CN111844811A - Mass production preparation method of automobile composite material battery box shell laminating structure - Google Patents
Mass production preparation method of automobile composite material battery box shell laminating structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111844811A CN111844811A CN202010711079.4A CN202010711079A CN111844811A CN 111844811 A CN111844811 A CN 111844811A CN 202010711079 A CN202010711079 A CN 202010711079A CN 111844811 A CN111844811 A CN 111844811A
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- battery box
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
- B29K2105/0026—Flame proofing or flame retarding agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
- B29K2105/128—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles in the form of a mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7146—Battery-cases
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mass production preparation method of a laminated structure of a battery box shell made of an automobile composite material, which can greatly realize the light weight of the battery box body by using high-performance fiber fabrics and a reasonable structural layer laying design, and simultaneously, a composite material part is combined with a fireproof layer and/or an electromagnetic shielding layer and fast curing resin and the high-performance fiber fabrics to be cured and molded at one time when being molded, so that better flame-retardant, fireproof and heat-insulation effects and good electromagnetic shielding performance are achieved; through the one-time fast curing molding mode of wet process mould pressing technology, realize that the takt time is short, simplify the process steps, when satisfying light-weighted, the battery box fire prevention of battery box and electromagnetic shield demand, manufacturing cost reduces by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile battery boxes, and particularly relates to a mass production preparation method of an automobile composite material battery box shell laminating structure.
Background
With the continuous growth of the market of electric automobiles and the continuous improvement of the requirements of the safety and the energy density ratio of a battery system, higher requirements are put forward on the performances of light weight, fire prevention and the like of a battery box. Original single material has been difficult to satisfy car lightweight and battery box thermal runaway fire prevention requirement simultaneously, is not conform to the lightweight demand if the metal material, and aluminum alloy, glass fibre SMC material all are difficult to single material and satisfy the thermal runaway requirement. In order to provide a box body part which meets the requirements on light weight and thermal runaway fire prevention, the two requirements on material selection and implementation process need to be considered; on the other hand, the implemented process is also complex, and often needs secondary forming or higher forming temperature, and if the way of adding the coating on the surface of the component still has the risk of easy peeling, therefore, not only bring higher energy consumption, cost, longer takt time, and the risk of stable performance, but also more difficult to satisfy the requirements of mass production takt and cost to meet the ever-increasing market supply demand.
In addition, electromagnetic wave interference is another important hidden danger affecting the driving safety of the automobile. Although the traditional metal battery box body material can meet the electromagnetic shielding performance, the structure is heavier, and the light-weight requirement of a new energy automobile is not met. Although the pure composite material battery box is structurally more suitable for the requirement of light weight, the material of the pure composite material battery box does not have enough electromagnetic shielding performance, so that the risk of mutual interference of electromagnetic waves of a battery system and other electrical systems exists. The existing composite material battery box with the electromagnetic shielding function is basically provided with a certain electromagnetic shielding effect by using an electromagnetic shielding layer made of a certain metal material, on one hand, the weight of the electromagnetic shielding layer made of the metal material is larger than that of the composite material, on the other hand, particularly for a liquid forming process of the composite material, the problem of resin infiltration easily exists, so that defects are caused, the yield of products is influenced, in addition, the process needs longer forming time, generally more than 30min, and the beat requirement of mass production is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mass production preparation method of an automobile composite material battery box shell laminating structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the mass production preparation method of the laminated structure of the automobile composite material battery box shell comprises the steps that the laminated structure of the automobile composite material battery box shell comprises a functional layer and a composite material layer, and the laminated structure of the automobile composite material battery box shell is quickly solidified and integrally formed by adopting a wet-process mould pressing process;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, laying and cutting fiber fabrics for later use;
step 2, processing the laminated material blocks to connect the laminated material blocks to form a connected body;
step 3, coating the preheated resin material on the connection body in the step 2;
and 4, placing the material block obtained in the step 3 in a mold, wherein the temperature of the mold is 70-150 ℃, and then closing the mold, locking the mold and curing to obtain the battery box shell.
Furthermore, the composite material layer takes cured resin as a matrix material and takes fiber fabric as a reinforcing material.
Further, the material of the fiber fabric is selected from one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and aramid fiber.
Further, the functional layer is a fireproof layer and/or an electromagnetic shielding layer.
