CN111834870B - Plug-in type conical laser amplification device - Google Patents
Plug-in type conical laser amplification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111834870B CN111834870B CN202010660321.XA CN202010660321A CN111834870B CN 111834870 B CN111834870 B CN 111834870B CN 202010660321 A CN202010660321 A CN 202010660321A CN 111834870 B CN111834870 B CN 111834870B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/10023—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by functional association of additional optical elements, e.g. filters, gratings, reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/1065—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using liquid crystals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/1068—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using an acousto-optical device
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plug-in conical laser amplification device, which comprises a main frame, a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit and a second acousto-optic frequency shift unit, wherein the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit and the second acousto-optic frequency shift unit are arranged on the main frame, a first group of laser power amplification basic units in the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit, a third group of laser power amplification basic units and a fourth group of laser power amplification basic units in the second acousto-optic frequency shift unit respectively comprise a first amplifier fixed phase delay plate, a second amplifier fixed phase delay plate, a first laser isolator, a second laser isolator, a conical laser amplifier, an amplifier polarization beam splitter prism and a photoelectric detector. The invention solves the problems of lack of standards, poor stability, large occupied space, incapability of carrying and backing up and the like in the optical path of the traditional optical platform on one hand, and solves the problems of poor optical path upgradability, poor replaceability, narrow application range and the like of a special instrument on the other hand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of atomic molecular photophysical research, particularly relates to the field of cold atomic physics, and particularly relates to a conical laser amplification device for a modular optical system.
Background
The cone laser amplifier (TA) belongs to the optical equipment which is easy to damage and age, and is often required to be replaced and maintained. For a conventional optical system, which is placed on an optical platform and consists of a TA and a large number of optical devices, each time such maintenance is performed, the optical parameters of the following optical path, including but not limited to optical path, laser power, spot quality, etc., are affected. The change of the parameters means that the experimental conditions are changed, and the uncertainty factor in the experimental research is increased; on the other hand, researchers are required to spend a lot of time and effort to recover and optimize these parameters. However, the optical parameters of the integrated optical system used in the complete equipment are already fixed, and therefore, it is difficult to have the function of further optimizing the parameters.
Along with the progress of experimental research, the functions required by the experimental research become more and more complex. In order to meet the requirement of the experimental function, optical devices are required to be added continuously and improved continuously; meanwhile, many experiments have higher and higher requirements on stability, and especially precise measurement experiments often require integral measurement which is continuously stable for a long time of tens of hours or even tens of days. Therefore, how to design an optical system that meets the stability requirement and has a certain improvement under the condition that the complexity and the uncertain factors of the optical system are increased is a problem to be solved in the current atomic molecular photophysics research field.
Based on the requirements, a TA device which is time division multiplexing, multi-purpose and optical fiber plug-and-play type is designed, and the TA device can be used in research type laser cooling atomic experiments. Compared with a TA system in a traditional optical path, the device has the following four advantages: 1. according to the function modularization design, the research type optical system which needs to be adjusted and improved can realize free combination and carrying; 2. the plug-and-play and standardized design is convenient for mass production, and the problem module can be quickly replaced as a backup, so that the working efficiency of a laboratory is greatly improved; 3. the integrated design is convenient for environment integrated control, reduces the interference of external electromagnetic noise, can better monitor and feedback control parameters such as temperature, power and the like, and ensures the stability; 4. the optical fiber laser beam combiner has various functions, has the functions of time division multiplexing, laser beam combination and the like, and meets various requirements when being used as a light source. Namely, the device has the characteristics of portability and stability of the integrated optical system, and has the advantages of being improved by a traditional optical system.
