CN111842820A - Copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process - Google Patents
Copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111842820A CN111842820A CN202010726355.4A CN202010726355A CN111842820A CN 111842820 A CN111842820 A CN 111842820A CN 202010726355 A CN202010726355 A CN 202010726355A CN 111842820 A CN111842820 A CN 111842820A
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- copper
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- copper rod
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of copper rod smelting, and discloses an anti-oxidation process for copper rod smelting, which comprises the following steps: firstly, copper material pretreatment: the method is simple in process and low in production cost, multiple protection is performed during smelting through the deoxidant, the protective gas and the covering material, the oxygen isolation effect is improved, oxidation of pure copper and copper alloy in the smelting process can be effectively prevented, the purity of copper liquid or alloy molten liquid is improved, the safety coefficient is high, the conditions are not harsh, the method has a wide market prospect, and meanwhile, the copper liquid is stirred through a graphite stirrer arranged in a melting furnace, the deoxidant is uniformly dispersed in the copper liquid, and the deoxidization effect of the deoxidant on the copper liquid is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper rod smelting, in particular to an anti-oxidation process for copper rod smelting.
Background
The oxygen-free copper belongs to a material with high technical content, high purity, high conductivity, low oxygen content and other special properties, is widely applied to industries such as electric power, electric appliances, electronics, communication and the like, and is used for manufacturing high-end product components such as vacuum electron tubes, computers, micro radiators, flexible printed circuit boards, connectors, coaxial radio frequency cables, photovoltaic solder strip copper substrates, dry type transformer windings and the like.
The method for preventing oxidation of the copper rod during smelting of the oxygen-free copper rod is to keep a low-oxygen state to prevent oxidation of copper liquid, otherwise the copper rod is easy to oxidize, the resistivity is abnormal, and the product performance is influenced, the active oxygen content is reduced mainly by a charcoal-covered diffusion deoxidation method at present, or oxygen and impurities in the copper liquid are volatilized under a vacuum heating condition, although the oxygen content can be reduced to a certain extent by adopting the charcoal-covered method, even if the oxygen content is only controlled to be 20-50 ppm under the optimal state of a covering process, the oxygen content is unstable and cannot meet the requirement of a high-quality oxygen-free copper rod, the oxygen and the impurities are removed by adopting a vacuum heating mode, the requirement on production conditions is high, and the production cost is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod, and solves the problems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high copper-containing alloy, the raw material of the pure copper or high copper-containing alloy is processed into a copper rod with the length of 4-10 cm, dirt is removed from the copper rod through sand blowing, and moisture is removed at the preheating temperature of 500-600 ℃ for later use;
secondly, adding the copper rods with the moisture removed and the dried deoxidant into a melting furnace in batches for melting, wherein the melting voltage is 380V of alternating current, the melting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the furnace temperature is increased to 1150-1200 ℃ and then is kept until the copper rods are melted into copper liquid;
thirdly, injecting protective gas above the copper liquid while melting the copper rod in the second step, covering a layer of covering material for preventing air from entering the copper liquid on the surface of the molten copper liquid, and isolating oxygen from contacting the copper liquid, wherein the covering material is high-purity flaky graphite;
and fourthly, directly lifting the hollow crystallizer into the copper liquid, cooling the hollow crystallizer by adopting a water spacer bush, condensing the copper liquid into solid in the hollow crystallizer, and drafting the upper end of the solid by using a drafting structure to manufacture an oxygen-free copper rod.
Preferably, the copper content of the pure copper is more than 99.995%, and the copper content of the high copper-containing alloy is not less than 90%.
Preferably, the oxygen scavenger consists of 40-60 parts by weight of lanthanum, 20-40 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 10-30 parts by weight of lithium oxide, and the weight ratio of the copper rod to the oxygen scavenger is 1000: 1.
Preferably, a graphite stirrer is arranged in the melting furnace, the graphite stirrer stirs when the copper rod is melted, and the stirring speed of the graphite stirrer is 50-150 r/min.
Preferably, the protective gas is N2And C2H2Mixed gas of (2) or N2、H2And C0, said N2And C2H2Mixing in a ratio of 2: 1, said N2、H2And the mixed gas of C0 is mixed by nitrogen-containing gas of more than 95 percent, and the introduction amount of the mixed gas is 0.4-0.8L/min.