Furthermore, the fireproof layer is made of a high-temperature activated expansion material, and the thickness of the fireproof layer is 0.1 mm-1.5 mm.
Further, the fire-proof layer is laid together with the fiber fabric in step 1, and can be placed between the single-side surface layer, the double-side surface layer or the fiber fabric of the battery box shell.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic shielding layer is made of carbon fiber felt with a nickel coating, and the thickness of the carbon fiber felt is 0.05 mm-1 mm.
Further, the electromagnetic shielding layer is placed on the connected body before being coated in step 3, and then the preheating resin material is coated.
The invention provides a mass production preparation method of an automobile composite material battery box shell laminating structure. The functional layer can be selected from a fireproof layer and/or an electromagnetic shielding layer: the fireproof layer is made of a high-temperature activated expansion material, the thickness of the original fireproof layer is not less than 3 times of that of the original fireproof layer, and the fireproof layer is expanded at the activation temperature of 180-230 ℃ to form a stable inert material layer, so that flame and high temperature are effectively isolated, and the thickness of the fireproof layer is 0.1-1.5 mm; the electromagnetic shielding layer is a carbon fiber felt with a metal coating, the thickness of the carbon fiber felt is 0.05 mm-1 mm, and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is 30 dB-120 dB when the frequency is 1-8.5 GHz. The composite material layer adopts high-performance fiber fabric to provide structural strength, and the fiber types of the composite material layer comprise carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, mixed fiber and the like; the high-performance fast curing resin is adopted as a base material of the composite material, the high-performance fast curing resin is mixed at a certain temperature and coated on a fiber fabric layer, after die assembly, fast curing is carried out at a certain die temperature and under a certain pressure to achieve integral forming with a functional layer, and a battery box shell with a composite material laminated plate structure, which is excellent in interface performance and has excellent fireproof performance and/or electromagnetic shielding performance, is formed, wherein the thickness of the composite material laminated structure is 0.5 mm-10 mm.
According to the invention, through the use of the high-performance fiber fabric and the reasonable structural layering design, the light weight of the battery box body can be realized to a great extent, and meanwhile, the composite material part is combined with the fireproof layer and/or the electromagnetic shielding layer and the fast curing resin and the high-performance fiber fabric for one-time curing molding during molding, so that better flame-retardant fireproof and heat-insulation effects and good electromagnetic shielding performance are achieved; through the one-time fast curing molding mode of wet process mould pressing technology, realize that the takt time is short, simplify the process steps, when satisfying light-weighted, the battery box fire prevention of battery box and electromagnetic shield demand, manufacturing cost reduces by a wide margin. By combining the above steps, the material, structure and function integration is realized by adopting the rapid forming process, the defects in the prior art can be effectively overcome, and the market demand can be better met.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications or substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The experimental methods and reagents of the formulations not specified in the examples are in accordance with the conventional conditions in the art.
Example 1
A composite material battery box shell of an automobile is composed of a fireproof functional layer and a composite material layer.
The functional layer is made of flexible materials and has good spreadability and shape following performance. Adopt the flame retardant coating as the functional layer in this embodiment, give battery box fire prevention effect, its thickness is 0.1mm ~1.5 mm. Specifically, the fireproof layer is a felt which is formed by taking disordered fibers as a carrier, including glass fibers or ceramic fibers and the like, adding expanded graphite and high-temperature mineral fibers and matching a small amount of organic binder.
The composite material layer takes high-performance fast curing resin as a base material, high-performance fiber fabric is added as a reinforcing material, and the total thickness of the composite material layer is 0.5 mm-10 mm. Specifically, the high-performance fiber fabric can be carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, mixed fiber and the like; in this embodiment, an epoxy fast curing resin is used as a matrix material.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials: the fiber fabrics and the fireproof layer are arranged on a material roller according to a formulated laying sequence, wherein the fireproof layer can be selectively arranged on a single-side surface layer or double-side surface layers of a battery box shell or a certain layer between the fiber fabrics, and the specific laying position of the fireproof layer accords with the formulated laying sequence;
S2: laminating and cutting: aligning, spreading and stacking the fabric on the material roller on a spreading table, and then cutting the fabric into a material block;
s3: connecting material blocks: connecting the cut laminated material blocks into a whole body which can be grabbed by using each layer of material which is locally heated;
s4: resin coating: grabbing the integral material block onto a working platform, and uniformly coating the preheated and mixed resin on a set area position, wherein the ratio of the resin to the curing agent to the internal release agent is 100: (90-120): (1-4), wherein the mixing temperature is 40-80 ℃;
s5: die pressing and curing: grabbing the resin-coated material block into a constant-temperature press mold at the temperature of 70-150 ℃, and then carrying out mold closing, mold locking and curing, wherein the mold pressing is 10-50 bar, and the step time is less than or equal to 5 min;
s6: and cooling and ejecting after the steps are completed, and taking out the completed battery box shell.