The invention has the characteristics of modularization and improvement, and can be used as a replaceable and standardized component which can continuously run for a long time and needs to be adjusted and improved in the future of a large-scale optical system; the optical fiber can also be used as a basic element for amplifying laser power and is flexibly combined with other functional modules to construct optical systems with different functions; meanwhile, the laser can be used as a single functional module to meet the requirements of other laser power amplification in the field of atomic molecular photophysics research. Take a long baseline atomic interferometer as an example: the atom interferometer technology developed based on the laser cooling and trapping neutral atom technology is already applied to the precise measurement field of inertia physical quantities such as gravity, gravity gradient, rotation and the like. Briefly, an atomic interferometer uses a pair of lasers (or called a dual-frequency laser, and called raman light in the atomic physics field) with a frequency difference equal to that of two lower-level hyperfine cleavages of an atom to perform beam splitting, reflection and beam combining operations on the laser-cooled (extremely weak in thermal motion) atom, writes a laser phase sensitive to space into a state superposition phase of the atom, and finally obtains a motion state of the atom in the space by measuring the state superposition phase of the atom so as to calculate gravity or rotation information of a reference system. With the improvement of the measurement accuracy of the atomic interferometer, there are several international countries that propose a scheme for detecting gravitational waves by using a long-baseline atomic interferometer, such as literature (Resonant mode for digital wave detectors based on atomic interferometry, peter w. Graham, physical Review D, volume 94 (104022), pages 1-10, 2016). The Chinese institute of precision measurement and technology plans to establish a 300-meter long baseline atomic interferometer for gravitational wave detection, equivalence principle inspection and the like in marsh mountain of Hubei province. The optical system is an important component of the atomic interferometer, and in such a large-scale precision measurement system based on the atomic interferometer, a huge and complicated optical path system must be involved. The maximum depth of the system is over 300 meters and the arm length is over 10 kilometers, as described in the literature (ZAIGA: ZHaoshan Long-Baseline Atom Instrument visualization Antenna, ming-Sheng Zhan et al, international Journal of model Physics D volume 28 (1940005), pp.1-20, 2019).
Although researchers and engineers have developed specialized instrument optical paths for practical atomic interferometers, such as those in the literature (a portable laser system for high-precision atomic interferometers, m.schmidt et al, applied Physics B, vol 102, pages 11-18, 2011). The optical system employs four modules to implement the cooling light, pump back light, raman light, and probe light required for gravity measurements, occupying four levels in a 19 inch cabinet. However, the light intensity ratio of the dual-frequency components constituting the raman light in the optical system lacks a means for remote adjustment, and the stability of the light intensity ratio directly determines the stability of the measurement result, so that feedback locking of the light intensity ratio cannot be realized, which is not favorable for remote measurement. In order to improve the integration and stability of optical systems, researchers have proposed and implemented a simplified optical system solution that eliminates the two-dimensional pre-cooling (called two-dimensional magneto-optical trap or 2D-MOT in the physical field) and atomic fountain functions (not having atoms thrown up and then down, but directly released in situ) of atoms, such as the literature (a cooled atomic draft with a single laser beam, q.bodart et al, applied. Physics. Let. Volume 96, page 134101, year 2010) and the literature (the publication of a composite one-cut laser system for atomic inter-meter-based gradiometer, j.fang et al, optics Express, volume 26, page 1586-1596, 2018). However, as is known from the measurement principle of the atomic interferometer, for a three-pulse atomic interferometer, the phase shift Δ Φ of the atomic interference fringe (equivalent to the final measurement sensitivity at the same noise level) is proportional to the square of the free flight time T of the atom during the measurement, and is formulated as Δ Φ = keff · gT2, where keff is the wave vector of the laser. It can be seen that the measurement sensitivity of the release-type atomic interferometer is only 1/4 of that of the fountain-type atomic interferometer in the interference region of the same size. The elimination of the two-dimensional pre-cooling device reduces the speed of cold atom preparation by a factor of two, although reducing the laser power requirement during the whole experiment, but at the same time increases the time taken for measurement, which also results in a reduction in the measurement sensitivity (which is inversely proportional to the square root of the total time of measurement). Meanwhile, as special instrument optical paths, the optical paths all face the problems of poor upgradability, difficult replacement, narrow application range, complex maintenance and the like; it is difficult to meet the laser performance requirements of future large systems such as long baseline atomic interferometers.
