CN111828085A - Rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse - Google Patents
Rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse Download PDFInfo
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- CN111828085A CN111828085A CN202010717360.9A CN202010717360A CN111828085A CN 111828085 A CN111828085 A CN 111828085A CN 202010717360 A CN202010717360 A CN 202010717360A CN 111828085 A CN111828085 A CN 111828085A
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- tunnel
- channel
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- rescue channel
- tunnel collapse
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse, which comprises the following steps: s1: drilling a communication hole; drilling a communication hole between the tunnel door closing interval and the specific position of the person detected by the life detector by using a drilling machine; a plurality of connecting holes are drilled to form a connecting channel for conveying nutrition and medicines urgently needed by trapped personnel; s2: determining the excavation position of a rescue channel; comprehensively determining the excavation position of the rescue channel according to the length and the stability of the tunnel collapse body, the size of the living space of the trapped people and the distance between the earth surface and other channels; s3: excavating and constructing a rescue channel; the rescue channel is supported by half-frame wood, and the construction method adopts a plate inserting method; the scheme adopts local materials, the materials are easy to obtain, and meanwhile, the construction method is simple, the construction is quick, and trapped people can be effectively rescued in the shortest time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse.
Background
The tunnel construction scale is huge in China, and the tunnel door closing collapse sometimes occurs. The gate collapse means that when a constructor constructs a tunnel face, a partially constructed tunnel at the rear collapses to trap the constructor at the front inside and cannot leave a dangerous area. This situation generally occurs in a scenario where the secondary lining does not follow up in time and the primary lining support force in the collapse area is insufficient. When the tunnel is closed and collapsed, a constructor is trapped in a narrow dangerous area, and quick rescue of trapped people becomes a serious problem.
The traditional rescue method mainly utilizes manual excavation of an escape pilot tunnel or mechanical method to dig a channel, but the rescue speed is slow, or the disturbance to the soil body is large, so that secondary collapse is easy to occur. For example, CN102330564A discloses a pipeline escape system in tunnel construction accident, which is characterized in that a safety shed frame is arranged at a certain distance from the excavated tunnel face of the construction tunnel, the safety shed frame is connected with one end of an escape pipeline, the escape pipeline is a steel pipe or a concrete pipe, but the escape system is relatively complex, a specific propulsion method of the escape system is not indicated, and the mentioned concrete pipe has heavy self weight and is not easy to move. For example, CN202266293 develops a tunnel collapse life saving machine for rescuing trapped people, the method adopts a multilayer casing mode, a large-diameter steel pipe is firstly jacked in to serve as a construction channel, a medium-diameter steel pipe and a small-diameter steel pipe are sequentially inserted in the large-diameter steel pipe in a mechanical gradual jacking mode, the multilayer casing penetrates through a collapsed body to open a rescue channel, the method is an effective method for implementing manual rescue, but the method relates to jacking of multiple casings, the working procedures are more complicated, the soil discharging and the pipe jacking are not synchronous, the slag can be discharged when the pipe jacking is 2m, the manual slag discharging is adopted for a soil body, and the speed is lower. For example, CN104481582B discloses a rapid rescue method for tunnel door closing collapse, which includes constructing a pipe curtain construction device by using spiral unearthed pipe jacking pipes, and constructing a steel pipe capable of accommodating at least one person to pass through at the bottom of a door closing collapse area in an excavated tunnel, so that the steel pipe passes through the door closing collapse area and enters a construction operation area in the excavated tunnel, and at this time, the steel pipe forms an escape channel; however, the method needs to install the construction equipment at the safe position in the excavated tunnel, and the construction equipment has a complex structure and is not easy to move.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse, and aims to solve the technical problems that a construction method for building a rescue channel in the prior art is too complex and the rescue speed is slow.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a communication hole; after the life detection instrument is adopted to detect the number, specific positions, physical conditions, sizes of living spaces and other conditions of the trapped people, drilling a communication hole between a tunnel door closing section and the specific positions of the people detected by the life detection instrument by adopting a drilling machine according to the spatial position relation between the living space of the trapped people and the surrounding earth surface, adjacent tunnels and channels;
a plurality of communication holes are drilled to form a communication channel for conveying nutrition and medicines urgently needed by trapped personnel;
s2: determining the excavation position of a rescue channel; comprehensively determining the excavation position of the rescue channel according to the length and the stability of the tunnel collapse body, the size of the living space of the trapped people and the distance between the earth surface and other channels;
s3: excavating and constructing a rescue channel; the rescue channel is supported by half-frame wood, and the construction method adopts a plate inserting method.
