CN111825912A - 一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111825912A
CN111825912A CN202010807116.1A CN202010807116A CN111825912A CN 111825912 A CN111825912 A CN 111825912A CN 202010807116 A CN202010807116 A CN 202010807116A CN 111825912 A CN111825912 A CN 111825912A
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plastic
antistatic
parts
wood
mixture
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徐彬
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Wuxi Woodpecker Environmental Protection Building Materials Co ltd
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Wuxi Woodpecker Environmental Protection Building Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：选取再生塑料，并将其制备成型，对成型后的塑料进行打孔处理，将防静电粉末和成型塑料放进真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机内搅拌；将选取的材料于加热炉中加热搅拌后将其输出至预先设计好的板材模具中挤压成型，冷却液中定型，将制备好的板材表面打磨光滑；农作物纤维控水后和高岭土加入高速混合机中并依次加入助剂后加入双螺旋挤出机内进行挤出定型，再将其加热挤压制作成板材；再通过热熔胶将两块板材进行粘合，本发明的木塑复合型材具备较强的防静电能力，适合广泛推广。

Description

一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及木塑复合型材制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法。
背景技术
木塑复合型材是近几年来兴起的一种可逆性循环利用的基础性材料，木塑复合材料具有比单独的木质材料和塑料产品更优异的品质，是实木的理想替代品，它的出现可以减少废弃木料和塑料对环境的污染，也适应现代材料复合化发展的规律。
木塑复合材料是以锯末、木屑、竹屑、稻壳、麦秸、谷糠、大豆皮、花生壳、甘蔗渣、棉秸杆等初级生物质材料为主原料，利用高分子界面化学原理和塑料填充改性的特点，配混一定比例的塑料基料，经特殊工艺处理后加工成型的一种可逆性循环利用、涵盖面广、产品种类多、形态结构多样的基础性材料。
目前的木塑型材防静电均是通过一次挤压成型的方式制备，再在制备好的型材表面涂抹防静电涂漆，涂漆会产生一定的有害气体且涂漆使用寿命不长，漆面容易脱落，防静电的能力有限。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法。
本发明的技术要点为：
一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：
S1材料预处理：选取废旧再生塑料，采用清洗干燥机对所述的再生塑料进行清洗干燥，再通过粉碎机粉碎，将粉碎后的再生塑料加热软化，并通过模具制备成型，冷却处理后，对成型后的塑料进行表面打磨和内部打孔处理，使其内部含有通孔，得到含有通孔的成型塑料，选取防静电材料颗粒，并将其研磨成半径为400-500目的粉状，废旧再生塑料相比于目前大部分所使用的专用塑料成本更低，废旧塑料可以是：低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯其中的一种或几种；
S2制备防静电塑料：将含有通孔的成型塑料和研磨好的防静电材料粉末放进真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机内，设置震荡速度300-500r/min，设置搅拌时间3-5min，得到内含防静电材料粉末的成型塑料，放置螺旋挤压机中进行加热挤压，设置温度55-68℃，设置搅拌转速30-45r/min，加热时间设置15-20min，得到防静电粉末和成型塑料重量比为1:2-1:3的防静电塑料，将防静电粉末通过真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机与内含通孔的成型塑料充分结合，并通过加热挤压使其成为一体，可提高塑料材料的防静电性能；
S3制备防静电外板：按重量份选取：农作物纤维25份、制备好的防静电塑料65份、四丙氟橡胶不耐脂20份、润滑剂2份、稳定剂1.5份、MSV-206发泡剂2份，将选取的材料于150-180℃的加热炉中加热搅拌，再将其输出至50-60℃的加热炉中加热搅拌后将其输出至预先设计好的板材模具中挤压成型，于5-10℃的冷却液中定型，将制备好的板材至少一面打磨光滑，通过四丙氟橡胶不耐脂的加入进一步的提高防静电外板的耐腐蚀性和防静电性，可弥补木料材料抗腐蚀性和受热性差的缺陷，农作物纤维可以是：秸秆纤维、木粉、植物纤维中的一种或几种；