The invention is a monitoring, adjustable and multifunctional plug-and-play TA device which can ensure the high performance and long-term stable working requirements of a large optical system. Due to the diversity and reliability of functions, the device can also be used in the research fields of laser spectroscopy, atomic cooling and control, quantum precision measurement and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an plug-in type conical laser amplification device.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following specific technical means:
an instant-inserting type conical laser amplification device comprises a main frame and a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit arranged on the main frame,
the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit comprises a first group of laser power amplification basic units, a first optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber coupler, a third optical fiber coupler, a first liquid crystal slide, a first polarization beam splitter prism, a second polarization beam splitter prism, a first fixed phase retarder, a second fixed phase retarder, a third fixed phase retarder, a first reflector, a second reflector, a third reflector, a fourth reflector, a first acousto-optic frequency shifter and a second acousto-optic frequency shifter,
laser enters from the first optical fiber coupler, sequentially passes through the first group of laser power amplification basic units and the first liquid crystal slide, then is divided into two paths through the first polarization beam splitter prism, and one path of reflected laser passes through the first fixed phase delay piece and then is reflected from the second polarization beam splitter prism; after being reflected by a third reflector and a fourth reflector, the frequency is shifted through a first acousto-optic frequency shifter; the primary light generated after frequency shift is combined into the optical fiber through the second optical fiber coupler after passing through the second fixed phase delay piece, and the frequency of the other path of transmission laser is shifted through the second acousto-optic frequency shifter after being reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector; and primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a third optical fiber coupler after passing through a third fixed phase delay piece.
An instant-inserting type conical laser amplification device also comprises a second sound light frequency shift unit arranged on a main frame,
the second acousto-optic frequency shift unit comprises a third group of laser power amplification basic unit, a fourth group of laser power amplification basic unit, a seventh optical fiber coupler, an eighth optical fiber coupler, a ninth optical fiber coupler, a tenth optical fiber coupler, a second liquid crystal slide, a third polarization beam splitter prism, a fourth fixed phase retarder, a fifth reflector, a sixth reflector, a seventh reflector, an eighth reflector, a ninth reflector, a tenth reflector, a third acousto-optic frequency shifter and a fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter,
laser enters from a seventh optical fiber coupler, sequentially passes through a third group of laser power amplification basic units and a second liquid crystal slide, is reflected by a fifth reflector and a sixth reflector and enters a third polarization beam splitter prism, the number of the laser paths is two after the third polarization beam splitter prism, one path of the laser is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitter prism to form first laser beams to be combined, the other path of the laser is reflected by the third polarization beam splitter prism to form second laser beams to be combined,
laser is incident from an eighth optical fiber coupler, passes through a fourth group of laser power amplification basic units and a third liquid crystal slide in sequence to adjust the phase, is reflected by a ninth reflector, passes through a third polarization beam splitting prism and then is divided into two paths, one path of laser is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitting prism to form third to-be-combined laser, the other path of laser is reflected by the third polarization beam splitting prism to form fourth to-be-combined laser,
the first laser to be combined and the fourth laser to be combined are combined to form first combined laser after being combined, and the first combined laser is reflected by the seventh reflector and the eighth reflector in sequence and then frequency-shifted by the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter; the primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a tenth optical fiber coupler after passing through a fifth fixed phase delay plate,
the second laser beam to be combined and the third laser beam to be combined are combined to form second combined laser after beam combination, and the second combined laser beam is reflected by a tenth reflector and then frequency shifted through a third acousto-optic frequency shifter; and the primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a ninth optical fiber coupler after passing through a fourth fixed phase delay piece.
The first group of laser power amplification basic units, the third group of laser power amplification basic units and the fourth group of laser power amplification basic units all comprise a first amplifier fixed phase retarder, a second amplifier fixed phase retarder, a first laser isolator, a second laser isolator, a conical laser amplifier, an amplifier polarization splitting prism and a photoelectric detector,
laser sequentially passes through a first amplifier fixed phase retarder, namely a laser isolator, a conical laser amplifier, a second laser isolator and a second amplifier fixed phase retarder and then enters an amplifier polarization beam splitter prism, and is divided into two paths by the amplifier polarization beam splitter prism, wherein one path of transmitted laser enters a subsequent light path after being emitted; the other path of reflected laser is incident to the photoelectric detector and converted into an electric signal to be output as a monitoring signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the main frame is formed by processing a whole block of material, and structurally comprises a base plate and side walls which are connected into a whole; from the analysis of mechanics angle, this kind of disjunctor structure can greatly improve the intensity of lateral wall, can improve the stability of the position and the angle of installing each fiber coupler on the lateral wall, and the lateral wall also plays the reinforcing effect to the base plate simultaneously, reduces the deformation volume under dead weight and the external force effect.
