CN111843286A - Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111843286A CN111843286A CN202010687309.8A CN202010687309A CN111843286A CN 111843286 A CN111843286 A CN 111843286A CN 202010687309 A CN202010687309 A CN 202010687309A CN 111843286 A CN111843286 A CN 111843286A
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- flux
- coating
- cored
- wire
- welding wire
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
Abstract
The invention relates to a flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flux-cored wire consists of a solid-core welding wire and a flux coating, and the solid-core welding wire is wrapped by the flux coating; the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a solid welding wire as a metal core of the flux-cored welding wire; 2) adjusting the components and the proportion of the composite coating, improving the process performance according to the actual welding requirement, and taking the treated coating as a coating blank; 3) and adjusting the thickness, preheating temperature, coating speed, curing temperature and curing time of the coating, and uniformly and firmly coating the coating blank outside the metal core. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of solving the problems of all-position welding, high automation degree, no limitation of filling rate, incapability of simultaneously obtaining tubular melting of the welding wire end and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding materials, in particular to a flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The welding wire mainly comprises a solid welding wire and a flux-cored welding wire. The solid welding wire is manufactured by the processes of smelting, pouring, forging, rolling, annealing, drawing and the like, and external gas or external welding flux is adopted for protection during welding; the flux-cored wire is prepared by wrapping flux powder in a thin steel strip, rolling into different section shapes, and drawing, and can be protected by external gas or external flux during welding, or self-protected by adding an arc stabilizer, a slag former, a gas former and the like into a flux core. The welding rod is made by coating a flux coating with a certain composition on a special metal core wire, drying at a specific temperature to make a strip welding material, and decomposing and melting the flux coating to form gas and slag during welding, so as to play roles in mechanical protection, metallurgical treatment and improvement of process performance.
When the solid welding wire is used, the operation is convenient, the production efficiency is high, but the all-position welding performance is not good; the welding rod has low cost, simple operation and all-position welding, but the welding rod has low automation degree, poor construction environment, product quality influenced by the welder level and higher working strength. The flux-cored wire can realize automatic welding, and has the advantages of high productivity, excellent all-position welding performance and the like, however, the addition amount of the flux core of the welding wire, particularly the addition amount of powder for protection and forming, is limited by the filling rate of the welding wire, and simultaneously, because the flux core contains a certain amount of mineral powder and the metal powder and the mineral powder are mixed together, the difference of the electrical conductivity of the flux core and a steel sheet is large, and the problems of flux core stagnation, electric arc drift, molten drop rotation, gas discharge type splashing in the molten drop and the like are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, which can successfully combine the advantages of flux-cored wires, welding rods and solid-cored wires and solve the problems of all-position welding, high automation degree, no limitation of filling rate, incapability of simultaneously obtaining tubular melting of the ends of the welding wires and the like.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the flux-cored wire consists of a flux coating and a metal core, wherein the flux coating is coated on the outer surface of the metal core in a heating and pressurizing mode. The metal core is a solid welding wire.
Further, the metal core is a solid welding wire with similar or same alloy components or a solid welding wire with different alloy components compared with the alloy components of the flux-cored welding wire.
The flux-cored wire comprises the following components:
the welding wire comprises the following components: the welding wire deposited metal alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04 percent of C, 0.5-2.5 percent of Mn, 1.0 percent of Si, 0.04 percent of P, 0.03 percent of S, 19.5-22.0 percent of Cr, 9.0-12.0 percent of Ni, 0.75 percent of Mo, 0.75 percent of Cu0.75 percent of other Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, wherein the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100 percent;
the medicine skin comprises the following components: the mass percentage of each chemical component comprises: 5-35% of adhesive, 0-10% of conductive agent, 0-5% of lubricant, 0-10% of solvent and 50-95% of mineral powder.
A preparation method of flux-cored wires comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a solid welding wire as a metal core of the flux-cored welding wire.
And step two, adjusting the components and the proportion of the composite coating according to the mass ratio, and taking the treated coating as a coating blank.
