example 1, respectively.
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are photographs of the phase insects and the coccid in the activated sludge obtained by microscopic examination after acclimation of the sludge in example 1, respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, a certain amount of sewage and water to be treated is injected into a biochemical poolThe position is controlled to be about 3 meters, the submersible water impeller is submerged, the submersible water impeller is opened, and then 30m3Raw sludge (digested sludge of the sludge digestion tank) is put into the biochemical tank.
(2) Aeration: and carrying out closed aeration after feeding. Controlling DO at 5mg/L during aeration, and adding fermented ground margin flour (per 100 m)3The mixed liquid in the pool can be added according to 5-10 kg), the mass ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water is controlled to be 100: 5: 1. Aeration is carried out in a mode of 6h oxygenation and 4h shutdown on the 1 st day.
(3) And (3) feeding again: after 1d of aeration, the mass concentration of COD in the 2 nd day is reduced to about 100 mg/L. Stopping aeration, stopping the submersible water impeller, and starting water inflow after the water in the pool is settled for 1 hour to lift the sewage from the coarse grating to the overflow surface of the biochemical pool and stop water inflow. The aeration is started again, the submersible water impeller is started, sludge needs to be thrown again, and 10-15 m can be thrown in the 2 nd time 3And (5) conveying the sludge to a biochemical pond. Meanwhile, culture materials mainly containing excrement are added, and the mixture is subjected to sealed aeration after phosphorus supplement according to needs. Aeration is controlled to be started for 6 hours and stopped for 2 hours. After the closed exposure for 2-3 d, a small amount of protozoa can be seen through microscopic examination. In principle, the carbon source is supplemented every day at regular time and gradually mainly by the foundation flour. Urea and phosphate are added simultaneously to supplement nitrogen and phosphorus sources. The standard of carbon source supplement is still based on the mass concentration of COD in the inlet water of the biochemical pool being about 100 mg/L. In the stage, biochemical metabolites are removed, a proper amount of water is required to be changed in the biochemical pool, aeration is stopped, the submersible water impeller is stopped in the water changing process, and after the water is settled for 1 hour, the sewage is fed and the supernatant is discharged by 1000m3It is preferable. Aeration is stopped after 6 hours in an alternative mode, the aeration and the submersible water impeller are stopped, and after the water is settled for 1 hour, the sewage is fed and the supernatant is discharged for 1000m3The period is 3 d. Generally, after 7-10 days of aeration, the biochemical sludge shows faint yellow, and the settlement ratio of the sludge in 30min reaches 8-15%. The sludge concentration reaches 600-800 mg/L, more active protozoan, such as protozoan, infusorium, metazoan, rotifers and the like can be found through microscopic examination, and pictures of ciliates and rotifers in the activated sludge are respectively shown in figures 1 and 2. At the moment, the biochemical sewage treatment can enter the domestication and load increasing debugging stage.
(4) And (3) performing continuous aeration 3-7 days of acclimatization treatment on the biochemical pool after the sludge culture at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ and under the condition that the pH value is 6-9, detecting the water quality of the biochemical pool, starting water change when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the water is less than or equal to 60mg/L and the sludge concentration is increased to 1500mg/L, changing the water amount of the biochemical pool by 40% first when the water is changed, continuing aeration, and continuing water change when the COD is less than or equal to 60mg/L, and finally realizing continuous water inflow along with the reduction of the water change time interval. When the water is continuously fed with 40 percent of water, the water is further continuously fed with 50 percent, 60 percent, 70 percent, 80 percent, 90 percent and 100 percent of water, and the control standard is that COD is less than or equal to 60 mg/L. Continuously feeding water, controlling the water inflow, and circulating the biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank as an integral system. Continuously monitoring the dissolved oxygen of each process section in the biochemical pool, and adjusting the frequency of the fan and the air quantity of each process section in time. And continuously monitoring the water quality of the outlet end of the biochemical tank and the outlet water quality of the secondary sedimentation tank. The sludge concentration of each process section in the biochemical tank is continuously monitored, and the flow of the internal return sludge and the external return sludge is timely adjusted. And performing microbial microscopic examination on the activated sludge in the biochemical pond every day, and observing the types and the activity of the microorganisms in the sludge. The sludge is domesticated, the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank reaches a first-level A standard, the activity of microorganisms in the activated sludge in the biochemical tank is strong, and microorganisms with good water quality characteristics such as rotifers, infusorium, tired branch worms and the like appear. Photographs of the brachypodia and the coccid in the activated sludge were examined under the microscope as shown in fig. 3 and 4, respectively.
From the above results, it can be seen that the method of the present invention has good activated sludge culture and acclimation effects and achieves good sewage treatment effects.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sludge inoculation
Filling the biochemical tank with domestic sewage, and then inoculating activated sludge;
(2) sludge culture
a) Performing closed aeration culture on the biochemical tank inoculated with the activated sludge in the step (1), controlling the DO value of dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank to be 5-10 mg/L during the closed aeration culture, and adding nutrients to control the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus in water;
b) stopping aeration, injecting new domestic sewage after the water in the pool is settled to discharge supernatant, adding nutrients again and carrying out aeration culture;
c) repeating the processes of aeration culture, static sedimentation and aeration culture until the sedimentation ratio of the sludge reaches 8-15% in 30min and the sludge concentration reaches 600-800 mg/L to finish the sludge culture;
(3) Sludge domestication
And (3) performing continuous closed aeration on the biochemical pool in the step (2) at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ and under the condition that the pH value is 6-9 for 3-7 days, detecting the water quality of the biochemical pool, starting water change when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the water is less than or equal to 60mg/L and the sludge concentration is increased to 1500mg/L, changing the water amount of the biochemical pool by 40% first when the water is changed, continuing closed aeration, and continuing water change when the COD is less than or equal to 60mg/L, and finally realizing continuous water inlet along with the reduction of the water change time interval.
2. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the activated sludge is selected from digested sludge in a sludge digestion tank of a sewage plant, various manure or sludge in an anaerobic environment from municipal sewers, sewage collection places and the like.
3. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nutrients in the step (1) and the step (2) comprise a carbon source, a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source; the carbon source is selected from feces water or flour, the nitrogen source is selected from urea, and the phosphorus source is selected from phosphate.
4. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus in water is controlled to be 100: 5: 1.
5. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) the time of the aeration culture in the step (2) is 2-3 days.
6. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the standing time in the step (2) is 1 hour.
7. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) adding nutrients again in the step (2) to control the COD concentration of the inlet water of the biochemical pool to be 50-100 mg/L as a standard.
8. The method for inoculating and culturing the activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), after the water is continuously fed with 40% of water, the water is further continuously fed with 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of water, and the control standard is that COD is less than or equal to 60 mg/L.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115594308A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司（Cn） | High-temperature bacterium domestication method and biochemical device |
| CN115959766A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-04-14 | 广州众行环保科技有限公司 | Method for culturing activated sludge in multiple times |
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| CN115594308A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司（Cn） | High-temperature bacterium domestication method and biochemical device |
| CN115959766A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-04-14 | 广州众行环保科技有限公司 | Method for culturing activated sludge in multiple times |
| CN115959766B (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 广州众行环保科技有限公司 | Fractional culture method of activated sludge |
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