S4制备木塑型材中间层：按重量份选取：SG-7树脂25份、农作物纤维35份、60目的聚氯乙烯纤维80份、稳定剂1份、MSV-206发泡剂2份、氧化PE蜡1份、高岭土20份、偶联剂1份，将农作物纤维控水至1％后和高岭土、SG-7树脂加入高速混合机中至100℃后加入偶联剂，混合至120℃后加入聚氯乙烯、稳定剂，混合至80℃后加入氧化PE蜡，混合至120℃后加入MSV-206发泡剂，停止加热直至冷却至30℃后加入双螺旋挤出机内进行挤出定型，再将其加热挤压制作成板材，MSV-206发泡剂配合此种发泡方式可提高材料的发泡性能稳定，可使成型后的木塑板才更具备质感；
S5粘合：将S4中所制备的中间层板材表面涂覆热熔胶与S3中的防静电外板进行粘合，得到木塑型材。
进一步的，S4中所述稳定剂采用复合铅盐稳定剂，其含铅量为45％，铅含量的增加提高了材料的热稳定性和电绝缘性，S3中采用的有机锡稳定剂，使用有机锡稳定剂的PVC配方,可得到结晶般的制品。
进一步的，S4中在加入MSV-206发泡剂的同时加入80目雾化镍粉10份，雾化镍粉的加入可提高中间层板材的硬度和防腐性，防止中间板材出现腐蚀情况，从而造成整个板材损害和潜在的安全隐患。
进一步的，S4中双螺旋挤出机螺筒C1-C4段温度设定分别为185℃、180℃、165℃、155℃，模具D1-D4段温度设定为155-160℃，不同螺筒段设置不同温度可使其中的材料混合更加充分，稳定剂润滑剂和其他助剂的性能能得到更充分的发挥。
进一步的，S1中成型塑料为半径为0.3-0.5cm的球形结构，其内部打通有多个半径大于防静电粉末粒径的通孔，半径过大容易使防静电粉末流失，过小会增大打孔难度。
进一步的，所述S1防静电材料粉末选取200目的碳纤维粉或300目的白云石砂其中的一种，此两种粉末抗静电性能较强，且结合PVC塑料材质更能发挥其抗静电性能。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
第一，本发明选取废旧的再生塑料进行清洗和干燥，使用农作物纤维作为木料，生产成本更低，使废旧的塑料和农作物纤维得到重复利用的同时减少了其对自然环境的污染。
第二，本发明通过将粉碎混合后的再生塑料加热软化，并通过模具制备成型，冷却处理后，对成型后的塑料进行表面打磨和内部打孔处理，使其内部含有通孔，在通过真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机向瞳孔中加入抗静电粉末，再将两种材料加热混合，冷却成型，使两种材料充分混合，提高了选取的塑料颗粒的抗静电性能，方便了后续抗静电塑料直接与木粉的混合。
第三，本发明通过设置多层板材通过热熔胶的方式粘合，外部板材具备很强的防静电能力，相比于目前的表面涂有防静电漆的木塑材料其实用寿命更长，使用更加环保，内部板材通过镍粉的加入，进一步的提高了其抗腐蚀能力，相比于现有的木塑型材其韧性和安全性更佳。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，主要包括以下步骤：
S1材料预处理：选取废旧再生塑料，采用清洗干燥机对所述的再生塑料进行清洗干燥，再通过粉碎机粉碎，将粉碎后的再生塑料加热软化，并通过模具制备成半径为0.5cm的球形结构，冷却处理后，对成型后的塑料进行表面打磨和内部打孔处理，使其内部含有通孔，选取200目的碳纤维粉防静电材料颗粒，并将其研磨成半径为400-500目的粉状，废旧塑料是：低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的混合物；
S2制备防静电塑料：将防静电材料粉末和成型塑料放进真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机内，设置震荡速度300-500r/min，设置搅拌时间3-5min，得到内含防静电材料粉末的成型塑料，放置螺旋挤压机中进行加热挤压，设置温度55-68℃，设置搅拌转速30-45r/min，加热时间设置15-20min，得到防静电粉末和成型塑料重量比为1:2的防静电塑料；
S3制备防静电外板：按重量份选取：农作物纤维25份、制备好的防静电塑料65份、四丙氟橡胶不耐脂20份、Honeywell润滑剂2份、无机锡稳定剂1.5份、MSV-206发泡剂2份，将选取的材料于150-180℃的加热炉中加热搅拌，再将其输出至50-60℃的加热炉中加热搅拌后将其输出至预先设计好的板材模具中挤压成型，于5-10℃的冷却液中定型，将制备好的板材至少一面打磨光滑，农作物纤维选用秸秆纤维和木粉混合物；
S4制备木塑板材中间层：按重量份选取：SG-7树脂25份、农作物纤维35份、60目的聚氯乙烯纤维80份、稳定剂1份、MSV-206发泡剂2份、氧化PE蜡1份、高岭土20份、马来酸酐偶联剂1份，将农作物纤维控水至1％后和高岭土、SG-7树脂加入高速混合机中至100℃后加入马来酸酐偶联剂，混合至120℃后加入聚氯乙烯、稳定剂，混合至80℃后加入氧化PE蜡润滑剂，混合至120℃后加入MSV-206发泡剂，停止加热直至冷却至30℃后加入双螺旋挤出机内设置温度150℃进行挤出定型，再将其加热挤压制作成板材；
S5粘合：将S4中所制备的中间层板材表面涂覆热熔胶与S3中的防静电外板进行粘合，每层之间涂覆1份热熔胶即可得到木塑型材，热熔胶采用苯乙烯嵌段共聚物为基体，萜烯酚为增粘剂再加入EVA热熔胶抗氧剂和EVA交联剂挤出加热至150-220℃混合制成。
实施例二：
与所述实施例一不同之处在于本实施例S4中稳定剂采用复合铅盐稳定剂，其含铅量为45％，氧化PE蜡配合加工复合铅盐稳定剂使其热稳定性和电绝缘性更佳，对于所制备的防静电外板的防静电性能提高8％。
实施例三：
