CN111832833B - Bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on random statistical theory - Google Patents

Bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on random statistical theory Download PDF

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CN111832833B
CN111832833B CN202010712448.1A CN202010712448A CN111832833B CN 111832833 B CN111832833 B CN 111832833B CN 202010712448 A CN202010712448 A CN 202010712448A CN 111832833 B CN111832833 B CN 111832833B
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CN111832833A (en
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张磊
韩其为
黄海
王大宇
关见朝
王昭艳
方春明
毛继新
乐茂华
王友胜
李军
杜鹏飞
刘卉芳
赵莹
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Abstract

The invention provides a bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, calculating different water and sand conditions
Figure DDA0002596995050000011
The basic probability of the following. And secondly, calculating rolling parameters and rolling sand conveying rate under different water sand conditions based on the basic probability. And thirdly, calculating jumping parameters and jumping sand conveying rate under different water and sand conditions based on the elementary probability. And fourthly, solving the bed load sand transportation rate according to different weighting coefficients according to a formula. The invention provides a bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory, and aims to provide a sand transport rate calculation method capable of reasonably reflecting the weights of two different motion forms of bed load sand particles, so that reasonable prediction is realized in the sand transport calculation.

Description

Bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on random statistical theory
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulics and river dynamics, in particular to a bed load sand transportation rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory.
Background
In natural rivers, the sediment movement forms are generally divided into suspended sediment and bed load, wherein the bed load is very complicated in movement process and has more involved physical processes, and how to determine the sediment transport rate of the bed load is always a concern of scholars. A reasonable method for calculating the sediment transport rate of bed load is a key for accurately calculating the sediment transport size and is an important theoretical basis for predicting the riverbed evolution and solving the engineering sediment problem.
The bed load varies according to the form of movement and is generally divided into roll and jump. In previous research, the proposed bed load sand transport rate calculation method generally has the following two processing modes for different motion forms: (1) directly determining the bed load sand conveying rate according to the scouring rate without distinguishing rolling particles and jumping particles; (2) rolling and jumping grains are distinguished, but only treated by simple addition. In fact, the two motion forms of the bed load have different motion mechanisms, and the weights of the two motion forms under different hydraulic conditions are different, so that the two processing methods cannot reflect the real motion process. But at present, no reasonable solution is provided for the problem at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bed load sand transportation rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory, and aims to provide a sand transportation rate calculation method capable of reasonably reflecting the weights of two different motion forms of the bed load sand particles, so that reasonable prediction is realized in the sand transportation calculation.
The invention provides a bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory, which specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1, determining a calculation formula of the rolling sand transporting rate and the jumping sand transporting rate, which comprises the following steps:
s11, determining the sand conveying capacity of the river channel with unit width calculated by the number of grains according to the following formula:
q i.l ＝K i.l U i.l (i＝2,3,b)
in the formula, q i.l Representing bed load sand transport rate calculated in number of particles; k i.l The silt particle number of the particle size group I in the ith motion state is shown; subscripts 2, 3 and b of i respectively represent three motion states of rolling, jumping and bed load, subscript l represents sediment grain size group, U i.l Average velocity of particle size group;
s12, determining the number of bed surface moving in unit time according to the concept of exchange strength:
K b.l μ b.l U b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l U 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l U 3.l
in the formula, mu 2.l And mu 3.l The reciprocal of the scroll and jump single step distances, respectively; mu.s b.l Is an intermediate parameter;
s13, multiplying both sides of the formula of step S2 by the weight of a single silt
Figure BDA0002596995030000021
