CN111834911A

CN111834911A - Multi-stage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube

Info

Publication number: CN111834911A
Application number: CN201910305799.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王嬿蕾; 王巨丰; 李籽剑; 孔佳琦; 黄上师
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-16
Filing date: 2019-04-16
Publication date: 2020-10-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc-extinguishing tube, which comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body, a lightning receiving electrode and a side-stage recoil tube, wherein the arc-extinguishing tube body is provided with a plurality of through holes; the side-level recoil pipe is arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing pipe body and communicated with the arc extinguishing pipe body; the lightning receiving electrodes are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body, and the lightning receiving electrodes are arranged above and below the side-level recoil tube, so that the arc extinguishing tube body forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc extinguishing tube body from top to bottom is gradually increased, so that the arc extinguishing tube body is horn-shaped. The invention has simple structure, reasonable design, strong arc extinguishing capability and more stable and reliable work, and adds a plurality of lightning receiving electrodes and a plurality of side-level recoil pipes which are mutually matched, so that the electric arc can form a multi-break point, the energy of the electric arc is greatly reduced, even the electric arc is extinguished, and the invention can be matched with an arc extinguishing lightning protector for use.

Description

Multi-stage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc extinguishing tube

Technical Field

The invention relates to a component of a lightning protection device in a power transmission line, in particular to a multistage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc-extinguishing tube.

Background

At present, the distribution of electric energy and load centers in China is unbalanced, and coal power generation is mainly used. Most of coal resources are concentrated in northwest areas, the developable hydraulic resources are mainly concentrated in western and middle areas, and the load center of China is concentrated in coastal areas, Jingjin Tang and middle developed areas of east. The problem of electric power of a load center in China is solved, and a trans-regional, large-capacity and long-distance energy transmission channel is inevitably constructed while hydraulic power and thermal power generation are vigorously developed.

With the continuous rise of the voltage grade of the transmission line, the country builds up 'eight-phase-ten-straight' ultrahigh voltage engineering cumulatively, forms a transmission line of more than 110 ten thousand kilometers, has nearly 5000 ten thousand base towers, and according to statistics, the power grid lightning damage risk is mainly concentrated on the transmission line, and the lightning damage is still an important factor influencing the safety, stability and reliability of the transmission network. The existing lightning protection system is mainly in a blocking type lightning protection mode, and the main measures are to erect a lightning conductor and a coupling ground wire, reduce tower grounding resistance, enhance line insulation, install a line lightning arrester and the like. The existing dredging type lightning protection mode is mainly characterized in that parallel protection gaps are arranged at two ends of an insulator string, although the lightning protection mode is simple in structure and convenient to install, short-circuit current continuously flows into a system due to the fact that an arc extinguishing function module is not arranged, the short-circuit current can only be cut off by means of a breaker, the trip rate is changed into the accident rate, and huge safety accidents of a circuit are easily caused. Meanwhile, due to the ablation effect of the short-circuit current, the parallel protection gap insulation matching fails, and the application function is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multistage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc-extinguishing tube which realizes recoil arc-extinguishing by utilizing the self energy of an electric arc.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a multi-stage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc-extinguishing tube comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body, a lightning receiving electrode and a side-stage recoil tube; the side-level recoil pipe is arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing pipe body and communicated with the arc extinguishing pipe body; the lightning receiving electrodes are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body, and the lightning receiving electrodes are arranged above and below the side-level recoil tube, so that the arc extinguishing tube body forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc extinguishing tube body from top to bottom is gradually increased, so that the arc extinguishing tube body is horn-shaped.

The invention is further optimized, at least two lightning electrodes are arranged and are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body at equal intervals; the lightning receiving electrode is round or conical. In this way, because of the conductivity of the lightning electrodes, the plurality of lightning electrodes increase the electric arc entering the arc extinguishing tube body, thereby improving the efficiency of eliminating the electric arc.

The invention is further optimized, the number of the side-stage recoil pipes is one less than that of the lightning receiving electrodes; the side-level back flushing pipes are arranged on two sides of the arc extinguishing pipe body in a staggered mode in the opposite direction; the arc extinguishing tube body and the side-level recoil tube are made of any one of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass, organic glass and the like. In this way, the side-level recoil pipe is mutually supported with the lightning receiving electrode, and electric arc will follow the situation and get into the repeated recoil action of the side-level recoil pipe of side, and the quantity of side-level recoil pipe is less than the lightning receiving electrode by one, and a plurality of lightning receiving electrodes are mutually supported with a plurality of side-level recoil pipes, realize horizontal multistage cutting, further improve the arc extinguishing effect.