2. Compared with the optical path on the optical platform, the optical path is integrated into the optical box, so that the stability of the optical system is improved: the temperature control of the invention is convenient, and the cleaning of the light path is facilitated; space is saved. And is portable and replaceable.
3. The laser power amplifying unit can meet the requirements of various laser powers, has more adjusting spaces, and can realize the quick replacement of the laser amplifying module.
4. The output power and the optical path can be remotely changed by adjusting the liquid crystal glass, so that the laser amplification module is fully and effectively utilized.
The invention solves the problems of lack of standards, poor stability, large occupied space, incapability of carrying and backing up and the like in the optical path of the traditional optical platform, and solves the problems of poor upgradability, poor replaceability, narrow application range and the like of the optical path of a special instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser power amplifying basic unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first ACF unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second acoustic optical frequency shift unit;
detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples in order to facilitate understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it should be understood that the examples described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following combinations are based on85Rb、87The working principle of the invention is specifically explained by combining two embodiments according to the requirement of the Rb two-component atomic interferometer on laser power.
Example one
A plug-in type conical laser amplification device comprises a main frame and a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit.
The main frame comprises a substrate and side walls arranged on four sides of the substrate, photoelectric interfaces and optical scale holes are arranged on the side walls, and the main frame is integrally of a concave structure. The photoelectric interface is used for outputting a control signal and a monitoring signal. The optical scale aperture is similar to a ruler engraved on the side wall to facilitate laser adjustment. The optical fiber coupler is also installed on the side wall, the substrate is provided with a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit (except for the first optical fiber coupler 211, the second optical fiber coupler 212 and the third optical fiber coupler 213), and the first optical fiber coupler 211, the second optical fiber coupler 212 and the third optical fiber coupler 213 are arranged on the side wall.
The first acousto-optic frequency shift unit includes a first group of laser power amplification basic unit 301, a first optical fiber coupler 211, a second optical fiber coupler 212, a third optical fiber coupler 213, a first liquid crystal slide 221, a first polarization beam splitter 231, a second polarization beam splitter 232, a first fixed phase retarder 241, a second fixed phase retarder 242, a third fixed phase retarder 243, a first mirror 251, a second mirror 252, a third mirror 253, a fourth mirror 254, a first acousto-optic frequency shifter 261 and a second acousto-optic frequency shifter 262.
As shown in fig. 2, laser light enters from the first fiber coupler 211 and passes through the first group of laser power amplification basic units 301 and the first liquid crystal slide 221 in sequence to adjust the direction and the phase; and then divided into two paths by the first polarization splitting prism 231. One path of reflected laser is reflected from the second polarization beam splitter prism 232 after passing through the first fixed phase retarder 241; after being reflected by the third reflector 253 and the fourth reflector 254, the frequency is shifted by the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 261; the primary light generated after the frequency shift passes through the second fixed phase retardation plate 242 and is coupled into the optical fiber by the second optical fiber coupler 212. The other path of transmitted laser is reflected by the first reflector 251 and the second reflector 252, and then is frequency-shifted by the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 262; the first order light generated after the frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by the third optical fiber coupler 213 after passing through the third fixed phase retarder 243.
Wherein the laser polarization is changed by changing the input voltage of the first liquid crystal slide 221; the power of the transmitted light and the incident light passing through the first polarization splitting prism 231 is changed, so that the output power of the second fiber coupler 212 and the third fiber coupler 213 is changed; the requirement of a non-simultaneous process on the high-power laser can be met in a time-sharing mode when one high-power laser beam is achieved. By controlling the frequency shift of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 261 and the radio frequency turn-off of the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 262, the first-order diffraction light does not exist after the laser passes through the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 261 or the second acousto-optic frequency shifter 262, and therefore the laser power output by the second optical fiber coupler 212 and the third optical fiber coupler 213 of the device is enabled to be zero rapidly
The substrate is also provided with symmetrical acousto-optic frequency shift units (except a fourth optical fiber coupler 214, a fifth optical fiber coupler 215 and a sixth optical fiber coupler 216) which are symmetrically distributed with the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit, the fourth optical fiber coupler 214, the fifth optical fiber coupler 215 and the sixth optical fiber coupler 216 are arranged on the side wall, and elements of the symmetrical acousto-optic frequency shift units are the same as and symmetrically distributed with the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit.