And step three, adjusting the thickness, preheating temperature, coating speed, curing temperature and curing time of the coating, and uniformly and firmly coating the coating blank in the step two to the outside of the metal core. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
31) winding the solid core welding wire on a pay-off machine, providing a metal core through the pay-off machine, and adjusting the thickness of the flux sheath, the preheating temperature, the coating speed, the curing temperature and the curing time;
further, adjusting the thickness of the medicinal skin to 0.2-4.0mm, preheating at 0-100 deg.C, and coating at 0-300 m.min-1The curing temperature is 0-200 ℃, and the curing time is 1-10 min.
32) The metal core is straightened and positioned.
33) Sizing the positioned metal core solid welding wire to enable the solid welding wire to pass through the center of the aperture of the pressure die, and simultaneously, preheating and pressurizing the coating blank in sequence to enable the coating to be uniformly and firmly coated outside the metal core;
further, the preheating temperature of the coating blank is 0-100 ℃, the pressurizing condition of the pressurizing treatment is 0-10MPa, and the diameter of the sizing treatment is 0.8-12 mm.
34) And drying the coated flux-cored wire, and winding the flux-cored wire on a take-up machine layer by layer to obtain the flux-cored wire.
Further, adopt the coating laying device to evenly firmly coat the metal core outside with the coating stock of step two, the coating laying device is including the paying out machine that is used for providing the metal core, straightener, the locator for carrying out alignment, location to the metal core for preheat, the pressurization host computer of processing is carried out in proper order to the coating stock, be used for carrying out the stoving case of drying and be used for carrying out the take-up machine that the line was received around to the welding wire after the solidification to the coating after for the coating.
Further, the coating main machine comprises a preheating box, a pressurizer and a pressure die for shaping the solid welding wire.
If the used coating components contain gas-making and slag-forming substances, self-protection is realized through gas and slag generated by self decomposition of the coating during subsequent application welding, and if the used coating components do not contain the gas-making and slag-forming substances, additional gas protection is performed during subsequent application welding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention integrates the technical advantages of a welding rod, a flux-cored wire and a solid-core welding wire, and compared with the solid-core welding wire, the addition of the flux-cored welding wire slagging material improves the weld formation; compared with a flux-cored wire, the flux-cored wire has the advantages that the powder of the flux-cored wire is wrapped outside the metal core, the powder is different from the powder of the flux-cored wire wrapped in the steel sheet, and the addition amount (thickness of the flux coating) of the powder is not limited by space; the flux-cored wire is similar to a welding rod structure, the flux-cored wire consists of a metal inner core with excellent conductivity and a flux coating with certain conductivity, the metal core is firstly melted and then melted during welding, and the end of the welding wire is melted in a tubular shape, so that the problems that the welding rod cannot continuously feed wires, the solid welding wire cannot be welded at all positions or is poor in all-position welding forming, the steel skin of the flux-cored wire has larger difference with the conductivity of the flux core, and the powder is limited by the filling rate are solved, and the preparation of the welding wire which can be welded at all positions, automatically, high in quality and stable is realized.
The preparation method of the flux-cored wire realizes that the wire can be welded in all positions, has the characteristics of high automation degree, no limitation of filling rate and tubular melting of the end of the wire, and obviously improves the production efficiency of the flux-cored wire by using a flux coating device.
The method can be used for developing and preparing novel welding wires, and can also be used for improving the technological properties and the welding quality of welding materials, such as enhancing the all-position weldability of solid welding wires, converting solid gas-shielded welding wires into solid self-shielded welding wires, converting manual shielded-wire arc welding into automatic arc welding and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a flux-cored wire according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating device in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Examples
A flux-cored wire is composed of a flux coating and a core wire, wherein the flux coating is wrapped outside the core wire. The core wire is the metal core of the welding wire and mainly plays the roles of conducting current and filling metal during welding. The metal core is a solid welding wire, and compared with the alloy components of the flux-cored welding wire, the metal core can be a solid welding wire with similar or same alloy components or solid welding wires with different alloy components. The coating is a coating containing slag-forming and gas-forming substances. The coating is decomposed and melted in the welding process to form gas and slag, and the effect of protecting and improving the process performance is achieved. The welding wire deposited metal alloy comprises the following components:
TABLE 1 welding wire deposited metal alloy composition (mass percent)
The balance being Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, the sum of the mass percentages of the components being 100%.