The invention is further optimized, and at least two hollow metal horn rings are arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body. The metal horn rings are arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body at equal intervals. Through the mode, the metal horn ring is added to ensure that the electric arc can smoothly enter the arc extinguishing pipe body by utilizing metal conductivity, so that the back flushing function is realized, and the metal horn ring can also play a role in protecting the side-level back flushing pipe.

The invention is further optimized, and the side-stage recoil pipe is in a straight cylinder shape or a horn shape. Through the mode, the side-level back flushing pipe is cylindrical or horn-shaped, the purpose is to increase the filling effect of the side-level back flushing pipe on the large arc narrow pipe, the density difference, the temperature difference and the pressure difference of the electric arcs inside and outside the pipe enable the electric arc back flushing injection effect to be stronger, and the horn-shaped arc extinguishing effect of the side-level back flushing pipe is more obvious.

The invention further optimizes the structure that the side-stage recoil pipes are arranged in a downward inclined mode.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the lower half part of the arc extinguishing pipe is a semi-closed space, and can also form a recoil pipe structure. The back-flushing arc tube is a narrow tube filling channel, which is the only channel for the arc to enter the device. A variety of physical changes occur during perfusion.

1. The arc plasma is elastically deformed. When the arc plasma enters the inlet of the back flushing pipe, the physical shape is changed firstly, a coarse arc is changed into an ultrafine arc, the radial pressure is changed into the axial pressure, and the spraying speed is accelerated during the arc back flushing due to the back flushing effect of the narrow pipe.

2. The arc temperature rise effect is exacerbated. After the electric arc is thinned, the cross-sectional area of the electric arc is reduced according to the formula

The arc resistance will increase substantially. Because the lightning arc is often used as a constant current source in practical experience work according to a formula

It is known that although the impact time is only a few microseconds, the overall energy increases and the packing temperature in the recoil tube increases.

Arc radiation, convection and conduction are three ways of energy loss, and because heat cannot be released in a closed pipeline, namely an exogenous plugging environment, the arc is blocked, heat can be generated only, heat dissipation cannot be realized, so that blocking temperature rise can be generated, and the temperature in the pipeline is continuously increased.

3. The pressure explosion effect increases sharply. When the temperature is gradually increased, the accumulation of the electric arc is increased, the pressure explosion effect is further aggravated, and the electric arc spraying strength is larger.

The arc extinguishing tube body is arranged in the arc extinguishing cylinder or the arc extinguishing device, when electric shock occurs, the electric arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body to carry out arc extinguishing in two stages, wherein,

arc extinction for the first time: the electric arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body from the bottom of the arc extinguishing tube body, and when the electric arc enters the arc extinguishing tube body, the space is gradually narrowed, so that the filling effect of the arc extinguishing tube body on the narrow tube of the electric arc is more obvious; at the moment, the density of the electric arc in the arc extinguishing tube body is increased, due to the semi-sealing performance of the arc extinguishing tube body, the temperature in the arc extinguishing tube body rises instantly, the density difference and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside are formed, the arc extinguishing tube body fills the arc narrow tube, the density, the speed and the temperature increase in a step mode when the electric arc enters the beginning end of the backflushing tube wall, the pressure increase in the tube is caused, the pressure explosion effect is finally generated, the electric arc impacts a lightning electrode at the lowest end of the arc extinguishing tube body and can generate reverse elasticity, the advancing direction of most electric arcs is changed by 180 degrees, a small part of electric arcs enter the upper part of the arc extinguishing tube body through the lightning electrode, and the electric arc energy is backflushed again to. The rebounded arc, due to its greater velocity, density and pressure, creates a cavity effect at the entrance, blocking the arc entry at the port.

