CN111826682A - Method for recovering metal powder - Google Patents
Method for recovering metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111826682A CN111826682A CN202010685283.3A CN202010685283A CN111826682A CN 111826682 A CN111826682 A CN 111826682A CN 202010685283 A CN202010685283 A CN 202010685283A CN 111826682 A CN111826682 A CN 111826682A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal powder recovery method, which comprises the following steps: dispersing metal powder in electrolyte to obtain a dispersion system containing the metal powder; electrolyzing the dispersion system to cause electrolytic reaction of the metal powder in the dispersion system and deposit metal particles in the metal powder. That is, the present invention can simplify the metal powder recovery process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder recovery, in particular to a metal powder recovery method.
Background
Electroplating plants can produce a large amount of metal powder in the processing process of electronic components, and if the metal powder is treated as solid waste, resource waste can be caused. In order to realize the recycling of metal powder, the metal powder is mainly purified by electrolysis at present, so that the metal powder is converted into metal blocks which can be recycled for production and living. However, since the metal powder in a deposited state has a large particle gap, the metal powder has poor conductivity, and cannot be directly used as an anode for electrolysis. In order to solve the problem, the related art is to melt metal powder at a high temperature and then cool and mold the metal powder into a block, thereby reducing the particle gaps of the metal powder and improving the electrical conductivity thereof, so that the metal powder is used as an anode for electrolytic purification. However, the metal powder is melted at a high temperature and then cooled to form a block, and the block is electrolyzed to obtain a metal block, thereby increasing the recovery process of the metal powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering metal powder, which is intended to simplify the recovery process of metal powder.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for recovering metal powder, comprising the steps of:
dispersing metal powder in electrolyte to obtain a dispersion system containing the metal powder;
electrolyzing the dispersion system to cause electrolytic reaction of the metal powder in the dispersion system and deposit metal particles in the metal powder.
Optionally, in the step of "dispersing the metal powder in an electrolyte", the electrolyte is an inorganic acid.
Optionally, the inorganic acid is selected from at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
Alternatively, in the step of "dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte", 25 g to 50 g of the metal powder is mixed per 1 l of the electrolyte.
Optionally, the step of "dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte" includes:
mixing metal powder and electrolyte, and shaking the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte to disperse the metal powder in the electrolyte.
Optionally, the step of shaking the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte includes:
and installing an aeration pipe, and filling gas into the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte through the aeration pipe.
Optionally, the step of "electrolyzing said dispersion" comprises:
and arranging a filter layer in the electrolytic cell so that the filter layer separates the electrolytic cell to form an anode area and a cathode area, and adding the dispersion system into the anode area.
Optionally, in the step of "disposing a filter layer in the electrolytic cell", the pore size of the filter layer is 100 to 200 meshes.
Optionally, the step of "electrolyzing said dispersion" comprises:
and adding the dispersion system into an electrolytic cell, wherein a concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of an anode of the electrolytic cell.
Optionally, the composition of the metal powder comprises at least two different elemental metals.
According to the technical scheme, the metal powder is dispersed in the electrolyte to obtain the dispersion system containing the metal powder, and the electrolyte has good conductivity, so that the conductivity of the dispersion system containing the metal powder is ensured by taking the electrolyte as a continuous phase, and the dispersion system is electrolyzed to perform an electrolytic reaction, so that metal particles in the metal powder are oxidized into metal ions at an anode, the metal ions migrate to a cathode to be reduced and deposited, and the preparation of the metal block is realized. The recovery method improves the conductivity by dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte with conductivity, and does not need to melt the metal powder at high temperature and cool and shape the metal powder into blocks, thereby simplifying the recovery process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for recovering metal powder according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step S10 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S13 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flowchart of step S30 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrolytic cell in one embodiment of the method for recovering metal powder of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 100 | |
20 | |
| 10 | |
30 | |
| 10a | Anode |
40 | |
| 10b | Cathode region |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
The invention provides a method for recovering metal powder, aiming at simplifying the recovery process of the metal powder.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for recycling metal powder includes the following steps:
and 30, electrolyzing the dispersion system to enable the metal powder in the dispersion system to generate electrolytic reaction and to enable the metal particles in the metal powder to be deposited.