Further, the preparation method of the flux-cored wire specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) a solid welding wire is selected for the metal core of the flux-cored welding wire.
(2) The components and the proportion of the composite coating are adjusted, so that the coating has certain welding self-protection property, viscosity, toughness and conductivity; the processed coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 5-35% of adhesive, 0-10% of conductive agent, 0-5% of lubricant, 0-10% of solvent and 50-95% of mineral powder, wherein the sum of the mass ratios is 1, and the treated coating is used as a coating blank.
(3) The thickness, preheating temperature, coating speed, curing temperature and curing time of the coating blank are adjusted, and the coating is uniformly and firmly coated outside the metal core by using the coating laying device. The laying conditions of the coating blanks of the present invention are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 coating conditions
The thickness of the coating blank is mainly determined by the formula design, the coating welding wire can realize automatic and semi-automatic full-position welding during welding, and self-protection or external gas protection can be adopted according to different coating components. The coating contains gas-making and slag-making substances such as carbonate, metal oxide or fluoride and the like, and is not required to be additionally protected by gas during subsequent application and welding, and the protection, namely self-protection, is realized by the gas and slag generated by self decomposition; on the contrary, during welding, gases such as argon, carbon dioxide and the like are required to be selected for protection, namely, additional gas protection is required.
The coating blank is coated on the outer surface of the metal core in a heating and pressurizing mode, and the coating and the metal core form stable connection after being solidified. The coating device comprises a paying-off machine, a straightener, a positioner, a coating host (a preheating box, a pressurizer and a pressure die), a drying box and a wire-rewinding machine. The paying-off machine continuously provides metal cores for the coating host machine; the straightener straightens the metal core conveyed by the pay-off machine, so that the metal core passes through the positioner in a straight line state; the positioner mainly adjusts the deviation of the metal core relative to the pressure die core; the preheating box heats the coating blank to increase the fluidity of the coating; the pressurizer applies pressure to the preheated coating to increase the coating speed and the coating standing speed of the coating; the pressure die controls the coating thickness of the coating; the drying box heats the coated welding wire to accelerate the curing speed; and the wire rewinding machine winds the solidified welding wire layer by layer.
Specifically, step (3) includes the following:
winding a solid welding wire layer on a pay-off machine, providing a metal core by the pay-off machine in the coating process of the flux coating, straightening the metal core by a straightener, positioning by a positioner, enabling the welding wire to pass along the aperture center of a pressure die, entering a coating host machine together with a flux coating blank, uniformly and firmly coating the flux coating on the outside of the metal core by preheating (0-100 ℃), pressurizing (0-10MPa) and sizing (0.8-12mm), and finally winding the flux coating on a take-up machine in a drying (0-200 ℃) layer to prepare the flux coating welding wire.
The preparation method of the flux-cored wire can continuously wrap a layer of flux coating containing slag-forming and gas-forming substances on the surface of the metal core to form a novel flux-cored wire. Compared with solid welding wires, the addition of the flux-cored wire slagging material improves the weld formation; compared with a flux-cored wire, the flux-cored wire has the advantages that the powder of the flux-cored wire is wrapped outside the metal core, the powder is different from the powder of the flux-cored wire wrapped in the steel sheet, and the addition amount (thickness of the flux coating) of the powder is not limited by space; the flux-cored wire is similar to a welding rod structure, and consists of a metal inner core with excellent conductivity and a flux coating with certain conductivity, and because the metal core and the flux coating of the welding wire have conductivity difference, when current is switched on, the metal core with good conductivity has large current density, high heat quantity melts firstly, the flux coating coated outside the metal core has weak conductivity, small current density and small heat quantity, and the melting is slower than that of the metal core, so that the tubular melting appears at the end of the welding wire, and the defect that the welding rod cannot continuously feed wires is overcome. Therefore, the novel flux-cored wire has the characteristics of all-position welding, high automation degree, no limitation of filling rate and tubular melting of the end of the welding wire. Meanwhile, the self-made coating device remarkably improves the production efficiency of the coating welding wire, namely the coating thickness can reach 4mm, and the coating speed can reach 300 m/s. Meanwhile, the solid welding wire can be reprocessed, the welding protectiveness and the welding seam forming of the solid welding wire are changed, and the performance and the application field of the solid welding wire are greatly improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The flux-cored wire is characterized in that the flux coating is coated on the outer surface of the metal core in a heating and pressurizing mode.