As shown in the lower half of fig. 2, laser light is incident from the fourth fiber coupler 214 and exits from the fifth fiber coupler 215 and the sixth fiber coupler 216, and the optical path structure in the symmetric acousto-optic frequency shift unit is completely symmetric with the optical path structure in the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit.
In the embodiment, power amplification of multiple beams of laser can be realized, and time division multiplexing of the conical laser amplifier can be realized. In the experimental system, the seed light of the laser is amplified and used as87Rb、85Cooling light, probe light, back pumping light and state preparation light of Rb atoms.
Example two
In addition to the first embodiment, a second optical frequency shift unit (except for the seventh optical fiber coupler 217, the eighth optical fiber coupler 218, the ninth optical fiber coupler 219, and the tenth optical fiber coupler 2110) is disposed on the substrate, the seventh optical fiber coupler 217, the eighth optical fiber coupler 218, the ninth optical fiber coupler 219, and the tenth optical fiber coupler 2110 are disposed on the sidewall, and the second optical frequency shift unit includes a third group of laser power amplification basic unit 303, a fourth group of laser power amplification basic unit 304, a seventh optical fiber coupler 217, the eighth optical fiber coupler 218, a ninth optical fiber coupler 219, a tenth optical fiber coupler 2110, a second liquid crystal 222, a third liquid crystal slide 223, a third polarization splitting prism 233, a fourth fixed phase retarder 244, a fifth fixed phase retarder 245, a fifth reflecting mirror 255, a sixth reflecting mirror 256, a seventh reflecting mirror 257, an eighth reflecting mirror 258, a ninth reflecting mirror 259, a tenth reflecting mirror 2510, a third acoustic optical frequency shifter 263, and a fourth acoustic optical frequency shifter 264.
As shown in fig. 3, laser light enters from the seventh fiber coupler 217, passes through the third group of laser power amplification basic unit 303 and the second liquid crystal slide 222 in sequence to adjust the phase, is reflected by the fifth reflecting mirror 255 and the sixth reflecting mirror 256, and then passes through the third polarization splitting prism 233 to form two paths. One path of the laser light is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitter prism 233 to form first laser light to be combined, and the other path of the laser light is reflected by the third polarization beam splitter prism 233 to form second laser light to be combined.
Laser is incident from the eighth fiber coupler 218, passes through the fourth group of laser power amplification basic units 304 and the third liquid crystal glass 223 in sequence to adjust the phase, is reflected by the ninth reflector 259, and then passes through the third polarization beam splitter prism 233 to form two paths. One path of the laser beam is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitter prism 233 to form a third laser beam to be combined, and the other path of the laser beam is reflected by the third polarization beam splitter prism 233 to form a fourth laser beam to be combined.
And finally, combining the first to-be-combined laser and the fourth to-be-combined laser to form a first combined laser after combination. The first combined laser is reflected by the seventh reflector 257 and the eighth reflector 258, and then frequency-shifted by the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter 264; the primary light generated after the frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by the tenth optical fiber coupler 2110 after passing through the fifth fixed phase retarder 245. When the radio frequency input of the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter 264 is turned off, the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter 264 cannot shift the frequency of the first combined laser; the optical path of the first combined laser light is thus changed, so that the first combined laser light cannot be coupled into the optical fiber by the tenth optical fiber coupler 2110. And combining the second laser beam to be combined and the third laser beam to be combined to form a second combined laser beam after the combination. After being reflected by the tenth reflector 2510, the second combined beam laser is frequency-shifted by the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 263; the primary light generated after the frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by the ninth fiber coupler 219 after passing through the fourth fixed phase retarder 244. Similarly, after the rf input of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 263 is turned off, the second combined laser cannot be coupled into the optical fiber by the ninth optical fiber coupler 219; thereby making the output laser power zero.