According to the technical scheme, the metal powder is dispersed in the electrolyte to obtain the dispersion system containing the metal powder, and the electrolyte has good conductivity, so that the conductivity of the dispersion system containing the metal powder is ensured by taking the electrolyte as a continuous phase, and the dispersion system is electrolyzed to perform an electrolytic reaction, so that metal particles in the metal powder are oxidized into metal ions at an anode, the metal ions migrate to a cathode to be reduced and deposited, and the preparation of the metal block is realized. The recovery method improves the conductivity by dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte with conductivity, and does not need to melt the metal powder at high temperature and cool and shape the metal powder into blocks, thereby simplifying the recovery process.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the metal powder and the electrolyte may be added into the electrolytic bath respectively, so as to be dispersed in the electrolytic bath, so as to obtain a uniformly dispersed dispersion system, and then electrolyze the dispersion system; the metal powder and the electrolyte can also be uniformly dispersed, and then the uniformly dispersed dispersion system is added into the electrolytic cell for electrolysis, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited to this, and the above two ways are within the protection scope of the embodiment of the invention. In addition, the electrolyte in the embodiment of the present invention may be an inorganic salt or an inorganic acid, and of course, may be other ionic electrolytes as long as uniform dispersion of the metal powder can be achieved. In addition, the metal powder in the embodiment of the invention may contain impurities which cannot be electrolyzed or components which are not easy to electrolyze, and the embodiment of the invention separates and deposits metal particles with strong reducibility from the metal powder through electrolysis, thereby achieving the effect of purifying the metal powder while realizing the preparation of the metal block and reducing the impurity components in the prepared metal block. In addition, the embodiment of the invention does not need to melt the metal powder at high temperature, thereby reducing the recovery cost of the metal powder.
In contrast to the inorganic acid oxidation method, the inorganic acid oxidation method is mainly to add the inorganic acid to dissolve metal particles in the metal powder to generate a metal salt (such as copper chloride), and then electrolyze the metal salt to reduce metal ions in the metal salt to form and deposit at the cathode, so that not only a large amount of the inorganic acid is consumed, but also a large amount of chlorine gas is generated at the anode to cause environmental pollution and also cause power consumption. The embodiment of the invention directly electrolyzes the metal particles in the metal powder, so that the metal particles are oxidized into metal ions at the anode, and the oxidized metal ions are reduced into metal simple substances at the cathode to be deposited, thereby avoiding the consumption of an additional reagent and simultaneously avoiding the generation of toxic gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of "dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte", the electrolyte is an inorganic acid. Compared with the method that inorganic salt is adopted as the electrolyte, the electrolyte is inorganic acid, and the inorganic acid has good conductivity on one hand, so that metal ions generated by oxidation at the anode can be transferred to the cathode, the metal ions are reduced and deposited at the cathode, and the preparation of metal blocks is ensured; on the other hand, because the inorganic acid with acidity is adopted as the electrolyte, the obtained dispersion system is acidic, and the generated metal ions are prevented from precipitating under the alkaline condition to form alkaline metal precipitates, so that the generated metal ions are fully reduced into metal simple substances and deposited at the cathode, and the metal particles in the metal powder are fully recovered.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic acid is at least one selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, at least one inorganic acid selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is used, so that the conductive performance of the inorganic acid as the electrolyte is ensured, and the metal powder can be fully dispersed in the electrolyte, thereby ensuring the stability of the formed dispersion system. Of course, in the embodiment of the present invention, different inorganic acids may be used according to different metal simple substances contained in the metal powder, and the concentration of the inorganic salt may also be appropriately adjusted according to the actual dispersion situation. For example, the copper powder may be dispersed using sulfuric acid.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step of "dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte", 25 g to 50 g of the metal powder is mixed per 1 l of the electrolyte. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the metal powder in the dispersion system is controlled, so that the metal powder is uniformly dispersed in the electrolyte, thereby forming a stable dispersion system, and ensuring that the electrolysis reaction of the dispersion system is sufficiently performed. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention may appropriately adjust the concentration of the metal powder in the dispersion system according to the composition of the metal powder and the electrolyte, and preferably, 25 g to 50 g of the metal powder is mixed in 1 l of the electrolyte, thereby ensuring the stability of the dispersion system.