The relationship between sand transport rate by weight is obtained:
Figure BDA0002596995030000022
simplifying the above formula yields the following formula:
Figure BDA0002596995030000023
wherein, γ s Is the volume weight of the particles, D l Is the particle size of the particles,
Figure BDA0002596995030000024
representing bed load sand transport rate by weight;
Figure BDA0002596995030000025
represents the rolling sand transport rate by weight,
Figure BDA0002596995030000026
represents the jumping sand transport rate by weight,
Figure BDA0002596995030000027
and
Figure BDA0002596995030000028
is a weighting coefficient;
s14, according to the hypothesis K b.l μ b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l Determining the parameter mu b.l I.e.:
Figure BDA0002596995030000029
in the formula, K b.l ＝K 2.l +K 3.l Indicating the total number of particles rolling and jumping, K 2J For the total number of particles rolled, K 3J Is the total number of particles jumping;
s15, converting the formula of the step S14 into an expression form of sand conveying rate and rolling parameters which do not relate to the number of grains and jumping motion parameters,
Figure BDA0002596995030000031
the calculation formulas of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are respectively as follows:
Figure BDA0002596995030000032
Figure BDA0002596995030000033
Figure BDA0002596995030000034
Figure BDA0002596995030000035
in the formula, m 0 Denotes the weight of a single silt, t 2.0.l As the scroll time, t 3.0.l Representing the time, epsilon, from the start of the jumping grains on the bed surface to the vertical arrival of a high grain size 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l And beta l The basic probabilities respectively represent the non-stop probability, the starting probability, the take-off probability and the suspension probability;
s2, calculating different water and sand conditions
Figure BDA0002596995030000036
Lower epsilon 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l And beta l Four basic probabilities;
s3, based on the basic probability, calculating the rolling parameters and the rolling sand transporting rate under different water and sand conditions according to the rolling sand transporting rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1;
s4, calculating jumping parameters and jumping sand conveying rate under different water and sand conditions according to the jumping sand conveying rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1 based on the basic probability;
s5, calculating a weighting coefficient, and obtaining mu based on the calculation result of the rolling parameter of the step S3 2.l And U 2.l On the basis of the calculation result of the jump parameter in step S4, μ is obtained 3.l And U 3.l After the parameters are obtained, the calculation results of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are combined to obtain mu b.l To obtain a weighting coefficient
Figure BDA0002596995030000041
And
Figure BDA0002596995030000042
a value of (d); after the weighting coefficient is obtained by the formula, the rolling sand conveying rate is calculated
Figure BDA0002596995030000043
And jumping sand transport rate
Figure BDA0002596995030000044
According to the coefficient of
Figure BDA0002596995030000045
And
Figure BDA0002596995030000046
performing weighted averaging
Figure BDA0002596995030000047
The bed load sand transport rate is obtained.
Preferably, the method further comprises a step S6 of verifying the correctness of the calculation method through comparison with the measured data after calculating the bed load sand transportation rate according to the steps S1-S5, and if the difference is larger than the difference threshold, correcting the formula.
Preferably, the probability of no more than motion ε 0.l Start probability ε 1.l Take-off probability epsilon 2.0.l And suspension probability beta l The results of the calculations are shown in the following table:
V b /ω 0 ε 0,l ε 1,l ε 2,0,l β l
0.2238 6.485E-08 1.8E-11 0 0
0.2984 0.0001365 1.936E-06 0 0
0.4476 0.0219522 0.003783 6.49E-08 2E-12
0.5222 0.0636677 0.0174216 7.22E-06 1.15E-09
0.6714 0.2114149 0.0936547 0.000963 1.68E-06
0.8206 0.3932186 0.2262218 0.010287 7.17E-05
0.9698 0.5539232 0.3783494 0.039666 0.000647
1.119 0.6746944 0.517323 0.093655 0.00265
1.2682 0.7596017 0.6292277 0.168555 0.006943
1.492 0.8405266 0.7475314 0.302287 0.018257
1.6412 0.8748217 0.8010749 0.393219 0.028648
2.0142 0.9244995 0.8817248 0.58792 0.060691
2.3872 0.9489453 0.9222188 0.721036 0.095611
3.4316 0.9751361 0.9650484 0.888083 0.181623
4.0284 0.9809161 0.9741527 0.9245 0.219317
4.9982 0.9859629 0.9818668 0.953801 0.26624
5.8188 0.9883406 0.9853908 0.966218 0.295913
6.7886 0.990112 0.9879543 0.974654 0.322904
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a bed load sand transportation rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory, and aims to provide a sand transportation rate calculation method capable of reasonably reflecting the weights of two different motion forms of bed load sand particles, so that reasonable prediction is realized in the sand transportation calculation.