According to the scheme, the communication holes are drilled firstly and used for knowing the physical health condition of the trapped person and the safety condition of the surrounding environment, corresponding rescue measures can be given to the person to be trapped quickly, meanwhile, psychological persuasion can be conducted on the trapped person effectively, the construction time can be strived for the establishment of a subsequent rescue channel, meanwhile, a rescue scheme aiming at the trapped person can be made quickly, the rescue efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile, a simple drilling method is adopted, and the operation is simple.
Further, the plate inserting construction in the step 3) comprises the following steps:
s31: measuring the excavation position of the rescue channel in the tunnel door closing interval;
s32: setting up bent frames with the same height as the rescue channel on the left side and the right side of the excavation position of the rescue channel respectively, and driving inserting plates between the set up bent frames along the top of the excavation position of the rescue channel;
the inserting plate has an upward inclined angle, and after the inserting plate is arranged, the lower part of the inserting plate is excavated;
after the excavation is finished, a cross beam is arranged at the top of the left side bent frame and the top of the right side bent frame and is connected with the left side bent frame and the right side bent frame;
and after the beam is arranged, the construction process of the step 32) is repeated along the position direction of the trapped people, and the whole excavation work of the rescue channel is finished.
The scheme adopts a plate inserting method to establish the excavation of the rescue tunnel, adopts wood materials which are light and can be obtained on site, reduces the transportation time of the materials, and simultaneously adopts the plate inserting method to drive the top of the rescue tunnel, thereby effectively preventing the earthwork at the top of the tunnel door closing interval from collapsing and increasing the excavation stability in the excavation process of the rescue tunnel; and the insertion plates have upward-inclined angles, and continuous experiments of the inventor prove that when the insertion plates have the upward-inclined angles, earthwork at the top of the tunnel door-closing interval can be enabled to gather applied gravity along the inclined direction of the insertion plates at the bottom of the insertion plates, the bottoms of the two insertion plates are connected with wood wedges, the insertion plates can be supported, pressure borne by the insertion plates can be dispersed, stability of the earthwork at the top of the tunnel door-closing interval can be better guaranteed, and construction safety of rescue tunnel excavation can be effectively improved.
Furthermore, a wood wedge is further arranged on the cross beam, and the wood wedge is connected with the bottom of the plug board and used for supporting the plug board;
and continuously driving the inserting plates into the space between the adjacent inserting plates.
This scheme still adopts to continue to squeeze into the picture peg between adjacent picture peg, because the picture peg has the angle of tilt up, so can form one section not possess the gravity that bears the earthwork at tunnel closing interval top between adjacent picture peg, so need continue to beat into the picture peg in this interval, can guarantee the stability at rescue tunnel top, guarantee that rescue tunnel top can not produce because of the gravity of earthwork and collapse, can improve the stability and the bearing capacity at rescue tunnel top.
Furthermore, the material of picture peg adopts plank or I-steel.
Further, the determination of the excavation position of the rescue channel in step 2) includes:
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is not more than 50m and the tunnel collapse body and the upper surrounding rock are relatively stable, excavating a rescue channel at the position close to the left side or the right side of the tunnel collapse body opening end;
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is more than 50m, and the space positions of the living space of trapped people, the ground surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are less than 50m, excavating a rescue channel from the space positions of the adjacent tunnel and the channel;
when the length of the tunnel collapse body and the lengths of the living space of the trapped people, the space positions of the earth surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are all larger than 50m, the excavation position of the rescue channel is determined according to the distance length, the surrounding rock condition and the collapse body condition.
Further, the height of the rescue channel is less than 2m, and the width of the rescue channel is less than 2 m.