Preferably, the high-purity flaky graphite has a particle diameter of not less than 200 meshes, is dry and free of impurities, and has a coverage thickness range of 80-120 mm.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the process is simple, the production cost is low, multiple protection is performed through the deoxidant, the protective gas and the covering material during smelting, the oxygen isolation effect is improved, the oxidation of pure copper and copper alloy in the smelting process can be effectively prevented, the purity of copper liquid or alloy molten liquid is improved, the safety coefficient is high, the conditions are not harsh, the market prospect is wide, meanwhile, the copper liquid is stirred through the graphite stirrer arranged in the smelting furnace, the deoxidant is uniformly dispersed in the copper liquid, and the deoxidization effect of the deoxidant on the copper liquid is improved.
(2) The oxygen-free copper rod prepared by the scheme has a compact structure and a bright surface, the copper content is more than 99.99%, the oxygen content is less than 3ppm, the electric conductivity of the copper rod is more than 102% IACS, the tensile strength is more than 190MPa, the elongation is more than 40%, the Brinell hardness HB65-70 is realized, and the dimensional tolerance is less than 0.1 mm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high copper-containing alloy, the raw material of the pure copper or the high copper-containing alloy is processed into a copper rod with the length of 4cm, the copper rod is subjected to sand blasting to remove dirt, and the water is removed at the preheating temperature of 500 ℃ for later use;
secondly, adding the copper rods with the moisture removed and the dried deoxidant into a melting furnace in batches for melting, wherein the melting voltage is 380V alternating current, the melting temperature is 1150 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature of the furnace is increased to 1150 ℃ and then the furnace is kept until the copper rods are melted into copper liquid;
thirdly, injecting protective gas above the copper liquid while melting the copper rod in the second step, covering a layer of covering material for preventing air from entering the copper liquid on the surface of the molten copper liquid, and isolating the contact of oxygen and the copper liquid, wherein the covering material is high-purity flaky graphite;
and fourthly, directly lifting the hollow crystallizer into the copper liquid, cooling the hollow crystallizer by adopting a water spacer bush, condensing the copper liquid into solid in the hollow crystallizer, and drafting the upper end of the solid by using a drafting structure to manufacture an oxygen-free copper rod.
Specifically, the copper content of pure copper is more than 99.995%, and the copper content of the high-copper-content alloy is not less than 90%.
Specifically, the oxygen scavenger consists of 40 parts by weight of lanthanum, 20 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 10 parts by weight of lithium oxide, and the weight ratio of the copper rod to the oxygen scavenger is 1000: 1.
Specifically, a graphite stirrer is arranged in the melting furnace, the graphite stirrer stirs when the copper rod is melted, and the stirring speed of the graphite stirrer is 50 r/min.
Specifically, the protective gas is N2And C2H2Mixed gas of (2) or N2、H2And mixed gas of C0, N2And C2H2Mixing in a ratio of 2: 1, N2、H2The mixed gas of C0 and C0 is mixed by nitrogen-containing gas of more than 95%, and the input amount of the mixed gas is 0.4L/min.
Specifically, the particle diameter of the high-purity flaky graphite is not less than 200 meshes, the high-purity flaky graphite is dry and free of impurities, and the coverage thickness range is 80 mm.
Example two:
an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high copper-containing alloy, the raw material of the pure copper or the high copper-containing alloy is processed into a copper rod with the length of 7cm, the copper rod is subjected to sand blasting to remove dirt, and the water is removed at the preheating temperature of 550 ℃ for later use;
secondly, adding the copper rods with the moisture removed and the dried deoxidant into a melting furnace in batches for melting, wherein the melting voltage is 380V alternating current, the melting temperature is 1175 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, heating the furnace to 1175 ℃, and then keeping the temperature until the copper rods are melted into copper liquid;
thirdly, injecting protective gas above the copper liquid while melting the copper rod in the second step, covering a layer of covering material for preventing air from entering the copper liquid on the surface of the molten copper liquid, and isolating the contact of oxygen and the copper liquid, wherein the covering material is high-purity flaky graphite;
and fourthly, directly lifting the hollow crystallizer into the copper liquid, cooling the hollow crystallizer by adopting a water spacer bush, condensing the copper liquid into solid in the hollow crystallizer, and drafting the upper end of the solid by using a drafting structure to manufacture an oxygen-free copper rod.
Specifically, the copper content of pure copper is more than 99.995%, and the copper content of the high-copper-content alloy is not less than 90%.