(2) The effect of particle rolling and particle jump on bed load transport and the occupied proportion are revealed from the mechanism level. In addition, the weighting coefficients of the two motion forms vary with the current conditions. According to the calculation result of the invention, in practical application, when the weight coefficient of the rolling sand transporting rate is close to 1, the jumping sand transporting rate can be ignored; when the saltating sand transport rate weight coefficient approaches 1, the rolling sand transport rate can be ignored. Through the processing, the workload of actual operation can be greatly simplified on the premise of ensuring the reasonability and accuracy of calculation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of a weighted addition and direct superposition bed load sand transport rate calculation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the calculated results with the measured Gilbert flume test values in an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the comparison of the results of the calculations of the present invention to the measured data of the U.S. channel station.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
S1, determining a calculation formula of the rolling sediment transport rate and the jumping sediment transport rate, which comprises the following steps:
s11, determining the sand conveying capacity of the river channel with unit width calculated by the number of grains according to the following formula:
q i.l ＝K i.l U i.l (i＝2,3,b)
in the formula, q i.l Representing bed load sand transport rate in particles; k i.l Representing the number of silt particles in a particle size group of an ith motion state; subscripts 2, 3 and b of i respectively represent three motion states of rolling, jumping and bed load, subscript l represents sediment grain size group, U i.l Average velocity in the particle size group;
s12, determining the number of bed surface moving in unit time according to the concept of exchange strength:
K b.l μ b.l U b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l U 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l U 3.l
in the formula, mu 2.l And mu 3.l The reciprocal of the scroll and jump single step distances, respectively; mu.s b.l Is an intermediate parameter;
s13, multiplying both sides of the formula of the step S2 by the weight of the single silt
Figure BDA0002596995030000061
The relationship between sand transport rate by weight is obtained:
Figure BDA0002596995030000062
simplifying the above formula yields the following formula:
Figure BDA0002596995030000063
wherein, γ s Is the volume weight of the particles, D l The particle size is the diameter of the particles,
Figure BDA0002596995030000064
representing bed load sand transport rate by weight;
Figure BDA0002596995030000065
represents the rolling sand transport rate by weight,
Figure BDA0002596995030000066
represents the jumping sand transport rate by weight,
Figure BDA0002596995030000067
and
Figure BDA0002596995030000068
is a weighting coefficient;
s14, according to the hypothesis K b.l μ b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l Determining the parameter mu b.l The calculation formula of (a), namely:
Figure BDA0002596995030000069
in the formula, K b.l ＝K 2.l +K 3.l Number of total particles, K, representing rolling and jumping 2J For the total number of particles rolled, K 3J Is the total number of particles jumping;
s15, converting the formula of the step S14 into an expression form of sand conveying rate and rolling parameters which do not relate to the number of grains and jumping motion parameters,
Figure BDA00025969950300000610
the calculation formulas of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are respectively as follows:
Figure BDA00025969950300000611
Figure BDA0002596995030000071
Figure BDA0002596995030000072
Figure BDA0002596995030000073
in the formula, m 0 Denotes the weight of a single silt, t 2.0.l As the scroll time, t 3.0.l Representing the time, ε, between the start of the jumping grains from the bed surface to the vertical arrival at a high grain size 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l And beta l The base probability represents the non-stop probability, the start probability, the take-off probability, and the hang-up probability, respectively. Probability of immobility epsilon 0.l Start probability ε 1.l Take-off probability epsilon 2.0.l And suspension probability beta l The calculation results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
V b /ω 0 ε 0,l ε 1,l ε 2,0,l β l
0.2238 6.485E-08 1.8E-11 0 0
0.2984 0.0001365 1.936E-06 0 0
0.4476 0.0219522 0.003783 6.49E-08 2E-12
0.5222 0.0636677 0.0174216 7.22E-06 1.15E-09
0.6714 0.2114149 0.0936547 0.000963 1.68E-06
0.8206 0.3932186 0.2262218 0.010287 7.17E-05
0.9698 0.5539232 0.3783494 0.039666 0.000647
1.119 0.6746944 0.517323 0.093655 0.00265
1.2682 0.7596017 0.6292277 0.168555 0.006943
1.492 0.8405266 0.7475314 0.302287 0.018257
1.6412 0.8748217 0.8010749 0.393219 0.028648
2.0142 0.9244995 0.8817248 0.58792 0.060691
2.3872 0.9489453 0.9222188 0.721036 0.095611
3.4316 0.9751361 0.9650484 0.888083 0.181623
4.0284 0.9809161 0.9741527 0.9245 0.219317
4.9982 0.9859629 0.9818668 0.953801 0.26624
5.8188 0.9883406 0.9853908 0.966218 0.295913
6.7886 0.990112 0.9879543 0.974654 0.322904
S2, and the formulas given in reference 1 and reference 2, and calculating different water sand conditions
Figure BDA0002596995030000081
Lower epsilon 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l And beta l Four basic probabilities;
s3, based on the basic probability, calculating the rolling parameters and the rolling sand transporting rate under different water and sand conditions according to the rolling sand transporting rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1;
s4, calculating jumping parameters and jumping sand transporting rate under different water and sand conditions according to the jumping sand transporting rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1 based on the basic probability;
s5, calculating a weighting coefficient, and obtaining mu based on the calculation result of the rolling parameter 2.l And U 2.l Obtaining mu based on the calculation result of the jump parameter 3.l And U 3.l After the parameters are obtained, the calculation results of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are combined to obtain the mu b.l To obtain a weighting coefficient
Figure BDA0002596995030000082
And
Figure BDA0002596995030000083
a value of (d); after the weighting coefficient is obtained by the formula, the rolling sand conveying rate is calculated
Figure BDA0002596995030000084
And jumping sand transport rate
Figure BDA0002596995030000085
According to the coefficient
Figure BDA0002596995030000086
And
Figure BDA0002596995030000087
performing weighted average to obtainAnd the bed load is transported to the sand bed.
