CN111827996B - Multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties - Google Patents
Multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out cast body sheet analysis on a tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed under a transmission light polarization microscope, then classifying the throat type of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by utilizing cast body sheet analysis results in combination with mechanical properties, then carrying out primary reservoir classification by combining with a correlation chart of single well yield obtained by reservoir mechanical characteristic parameter correlation analysis, and then correcting a primary reservoir classification result by utilizing mercury pressing experimental data to obtain secondary reservoir classification; then correcting the secondary reservoir classification by using the three types of pore-throat combination types to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification; and finally, carrying out final verification on the three reservoir classifications by a gas-water permeability analysis experiment, and judging the later fracturing reconstruction capability of the reservoir according to the final classifications.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dense sandstone natural gas exploration and development, in particular relates to a dense sandstone gas reservoir classification method based on rock mechanical properties, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative dense sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties.
Background
The compact sandstone reservoir has the characteristic of low matrix diversion capability, gas transportation mainly passes through natural cracks, and the natural cracks are required to be fractured and made so as to be communicated and activated, so that the topological structure level and the complexity of hydraulic cracks are greatly increased, and the expansion of the hydraulic cracks has diversity and complexity. For a dense reservoir layer with large area distribution in a research area, the yield of test gas is generally low, and the production is required to be improved through fracturing transformation. With the increase of oil and gas exploration degree and the increase of process technology in recent years, a huge amount of oil and gas resources stored in a tight reservoir are gradually recognized, and the important value of the oil and gas resources is increasingly displayed in oil and gas development. However, characteristics of the tight sandstone gas reservoir, such as relatively unstable minerals, plastic rock fragments and the like with higher content in sandstone and changes thereof in a diagenetic evolution process, a plurality of authigenic minerals formed in a complex diagenetic action process and diagenetic stage, the differences of the occurrence and the content and the like, result in stronger pore structure heterogeneity of the reservoir, higher irreducible water saturation, poorer seepage capability of the reservoir and the like, and different later fracturing effects, so that the classification of the tight sandstone reservoir according to the physical properties of the reservoir is not suitable for a common reservoir classification evaluation method, the requirement of the tight sandstone gas reservoir evaluation is difficult to meet, and the common reservoir is mainly used for evaluating the reservoir with permeability larger than 1mD, the irreducible water saturation is relatively low, and the mechanical property of the reservoir is single, and basically does not consider the later fracturing effects; in addition, the existing dense sandstone reservoir classification is not tightly combined with the reservoir mechanical property, and the evaluation of the later fracturing transformation effect is influenced, so that a classification scheme corresponding to the classification scheme is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, which overcomes the defects that the conventional reservoir classification evaluation method for the tight sandstone reservoir is inapplicable in the prior art according to the classification of the physical properties of the reservoir, and is difficult to meet the requirements of the tight sandstone gas reservoir evaluation, wherein the conventional reservoir mainly evaluates the reservoir with permeability of more than 1mD, has relatively low irreducible water saturation and single mechanical property of the reservoir, and basically does not consider the later fracturing effect; at present, the classification of the tight sandstone reservoir is not tightly combined with the mechanical property of the reservoir, and the evaluation of the later fracturing transformation effect is affected.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties comprises the following steps:
step 1) analyzing a cast body sheet under a transmission light polarization microscope for the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and classifying the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed according to the cast body sheet analysis and the combination of mechanical properties;
step 2) counting mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and carrying out correlation analysis to obtain a correlation plate of single well yield, and then carrying out preliminary reservoir classification on the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by combining the throat type of the step 1);
step 3) when the mechanical characteristic parameters of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed have low correlation with the single well yield, collecting mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and correcting the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2) to obtain secondary reservoir classification;
step 4) when the correlation between mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and the single well yield is not high, fitting the throat type identified under the transmission light polarization microscope in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve by using the cast body sheet analysis data in the step 1), dividing three types of pore-throat combination types, and correcting the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) by using the three types of pore-throat combination to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification;
step 5) selecting an important well for the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed to carry out a gas-water permeability analysis experiment, and carrying out final verification on the tertiary reservoir classification in the step 4);
and 6) comprehensively classifying the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir based on the mechanical properties through the steps 2) to 5), and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification based on the mechanical properties.