Specifically, the oxygen scavenger consists of 50 parts by weight of lanthanum, 30 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 20 parts by weight of lithium oxide, and the weight ratio of the copper rod to the oxygen scavenger is 1000: 1.
Specifically, a graphite stirrer is arranged in the melting furnace, the graphite stirrer stirs when the copper rod is melted, and the stirring speed of the graphite stirrer is 100 r/min.
Specifically, the protective gas is N2And C2H2Mixed gas of (2) or N2、H2And mixed gas of C0, N2And C2H2Mixing in a ratio of 2: 1, N2、H2The mixed gas of C0 and C0 is mixed by nitrogen-containing gas of more than 95%, and the input amount of the mixed gas is 0.6L/min.
Specifically, the particle diameter of the high-purity flaky graphite is not less than 200 meshes, the high-purity flaky graphite is dry and free of impurities, and the coverage thickness range is 100 mm
Example three:
an anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high copper-containing alloy, the raw material of the pure copper or the high copper-containing alloy is processed into a copper rod with the length of 10cm, the copper rod is subjected to sand blasting to remove dirt, and the water is removed at the preheating temperature of 600 ℃ for later use;
secondly, adding the copper rods with the moisture removed and the dried deoxidant into a melting furnace in batches for melting, wherein the melting voltage is 380V of alternating current, the melting temperature is 1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the furnace temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ and then is kept until the copper rods are melted into copper liquid;
thirdly, injecting protective gas above the copper liquid while melting the copper rod in the second step, covering a layer of covering material for preventing air from entering the copper liquid on the surface of the molten copper liquid, and isolating the contact of oxygen and the copper liquid, wherein the covering material is high-purity flaky graphite;
and fourthly, directly lifting the hollow crystallizer into the copper liquid, cooling the hollow crystallizer by adopting a water spacer bush, condensing the copper liquid into solid in the hollow crystallizer, and drafting the upper end of the solid by using a drafting structure to manufacture an oxygen-free copper rod.
Specifically, the copper content of pure copper is more than 99.995%, and the copper content of the high-copper-content alloy is not less than 90%.
Specifically, the oxygen scavenger consists of 60 parts by weight of lanthanum, 40 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 30 parts by weight of lithium oxide, and the weight ratio of the copper rod to the oxygen scavenger is 1000: 1.
Specifically, a graphite stirrer is arranged in the melting furnace, the graphite stirrer stirs when the copper rod is melted, and the stirring speed of the graphite stirrer is 150 r/min.
Specifically, the protective gas is N2And C2H2Mixed gas of (2) or N2、H2And mixed gas of C0, N2And C2H2Mixing in a ratio of 2: 1, N2、H2The mixed gas of C0 and C0 is mixed by nitrogen-containing gas of more than 95%, and the input amount of the mixed gas is 0.8L/min.
Specifically, the particle diameter of the high-purity flaky graphite is not less than 200 meshes, the high-purity flaky graphite is dry and free of impurities, and the coverage thickness range is 120 mm.
In summary, the following steps: the process is simple, the production cost is low, multiple protection is performed through the deoxidant, the protective gas and the covering material during smelting, the isolation effect on oxygen is improved, the oxidation of pure copper and copper alloy in the smelting process can be effectively prevented, the purity of copper liquid or alloy molten liquid is improved, the safety coefficient is high, the conditions are not harsh, the market prospect is wide, meanwhile, the copper liquid is stirred through a graphite stirrer arranged in a smelting furnace, the deoxidant is uniformly dispersed in the copper liquid, and the deoxidant effect of the deoxidant on the copper liquid is improved; the oxygen-free copper rod prepared by the scheme has a compact structure and a bright surface, the copper content is more than 99.99%, the oxygen content is less than 3ppm, the electric conductivity of the copper rod is more than 102% IACS, the tensile strength is more than 190MPa, the elongation is more than 40%, the Brinell hardness HB65-70 is realized, and the dimensional tolerance is less than 0.1 mm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An anti-oxidation process for smelting a copper rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high copper-containing alloy, the raw material of the pure copper or high copper-containing alloy is processed into a copper rod with the length of 4-10 cm, dirt is removed from the copper rod through sand blowing, and moisture is removed at the preheating temperature of 500-600 ℃ for later use;
secondly, adding the copper rods with the moisture removed and the dried deoxidant into a melting furnace in batches for melting, wherein the melting voltage is 380V of alternating current, the melting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the furnace temperature is increased to 1150-1200 ℃ and then is kept until the copper rods are melted into copper liquid;
thirdly, injecting protective gas above the copper liquid while melting the copper rod in the second step, covering a layer of covering material for preventing air from entering the copper liquid on the surface of the molten copper liquid, and isolating oxygen from contacting the copper liquid, wherein the covering material is high-purity flaky graphite;
and fourthly, directly lifting the hollow crystallizer into the copper liquid, cooling the hollow crystallizer by adopting a water spacer bush, condensing the copper liquid into solid in the hollow crystallizer, and drafting the upper end of the solid by using a drafting structure to manufacture an oxygen-free copper rod.
2. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process of claim 1, wherein: the copper content of the pure copper is more than 99.995 percent, and the copper content of the high copper-containing alloy is not less than 90 percent.
3. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process of claim 1, wherein: the deoxidant consists of 40-60 parts by weight of lanthanum, 20-40 parts by weight of calcium chloride and 10-30 parts by weight of lithium oxide, and the weight ratio of the copper rod to the deoxidant is 1000: 1.
4. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process of claim 1, wherein: a graphite stirrer is arranged in the melting furnace, the graphite stirrer stirs when the copper rod is melted, and the stirring speed of the graphite stirrer is 50-150 r/min.
5. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process of claim 1, wherein: the protective gas is N2And C2H2Mixed gas of (2) or N2、H2And C0, said N2And C2H2Mixing in a ratio of 2: 1, said N2、H2And the mixed gas of C0 is mixed by nitrogen-containing gas of more than 95 percent, and the introduction amount of the mixed gas is 0.4-0.8L/min.
6. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process of claim 1, wherein: the particle diameter of the high-purity flaky graphite is not less than 200 meshes, the high-purity flaky graphite is dry and free of impurities, and the coverage thickness range is 80-120 mm.
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| CN202010726355.4A CN111842820A (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process |
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| CN202010726355.4A CN111842820A (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB822578A (en) * | 1956-07-18 | 1959-10-28 | Wieland Werke Ag | Improvements in or relating to the continuous casting of metal |
| GB1181518A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1970-02-18 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements relating to Production of Cast Metal. |
| KR100331152B1 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2002-04-01 | 황해웅 | A one-body type horizontal continuous casting equipment of OFHC or Cu-alloy and method of deoxidation and refining |
| CN101104889A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2008-01-16 | 云南铜业压铸科技有限公司 | Method for smelting pure copper or high-copper alloy raw material |
| CN103084555A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏中容铜业有限公司 | Processing method for high purity oxygen-free copper rod of intelligent high voltage switch cabinet |
| CN106086444A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽晋源铜业有限公司 | A kind of up-drawing method prepares the method for high-purity oxygen-free copper bar |
| CN106350685A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽天大铜业有限公司 | Production technology of oxygen-free copper rod |
| CN108517419A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 中海宏祥铜业江苏有限公司 | A kind of oxygen-free copper bar production method |
| CN210378550U (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-04-21 | 恒吉集团实业有限公司 | Light composite copper rod with core |
-
2020
- 2020-07-25 CN CN202010726355.4A patent/CN111842820A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB822578A (en) * | 1956-07-18 | 1959-10-28 | Wieland Werke Ag | Improvements in or relating to the continuous casting of metal |
| GB1181518A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1970-02-18 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements relating to Production of Cast Metal. |
| KR100331152B1 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2002-04-01 | 황해웅 | A one-body type horizontal continuous casting equipment of OFHC or Cu-alloy and method of deoxidation and refining |
| CN101104889A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2008-01-16 | 云南铜业压铸科技有限公司 | Method for smelting pure copper or high-copper alloy raw material |
| CN103084555A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏中容铜业有限公司 | Processing method for high purity oxygen-free copper rod of intelligent high voltage switch cabinet |
| CN106086444A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽晋源铜业有限公司 | A kind of up-drawing method prepares the method for high-purity oxygen-free copper bar |
| CN106350685A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽天大铜业有限公司 | Production technology of oxygen-free copper rod |
| CN108517419A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 中海宏祥铜业江苏有限公司 | A kind of oxygen-free copper bar production method |
| CN210378550U (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-04-21 | 恒吉集团实业有限公司 | Light composite copper rod with core |
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