And after the bed load sand transport rate is calculated, the correctness of the calculation method is verified through comparison with the actually measured data.
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by combining specific calculation examples, and meanwhile, the reasonability of the calculation result of the invention is explained by comparison analysis. Since the present invention relates to a method for calculating parameters of rolling and jumping motions including speed and single step distance based on the statistical theory of silt, which is not specifically described in the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention is described only on the basis of the method, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating different water and sand conditions
Figure BDA0002596995030000088
The basic probability of.
And secondly, calculating rolling parameters and rolling sand conveying rate under different water sand conditions based on the basic probability.
Thirdly, calculating jumping parameters and jumping sand conveying rate under different water sand conditions based on the basic probability.
Fourthly, the bed load sand transporting rate is obtained according to different weighting coefficients according to the formula.
Examples are: to is directed at
Figure BDA0002596995030000089
Under the hydraulic conditions in the range of 0.2238-6.7886, the bed load sand transport rate is calculated specifically, and the result is shown in Table 1 and figure 1, which shows the trend of increasing first and then decreasing, when the water pressure is in the range of 0.2238-6.7886
Figure BDA0002596995030000091
Nearby, the difference between the two is the largest, the directly added bed load sand transportation rate is 105% larger than that of the weighted addition calculation method provided by the invention, and the difference is gradually reduced later.
The results of this calculation were compared with the water tank test by Gilbert, and the results are shown in fig. 2 and 3. It can be seen that the calculation method provided by the invention not only can reflect the sediment particles in different movement forms in mechanism, but also can match the calculation result with a plurality of measured values, and can accurately calculate the sediment transport rate of the bed load.
TABLE 2 comparison of weighted addition and direct addition of bed load sand transport rate calculation methods
Figure BDA0002596995030000092
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A bed load sand transport rate calculation method based on a random statistical theory is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a calculation formula of the rolling sand transporting rate and the jumping sand transporting rate, which comprises the following steps:
s11, determining the sand conveying capacity of the river channel with unit width calculated by the number of grains according to the following formula:
q i.l ＝K i.l U i.l (i＝2,3,b)
in the formula, q i.l Representing bed load sand transport rate in particles; k i.l The silt particle number of the particle size group I in the ith motion state is shown; subscripts 2, 3 and b of i respectively represent three motion states of rolling, jumping and bed load, subscript l represents sediment grain size group, U i.l Average velocity in the particle size group;
s12, determining the number of bed surface moving in unit time according to the concept of exchange strength:
K b.l μ b.l U b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l U 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l U 3.l
in the formula, mu 2.l And mu 3.l The reciprocal of the distance representing the scrolling and jumping single steps, respectively; mu.s b.l Is an intermediate parameter;
s13, multiplying both sides of the formula of the step S12 by the weight of the single silt
Figure FDA0003768518850000011
The relationship between the sand transport rate by weight is then obtained:
Figure FDA0003768518850000012
simplifying the above equation yields the following formula:
Figure FDA0003768518850000013
wherein, γ s Is the volume weight of the particles, D l The particle size is the diameter of the particles,
Figure FDA0003768518850000014
expressing bed load sand transport rate by weight;
Figure FDA0003768518850000015
represents the rolling sand transport rate by weight,
Figure FDA0003768518850000016
represents the jumping sand transport rate by weight,
Figure FDA0003768518850000017
and
Figure FDA0003768518850000018