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of "dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte" includes: step S11, mixing metal powder and electrolyte; step S13, shaking the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte to disperse the metal powder in the electrolyte. Of course, in order to ensure that the metal powder is uniformly dispersed in the electrolyte to form a stable dispersion system, the embodiment of the present invention implements uniform dispersion of the metal powder by oscillation, and certainly, the oscillation manner includes stirring the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte by using a stirring rod, and a gas may also be blown into the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte, so as to uniformly mix the metal powder and the electrolyte, thereby obtaining a relatively stable dispersion system.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of oscillating the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte includes: step 131, installing an aerator pipe; and step 133, filling gas into the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte through the aeration pipe. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte is filled with the gas, so that the metal powder and the electrolyte are fully mixed under the action of the gas pressure, and thus, the effect of uniformly mixing the metal powder is achieved, and the stability of the obtained dispersion system is ensured. Of course, the gas may be air, or an inert gas such as nitrogen, so that it is preferable that the gas is air in order to reduce the recovery cost of the metal powder, as long as the electrolytic reaction of the metal powder is ensured.
Referring to FIG. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the step of "electrolyzing the dispersion" comprises: step S31, arranging a filter layer in the electrolytic cell so that the filter layer separates the electrolytic cell into an anode region and a cathode region; step S33, adding the dispersion to the anodic region. According to the embodiment of the invention, the anode region and the cathode region are formed by arranging the filter layer, so that the dispersion system is added into the anode region, the metal powder in the dispersion system is prevented from entering the cathode region, the metal powder in the dispersion system is fully oxidized into metal ions in the anode region, and the oxidized metal ions enter the cathode region through the filter layer, so that the metal ions are fully reduced into metal simple substances in the cathode region and deposited on the cathode, and the metal particles in the metal powder are fully recovered. In addition, the filtering layer may be a filtering membrane, or may be a filtering cloth, as long as the metal powder is blocked and the metal ions can be ensured to permeate through the filtering layer, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the above is within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step of arranging the filter layer in the electrolytic cell, the aperture of the filter layer is 100-200 meshes. According to the embodiment of the invention, the aperture size of the filter layer is adjusted, so that the metal powder is prevented from entering the cathode region from the anode region, meanwhile, the effective permeation of metal ions is ensured, and the effective deposition of metal particles in the metal powder on the cathode is realized. Preferably, the pore size of the filter layer is 100 to 200 mesh, but the pore size of the filter layer may be appropriately adjusted according to the difference in the particle size of the dispersed phase in the dispersion system.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of "electrolyzing the dispersion" comprises: and adding the dispersion system into an electrolytic cell, wherein a concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of an anode of the electrolytic cell. It should be noted that the concave-convex structure includes a groove and a protrusion, and the groove and the protrusion may have various shapes, including a trapezoid, a cone, a circular arc, etc., and even the concave-convex structure may have a hole structure, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the above concave-convex structure is within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention. According to the embodiment of the invention, the concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of the anode, so that the contact area between the metal powder and the anode is increased, the metal powder is ensured to be fully oxidized at the anode, and the recovery efficiency of the metal powder is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the metal powder includes at least two different elementary metals. It should be noted that the metal simple substance which is easier to reduce is preferentially deposited on the cathode, so that the purification of the metal particles in the metal powder is realized, and the primary purification effect is achieved. For example, copper powder doped with nickel, the copper simple substance and the nickel simple substance are continuously oxidized and dissolved at the anode to generate copper ions and nickel ions respectively, and the copper ions are easier to reduce than the nickel ions, so that the copper ions are deposited on the cathode in a large amount, and compared with the nickel ions, only a small amount of nickel ions are deposited on the cathode, so that the effect of primary purification is achieved.