2. The flux-cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein the metal core is a solid wire.
3. The coated welding wire of claim 1, wherein the components of the coated welding wire are as follows:
the welding wire comprises the following components: the welding wire deposited metal alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04 percent of C, 0.5-2.5 percent of Mn, 1.0 percent of Si, 0.04 percent of P, 0.03 percent of S, 19.5-22.0 percent of Cr, 9.0-12.0 percent of Ni, 0.75 percent of Mo, 0.75 percent of Cu, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity elements, wherein the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100 percent;
The medicine skin comprises the following components: the mass percentage of each chemical component comprises: 5-35% of adhesive, 0-10% of conductive agent, 0-5% of lubricant, 0-10% of solvent and 50-95% of mineral powder.
4. A method of preparing a flux-cored welding wire as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
1) selecting a solid welding wire as a metal core of the flux-cored welding wire;
2) regulating the components and the proportion of the composite coating according to the mass ratio, and taking the treated coating as a coating blank;
3) adjusting the thickness, preheating temperature, coating speed, curing temperature and curing time of the coating, and uniformly and firmly coating the coating blank obtained in the step 2) on the outside of the metal core.
5. The preparation method of the flux-cored wire according to claim 4, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
31) winding the solid core welding wire on a pay-off machine, providing a metal core through the pay-off machine, and adjusting the thickness of the flux sheath, the preheating temperature, the coating speed, the curing temperature and the curing time;
32) straightening the metal core and positioning the metal core;
33) sizing the positioned metal core solid welding wire to enable the solid welding wire to pass through the center of the aperture of the pressure die, and simultaneously, preheating and pressurizing the coating blank in sequence to enable the coating to be uniformly and firmly coated outside the metal core;
34) And drying the coated flux-cored wire, and winding the flux-cored wire on a take-up machine layer by layer to obtain the flux-cored wire.
6. The method for preparing a coated welding wire according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises a step of forming a coating layer on the surface of the welding wireIn the step 31), the thickness of the medicine skin is adjusted to 0.2-4.0mm, the preheating temperature is 0-100 ℃, and the coating speed is 0-300 m.min-1The curing temperature is 0-200 ℃, and the curing time is 1-10 min.
7. The method for preparing the flux-cored wire according to claim 5, wherein the preheating temperature of the flux-cored blank in the step 33) is 0 to 100 ℃, the pressurizing condition of the pressurizing treatment is 0 to 10MPa, and the diameter of the sizing treatment is 0.8 to 12 mm.
8. The method for producing a flux-cored wire according to claim 4, wherein if the flux-cored wire used contains a gas-forming and slag-forming substance, the flux-cored wire is self-shielded by gas and slag generated by the self-decomposition of the flux-cored wire during the subsequent welding, and if the flux-cored wire used does not contain the gas-forming and slag-forming substance, the flux-cored wire is additionally shielded by gas during the subsequent welding.
9. The method for preparing the flux-cored wire according to claim 4, wherein in the step 3), the flux-cored blank obtained in the step 2) is uniformly and firmly coated outside the metal core by using a flux-cored laying device, the flux-cored laying device comprises an unwinding machine for providing the metal core, an aligning device for aligning and positioning the metal core, a positioning device, a coating main machine for sequentially preheating and pressurizing the flux-cored blank, a drying box for drying the coated flux-cored wire and a winding machine for winding and rewinding the solidified welding wire.
10. The method for preparing the flux-cored welding wire according to claim 9, wherein the coating main machine comprises a preheating tank, a pressurizer and a pressure die for shaping the solid welding wire.
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| CN202010687309.8A CN111843286A (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010687309.8A CN111843286A (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-07-16 CN CN202010687309.8A patent/CN111843286A/en active Pending
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| GB1044562A (en) * | 1963-01-16 | 1966-10-05 | Yawata Yosetsubo Kabushiki Kai | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of coated welding electrodes |
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| CN104191110A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-10 | 北京金威焊材有限公司 | One-face welding and two-face forming welding wire with back face argon-filling-free protection |
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