CN111843917B

CN111843917B - Press mounting device

Info

Publication number: CN111843917B
Application number: CN202010599921.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡明元; 张永峰; 丁春苗
Original assignee: Nanjing Tops Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Tops Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-28
Filing date: 2020-06-28
Publication date: 2022-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-28
Also published as: CN111843917A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of mechanical assembly and discloses a press fitting device, which comprises: the guide cylinder is internally provided with a central through hole, and the front end of the guide cylinder is provided with a positioning end face; the sliding cylinder is concentrically and axially slidably arranged at the rear end of the guide cylinder, a pressure rod is fixed in the sliding cylinder and extends forwards into the central through hole of the guide cylinder, and the front end of the pressure rod is used for abutting against a part to be pressed; the sliding cylinder is switched back and forth between an initial position and a press-fitting position relative to the guide cylinder, the moving distance between the initial position and the press-fitting position is L, the initial maximum distance L1 is greater than the moving distance L at the initial position, and the press-fitting minimum distance L2 is less than the axial length S of a piece to be pressed at the press-fitting position. According to the technical scheme, the precision of the height of the base surface protruding out of the press-fitting part after the press-fitting part is pressed can be improved.

Description

Press mounting device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of mechanical assembly, in particular to a press fitting device for press fitting of a piece to be pressed.

Background

In the field of mechanical assembly, such as the field of manufacturing automobile engines, it is necessary to press-fit various members to be press-fitted, such as pins.

Along with the improvement of the product quality requirement, when the part to be pressed is pressed in place, the part to be pressed is required to be pressed in place, and the height of the part to be pressed protruding out of the base surface of the pressing part has higher tolerance requirement after the pressing of the part to be pressed is finished.

However, the conventional press-fitting device is based on the positioning reference of the to-be-press-fitted part, so as to perform press-fitting operation, but since the height of the to-be-press-fitted part protruding out of the base surface of the press-fitting part after press-fitting is completed is also affected by various factors such as tolerance between the workpiece positioning reference and the press-fitting surface, depth tolerance of a press-fitting hole, length tolerance of the to-be-press-fitted part, and the like, the size of the height of the to-be-press-fitted part protruding out of the base surface of the press-fitting part after press-fitting is completed cannot be directly controlled, so that the precision of the height is difficult to control, and design requirements cannot be met.

Therefore, how to improve the precision of the height of the base surface protruding out of the press-fitting part after the press-fitting of the part to be pressed is finished becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a press-fitting device for press-fitting a to-be-press-fitted member, so as to improve the accuracy of the height of the base surface protruding from the press-fitting portion of the to-be-press-fitted member after press-fitting is completed.

According to this application, a pressure equipment device is proposed, this pressure equipment device includes: the guide cylinder is internally provided with a central through hole, and the front end of the guide cylinder is provided with a positioning end face; the sliding cylinder is concentrically and axially slidably arranged at the rear end of the guide cylinder, a pressure rod is fixed in the sliding cylinder and extends forwards into the central through hole of the guide cylinder, and the front end of the pressure rod is used for abutting against a part to be pressed; wherein: the sliding cylinder is in reciprocating conversion between an initial position and a press-fitting position relative to the guide cylinder, the moving distance between the initial position and the press-fitting position is L, an initial maximum distance L1 is reserved between the front end of the pressing rod and the positioning end face at the initial position, the initial maximum distance L1 is larger than the moving distance L, a press-fitting minimum distance L2 is reserved between the front end of the pressing rod and the positioning end face at the press-fitting position, and the press-fitting minimum distance L2 is smaller than the axial length S of the piece to be pressed.

Preferably, the sliding cylinder is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide cylinder, a first stopping portion and a second stopping portion are arranged on the outer surface of the guide cylinder at intervals along the axial direction, and the sliding cylinder axially and reciprocally slides between the first stopping portion and the second stopping portion.

Preferably, the first stopper is located at the rear end of the guide cylinder, and the second stopper is located at the middle of the guide cylinder.