is a weighting coefficient;
s14, according to the hypothesis K b.l μ b.l ＝K 2.l μ 2.l +K 3.l μ 3.l Determining the parameter mu b.l The calculation formula of (a), namely:
Figure FDA0003768518850000021
in the formula, K b.l ＝K 2.l +K 3.l ，K b.l Number of total particles, K, representing rolling and jumping 2.l For the total number of particles rolled, K 3.l Is the total number of particles jumping;
s15, converting the formula of the step S14 into an expression form of sand conveying rate and rolling parameters which do not relate to the number of grains and jumping motion parameters,
Figure FDA0003768518850000022
the calculation formulas of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are respectively as follows:
Figure FDA0003768518850000023
Figure FDA0003768518850000024
Figure FDA0003768518850000025
Figure FDA0003768518850000026
in the formula, m 0 Denotes the weight of a single silt, t 2.0.l As the scroll time, t 3.0.l Represents the time from the starting of the jumping particles from the bed surface to the vertical reaching of a high particle size; psi 2.l And ε 3.l Healds for rolling and jumping respectivelyThe resultant probability; epsilon 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l 、ε 4.l And beta l The basic probabilities respectively represent the non-stop probability, the starting probability, the take-off probability, the suspension probability and the suspension probability;
s2, calculating different water and sand conditions
Figure FDA0003768518850000027
Lower epsilon 0.l 、ε 1.l 、ε 2.0.l And beta l Four basic probabilities;
s3, based on the basic probability, calculating the rolling parameters and the rolling sediment transport rate under different water and sediment conditions according to the rolling sediment transport rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1;
s4, calculating jumping parameters and jumping sand transporting rate under different water and sand conditions according to the jumping sand transporting rate calculation formula obtained in the step S1 based on the basic probability;
s5, calculating a weighting coefficient, and obtaining mu based on the calculation result of the rolling parameter in the step S3 2.l And U 2.l On the basis of the calculation result of the jump parameter in step S4, μ is obtained 3.l And U 3.l After the parameters are obtained, the calculation results of the rolling sand conveying rate and the jumping sand conveying rate are combined to obtain mu b.l To obtain a weighting coefficient
Figure FDA0003768518850000031
And
Figure FDA0003768518850000032
a value of (d); after the weighting coefficient is obtained by the formula, the rolling sand conveying rate is calculated
Figure FDA0003768518850000033
And jumping sand transport rate
Figure FDA0003768518850000034
According to the coefficient
Figure FDA0003768518850000035
And
Figure FDA0003768518850000036
performing weighted averaging
Figure FDA0003768518850000037
The bed load sand transport rate is obtained.
2. The method for calculating bed load sand transport rate based on stochastic statistic theory according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step S6, calculating the sediment transport rate of the bed load according to the steps S1-S5, and then verifying the correctness of the calculation method through comparison with the measured data.
3. The bed load sediment transport rate calculation method based on the stochastic statistical theory as claimed in claim 1, wherein: probability of immobility epsilon 0.l Start probability ε 1.l Take-off probability epsilon 2.0.l And suspension probability beta l The results of the calculations are shown in the following table:
V b /ω 0 ε 0,l ε 1,l ε 2,0,l β l 0.2238 6.485E-08 1.8E-11 0 0 0.2984 0.0001365 1.936E-06 0 0 0.4476 0.0219522 0.003783 6.49E-08 2E-12 0.5222 0.0636677 0.0174216 7.22E-06 1.15E-09 0.6714 0.2114149 0.0936547 0.000963 1.68E-06 0.8206 0.3932186 0.2262218 0.010287 7.17E-05 0.9698 0.5539232 0.3783494 0.039666 0.000647 1.119 0.6746944 0.517323 0.093655 0.00265 1.2682 0.7596017 0.6292277 0.168555 0.006943 1.492 0.8405266 0.7475314 0.302287 0.018257 1.6412 0.8748217 0.8010749 0.393219 0.028648 2.0142 0.9244995 0.8817248 0.58792 0.060691 2.3872 0.9489453 0.9222188 0.721036 0.095611 3.4316 0.9751361 0.9650484 0.888083 0.181623 4.0284 0.9809161 0.9741527 0.9245 0.219317 4.9982 0.9859629 0.9818668 0.953801 0.26624 5.8188 0.9883406 0.9853908 0.966218 0.295913 6.7886 0.990112 0.9879543 0.974654 0.322904
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