Referring to fig. 5, the present invention completes the electrolysis of the dispersion system through an electrolytic cell 100, a filter layer 10 is disposed in the electrolytic cell 100 and separates the electrolytic cell 100 into an anode region 10a and a cathode region 10b, an anode 20 is disposed in the anode region 10a, an aeration pipe 40 is disposed on the bottom wall of the anode region 10a, external gas is introduced through the aeration pipe 40, and a cathode 30 is disposed in the cathode region 10 b.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method of recovering metal powder comprising the steps of:
copper powder doped with nickel in a plating plant is dispersed in a sulfuric acid solution to obtain a dispersion system, the dispersion system is electrolyzed, and air is blown into the dispersion system to form a stable dispersion system.
In this embodiment, the sulfuric acid solution does not participate in the electrolytic reaction, and the copper powder and the nickel powder undergo an oxidation reaction at the anode, so that the elemental copper is oxidized at the anode into copper ions and the elemental nickel is oxidized at the anode into elemental nickelNamely, anode: cu-2e-→Cu2+；Ni-3e-→Ni3+(ii) a Due to Cu2+More readily reduced, Ni3+Is not easy to be oxidized, so that the generated copper ions are reduced to copper simple substance at the cathode, namely the cathode: cu2++2e-→ Cu; therefore, the copper simple substance is continuously deposited on the cathode through the oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the effect of purifying copper is achieved while the preparation of the copper block is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of recovering metal powder, comprising the steps of:
dispersing metal powder in electrolyte to obtain a dispersion system containing the metal powder;
electrolyzing the dispersion system to cause electrolytic reaction of the metal powder in the dispersion system and deposit metal particles in the metal powder.
2. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step of "dispersing metal powder in an electrolyte", the electrolyte is an inorganic acid.
3. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic acid is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
4. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step of "dispersing metal powder in electrolyte", 25 g to 50 g of the metal powder is mixed per 1 l of the electrolyte.
5. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the step of dispersing the metal powder in the electrolyte comprises:
mixing metal powder and electrolyte, and shaking the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte to disperse the metal powder in the electrolyte.
6. The method for recycling metal powder according to claim 5, wherein the step of shaking the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte comprises:
and installing an aeration pipe, and filling gas into the mixture of the metal powder and the electrolyte through the aeration pipe.
7. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the step of "electrolyzing the dispersion" comprises:
and arranging a filter layer in the electrolytic cell so that the filter layer separates the electrolytic cell to form an anode area and a cathode area, and adding the dispersion system into the anode area.
8. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 7, wherein in the step of providing a filter layer in the electrolytic cell, the filter layer has a pore size of 100 to 200 mesh.
9. The method for recovering metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the step of "electrolyzing the dispersion" comprises:
and adding the dispersion system into an electrolytic cell, wherein a concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of an anode of the electrolytic cell.
10. A method for recovering metal powder as recited in claim 1, wherein the composition of the metal powder includes at least two different elemental metals.
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| CN202010685283.3A CN111826682A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Method for recovering metal powder |
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| CN202010685283.3A CN111826682A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Method for recovering metal powder |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112725834A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 博罗县美兴达科技有限公司 | Direct electrolysis process for solid waste metal powder |
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| CN101024252A (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-29 | 培尔梅烈克电极股份有限公司 | Production method for electrolyzing metal powder |
| CN103122465A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-05-29 | 扬州双盛锌业有限公司 | Preparation method of flaky metal powder |
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2020
- 2020-07-15 CN CN202010685283.3A patent/CN111826682A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101024252A (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-29 | 培尔梅烈克电极股份有限公司 | Production method for electrolyzing metal powder |
| CN103122465A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-05-29 | 扬州双盛锌业有限公司 | Preparation method of flaky metal powder |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 任广军等: "《电镀工艺学》", 31 December 2016, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112725834A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 博罗县美兴达科技有限公司 | Direct electrolysis process for solid waste metal powder |
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