Preferably, a stop ring is arranged between the first stop and the second stop, the stop ring being replaceable and having a different thickness.

Preferably, an elastic restoring member is disposed between the guide cylinder and the sliding cylinder, and applies an elastic force to the sliding cylinder toward the initial position.

Preferably, the elastic restoring member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the pressure rod, and one end of the spring is pressed against the guide cylinder while the other end of the spring is pressed against the pressure rod.

Preferably, the compression bar is in axial sliding fit with the central through hole of the guide cylinder and is provided with an anti-rotation structure.

Preferably, the guide cylinder is an integral component, or the guide cylinder is an assembly assembled by a plurality of components.

Preferably, the guide cylinder comprises a positioning cylinder and a base cylinder which are distributed in the front and back and detachably connected, the end part of the positioning cylinder is provided with the positioning end face, the part of the central through hole in the positioning cylinder has a cross section shape matched with the piece to be pressed, so as to be used for bearing the piece to be pressed, and the base cylinder is arranged between the positioning cylinder and the sliding cylinder.

Preferably, the positioning cylinder is provided with a radial opening communicating with the central through hole.

According to the technical scheme, the sliding cylinder moves to the press-fitting position from the initial position relative to the guide cylinder, and meanwhile, the front end of the pressing rod presses the positioning end face, so that the part to be pressed is pressed into the mounting hole. In the press-fitting position, the press-fitting minimum distance L2 between the front end of the pressure lever and the positioning end surface is smaller than the axial length S of the piece to be press-fitted, so that the piece to be press-fitted with a fixed length enters the mounting hole, and the part of the piece to be press-fitted, which is as long as the minimum distance L2, is left outside the mounting hole, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the precision of the height of the base surface protruding out of the press-fitting part after the press-fitting of the piece to be press-fitted is completed.

Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a press-fitting device of a slide cartridge in a press-fitting position with respect to a guide cartridge according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the press-fitting apparatus shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a press-fitting apparatus of a slide cartridge in an initial position with respect to a guide cartridge according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a sectional view of the press-fitting apparatus shown in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a press-fitting apparatus for press-fitting of a pin, the press-fitting apparatus including: a guide cylinder 10, the guide cylinder 10 having a central through hole 11 therein, a front end 12 of the guide cylinder 10 having a positioning end surface 13; the sliding cylinder 14 is concentrically and axially slidably mounted at the rear end 15 of the guide cylinder 10, a pressure rod 16 is fixed in the sliding cylinder 14, the pressure rod 16 extends forwards into the central through hole 11 of the guide cylinder 10, and the front end 17 of the pressure rod 16 is used for abutting against the part O to be pressed. Wherein: the sliding cylinder 14 is reciprocally switched between an initial position and a press-fitting position with respect to the guide cylinder 10, the moving distance between the initial position and the press-fitting position is L, an initial maximum distance L1 is provided between the front end 17 of the pressing rod 16 and the positioning end surface 13 at the initial position, the initial maximum distance L1 is larger than the moving distance L, and a press-fitting minimum distance L2 is provided between the front end 17 of the pressing rod 16 and the positioning end surface 13 at the press-fitting position, and the press-fitting minimum distance L2 is smaller than the axial length S of the piece to be press-fitted.

In the traditional press fitting process of a to-be-pressed part, the height of the to-be-pressed part protruding out of the base surface of the press fitting part is influenced by various factors such as tolerance of a workpiece positioning reference and the press fitting surface, depth tolerance of a press fitting hole, length tolerance of the to-be-pressed part and the like, so that the press fitting depth and the height of the to-be-pressed part protruding out of the base surface of the press fitting part after the press fitting is completed are difficult to control.