Further, the drilling machine in the step 1) adopts a horizontal multifunctional drilling machine, and the aperture of the horizontal multifunctional drilling machine is 100-200 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides a rapid tunnel collapse rescue method which adopts local materials, is easy to obtain materials, is simple in construction method and rapid in construction, and can effectively rescue trapped people in a short time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a front view of a tunnel door closing section according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of the rescue tunnel of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view cross-sectional view of the rescue tunnel of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names:
1-tunnel door closing interval; 2-bent frame; 21-left side bent; 22-right side bent; 3, inserting a plate; 4-a cross beam; 5-wood wedge; 6-trapped person; 7-rescue tunnel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[ examples ] A method for producing a compound
As shown in fig. 1, the method for rapidly rescuing the collapse of the tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a communication hole; after the life detection instrument is adopted to detect the number, specific position, physical condition, size of living space and other conditions of the trapped person 6, drilling a communication hole between the tunnel door closing zone 1 and the specific position of the person detected by the life detection instrument by adopting a drilling machine according to the spatial position relation between the living space of the trapped person 6 and the surrounding earth surface, adjacent tunnels and channels;
a plurality of the communication holes are drilled to form a communication channel for conveying nutrition and medicines urgently needed by the trapped person 6;
s2: determining the excavation position of a rescue channel; comprehensively determining the excavation position of the rescue channel 7 according to the length and the stability of the tunnel collapse body, the size of the living space of the trapped people 6 and the distance between the earth surface and other channels;
s3: excavating and constructing a rescue channel; the rescue channel 7 is supported by half-frame wood, and the construction method adopts a plate inserting method.
According to the scheme, the communication holes are drilled firstly and used for knowing the physical health condition of the trapped person and the safety condition of the surrounding environment, corresponding rescue measures can be given to the person to be trapped quickly, meanwhile, psychological persuasion can be conducted on the trapped person effectively, the construction time can be strived for the establishment of a subsequent rescue channel, meanwhile, a rescue scheme aiming at the trapped person can be made quickly, the rescue efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile, a simple drilling method is adopted, and the operation is simple.
Further, the plate inserting construction in the step 3) comprises the following steps:
s31: measuring the excavation position of the rescue channel 7 on the tunnel door closing interval 1;
s32: setting up bent frames 2 with the same height as the rescue channel 7 on the left side and the right side of the excavation position of the rescue channel 7 respectively, and driving inserting plates 3 into the positions between the set up bent frames 2 along the top of the excavation position of the rescue channel 7;
the inserting plate 3 has an upward inclined angle, and after the inserting plate 3 is arranged, the lower part of the inserting plate 3 is excavated;
after the excavation is finished, a cross beam 4 is arranged at the top of the left bent frame 21 and the right bent frame 22, and the cross beam 4 is connected with the left bent frame 21 and the right bent frame 22;
and (4) after the beam 4 is arranged, continuing to repeat the construction process of the step 32) along the position direction of the trapped person 6, namely finishing the whole excavation work of the rescue channel 7.
The scheme adopts a plate inserting method to establish the excavation of the rescue tunnel, adopts wood materials which are light and can be obtained on site, reduces the transportation time of the materials, and simultaneously adopts the plate inserting method to drive the top of the rescue tunnel, thereby effectively preventing the earthwork at the top of the tunnel door closing interval from collapsing and increasing the excavation stability in the excavation process of the rescue tunnel; and the insertion plates have upward-inclined angles, and continuous experiments of the inventor prove that when the insertion plates have the upward-inclined angles, earthwork at the top of the tunnel door-closing interval can be enabled to gather applied gravity along the inclined direction of the insertion plates at the bottom of the insertion plates, the bottoms of the two insertion plates are connected with wood wedges, the insertion plates can be supported, pressure borne by the insertion plates can be dispersed, stability of the earthwork at the top of the tunnel door-closing interval can be better guaranteed, and construction safety of rescue tunnel excavation can be effectively improved.
Furthermore, a wood wedge 5 is also arranged on the cross beam 4, and the wood wedge 5 is connected with the bottom of the inserting plate 3 and used for supporting the inserting plate 3;
and the inserting plates 3 are driven into the space between the adjacent inserting plates 3.
This scheme still adopts to continue to squeeze into the picture peg between adjacent picture peg, because the picture peg has the angle of tilt up, so can form one section not possess the gravity that bears the earthwork at tunnel closing interval top between adjacent picture peg, so need continue to beat into the picture peg in this interval, can guarantee the stability at rescue tunnel top, guarantee that rescue tunnel top can not produce because of the gravity of earthwork and collapse, can improve the stability and the bearing capacity at rescue tunnel top.
Furthermore, the material of the inserting plate 3 is a wood plate or I-steel.