The steps can select automatic production to realize manual operation to the maximum extent, thereby shortening the production beat, greatly improving the production efficiency and simultaneously improving the production stability and the product quality. The above-mentioned S1-S6 is the production beat of one piece, and the time is less than or equal to 10 min.
The ablation is carried out from the inner side of the battery box shell, the phenomena of burning through, fiber breakage, structural collapse and the like can not occur after the ablation is carried out at 1000 ℃/5min, and the temperature of the outer side of the battery box shell is maintained to be less than 600 ℃.
Example 2
A composite material battery box shell of an automobile is composed of an electromagnetic shielding functional layer and a composite material layer.
The functional layer is made of flexible materials and has good spreadability and shape following performance. In the embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding layer is used as a functional layer to endow the battery box with an electromagnetic shielding effect, and the thickness of the electromagnetic shielding layer is 0.05 mm-1 mm. Specifically, the electromagnetic shielding layer is a surface felt composed of carbon fibers, and the fiber surfaces of the surface felt contain metal coatings of nickel, copper and the like.
The composite material layer takes high-performance fast curing resin as a base material, high-performance fiber fabric is added as a reinforcing material, and the total thickness of the composite material layer is 0.5 mm-10 mm. Specifically, the high-performance fiber fabric can be carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, mixed fiber and the like; in this embodiment, an epoxy fast curing resin is used as a matrix material.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials: arranging the fiber fabrics of the composite material layer on a material roller according to a set laying sequence;
S2: laminating and cutting: aligning, spreading and stacking the fabric on the material roller on a spreading table, and then cutting the fabric into a material block;
s3: connecting material blocks: connecting the cut laminated material blocks into a whole body which can be grabbed by using each layer of material which is locally heated;
s4: resin coating: grabbing the integral material block onto a working platform, and uniformly coating the preheated and mixed resin on a set area position, wherein the ratio of the resin to the curing agent to the internal release agent is 100: (90-120): (1-4), wherein the mixing temperature is 40-80 ℃;
s5: placing an electromagnetic shielding layer: cutting the electromagnetic shielding layer into a designed shape, placing the electromagnetic shielding layer on a set position of a material block, and adopting a positioning auxiliary device to ensure the accuracy of the position;
s6: die pressing and curing: and (3) grabbing the material block coated with the resin into a constant-temperature press mold at the temperature of 70-150 ℃, and then carrying out mold closing, mold locking and curing. The mould pressing is 10-50 bar, and the time of the step is less than or equal to 5 min;
s7: and cooling and ejecting after the steps are completed, and taking out the completed battery box shell.
The steps can select automatic production to realize manual operation to the maximum extent, thereby shortening the production beat, greatly improving the production efficiency and simultaneously improving the production stability and the product quality. The above-mentioned S1-S7 is the production beat of one piece, and the time is less than or equal to 10 min.
The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the product is 30dB to 120dB when the frequency of the product is 1 GHz to 8.5 GHz.
Example 3
A composite material battery box shell of an automobile is composed of a fireproof functional layer, an electromagnetic shielding functional layer and a composite material layer.
The functional layer is made of flexible materials and has good spreadability and shape following performance. Adopt flame retardant coating and electromagnetic shield layer as the functional layer in this embodiment, give the battery box fire prevention have electromagnetic shield's effect concurrently, its flame retardant coating's thickness is 0.1mm ~1.5mm, and electromagnetic shield layer's thickness is 0.05mm ~1 mm. Specifically, the fireproof layer in this embodiment is a felt composed of disordered fibers as a carrier, including glass fibers or ceramic fibers, and added with expanded graphite and high-temperature mineral fibers, and a small amount of organic binder; the electromagnetic shielding layer is a surface felt composed of carbon fibers, and the surfaces of the fibers contain metal coatings such as nickel, copper and the like.