According to the press-fitting apparatus of the present application, as shown in the preferred embodiment of fig. 2, when the slide cylinder 14 is in the press-fitting position with respect to the guide cylinder 10, the front end 17 of the pressing rod 16 has a press-fitting minimum distance L2 with the positioning end surface 13. The minimum press-fitting distance L2 is smaller than the axial length S of the piece to be pressed, and the part of the piece to be pressed, which is longer than the minimum press-fitting distance L2, is pressed into a press-fitting part (such as a hole), so that part O of the piece to be pressed is pressed into the press-fitting part. And the part of the part O to be pressed with the length of the minimum press-fitting distance L2 protrudes out of the base surface of the press-fitting part, so that the aim of improving the precision of the height of the part O to be pressed protruding out of the base surface of the press-fitting part after the press-fitting is finished is fulfilled.

As shown in fig. 2, during the press-fitting, the front end 12 of the guide cylinder 10 abuts against the press-fitting portion, so that the front end 12 is designed to have a shape (e.g., stepped shape) matching the press-fitting portion. The step-shaped front end 12 and the positioning end face 13 are in butt fit with the press-fitting part, so that the press-fitting device can position the press-fitting part more easily. The sliding cylinder 14 is concentrically and axially slidably sleeved at the rear end 15 of the guide cylinder 10, so that impurities are prevented from entering a gap between the pressing rod 16 and the central through hole 11, and the service life of the press fitting device is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 2, the sliding cylinder 14 is fitted over the outer surface of the guide cylinder 10, and first and

second stoppers

18 and 19 are provided on the outer surface of the guide cylinder 10 at intervals in the axial direction, and the sliding cylinder 14 is stopped by the first and

second stoppers

18 and 19, so that the sliding cylinder 14 is restricted from sliding back and forth in the axial direction between the first and

second stoppers

18 and 19. Preferably, an inner circumferential flange may be provided at one end of the sliding cylinder 14 facing the second stopping portion 19, and the first stopping portion 18 and the second stopping portion 19 are outer circumferential flanges of the guide cylinder 10 or other stopping structures protruding to the outer circumference, so as to realize a limiting stopping function for the inner circumferential flange of the sliding cylinder 14.

The first stopper 18 and the second stopper 19 are provided on both sides of the inner peripheral flange of the slide cylinder 14 in the axial direction, and preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first stopper 18 is located at the rear end 15 of the guide cylinder 10, and the second stopper 19 is located at the middle of the guide cylinder 10. Further preferably, the position of the second stopper 19 in the axial direction of the guide cylinder 10 may be adjustable, so that the slidable stroke of the sliding cylinder 14 relative to the guide cylinder 10 can be changed, and the press-fitting depth of the press rod 16 for pressing the to-be-press-fitted component O can be adjusted. Alternatively, a limiting ring 20 may be provided between the first stop 18 and the second stop 19, and the slidable travel of the sliding cylinder 14 relative to the guide cylinder 10 is further limited by the limiting ring 20. The stop collar 20 is preferably replaceable and has different thicknesses, so that the maximum press-fitting depth of the press rod 16 capable of pressing the member O to be press-fitted can be adjusted by replacing the stop collar 20 with different thicknesses. In practical application, the limiting rings 20 with different thicknesses can be prepared in advance according to practical working conditions, and when the press-fitting depth needs to be adjusted, the prepared limiting rings 20 are directly replaced, so that the press-fitting efficiency is improved.

When the front end 12 of the guide cylinder 10 of the press-fitting device and the positioning end face 13 thereof are aligned with the press-fitting site, the slide cylinder 14 and the press rod 16 fixed to the slide cylinder 14 are controlled by a manual or linear actuator to be reciprocally switched between the initial position and the press-fitting position. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, an elastic restoring member 21 is disposed between the guide cylinder 10 and the sliding cylinder 14, the elastic restoring member 21 applies an elastic force to the sliding cylinder 14 toward the initial position, so that when the sliding cylinder 14 and the pressing rod 16 are in the initial position and the pressing position, the front end 12 of the guide cylinder 10 always abuts against the pressing portion under the elastic force of the elastic restoring member 21, and the elastic restoring member 21 provides a force for restoring the initial position of the sliding cylinder 14 and the pressing rod 16 after the pressing operation is completed. The elastic restoring element 21 is preferably a spring which is placed around the pressure lever 16 and which presses against the guide cylinder 10 at one end and against the pressure lever 16 or against the slide cylinder 14 fixed to the pressure lever 16 at the other end.