Further, the determination of the excavation position of the rescue channel 7 in step 2) includes:
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is not more than 50m and the tunnel collapse body and the upper surrounding rock are relatively stable, excavating a rescue channel 7 at the position close to the left side or the right side of the tunnel collapse body opening end;
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is more than 50m, and the space positions of the living space of trapped people, the ground surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are less than 50m, excavating a rescue channel 7 from the space positions of the adjacent tunnel and the channel;
and when the length of the tunnel collapse body and the lengths of the living space of the trapped people, the space positions of the earth surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are more than 50m, determining the excavation position of the rescue channel 7 according to the distance length, the surrounding rock condition and the collapse body condition.
Further, the height of the rescue channel 7 is less than 2m, and the width is less than 2 m.
Further, the drilling machine in the step 1) adopts a horizontal multifunctional drilling machine, and the aperture of the horizontal multifunctional drilling machine is 100-200 mm.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for rapidly rescuing the tunnel collapse is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: drilling a communication hole; after the life detection instrument is used for detecting the number, specific positions, physical conditions, sizes of living spaces and other conditions of the trapped people (6), drilling a communication hole between the tunnel door closing section (1) and the specific positions of the people detected by the life detection instrument by using a drilling machine according to the spatial position relation between the living space of the trapped people (6) and the surrounding earth surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel;
a plurality of communication holes are drilled to form a communication channel for conveying nutrition and medicines urgently needed by trapped personnel (6);
s2: determining the excavation position of a rescue channel; comprehensively determining the excavation position of the rescue channel (7) according to the length and the stability of the tunnel collapse body, the size of the living space of the trapped people (6) and the distances between the earth surface and other channels;
s3: excavating and constructing a rescue channel; the rescue channel (7) is supported by half-frame wood, and the construction method adopts a plate inserting method.
2. The method for rapidly rescuing the tunnel collapse according to claim 1, wherein the plate inserting construction in the step 3) comprises the steps of:
s31: measuring the excavation position of the rescue channel on the tunnel door closing interval (1);
s32: building bent frames (2) with the same height as the rescue channel on the left side and the right side of the excavation position of the rescue channel (7), and driving inserting plates (3) between the built bent frames (2) along the top of the excavation position of the rescue channel (7);
the inserting plate (3) is provided with an upward inclined angle, and after the inserting plate (3) is arranged, the lower part of the inserting plate (3) is excavated;
after excavation is finished, a cross beam (4) is arranged at the top of the left side bent frame (21) and the right side bent frame (22), and the cross beam (4) is connected with the left side bent frame (21) and the right side bent frame (22);
and (3) after the beam (4) is arranged, continuing to repeat the construction process in the step 32) along the position direction of the trapped personnel, namely finishing the whole excavation work of the rescue channel (7).
3. The method for rapidly rescuing the tunnel collapse according to claim 2, wherein a wooden wedge (5) is further arranged on the cross beam (4), and the wooden wedge (5) is connected with the bottom of the inserting plate (3) and used for supporting the inserting plate (3);
and inserting plates (3) are continuously driven into the space between the adjacent inserting plates (3).
4. The method for rapidly rescuing the tunnel collapse according to claim 2, wherein the inserting plate (3) is made of a wood plate or I-steel.
5. The method for rapidly rescuing tunnel collapse according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the excavation position of the rescue channel in step 2) comprises:
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is not more than 50m and the tunnel collapse body and the upper surrounding rock are relatively stable, excavating a rescue channel (7) at the position close to the left side or the right side of the tunnel collapse body opening end;
when the length of the tunnel collapse body is more than 50m, and the space positions of the living space of trapped people, the ground surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are less than 50m, excavating a rescue channel (7) from the space positions of the adjacent tunnel and the channel;
and when the length of the tunnel collapse body and the lengths of the living space of the trapped people, the space positions of the earth surface, the adjacent tunnel and the channel are more than 50m, determining the excavation position of the rescue channel (7) according to the distance length, the surrounding rock condition and the collapse body condition.
6. The method for rapidly rescuing in tunnel collapse according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the rescue channel (7) is less than 2m and the width is less than 2 m.
7. The method for rapidly rescuing the tunnel collapse according to claim 1, wherein the drilling machine in the step 1) is a horizontal multifunctional drilling machine with the aperture of 100-200 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010717360.9A CN111828085A (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse |
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| CN202010717360.9A CN111828085A (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Rapid rescue method for tunnel collapse |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113356919A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 中南大学 | Combined tunnel collapse rescue device and rescue method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113356919A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-07 | 中南大学 | Combined tunnel collapse rescue device and rescue method |
| CN113356919B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-04-12 | 中南大学 | Combined tunnel collapse rescue device and rescue method |
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