与所述实施例二不同之处在于本实施例S4中双螺旋挤出机螺筒C1-C4段温度设定分别为185℃、180℃、165℃、155℃，模具D1-D4段温度设定为155-160℃，通过实施例三中的这种分段加热的方式挤出处理的木塑板，其发泡质感、耐塑性能和抗紫外线性能更强。
实施例四：
与所述实施例三不同之处在于本此实施例S4中在加入MSV-206发泡剂的同时加入80目雾化镍粉10份，雾化镍粉的加入提高了所制备出的木塑材料中间层的抗抗弯曲强度。
实施例五：
与所述实施例一不同之处在于本次实施例中防静电材料颗粒选择300目的白云石砂，并将其研磨至500-600目，再将其与制备出的带有通孔的成型塑料进行混合，其配比方式与所述实施例一相同，得到的防静电塑料其防静电能力略高于实施例一的防静电塑料的防静电性能。
通过对上述的实施例制备的木塑型材的性能进行测试，得出下表1：
表1：木塑型材性能测试数据
Figure BDA0002629547460000061
Figure BDA0002629547460000071
通过上述表1可知，实施例二和实施例一的数据对比可见，由于采用复合铅盐稳定剂，氧化PE蜡配合加工复合铅盐稳定剂使其热稳定性和电绝缘性更佳，对于所制备的防静电外板的防静电性能提高8％，实施例四S4中在加入MSV-206发泡剂的同时加入80目雾化镍粉10份，雾化镍粉的加入提高了所制备出的木塑材料中间层的抗弯曲强度，也可得知实施例五中所制备的木塑型材各方面性能均优于其他实施例。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，主要包括以下步骤：
S1材料预处理：选取废旧再生塑料，采用清洗干燥机对所述的再生塑料进行清洗干燥，再通过粉碎机粉碎，将粉碎后的再生塑料加热软化，并通过模具制备成型，冷却处理后，对成型后的塑料进行表面打磨和内部打孔处理，使其内部含有通孔，得到含有通孔的成型塑料，选取防静电材料颗粒，并将其研磨成半径为400-600目的粉状；
S2制备防静电塑料：将制备好的含有通孔的成型塑料和研磨好的防静电材料粉末放进真空脱泡高速震荡搅拌机内，设置震荡速度300-500r/min，设置搅拌时间3-5min，得到内含防静电材料粉末的成型塑料，放置螺旋挤压机中进行加热挤压，设置温度55-68℃，设置搅拌转速30-45r/min，加热时间设置15-20min，得到防静电粉末和成型塑料重量比为1:2-1:3的防静电塑料；
S3制备防静电外板：按重量份选取：农作物纤维25份、制备好的防静电塑料65份、四丙氟橡胶不耐脂20份、润滑剂2份、稳定剂1.5份、MSV-206发泡剂2份，将选取的材料于150-180℃的加热炉中加热搅拌，再将其输出至50-60℃的加热炉中加热搅拌后将其输出至预先设计好的板材模具中挤压成型，于5-10℃的冷却液中定型，将制备好的板材至少一面打磨光滑；
S4制备木塑板材中间层：按重量份选取：SG-7树脂25份、农作物纤维35份、60目的聚氯乙烯纤维80份、稳定剂1份、MSV-206发泡剂2份、氧化PE蜡1份、高岭土20份、偶联剂1份，将农作物纤维控水后和高岭土、SG-7树脂加入高速混合机中至100℃后加入偶联剂，混合至120℃后加入聚氯乙烯、稳定剂，混合至80℃后加入氧化PE蜡，混合至120℃后加入MSV-206发泡剂，停止加热直至冷却至30℃后加入双螺旋挤出机内进行挤出定型，再将其加热挤压制作成板材；
S5粘合：将S4中所制备的中间层板材表面涂覆热熔胶与S3中的防静电外板进行粘合，得到木塑型材。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，S4中所述稳定剂采用复合铅盐稳定剂，其含铅量为45％，S3中所述稳定剂采用的是有机锡稳定剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，S4中在加入MSV-206发泡剂的同时加入80目雾化镍粉10份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，S4中双螺旋挤出机螺筒C1-C4段温度设定分别为185℃、180℃、165℃、155℃，模具D1-D4段温度设定为155-160℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，S1中成型塑料为半径为0.3-0.5cm的球形结构，其内部打通多个半径大于防静电粉末粒径的通孔。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种抗静电型木塑复合型材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S1防静电材料颗粒选取200目的碳纤维粉或300目的白云石砂其中的一种。
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CN104744817A (zh) * 2015-03-24 2015-07-01 合肥创新轻质材料有限公司 一种高浓度抗静电母粒及其制备方法
CN105602106A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-05-25 南京林业大学 一种表面抗静电的共挤木塑复合材料及其制造方法

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CN105602106A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-05-25 南京林业大学 一种表面抗静电的共挤木塑复合材料及其制造方法

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