In order to ensure the axial movement of the pressure lever 16, the pressure lever 16 is preferably axially slidably engaged with the central through hole 11 of the guide cylinder 10 and provided with an anti-rotation structure. The rotation-proof structure may be a slide rail structure disposed between the pressing rod 16 and the guiding cylinder 10, or one of the pressing rod 16 and the guiding cylinder 10 is provided with a guiding groove, and the other one is provided with a protrusion or a sliding block structure matched with the guiding groove.

In the press-fitting device of the present application, the guide cylinder 10 may be an integral part, or in order to make the press-fitting device easy to maintain, the guide cylinder 10 is preferably an assembly of a plurality of parts assembled. According to different use conditions, partial components with different shapes or materials can be replaced, so that the flexibility and applicability of the press fitting device are improved. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the guide cylinder 10 includes a positioning cylinder 22 and a base cylinder 23 which are distributed in front and rear and detachably connected. The end part of the positioning cylinder 22 is provided with a positioning end surface 13 for positioning the press fitting part, and the positioning cylinder 22 with different positioning end surfaces 13 can be replaced according to the shape of the press fitting part, so that the press fitting device is suitable for different working conditions. The central through hole 11 has a cross-sectional shape matched with the to-be-press-fitted member O at the part of the positioning cylinder 22, so as to bear the to-be-press-fitted member O, and the to-be-press-fitted member O can axially slide along the central through hole 11 at the part of the positioning cylinder 22. The base cylinder 23 is disposed between the positioning cylinder 22 and the sliding cylinder 14, and is provided with a mounting structure (such as a thread, a screw hole or a buckle) which is matched with the positioning cylinder 22. According to the press-fitting device, the positioning cylinder 22 may further be provided with a radial opening 221, and the radial opening 221 is communicated with the central through hole 11. The to-be-pressed part O can be placed into the radial opening 221 and fall into the central through hole 11, so that the relatively convenient feeding action is completed, the feeding time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved. In the working state of the press-fitting device, the radial opening 221 always faces upward in the gravity direction, so that the part O to be press-fitted, which is placed into the radial opening 221, can fall into the central through hole 11 under the action of gravity, and the part O to be press-fitted is prevented from falling out of the press-fitting device from the radial opening 221 in the press-fitting process. Further preferably, the radial opening 221 may be provided with a cover which can be opened and closed to close the radial opening 221 after the member to be press-fitted O is placed therein, so that the press-fitting device can meet press-fitting work at different angles.

The structure of the press-fitting device according to the preferred embodiment of the present application is described above in detail, and the working process using the press-fitting device according to the preferred embodiment of the present application is described below.

The positioning end surface 13 of the positioning cylinder 22 is first aligned and positioned to the site to be press-fitted, and the slide cylinder 14 and the press rod 16 are in the initial positions under the elastic force of the elastic restoring member 21, and the member to be press-fitted O is placed into the central through hole 11 through the radial opening 221 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4), so as to complete the press-fitting preparation. The slide cylinder 14 and the press rod 16 are driven to move to the press-fitting position by a manual operation or a linear actuator, so that the front end 17 of the press rod 16 moves against the member O to be press-fitted toward the front end 12 of the guide cylinder 10 and is pressed into the press-fitting site. Until the sliding cylinder 14 moves to the stop collar 20, the sliding cylinder is stopped by the stop collar 20 (as shown in fig. 2) to complete the press-fitting operation. At this time, the moving distance of the press rod 16 is L, and the height of the base surface of the press fitting part protruding out of the press fitting position after the press fitting part O is pressed into the press fitting position is L2. After the press fitting is completed, the press rod 16 is released to restore to the initial position under the elastic force of the elastic resetting piece 21, the positioning end surface 13 of the press fitting device is aligned with the next press fitting part, and a new part to be press fitted O is placed through the radial opening 221 so as to quickly execute the press fitting operation of the next round.