Wherein the laser polarization is changed by changing the input voltage of the second liquid crystal slide 222; so that the power of the incident light and the transmission light of the laser light passing through the third polarization splitting prism 233 is changed. Similarly, the powers of the transmission light of the laser light through the third polarization splitting prism 233 and the incident light can be changed by changing the input voltage of the third liquid crystal slide 223. Therefore, the output laser power of the ninth fiber coupler 219 and the tenth fiber coupler 2110 can be adjusted. By controlling the frequency shift of the third acousto-optic frequency shifter 263 and the radio frequency of the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter 264 to be turned off, the laser power output by the ninth optical fiber coupler 219 and the tenth optical fiber coupler 2110 of the present device can be rapidly made to be zero.
In this embodiment, the multiple laser beams are amplified and then combined into a beam, and the time division multiplexing of the tapered laser amplifier is realized. In the experimental system, the87Rb with85The Rb cooling light is subjected to beam combination and splitting after secondary amplification and is respectively used as the cooling light of the two-dimensional magneto-optical trap and the cooling light of the three-dimensional magneto-optical trap.
As shown in fig. 1, each of the first to fourth groups of laser power amplification basic units 301 to 304 includes a first amplifier fixed phase retarder 101, a second amplifier fixed phase retarder 102, a first laser isolator 111, a second laser isolator 112, a tapered laser amplifier 120, an amplifier polarization splitting prism 130, and a photodetector 140.
The laser passes through the first amplifier fixed phase retarder 101, then sequentially passes through the first laser isolator 111, the conical laser amplifier 120, the second laser isolator 112 and the second amplifier fixed phase retarder 102, and is divided into two paths by the amplifier polarization beam splitter prism 130. One path of transmission laser enters a subsequent light path after being emitted; the other path of reflected laser light enters the photoelectric detector 140 and is converted into an electric signal to be output as a monitoring signal. The input current of the conical laser amplifier 120 is controlled by monitoring signals, so as to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the output power; when the monitoring signal is far away from the normal value, the purpose of protecting the light path can be achieved by turning off the tapered laser amplifier 120. After the laser is amplified with a power by the tapered laser amplifier 120, the splitting ratio of the amplifier polarization splitting prism 130 can be changed by adjusting the second amplifier fixed phase retarder 102, so that the initial output signal of the photodetector 140 is a reasonable value.
In summary, the present invention discloses an instant insertion type conical laser amplification device, which solves the problems of standardization, replacement, monitoring and remote control of large optical paths for large atomic interferometers and other items. The laser power requirement is met, and the laser power control device has the advantages of being strong in robustness, saving space and convenient to calibrate and maintain. The method provides basic hardware equipment for detecting gravitational wave, gravitational red shift and weak equivalence principle.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments, or alternatives may be employed, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. An instant-inserting type conical laser amplification device comprises a main frame and is characterized by also comprising a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit arranged on the main frame,
the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit comprises a first group of laser power amplification basic unit (301), a first optical fiber coupler (211), a second optical fiber coupler (212), a third optical fiber coupler (213), a first liquid crystal slide (221), a first polarization beam splitter prism (231), a second polarization beam splitter prism (232), a first fixed phase retarder (241), a second fixed phase retarder (242), a third fixed phase retarder (243), a first reflector (251), a second reflector (252), a third reflector (253), a fourth reflector (254), a first acousto-optic frequency shifter (261) and a second acousto-optic frequency shifter (262),
laser is incident from a first optical fiber coupler (211), sequentially passes through a first group of laser power amplification basic units (301) and a first liquid crystal glass (221), then passes through a first polarization beam splitter prism (231) and is divided into two paths, and one path of reflected laser is reflected from a second polarization beam splitter prism (232) after passing through a first fixed phase retarder (241); after being reflected by a third reflector (253) and a fourth reflector (254), the frequency is shifted through a first acousto-optic frequency shifter (261); the primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a second optical fiber coupler (212) after passing through a second fixed phase delay piece (242), and the frequency of the other path of transmission laser is shifted by a second acousto-optic frequency shifter (262) after being reflected by a first reflecting mirror (251) and a second reflecting mirror (252); the primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a third optical fiber coupler (213) after passing through a third fixed phase delay plate (243),
the main frame comprises a substrate and side walls arranged on four sides of the substrate, a first group of laser power amplification basic units (301) of a first acousto-optic frequency shift unit, a first liquid crystal slide (221), a first polarization beam splitter (231), a second polarization beam splitter (232), a first fixed phase retarder (241), a second fixed phase retarder (242), a third fixed phase retarder (243), a first reflector (251), a second reflector (252), a third reflector (253), a fourth reflector (254), a first acousto-optic frequency shifter (261) and a second acousto-optic frequency shifter (262) are arranged on the substrate, and a first optical fiber coupler (211), a second optical fiber coupler (212) and a third optical fiber coupler (213) of the first acousto-optic frequency shift unit are arranged on the side walls.