Preferably, in the step 1), the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is divided into two types of rigid throat and plastic throat according to the analysis of the cast body slice and the combination of mechanical properties; when the inter-granular gaps are rigid chips, the throat is a rigid throat, and when the inter-granular gaps are plastic chips, the throat is a plastic throat.
Preferably, the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed in the step 2) are the average permeability and the porosity of the gas layer and the single-well daily gas production unobstructed flow, wherein the single-well daily gas production unobstructed flow is the first gas test yield of the well layer, a scatter diagram is drawn according to the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed for carrying out correlation analysis, a correlation chart of the single-well yield is obtained, the correlation chart of the single-well yield is obtained, and the throat type of the step 1) is combined for carrying out primary reservoir classification, and the primary reservoir classification is divided into at least three types.
Preferably, the preliminary reservoir is classified into class I, class II and class III, wherein the class I tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of rigid throat, a porosity of >10% and a permeability of >0.5mD, the class II tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of rigid throat and plastic throat mixed, a porosity of 5-10% and a permeability of 0.1-0.5 mD, and the class III tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of plastic throat, a porosity of <5% and a permeability of <0.1mD.
Preferably, the mercury injection experimental data in the step 3) is the displacement pressure, the sorting property, the pore radius or the main flow throat radius, and the mercury injection experimental data with strong correlation with the single well yield of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is selected to correct the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2), so as to obtain the secondary reservoir classification.
Preferably, the step 4) uses cast body sheet analysis data to fit the inter-grain pores, the dissolving pores, the pore types of inter-grain pores, the pore shrinkage type, the necking type, the bent sheet type or the tube bundle type identified under the transmitted light polarization microscope in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve to obtain three pore-throat combination types, wherein the three pore-throat combination types are A type: the curve is in weak unimodal form, type B: the curve is in a double-peak low-valley type and C type: the curve is of a stronger unimodal type, reservoirs corresponding to the A-type pore-throat combination type are classified into I types, reservoirs corresponding to the B-type pore-throat combination type are classified into II types, reservoirs corresponding to the C-type pore-throat combination type are classified into III types, and the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) is corrected according to the three types of pore-throat combination type to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification.
Preferably, in the step 5), a gas-water permeability analysis experiment is performed on the dense sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by selecting a key well, and the gas phase classified into a d-type gas phase upward concave type and an e-type gas phase upward concave type trend to be straight line and an f-type gas phase straight line along with the decrease of the water saturation can be identified, wherein the reservoir corresponding to the d-type is classified into a class I, the reservoir corresponding to the e-type is classified into a class II, and the reservoir corresponding to the f-type is classified into a class III.
Preferably, the comprehensive classification in the step 6) is to obtain multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties through the steps 2) to 5), and determine reservoir mechanical characteristics, pore-throat combination types, pore structure characteristics and seepage performance corresponding to different reservoir classifications; and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties, wherein the class I reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a high-quality reservoir, the class II reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a medium reservoir, and the class III reservoir is unfavorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a non-effective reservoir.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) Firstly, analyzing a cast body sheet under a transmission light polarization microscope, classifying the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed into a rigid throat and a plastic throat according to the analysis result of the cast body sheet and the mechanical property, performing primary reservoir classification according to a correlation chart of single well yield obtained by correlation analysis of mechanical characteristic parameters of the reservoir, and correcting the primary reservoir classification result according to mercury-pressing experimental data to obtain secondary reservoir classification; then correcting the secondary reservoir classification by using the three types of pore-throat combination types to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification; finally, carrying out final verification on three reservoir classifications by a gas-water phase seepage analysis experiment, judging the later fracturing reconstruction capability of the reservoir according to the final classifications, analyzing different reservoir mechanical characteristics, pore-throat combination types, pore structure characteristics, seepage performance and the like by three classifications and one verification, realizing multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative, combining reservoir mechanical properties and various parameters, accurately and reasonably evaluating reservoir classification results, effectively guiding a process fracturing scheme, and further rapidly predicting a favorable zone of optimized compact sandstone;
(2) According to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, various geological parameters affecting reservoir quality are synthesized, the operation is simple and easy, an accurate comprehensive evaluation standard of the tight sandstone reservoir is established, and the type of reservoir exploration, development and selection area can be effectively guided; the method is based on the classification of reservoir mechanical properties, can realize the organic combination of geology and technology, guide the selection of a fracturing construction scheme, and effectively improve the single well yield;
(3) The invention can more accurately carry out classification evaluation on the reservoir with permeability less than 1mD, and is suitable for the exploration and evaluation work of the oil and gas field with compact reservoir; the invention improves the accuracy of reservoir description classification by utilizing transmitted light polarization microscopic analysis, high-pressure mercury-pressing experiment, constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment and gas-water permeability analysis experiment, thereby more accurately determining the classification evaluation of the tight reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1, a micrograph of a plastic throat cast sheet of example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a rigid throat cast sheet of example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the correlation between permeability and daily gas production resistance in example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the radius of the main flow throat versus permeability for example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 5, type A of three types of pore throat combination types in example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 6, type B of three types of pore throat combination types in example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 7, type C of three types of pore throat combination types in example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 8, form d of the gas-water permeation assay of example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows form e of the gas-water permeation analysis experiment in example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows form f of the gas-water permeation analysis experiment in example 8 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples:
it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes and the like illustrated in the present specification are used for being understood and read by those skilled in the art in combination with the disclosure of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the applicable limitations of the present invention, and any structural modifications, proportional changes or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and achievement of the present invention.
Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
Example 1
The invention discloses a multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) analyzing a cast body sheet under a transmission light polarization microscope for the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and classifying the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed according to the cast body sheet analysis and the combination of mechanical properties;
step 2) counting mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and carrying out correlation analysis to obtain a correlation plate of single well yield, and then carrying out preliminary reservoir classification on the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by combining the throat type of the step 1);
step 3) when the mechanical characteristic parameters of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed have low correlation with the single well yield, collecting mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and correcting the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2) to obtain secondary reservoir classification;
step 4) when the correlation between mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and the single well yield is not high, fitting the throat type identified under the transmission light polarization microscope in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve by using the cast body sheet analysis data in the step 1), dividing three types of pore-throat combination types, and correcting the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) by using the three types of pore-throat combination to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification;
step 5) selecting an important well for the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed to carry out a gas-water permeability analysis experiment, and carrying out final verification on the tertiary reservoir classification in the step 4);
and 6) comprehensively classifying the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir based on the mechanical properties through the steps 2) to 5), and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification based on the mechanical properties.
Example 2
Preferably, in the step 1), the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is divided into two types of rigid throat and plastic throat according to the analysis of the cast body slice and the combination of mechanical properties; when the inter-granular gaps are rigid chips, the throat is a rigid throat, and when the inter-granular gaps are plastic chips, the throat is a plastic throat.
The rigid scraps mainly comprise quartz, and comprise flint, quartz rock scraps, fresher feldspar, partial rock scraps such as metamorphic silt rock scraps and the like; the plastic scraps mainly comprise phyllite and slate scraps with shallow deterioration, and a small amount of mica, mud changed scraps, mud rock scraps deposited together and the like.
The analysis of the cast sheet under the transmitted light polarization microscope is the conventional operation, and the size of the cast sheet also belongs to the national standard size.
Example 3
Preferably, the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed in the step 2) are the average permeability and the porosity of the gas layer and the single-well daily gas production unobstructed flow, wherein the single-well daily gas production unobstructed flow is the first gas test yield of the well layer, a scatter diagram is drawn according to the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed for carrying out correlation analysis, a correlation chart of the single-well yield is obtained, the correlation chart of the single-well yield is obtained, and the throat type of the step 1) is combined for carrying out primary reservoir classification, and the primary reservoir classification is divided into at least three types.
Preferably, the preliminary reservoir is classified into class I, class II and class III, wherein the class I tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of rigid throat, a porosity of >10% and a permeability of >0.5mD, the class II tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of rigid throat and plastic throat mixed, a porosity of 5-10% and a permeability of 0.1-0.5 mD, and the class III tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed has a throat type of plastic throat, a porosity of <5% and a permeability of <0.1mD.
Example 4
Preferably, the mercury injection experimental data in the step 3) is the displacement pressure, the sorting property, the pore radius or the main flow throat radius, and the mercury injection experimental data with strong correlation with the single well yield of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is selected to correct the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2), so as to obtain the secondary reservoir classification.
Preferably, the primary reservoir classification result is modified by selecting the displacement pressure, the sorting property, the pore radius or the main flow throat radius which have the strongest correlation with the porosity and the permeability.
The mercury-pressing experimental data are obtained through a high-pressure mercury-pressing experiment, and belong to the existing experimental method.
Example 5
Preferably, the step 4) uses cast body sheet analysis data to fit the inter-grain pores, the dissolving pores, the pore types of inter-grain pores, the pore shrinkage type, the necking type, the bent sheet type or the tube bundle type identified under the transmitted light polarization microscope in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve to obtain three pore-throat combination types, wherein the three pore-throat combination types are A type: the curve is in weak unimodal form, type B: the curve is in a double-peak low-valley type and C type: the curve is of a stronger unimodal type, reservoirs corresponding to the A-type pore-throat combination type are classified into I types, reservoirs corresponding to the B-type pore-throat combination type are classified into II types, reservoirs corresponding to the C-type pore-throat combination type are classified into III types, and the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) is corrected according to the three types of pore-throat combination type to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification.
The constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment belongs to the existing experimental method.
Example 6
Preferably, in the step 5), a gas-water permeability analysis experiment is performed on the dense sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by selecting a key well, and the gas phase classified into a d-type gas phase upward concave type and an e-type gas phase upward concave type trend to be straight line and an f-type gas phase straight line along with the decrease of the water saturation can be identified, wherein the reservoir corresponding to the d-type is classified into a class I, the reservoir corresponding to the e-type is classified into a class II, and the reservoir corresponding to the f-type is classified into a class III.
Preferably, the three reservoir classifications may also be subjected to final verification by nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.
The gas-water phase permeability analysis experiment belongs to the existing experimental method.
Example 7
Preferably, the comprehensive classification in the step 6) is to obtain multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties through the steps 2) to 5), and determine reservoir mechanical characteristics, pore-throat combination types, pore structure characteristics and seepage performance corresponding to different reservoir classifications; and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties, wherein the class I reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a high-quality reservoir, the class II reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a medium reservoir, and the class III reservoir is unfavorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a non-effective reservoir.
Example 8
The block is further described by a specific example of a Huidoss basin seiid-Wu Bao area, and is influenced by multiple sources and complex paleo-water systems, the sedimentary facies and the reservoir sand bodies have large space-time migration and strong reservoir heterogeneity, the main force layer system box 8 sections and the Shanxi group reservoir are low-hole and low-permeability compact sandstone reservoirs, and the single-well gas testing yield is generally low, so that the next natural gas exploration and block optimization are influenced.
The present example provides a reservoir classification method for the tight sandstone reservoir described above, comprising the steps of:
and 1) carrying out transmitted light polarization microscopy on the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed to observe and qualify the cast sheet, and dividing the reservoir type into two types of rigid throat (when the inter-granular joints are rigid chips, the throat is rigid throat) and plastic throat (when the inter-granular joints are plastic chips, the throat is plastic throat) according to mechanical properties.
As shown in fig. 1, the reservoir particulate inter-granular joints are plastic detritus, are plastic throats, as shown in fig. 2, the reservoir particulate inter-granular joints are rigid detritus, and are rigid throats.
As shown in fig. 3, step 2) respectively counting the average permeability and the porosity of the compact sandstone gas layer and the gas-containing layer and the unimpeded flow rate of single-well daily gas production according to two throat types, drawing a scatter diagram for carrying out correlation analysis to obtain a correlation chart of single-well yield, and carrying out preliminary reservoir classification according to the correlation chart of single-well yield, wherein the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed in the I type is rigid throat, the porosity is more than 10%, the permeability is more than 0.5mD, and the unimpeded flow rate is more than 2 megameters per day; the type of the throat of the type II compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is a mixture of a rigid throat and a plastic throat, the porosity is 5-10%, the permeability is 0.1-0.5 mD, the unimpeded flow is 0.2-2 square meters per day, the type of the throat of the type III compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is a plastic throat, the porosity is <5%, the permeability is <0.1mD, and the unimpeded flow is less than 0.2 square meters per day.
And 3) when the mechanical characteristic parameters of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed have low correlation with the single well yield, collecting mercury-pressing experimental data (namely pore structure type) of the reservoir to be analyzed, selecting data with the strongest correlation with the porosity and permeability such as displacement pressure, sorting property, pore radius, main flow throat radius and the like, correcting the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2), wherein the primary reservoir classification result is I type when the main flow throat radius is more than 0.5%, the primary reservoir classification result is II type when the main flow throat radius is between 0.1 and 0.5%, and the primary reservoir classification result is III type when the main flow throat radius is less than 0.1%.
And the preliminary reservoir classification results were corrected by taking the displacement pressure, sortability, pore radius, as shown in table 1.
In this embodiment, the radius of the main flow throat is selected for correction, as shown in fig. 4, the correlation between the radius of the main flow throat and the permeability is strong, the radius of the main flow throat of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is obtained, the corresponding permeability is calculated through a correlation fitting formula, and the preliminary reservoir classification result is corrected according to the reservoir classification corresponding to the permeability value in step 2).
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, step 4), when the correlation between the mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and the single well yield is not high, the cast body sheet analysis data is applied to fit throat types such as inter-grain holes, solution holes and inter-crystal holes identified under a transmitted light polarization microscope, such as a reduced-pore type, a necking type, a bent sheet type, a tube bundle type and the like in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve, so as to divide three types of hole-throat combination type a: the curve is in weak unimodal form, type B: the curve is in a double-peak low-valley type and C type: the curve is of a stronger unimodal type, reservoirs corresponding to the A-type pore-throat combination type are classified into I types, reservoirs corresponding to the B-type pore-throat combination type are classified into II types, reservoirs corresponding to the C-type pore-throat combination type are classified into III types, and three types of pore-throat combinations are used for correcting the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3).
In addition, the dense sandstone reservoir to be analyzed was classified by the areal porosity, wherein the areal porosity was class i when >3%, class ii when 0.5% -3%, and class iii when <0.5%, as shown in table 1.
Dense sandstone reservoirs to be analyzed were classified by pore type, with inter-granular pores, and with dissolved pores of class i, dissolved pores, and inter-crystalline pores of class ii, and inter-crystalline pores of class iii, as shown in table 1.
Dense sandstone reservoirs to be analyzed are classified by the main seepage channel, the inter-granular pores, the dissolving pores and the flaky throats are of class I, the dissolving pores and the flaky throats are of class II, and the throats are of class III, as shown in Table 1.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, step 5) performs a gas-water permeability analysis experiment on a key well selected from the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and can identify the gas phase which is classified into a d-type gas phase upward concave type (low irreducible water saturation), an e-type gas phase upward straight line (higher irreducible water saturation) along with the decrease of the water saturation, and an f-type gas phase straight line (high irreducible water), wherein the d-type corresponding reservoir is classified into a class I, the e-type corresponding reservoir is classified into a class II, and the f-type corresponding reservoir is classified into a class III, and finally the three reservoir classifications in step 4) are verified.
The gas-water permeability analysis experiment can obtain movable water saturation, irreducible water saturation and gas-water permeability curve (seepage performance), and the dense sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is classified through the movable water saturation, the irreducible water saturation and the gas-water permeability curve, as shown in table 1.
Step 6) comprehensive classification is carried out, classification evaluation is carried out through the selected reservoir main control parameters, and one or more of reservoir mechanical characteristics, pore-throat combination type, pore structure characteristics, seepage performance and other parameters corresponding to different types of reservoirs are determined: the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Suid Wu Bao regional reservoir comprehensive classification table
In table 1, the type I reservoir is favorable for the definition of the post-fracturing reformation as a high-quality reservoir, the type II reservoir is favorable for the definition of the post-fracturing reformation as a medium reservoir, the type III reservoir is unfavorable for the definition of the post-fracturing reformation as a non-effective reservoir, wherein the pore-throat combination type, pore structure characteristics and seepage performance corresponding to each type of reservoir are different, and the type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed can be accurately and rapidly determined according to the parameters.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, which mainly solves the problems that the prior tight sandstone reservoir classification is not tightly combined with the mechanical properties of the reservoir, the evaluation of the later fracturing transformation effect is affected and the like, and comprises the following steps: determining the mechanical property of the throat of the reservoir by a thin sheet under a microscope, and finely classifying the tight sandstone reservoir by integrating the physical properties (average permeability and porosity) of the reservoir, the unimpeded flow rate of daily gas production in a single well, a high-pressure mercury-pressing experiment, a constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment curve and a gas-water permeability analysis experiment; firstly, analyzing a cast body sheet under a transmission light polarization microscope, classifying the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed into a rigid throat and a plastic throat according to the analysis result of the cast body sheet and the mechanical property, performing primary reservoir classification according to a correlation chart of single well yield obtained by correlation analysis of mechanical characteristic parameters of the reservoir, and correcting the primary reservoir classification result according to mercury-pressing experimental data to obtain secondary reservoir classification; then correcting the secondary reservoir classification by using the three types of pore-throat combination types to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification; finally, three reservoir classifications are finally verified through a gas-water phase seepage analysis experiment, and the later fracturing reconstruction capability of the reservoir is judged according to the final classifications.
According to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties, various geological parameters affecting reservoir quality are synthesized, the operation is simple and easy, an accurate comprehensive evaluation standard of the tight sandstone reservoir is established, and the type of reservoir exploration, development and selection area can be effectively guided; the method is based on the classification of the mechanical properties of the reservoir, can realize the organic combination of geology and technology, guide the selection of a fracturing construction scheme and effectively improve the yield of a single well.
The invention can more accurately carry out classification evaluation on the reservoir with permeability less than 1mD, and is suitable for the exploration and evaluation work of the oil and gas field with compact reservoir; the invention improves the accuracy of reservoir description classification by utilizing transmitted light polarization microscopic analysis, high-pressure mercury-pressing experiment, constant-speed mercury-pressing experiment and gas-water permeability analysis experiment, thereby more accurately determining the classification evaluation of the tight reservoir.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims. The components and structures not specifically described in this embodiment are well known in the art and are not described in detail herein.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) analyzing a cast body sheet under a transmission light polarization microscope for the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and classifying the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed according to the cast body sheet analysis and the combination of mechanical properties;
step 2) counting mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and carrying out correlation analysis to obtain a correlation plate of single well yield, and then carrying out preliminary reservoir classification on the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed by combining the throat type of the step 1);
step 3) when the mechanical characteristic parameters of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed have low correlation with the single well yield, collecting mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed, and correcting the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2) to obtain secondary reservoir classification;
step 4) when the correlation between mercury-pressing experimental data of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed and the single well yield is not high, fitting the throat type identified under the transmission light polarization microscope in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve by using the cast body sheet analysis data in the step 1), dividing three types of pore-throat combination types, and correcting the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) by using the three types of pore-throat combination to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification;
step 5) selecting an important well for the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed to carry out a gas-water permeability analysis experiment, and carrying out final verification on the tertiary reservoir classification in the step 4);
and 6) comprehensively classifying the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir based on the mechanical properties through the steps 2) to 5), and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification based on the mechanical properties.
2. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), according to the analysis of the cast body sheet and the combination of mechanical properties, the throat type of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is divided into two types, namely a rigid throat and a plastic throat; when the inter-granular gaps are rigid chips, the throat is a rigid throat, and when the inter-granular gaps are plastic chips, the throat is a plastic throat.
3. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed in the step 2) are average permeability and porosity of the gas layer and the gas-containing layer and single-well daily gas production resistance flow, wherein the single-well daily gas production resistance flow is the first gas test yield of the well layer, a scatter diagram is drawn according to the mechanical characteristic parameters of the tight sandstone reservoir to be analyzed for carrying out correlation analysis, a correlation plate of the single-well yield is obtained, and the preliminary reservoir classification is carried out according to the correlation plate of the single-well yield and by combining the throat type of the step 1), wherein the preliminary reservoir classification is divided into at least three types.
4. A multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties according to claim 3, wherein: the preliminary reservoirs are classified into class I, class II and class III, wherein the type of the throat of the class I compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is a rigid throat, the porosity is more than 10 percent, the permeability is more than 0.5mD, the type of the throat of the class II compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is a mixture of the rigid throat and a plastic throat, the porosity is more than or equal to 5 percent and less than or equal to 10 percent, the permeability is more than or equal to 0.1mD and less than or equal to 0.5mD, and the type of the throat of the class III compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is a plastic throat, the porosity is less than 5 percent and the permeability is less than 0.1mD.
5. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 3) the mercury-pressing experimental data in the step 3) are the displacement pressure, the sorting property, the pore radius or the main flow throat radius, and the mercury-pressing experimental data with strong correlation with the single well yield of the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed is selected to correct the primary reservoir classification result in the step 2) so as to obtain the secondary reservoir classification.
6. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 4) fitting the pore types, pore shrinkage types, necking types, bent sheet types or tube bundle types of inter-grain pores, dissolving pores and inter-crystal pores identified under a transmitted light polarization microscope by using cast body sheet analysis data in a constant-speed mercury-pressing experimental curve to obtain three pore-throat combination types, wherein the three pore-throat combination types are A type: the curve is in weak unimodal form, type B: the curve is in a double-peak low-valley type and C type: the curve is of a stronger unimodal type, reservoirs corresponding to the A-type pore-throat combination type are classified into I types, reservoirs corresponding to the B-type pore-throat combination type are classified into II types, reservoirs corresponding to the C-type pore-throat combination type are classified into III types, and the secondary reservoir classification in the step 3) is corrected according to the three types of pore-throat combination type to obtain a tertiary reservoir classification.
7. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 5) selecting an important well for the compact sandstone reservoir to be analyzed for gas-water permeability analysis experiment, and identifying and classifying the compact sandstone reservoir into d type, e type and f type, wherein d type is a gas phase upward concave type, e type is a gas phase linear type when the gas phase tends to be straight from the upward concave type along with the reduction of the water saturation, f type is a gas phase linear type, the reservoir corresponding to d type is classified into I type, the reservoir corresponding to e type is classified into II type, and the reservoir corresponding to f type is classified into III type.
8. The multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative tight sandstone reservoir classification method based on mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the comprehensive classification in the step 6) is that the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties is obtained through the steps 2) to 5), and reservoir mechanical characteristics, pore-throat combination types, pore structure characteristics and seepage performance corresponding to different reservoir classifications are determined; and judging the later fracturing modification capability of the reservoir according to the multi-parameter comprehensive qualitative compact sandstone reservoir classification based on mechanical properties, wherein the class I reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a high-quality reservoir, the class II reservoir is favorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a medium reservoir, and the class III reservoir is unfavorable for the later fracturing modification to be defined as a non-effective reservoir.
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