Compare in traditional pressure equipment device, this application provides one kind can accurate control treat that the pressure equipment piece is accomplished the pressure equipment back and is suddenly in the pressure equipment scheme of the height of the basal plane at pressure equipment position, and the material loading design of this application preferred embodiment has further improved the work efficiency like the pressure equipment of pin class spare part simultaneously.

The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.

Claims

1. Press-fitting device, its characterized in that, this press-fitting device includes:

the guide cylinder (10), the guide cylinder (10) has central through hole (11) therein, the front end (12) of the guide cylinder (10) forms the locating end face (13);

the sliding cylinder (14), the sliding cylinder (14) is concentrically and axially slidably mounted at the rear end (15) of the guide cylinder (10), a pressure lever (16) is fixed in the sliding cylinder (14), the pressure lever (16) extends forwards into the central through hole (11) of the guide cylinder (10), and the front end (17) of the pressure lever (16) is used for abutting against a member (O) to be pressed;

wherein: the sliding cylinder (14) is switched back and forth between an initial position and a press-fitting position relative to the guide cylinder (10), the moving distance between the initial position and the press-fitting position is L,

in the initial position, an initial maximum distance (L1) is provided between the front end (17) of the pressure lever (16) and the positioning end surface (13), the initial maximum distance (L1) is larger than the moving distance (L),

in the press-fitting position, a press-fitting minimum distance (L2) is arranged between the front end (17) of the pressure lever (16) and the positioning end surface (13), and the press-fitting minimum distance (L2) is smaller than the axial length (S) of the piece to be pressed;

the guide cylinder (10) comprises a positioning cylinder (22) and a base cylinder (23) which are distributed in the front and back direction and detachably connected, the positioning end face (13) is formed at the end part of the positioning cylinder (22) and used for replacing the positioning cylinder (22) with different positioning end faces (13) according to different shapes of press-fitting parts, the positioning cylinder (22) is provided with a radial opening (221), and the radial opening (221) is communicated with the central through hole (11) so as to allow the to-be-press-fitted part (O) to enter the central through hole (11) through the radial opening (221);

the sliding cylinder (14) is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide cylinder (10), first stopping portions (18) and second stopping portions (19) are arranged on the outer surface of the guide cylinder (10) at intervals along the axial direction, the sliding cylinder (14) axially slides back and forth between the first stopping portions (18) and the second stopping portions (19), a limiting ring (20) is arranged between the first stopping portions (18) and the second stopping portions (19), and the limiting ring (20) is replaceable and has different thicknesses.

2. A press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first stopper (18) is located at a rear end (15) of said guide cylinder (10), and said second stopper (19) is located at a middle portion of said guide cylinder (10).

3. A press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterised in that an elastic returning member (21) is provided between the guide cylinder (10) and the slide cylinder (14), the elastic returning member (21) applying an elastic force to the slide cylinder (14) toward the initial position.

4. A press-fitting device according to claim 3, characterised in that said elastic return member (21) is a spring fitted around said pressing rod (16) and pressed at one end against said guide cylinder (10) and at the other end against said pressing rod (16).

5. A press-fitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the press rod (16) is in axial sliding fit with the central through hole (11) of the guide cylinder (10) and is provided with an anti-rotation structure.

6. A press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterised in that said guide cylinder (10) is an integral part, or said guide cylinder (10) is an assembly of a plurality of parts assembled.

7. A press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterised in that said central through hole (11) has a cross-sectional shape at a portion of said positioning cylinder (22) matching said member to be press-fitted (O) for carrying said member to be press-fitted (O), said base cylinder (23) being arranged between said positioning cylinder (22) and said slide cylinder (14).