Arc extinction in the second stage: the electric arc enters the side-level recoil pipe on the side edge along the same trend to repeatedly recoil, the electric arc is acted by the pipe wall, the moving direction of the electric arc is changed, and part of generated side jet air flow sprayed from the side nozzle acts on the electric arc, so that transverse multi-level cutoff is realized; the larger the arc energy is, the larger the formed density difference and temperature difference are, so that the recoil capacity is stronger; the cavity effect of the electric arc in the horn side-stage recoil pipe weakens the energy of the electric arc, so that the energy of the electric arc entering the side-stage recoil pipe is reduced, and the electric arc forms a plurality of breakpoints due to the transverse cutoff effect of the side-stage recoil pipe, so that the extinguishing of the electric arc is accelerated.

The principle structure of this patent compares with the structure and principle of prior art "angle lightning protection device (patent application number is CN 200810178607.3)" and has the following differences:

1) the arc extinction has no time lag effect. In the arcing horn system, arc jet gas is discharged by lightning flashover, and this process requires a conductive component such as a metal component generated by melting and vaporization or an ion component in a plasmatized gas, and the component is in a floating state in the air, thereby reducing the insulating ability in the air and easily causing arc displacement, and the arc jet gas is discharged at the arc displacement position to interrupt the arc. Obviously, in the process of arc flashover, melting and vaporizing of the conductive material and ejection of arc jet, a time lag effect exists, namely, the energy of the arc jet ejected by the arcing horn device is smaller than that of the lightning flashover arc. The narrow tube perfusion effect provided by the patent makes full use of the elastic deformation of the arc plasma, the physical shape of the arc plasma is changed when the arc plasma enters the inlet of the recoil pipe, the coarse arc is changed into the ultrafine arc, the radial pressure is converted into the axial pressure, and the ejection speed is accelerated during the electric arc recoil due to the narrow tube recoil effect.

2) The arc extinction threshold is high. Because the arc extinguishing cylinder and the gas generating device of the arcing horn device are made of polyamide resin (also named nylon), the temperature of the arc extinguishing cylinder and the gas generating device can be about 500 ℃, and the value of the arc extinguishing cylinder and the gas generating device is far less than the arc burning temperature (the maximum value is 3726.85 ℃). Therefore, the arc extinguishing cylinder and the gas generating device are very susceptible to high temperature and finally burst. The patent proposes that the material is made of non-conductive materials with high strength, high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance, such as alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass and organic glass, and is combined with novel materials

3) No high-temperature baking gas generation mode exists. The arcing horn acts on the arc by spraying arc jet and blows the arc in the gap. The sprayed arc jet needs high-temperature baking to generate gas, which seriously results in loss of gas generating materials and obviously reduces the service life of the device. The patent proposes the plasma narrow tube perfusion effect: the radial displacement of the electric arc entering the recoil pipe is changed into axial expansion by utilizing the fluidity of the electric arc plasma; the bottom of the back punch pipe is subjected to geometric elastic deformation, and pressure superposition, temperature superposition and density superposition effects formed by the incoming flow electric arc and the outgoing flow electric arc enable the pressure in the back punch block to be multiplied at the highest speed, the follow-up energy of the electric arc is damaged, and the continuity of the electric arc is blocked. Therefore, a high-temperature baking gas generation mode does not exist, the loss of the patent material is ensured, and the service life is long.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:

1. the invention realizes the recoil arc extinction by utilizing the self energy of the electric arc, and does not need external gas production materials.

2. The invention adds a plurality of lightning receiving electrodes and a plurality of side-level back-flushing pipes which are mutually matched, can enable the electric arc to form a multi-break point, greatly reduces the energy of the electric arc, even extinguishes the electric arc, and can be used together with an arc-extinguishing lightning protector.

3. The invention firstly carries out longitudinal truncation on the electric arc through the horn recoil pipe (namely the lower half part of the arc extinguishing pipe body); and then the lateral recoil pipe performs a transverse cutting action on the electric arc, and the longitudinal cutting and the transverse cutting are combined, so that the electric arc can be better cut off.

4. The arc extinguishing tube body is designed to be horn-shaped, so that step-type density difference, temperature difference and pressure difference can be better generated, and the formed recoil action is stronger.