The composite material layer takes high-performance fast curing resin as a base material, high-performance fiber fabric is added as a reinforcing material, and the total thickness of the composite material layer is 0.5 mm-10 mm. Specifically, the high-performance fiber fabric can be carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, mixed fiber and the like; in this embodiment, an epoxy fast curing resin is used as a matrix material.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials: the fiber fabrics and the fireproof layer are arranged on a material roller according to a formulated laying sequence, wherein the fireproof layer can be selectively arranged on a single-side surface layer or double-side surface layers of a battery box shell or a certain layer between the fiber fabrics, and the specific laying position of the fireproof layer accords with the formulated laying sequence;
s2: laminating and cutting: aligning, spreading and stacking the fabric on the material roller on a spreading table, and then cutting the fabric into a material block;
s3: connecting material blocks: connecting the cut laminated material blocks into a whole body which can be grabbed by using each layer of material which is locally heated;
s4: resin coating: grabbing the integral material block onto a working platform, and uniformly coating the preheated and mixed resin on a set area position, wherein the ratio of the resin to the curing agent to the internal release agent is 100: (90-120): (1-4), wherein the mixing temperature is 40-80 ℃;
s5: placing an electromagnetic shielding layer: cutting the electromagnetic shielding layer into a designed shape, placing the electromagnetic shielding layer on a set position of a material block, and adopting a positioning auxiliary device to ensure the accuracy of the position;
s6: die pressing and curing: and (3) grabbing the material block coated with the resin into a constant-temperature press mold at the temperature of 70-150 ℃, and then carrying out mold closing, mold locking and curing. The mould pressing is 10-50 bar, and the time of the step is less than or equal to 5 min;
S7: and cooling and ejecting after the steps are completed, and taking out the completed battery box shell.
The steps can select automatic production to realize manual operation to the maximum extent, thereby shortening the production beat, greatly improving the production efficiency and simultaneously improving the production stability and the product quality. The above-mentioned S1-S7 is the production beat of one piece, and the time is less than or equal to 10 min.
The battery box is ablated from the inner side of the battery box shell, the phenomena of burning through, fiber breakage, structural collapse and the like can not occur after the battery box is ablated at 1000 ℃/5min, and the temperature of the outer side of the battery box shell is maintained to be less than 600 ℃; the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the product is 30dB to 120dB when the frequency of the product is 1 GHz to 8.5 GHz.
Claims (9)
1. The mass production preparation method of the laminated structure of the automobile composite material battery box shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the battery box shell laminating structure comprises a functional layer and a composite material layer, and is quickly cured and integrally formed by adopting a wet-process mould pressing process;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, laying and cutting fiber fabrics for later use;
step 2, processing the laminated material blocks to connect the laminated material blocks to form a connected body;
step 3, coating the preheated resin material on the connection body in the step 2;
And 4, placing the material block obtained in the step 3 in a mold, wherein the temperature of the mold is 70-150 ℃, and then closing the mold, locking the mold and curing to obtain the battery box shell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the composite material layer takes cured resin as a matrix material and fiber fabric as a reinforcing material.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the fiber fabric is made of one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and aramid fiber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the functional layer is a fireproof layer and/or an electromagnetic shielding layer.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the fire-proof layer is made of a high-temperature activated expansion material, and the thickness of the fire-proof layer is 0.1 mm-1.5 mm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the fire-proof layer is laid together with the fiber fabric in the step 1, and can be placed between the single-side surface layer, the double-side surface layer or the fiber fabric of the battery box shell.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein: the electromagnetic shielding layer is made of carbon fiber felt with a metal coating, and the thickness of the carbon fiber felt is 0.05 mm-1 mm.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and (3) placing the electromagnetic shielding layer on the connected body before coating in the step 3, and coating the preheated resin material.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the production tact time of the preparation method is less than 10 min.
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Cited By (2)
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CN114571815A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-03 | 浙江葆润应用材料有限公司 | Multi-layer fireproof PCM composite material for battery pack |
CN116714282A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | Method for preparing integrated composite battery box shell based on compression stroke of die |
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CN1314008A (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2001-09-19 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | meterial for packaging cell, bag for packaging cell, and its production method |
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CN116714282A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | Method for preparing integrated composite battery box shell based on compression stroke of die |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |