CN111827965B - Method for verifying shale gas engineering dessert - Google Patents

Method for verifying shale gas engineering dessert Download PDF

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CN111827965B
CN111827965B CN201910285945.5A CN201910285945A CN111827965B CN 111827965 B CN111827965 B CN 111827965B CN 201910285945 A CN201910285945 A CN 201910285945A CN 111827965 B CN111827965 B CN 111827965B
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dessert
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CN111827965A (en
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路保平
王志战
袁多
刘双莲
李新
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

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Abstract

A method of validating a shale gas engineered dessert, comprising: the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining fracturing construction parameters of a subsection to be analyzed, and determining fracturing evaluation parameters according to the fracturing construction parameters, wherein the fracturing evaluation parameters comprise at least two of a cluster length ratio, a pressure-discharge ratio and a liquid sand ratio; determining the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed according to the fracturing evaluation parameters; and step three, determining the state of the engineering dessert to be analyzed according to the fracturing index. The method establishes the fracturing index capable of accurately reflecting the engineering dessert by utilizing the fracturing construction parameters, is beneficial to improving the evaluation level of the engineering dessert and the supporting strength of the engineering dessert evaluation on fracturing design, fully utilizes the fracturing construction parameters, and has comprehensive consideration factors, simple operation, low cost and wide application range.

Description

Method for verifying shale gas engineering dessert
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering, in particular to a method for verifying a shale gas engineering dessert and a shale gas fracturing method.
Background
Shale gas engineered desserts refer to areas that are relatively easy to engineer to form complex network seams. The engineering dessert is accurately evaluated, and reliable technical support is provided for fracturing scheme design.
The currently accepted indicator for verifying shale gas engineered desserts is effective fracture modification volume (ESRV), but this indicator needs to be obtained by micro-seismic. This causes a number of difficulties in obtaining the index. For example, one is that microseismic measurements are expensive and not every well is logged; secondly, the influence factors of the micro earthquake are more, and the measurement can not be successful sometimes; thirdly, even if the measurement is successful, the ESRV is difficult to calculate accurately, and the data is often not provided in the microseism report; and fourthly, the evaluation unit is difficult to obtain the microseism data.
Therefore, a method for conveniently and accurately verifying the shale gas engineering dessert is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for validating a shale gas engineering dessert, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining fracturing construction parameters of a subsection to be analyzed, and determining fracturing evaluation parameters according to the fracturing construction parameters, wherein the fracturing evaluation parameters comprise at least two of a cluster length ratio, a pressure-discharge ratio and a liquid-sand ratio;
secondly, determining the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed according to the fracturing evaluation parameters;
and step three, determining the state of the engineering dessert of the subsection to be analyzed according to the fracturing index.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the first step, a ratio of a cluster length of the segment to be analyzed to a number of clusters is calculated to obtain the cluster length ratio.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the first step, the ratio of the displacement of the segment to be analyzed to the pump pressure is calculated to obtain the pressure-to-displacement ratio.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in the first step, the ratio of the total sand entering amount of the segment to be analyzed to the total liquid entering amount of the ground is calculated to obtain the liquid-sand ratio.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the second step, a product of each parameter included in the fracture evaluation parameters is calculated to obtain a fracture index of the to-be-analyzed section.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the larger the value of the fracture index of the to-be-analyzed section is, the better the engineering dessert representing the to-be-analyzed section is.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in the third step, the fracture index of the subsection to be analyzed is compared with a preset engineered dessert classification threshold value, and the engineered dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is determined according to the comparison result.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in said step three,
if the fracturing index of the to-be-analyzed segment is smaller than a first preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the type of the engineering dessert of the to-be-analyzed segment is a first type of engineering dessert;
if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is greater than or equal to a first preset engineering dessert classification threshold value and smaller than a second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is a second type of engineering dessert;
if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is larger than or equal to a second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is a third type of engineering dessert;
the value of the first preset engineering dessert classification threshold is smaller than that of the second type of preset engineering dessert classification threshold, and the easy-to-crack properties represented by the first type of engineering dessert, the second type of engineering dessert and the third type of engineering dessert are gradually increased.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the range of values of the first preset engineered dessert classification threshold includes [0.17,0.23], and the range of values of the second preset engineered dessert classification threshold includes [0.37,0.43 ].
The invention also provides a shale gas fracturing method which is characterized in that the method is used for verifying the shale gas engineering dessert.
The method for verifying the shale gas engineering dessert utilizes the fracturing construction parameters to establish the fracturing index capable of accurately reflecting the engineering dessert, and is beneficial to improving the evaluation level of the engineering dessert and the supporting force of the engineering dessert evaluation on fracturing design. Compared with the prior art, the fracturing construction parameters used by the method are relatively few and easy to obtain, and the method can effectively overcome the problem that the engineering dessert cannot be effectively verified due to the fact that the fracturing construction parameters are numerous and variable, the microseismic data are few, and the ESRV is difficult to accurately obtain in the prior art. The method makes full use of fracturing construction parameters, and has the advantages of comprehensive consideration, simple operation, low cost and wide application range.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an implementation of a method for validating a shale gas engineered dessert, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing X-1HF well fracture index versus seismic monitoring effect according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details or with other methods described herein.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and, although a logical order is illustrated in the flow charts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Accurate evaluation of the engineered dessert can provide reliable technical support for fracturing project design, but fracturing construction parameters include a number of parameters. For example, fracture construction parameters may include: (1) the number of stages; (2) the length of the section is long; (3) the number of clusters; (4) cluster length; (5) pumping pressure; (6) the discharge capacity; (7) various types and liquid quantities of fracturing fluid; (8) multiple types, mesh, doses of proppant; (9) the number of fractures, etc. However, since the length of each section, the number of clusters, the length of clusters, the pump pressure, the displacement, the type and amount of proppant injected, the type of proppant pressed in, the mesh size, and the dosage are all different, it is difficult to accurately verify the reliability of the evaluation of the engineered dessert with one index,
aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel method for verifying a shale gas engineering dessert and a shale gas fracturing method for verifying the shale gas engineering dessert by applying the method. The shale gas engineering dessert verification method provides a new fracturing index based on the fracturing engineering parameters, and the shale gas engineering dessert can be evaluated more reliably.
Fig. 1 illustrates a method for verifying a shale gas engineered dessert provided by the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, in the method for verifying a shale gas engineering sweet spot provided in this embodiment, first, in step S101, fracture construction parameters of a section to be analyzed are obtained, and in step S102, fracture evaluation parameters are determined according to the fracture construction parameters obtained in step S101.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the fracture construction parameters obtained in step S101 by the method preferably include: the method comprises the following steps of cluster length, cluster number, discharge capacity, pump pressure, total sand entering the ground and total liquid entering the ground. The fracture evaluation parameters obtained by the method in step S102 preferably include a cluster length ratio, a pressure-discharge ratio, and a liquid-sand ratio, corresponding to the above-described fracture construction parameters obtained.
In this embodiment, the method preferably determines the cluster length ratio of the segment to be analyzed by using the cluster length and the number of clusters of the segment to be analyzed in step S102. In particular, the method preferably results in the above-mentioned cluster length ratio by calculating the ratio of the cluster length to the number of clusters of the segment to be analyzed. Namely, the existence of:
Figure BDA0002023274340000041
wherein R is(1/q)Indicates the cluster length ratio, L indicates the cluster length, and N indicates the number of clusters.
Meanwhile, the method preferably determines the pressure-to-discharge ratio of the segment to be analyzed by using the displacement and the pump pressure of the segment to be analyzed in step S102. In particular, the method preferably results in the above-mentioned pressure-to-displacement ratio by calculating the ratio of the displacement and the pump pressure of the segment to be analyzed. Namely, the existence of:
Figure BDA0002023274340000042
wherein R is(p/d)Indicating the pressure-to-discharge ratio, Q1Indicating displacement and P pump pressure.
In addition, the method preferably determines the liquid-sand ratio of the section to be analyzed by using the total sand entering amount and the total liquid entering amount of the section to be analyzed in step S102. Specifically, the method preferably obtains the liquid-sand ratio by calculating the ratio of the total sand entering amount of the subsection to be analyzed to the total liquid entering amount. Namely, the existence of:
Figure BDA0002023274340000043
wherein R is(s/l)Denotes the liquid-sand ratio, Q2Represents the total sand entering the ground, Q3The total amount of the liquid entering the ground is shown.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method may also determine only two of the cluster length ratio, the pressure-discharge ratio and the liquid-sand ratio, and accordingly, the fracturing construction parameters obtained in step S101 by the method may only include parameters corresponding to the two.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, after obtaining the fracture evaluation parameters, the method determines the fracture index of the to-be-analyzed section according to the fracture evaluation parameters obtained in step S102 in step S103. Wherein the fracture index is capable of characterizing an engineered dessert condition. Specifically, in this embodiment, the larger the value of the fracture index of the to-be-analyzed segment is, the better the engineering dessert representing the to-be-analyzed segment is, that is, the easier the to-be-analyzed segment is to fracture.
In this embodiment, the method preferably obtains the fracture index of the section to be analyzed by calculating the product of each parameter included in the fracture evaluation parameters obtained in step S102 in step S103. For example, if the fracture evaluation parameters obtained in step S102 include the cluster length ratio R(1/q)Pressure-discharge ratio R(p/d)Liquid-sand ratio R(s/l)Then, in step S103, the method may calculate the fracture index of the to-be-analyzed section according to the following expression:
FI＝R(1/q)·R(p/d)·R(s/l) (4)
wherein FI represents the fracture index.
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, if the fracture evaluation parameters obtained in step S102 only include two-phase parameters, then correspondingly, the method obtains the fracture index of the to-be-analyzed section by calculating the product of the two parameters in step S103.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, after obtaining the fracture index FI of the to-be-analyzed segment, the method may determine the engineering sweet-spot state of the to-be-analyzed segment according to the fracture index FI in step S104. Specifically, in this embodiment, the method preferably compares the fracture index FI of the segment to be analyzed with a preset engineered dessert classification threshold in step S104, and determines the engineered dessert type of the segment to be analyzed according to the comparison result.
For example, if the fracture index of the segment to be analyzed is less than the first preset engineered dessert classification threshold, the method may determine that the engineered dessert type of the segment to be analyzed is the first type of engineered dessert; if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is greater than or equal to the first preset engineering dessert classification threshold value and smaller than the second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, the method can judge that the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is the second type of engineering dessert; and if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is greater than or equal to the second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, the method can judge the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed to be a third type of engineering dessert.
In this embodiment, the value of the first preset engineering dessert classification threshold is smaller than the value of the second preset engineering dessert classification threshold, and the easy-to-crack properties represented by the first engineering dessert, the second engineering dessert and the third engineering dessert are gradually increased. That is, the larger the value of the fracture index of a stage, the better the engineered sweet spot of that stage, and the easier it is to fracture the stage.
In this embodiment, a value of the first preset engineered dessert classification threshold is preferably configured to be 0.2, and a value of the second preset engineered dessert classification threshold is preferably configured to be 0.4. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the values of the first and/or second predetermined engineered dessert classification thresholds may also be configured to be other reasonable values, and the present invention does not limit the specific values of the first and/or second predetermined engineered dessert classification thresholds. For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, according to actual needs, the first preset engineered dessert classification threshold may be configured to be other reasonable values in the value range of [0.17,0.23], and the second preset engineered dessert classification threshold may be configured to be other reasonable values in the value range of [0.37,0.43 ].
In order to show the applicability and the reliability of the shale gas engineering dessert verification method provided by the invention, the method is adopted to analyze the X-1HF well. Specifically, the horizontal section of the X-1HF well is fractured in 20 sections and microseismic monitoring is performed. The fracture index is determined according to the staged fracturing construction parameters, and compared with the mineral composition calculated based on elements and the seam length (east and west), seam width (east and west) and seam height monitored by the micro earthquake, a comparison graph as shown in fig. 2 can be obtained. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fracturing index established by the method has a better corresponding relation with the fracturing data of the micro earthquake, particularly the east fracture width, and the requirement of engineering dessert verification can be effectively met.
From the above description, it can be seen that the method for verifying the shale gas engineering dessert provided by the invention establishes a fracturing index capable of accurately reflecting the engineering dessert by using fracturing construction parameters, which is helpful for improving the evaluation level of the engineering dessert and the supporting strength of the engineering dessert evaluation on fracturing design. Compared with the prior art, the fracturing construction parameters used by the method are relatively few and easy to obtain, and the method can effectively overcome the problem that the engineering dessert cannot be effectively verified due to the fact that the fracturing construction parameters are numerous and variable, the microseismic data are few, and the ESRV is difficult to accurately obtain in the prior art. The method makes full use of fracturing construction parameters, and has the advantages of comprehensive consideration, simple operation, low cost and wide application range.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures or process steps disclosed herein, but extend to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those skilled in the relevant art. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
While the above examples are illustrative of the principles of the present invention in one or more applications, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method of validating a shale gas engineered dessert, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining fracturing construction parameters of a subsection to be analyzed, and determining fracturing evaluation parameters according to the fracturing construction parameters, wherein the fracturing evaluation parameters comprise at least two of a cluster length ratio, a pressure-discharge ratio and a liquid-sand ratio, the ratio of the cluster length to the cluster number of the subsection to be analyzed is calculated to obtain the cluster length ratio, and the ratio of the discharge capacity to the pump pressure of the subsection to be analyzed is calculated to obtain the pressure-discharge ratio;
determining the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed according to the fracturing evaluation parameters, wherein the product of all parameters contained in the fracturing evaluation parameters is calculated to obtain the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed;
and step three, determining the state of the engineering dessert of the subsection to be analyzed according to the fracturing index.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the ratio of the total sand entering amount of the subsection to be analyzed to the total liquid entering amount of the ground is calculated to obtain the liquid-sand ratio.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the larger the value of the fracture index of the section to be analyzed, the better the engineered sweet spot characterizing the section to be analyzed.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step three, the fracture index of the section to be analyzed is compared to a preset engineered dessert classification threshold, and the engineered dessert type of the section to be analyzed is determined according to the comparison result.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the third step,
if the fracturing index of the to-be-analyzed segment is smaller than a first preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the type of the engineering dessert of the to-be-analyzed segment is a first type of engineering dessert;
if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is greater than or equal to a first preset engineering dessert classification threshold value and smaller than a second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is a second type of engineering dessert;
if the fracturing index of the subsection to be analyzed is larger than or equal to a second preset engineering dessert classification threshold value, judging that the engineering dessert type of the subsection to be analyzed is a third type of engineering dessert;
the value of the first preset engineering dessert classification threshold is smaller than that of the second type of preset engineering dessert classification threshold, and the easy-to-crack properties represented by the first type of engineering dessert, the second type of engineering dessert and the third type of engineering dessert are gradually increased.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the range of values of the first preset engineered dessert classification threshold includes [0.17,0.23], and the range of values of the second preset engineered dessert classification threshold includes [0.37,0.43 ].
7. A shale gas fracturing method, characterized in that the method is used for verifying shale gas engineering desserts according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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WO2018017110A1 (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Liquid gas treatment fluids for use in subterranean formation operations
CN106979001A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-07-25 华美孚泰油气增产技术服务有限责任公司 Thick-layer glutenite horizontal well solid seam net fracturing optimizing method
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