5. The arc extinguishing device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, strong arc extinguishing capability and more stable and reliable work.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an arc tube including a metallic horn ring in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an arc tube of a multi-stage trumpet side-stage kick tube in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a multi-stage side recoil tube including a metal horn ring according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Sequence numbers in the figures and corresponding names:

1-an arc extinguishing tube body, 2-a lightning receiving electrode, 3-a metal horn ring and 4-a side-level recoil tube.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, a multistage horn-type back-flushing discharge arc-extinguishing tube comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body 1, a lightning receiving electrode 2 and a side-stage back-flushing tube 4; the side-level recoil pipe 4 is arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing pipe body 1, and the side-level recoil pipe 4 is communicated with the arc extinguishing pipe body 1; the lightning receiving electrode 2 is embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body 1, and the lightning receiving electrodes 2 are arranged above and below the side-level recoil pipe 4, so that the arc extinguishing tube body 1 forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc extinguishing tube body 1 from top to bottom is gradually increased, so that the arc extinguishing tube body 1 is horn-shaped. The number of the lightning electrodes 2 is two, and the two lightning electrodes are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals; the lightning receiving electrode 2 is circular. The side-stage recoil pipe 4 is of a straight cylinder type. The side-stage recoil pipes 4 are arranged in a downward inclined mode.

Example 2:

the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: as shown in fig. 2, two hollow metal horn rings 3 are further arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body 1; the metal horn rings 3 are arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals.

This implementation increases metal horn ring 3 purpose is because utilize metal conductivity to ensure that the electric arc can get into arc-extinguishing tube body 1 smoothly, realizes the recoil function, and metal horn ring 3 also can play the effect of protection arc-extinguishing tube body.

Example 3:

this example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 3, the side-stage kick pipe 4 is of a horn type and is provided with two or more.

In the embodiment, the side-stage recoil pipe 4 is in a horn shape, the purpose is to increase the density difference, the temperature difference and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the pipe, the air flow recoil injection effect is stronger, and the arc extinguishing effect of the horn-shaped side-stage recoil pipe 4 is more obvious.

Example 4:

this example differs from example 1 in that: the number of the lightning electrodes 2 is three, and the lightning electrodes are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals; the lightning receiving electrode 2 is circular. The number of the side-stage recoil pipes 4 is one less than that of the lightning receiving electrodes 2; the side-stage recoil pipes 4 are oppositely and malposed on two sides of the arc extinguishing pipe body 1. The arc extinguishing tube body 1 and the side-level recoil tube 4 are made of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass or organic glass insulating materials. Three hollow metal horn rings 3 are also arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body 1; the metal horn rings 3 are arranged in the arc extinguishing tube body 1 at equal intervals.

This embodiment further increases the arc initiation and improves the arc extinguishing effect.

Example 5:

this embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: the lightning receiving electrode 2 is conical.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the implementation. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This list is not intended to be exhaustive or exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multistage horn-shaped recoil discharge arc-extinguishing tube comprises an arc-extinguishing tube body (1), a lightning receiving electrode (2) and a side-stage recoil tube (4); the method is characterized in that: the side-level recoil pipe (4) is arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing pipe body (1), and the side-level recoil pipe (4) is communicated with the arc extinguishing pipe body (1); the lightning receiving electrode (2) is embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body (1), and the lightning receiving electrodes (2) are arranged above and below the side-level recoil tube (4), so that the arc extinguishing tube body (1) forms a semi-closed space; the diameter of the arc extinguishing tube body (1) is gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the arc extinguishing tube body (1) is horn-shaped.

2. The multistage horn-type recoil discharge arc tube of claim 1, wherein: the number of the lightning electrodes (2) is at least two, and the lightning electrodes are embedded in the arc extinguishing tube body (1) at equal intervals; the lightning receiving electrode (2) is round or conical.

3. The multistage horn-type recoil discharge arc tube according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the side-stage recoil pipes (4) is one less than that of the lightning receiving electrodes (2); the side-level recoil pipes (4) are arranged on two sides of the arc extinguishing pipe body (1) in a staggered mode in the opposite direction; the arc extinguishing tube body (1) and the side-level recoil tube (4) are made of any one of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass and organic glass.

4. The multistage horn-type recoil discharge arc tube of claim 1, wherein: the arc extinguishing tube body (1) is also internally provided with at least two hollow metal horn rings (3).

5. The multistage horn-type recoil discharge arc tube of claim 1, wherein: the side-stage recoil pipe (4) is in a straight cylinder shape or a horn shape.

6. The multistage horn-type recoil discharge arc tube of claim 1, wherein: the side-stage recoil pipe (4) is arranged in a downward inclined mode.