2. The plug-in type conical laser amplification device of claim 1, further comprising a second acoustic optical frequency shift unit disposed on the main frame,
the second acoustic optical frequency shift unit comprises a third group of laser power amplification basic unit (303), a fourth group of laser power amplification basic unit (304), a seventh optical fiber coupler (217), an eighth optical fiber coupler (218), a ninth optical fiber coupler (219), a tenth optical fiber coupler (2110), a second liquid crystal slide (222), a third liquid crystal slide (223), a third polarization beam splitter prism (233), a fourth fixed phase retarder (244), a fifth fixed phase retarder (245), a fifth reflector (255), a sixth reflector (256), a seventh reflector (257), an eighth reflector (258), a ninth reflector (259), a tenth reflector (2510), a third acousto-optic frequency shifter (263) and a fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter (264),
laser enters from a seventh optical fiber coupler (217), sequentially passes through a third group of laser power amplification basic unit (303) and a second liquid crystal slide (222), is reflected by a fifth reflector (255) and a sixth reflector (256) to enter a third polarization beam splitter prism (233), and is divided into two paths after passing through the third polarization beam splitter prism (233), one path of laser is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitter prism (233) to form first laser beams to be combined, the other path of laser is reflected by the third polarization beam splitter prism (233) to form second laser beams to be combined,
laser is incident from an eighth optical fiber coupler (218), passes through a fourth group of laser power amplification basic units (304) and a third liquid crystal slide (223) in sequence to adjust the phase, is reflected by a ninth reflector (259) and then passes through a third polarization beam splitter prism (233) to form two paths, one path of laser is transmitted from the third polarization beam splitter prism (233) to form third laser to be combined, the other path of laser is reflected by the third polarization beam splitter prism (233) to form fourth laser to be combined,
the first laser beam to be combined and the fourth laser beam to be combined are combined to form a first combined laser beam, and the first combined laser beam is reflected by the seventh reflector (257) and the eighth reflector (258) in sequence and then frequency-shifted by the fourth acousto-optic frequency shifter (264); the primary light generated after frequency shift is coupled into the optical fiber by a tenth optical fiber coupler (2110) after passing through a fifth fixed phase delay plate (245),
the second laser beam to be combined and the third laser beam to be combined are combined to form a second combined laser beam, and the second combined laser beam is reflected by a tenth reflector (2510) and then frequency-shifted by a third acousto-optic frequency shifter (263); the primary light generated after frequency shift passes through a fourth fixed phase delay plate (244) and is coupled into the optical fiber by a ninth optical fiber coupler (219).
3. The plug-in tapered laser amplification device according to claim 2, wherein the first set of laser power amplification base unit (301), the third set of laser power amplification base unit (303), and the fourth set of laser power amplification base unit (304) each comprise a first amplifier fixed phase retarder (101), a second amplifier fixed phase retarder (102), a first laser isolator (111), a second laser isolator (112), a tapered laser amplifier (120), an amplifier polarization splitting prism (130), and a photodetector (140),
laser sequentially passes through a first amplifier fixed phase delay plate (101), a first laser isolator (111), a conical laser amplifier (120), a second laser isolator (112) and a second amplifier fixed phase delay plate (102) and then enters an amplifier polarization beam splitter prism (130), the amplifier polarization beam splitter prism (130) divides the laser into two paths, and one path of transmitted laser enters a subsequent light path after being emitted; the other path of reflected laser light is incident to a photoelectric detector (140) and converted into an electric signal to be output as a monitoring signal.
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