CN111825426A - High-strength porous water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength porous water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111825426A CN111825426A CN202010733884.7A CN202010733884A CN111825426A CN 111825426 A CN111825426 A CN 111825426A CN 202010733884 A CN202010733884 A CN 202010733884A CN 111825426 A CN111825426 A CN 111825426A
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- Prior art keywords
- water permeable
- permeable brick
- shale
- strength porous
- porous water
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016337 monopotassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M potassium bitartrate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940081543 potassium bitartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011451 fired brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011479 Dutch brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086065 potassium hydrogentartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M sodium;(1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C([O-])=O ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
- E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/006—Pressing by atmospheric pressure, as a result of vacuum generation or by gas or liquid pressure acting directly upon the material, e.g. jets of compressed air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength porous water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof; the industrial coal cinder is subjected to carbon reduction treatment,The shale is modified, the content of fixed carbon in the coal cinder is reduced, and the high-strength porous water permeable brick is prepared by the steps of grinding, aging, pulping, extrusion molding, firing and the like, wherein the compressive strength reaches 31MPa, and the water permeability coefficient is 5.01 multiplied by 10‑2cm/s, and heat conductivity coefficient of 0.65W/m2K, bulk density 1350kg/m3. The construction method can be used for laying sponge urban roads and building bearing walls.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength porous water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Water seepage brick: the building material is also called a water permeable brick, a dutch brick and the like, belongs to a novel green environment-friendly building material, and is formed by mainly adopting environment-friendly materials such as cement, sand, slag, fly ash and the like as raw materials under high pressure; the whole brick is formed by one-time compression, and the pressing in layers is avoided, so that the homogeneous brick with consistent upper and lower layers is formed. Good water permeability and strong anti-skid function; the color is natural and lasting; the maintenance cost is low, the replacement is easy, and the pipeline can be conveniently buried under the pavement; the color and the shape are various, and the color and the shape are contrasted with the surrounding environment, so the color is natural and beautiful. The traditional multipurpose shale, coal gangue, fly ash and the like are mixed and then fired, and the fired brick has the disadvantages of heavy weight, less pores, poorer water permeability and thermal insulation performance. The coal cinder with high fixed carbon content generated by the gasification furnace generally has higher fixed carbon content (more than 10 percent), and some coal cinder with high fixed carbon content can even reach 35 percent. When the non-burnt brick is used for the non-burnt brick, the non-stability problem of cracking and even explosion cracking occurs in the later period of the non-burnt brick due to the fixed carbon of coal cinder and higher loss during burning; the clay bricks are gradually restricted to be used nationwide, and the coal cinder is used for the clay bricks, so that the significance is lost.
The patent document with the publication number of CN108164199A discloses a novel heat-insulating brick, the brick body of which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-65 parts of building waste soil, 5-40 parts of river silt, 5-30 parts of papermaking silt, 5-50 parts of shale powder, 5-30 parts of fly ash, 5-20 parts of coal cinder, 5-20 parts of sawdust powder and 5-30 parts of sediment of a sewage treatment plant. The porous brick with high heat preservation performance and certain compression and crack resistance performance is prepared by utilizing the coagulability of the mixed fly ash and coal cinder and combining with plant fibers contained in papermaking sludge. It is connected together through setting up the heat preservation subsides between two brick bodies, and is comparatively loaded down with trivial details from the preparation to, because the brick body is not integrative with the heat preservation, density also is different, can lead to the two to separate or the cracked problem of the brick body of the unchangeable nevertheless of insulating brick structure to appear when the pressurized.
Patent document with publication number CN109694219A discloses a water-permeable cinder brick, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-35 parts of cement, 30-40 parts of coal cinder particles, 3-5 parts of activated carbon, 1.2-2.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 1-2 parts of acrylic polymer, 1.5-3.5 parts of polyoxyethylene shrinkage reducing agent and 1.2-1.6 parts of sodium abietate; 1-4 parts of an early strength agent. The water permeable brick prepared by using the hydration and condensation effects of cement and the water absorption of activated carbon and adding a high polymer material has high strength and good water permeability, reduces the cracking of a brick body, and improves the frost damage resistance and the durability. However, as the brick body is a baking-free brick, the grain diameter of the coal slag is 0.5-1.0cm, the cement is solidified into a solid brick body, the polyacrylamide is added to improve the viscosity of each component, and the communicating holes among the coal slag particles are easily and densely filled, so that the water permeability of the brick body is influenced, the water absorption of the prepared brick is higher than that of the water permeability, and the brick is easy to reverse seep after water absorption due to the main water absorption effect when being laid in cities with much rainfall, so that the ground is not easy to dry or even accumulate water after raining.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-strength porous water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. carbon reduction treatment of coal cinder:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 40-50% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: crushing the coal cinder, adding sodium sulfate accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the coal cinder after magnetic separation, mixing and grinding the coal cinder and lime milk with the same mass of the coal cinder, filtering out the exuded water, roasting at the temperature of 130-170 ℃ for 1-2h, cooling and crushing.
2. Shale modification:
a. crushing shale into coarse particles with the particle size of 2-5mm, calcining at the temperature of 70-110 ℃ for 65-90min, taking out, calcining at the temperature of 220-240 ℃ for 10-20min, and calcining at the temperature of 150-170 ℃ for 30-40 min;
b. and (3) dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse grains are cooled to 60-80 ℃, drying and crushing the shale coarse grains for grinding when no bubbles appear, and obtaining the modified shale.
3. Mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 2-4.5: mixing at a mass ratio of 0.3-0.7 to obtain the gelling agent.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated, wherein the water content is 30-40%;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder briquette prepared in the step a, standing for 12-24h for aging, adding a gelling agent accounting for 4-6% of the mass of the modified shale, and dripping 1-1.5 times of the mass of the gelling agent into an acid solution with the concentration of 1-3% to mix uniformly;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the slurry can flow, adding a bulking agent accounting for 1-3% of the mass of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying until the water content is 40-50% to obtain a green brick cluster;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
Further, the swelling agent includes, but is not limited to, potassium bitartrate, sodium thiosulfate and aluminum powder.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention carries out carbon reduction treatment on industrial cinder and modification treatment on shale, reduces the content of fixed carbon in the cinder, and prepares the high-strength porous water permeable brick through the steps of grinding, aging, pulping, extrusion molding, firing and the like, wherein the compressive strength reaches 31MPa, and the water permeability coefficient is 5.01 multiplied by 10-2cm/s, and heat conductivity coefficient of 0.65W/m2K, bulk density 1350kg/m3. The construction method can be used for laying sponge urban roads and building bearing walls.
The industrial cinder is crushed to reduce certain fixed carbon content, the sodium sulfate is added to activate the coal cinder, the compressive strength of the water permeable brick can be effectively improved, the coal cinder is mixed and ground with lime cream, the fixed carbon content is further reduced, the specific surface area of the coal cinder is increased, and the subsequent modified shale molecular structure which is large as the specific surface area and loose in structure is intercalated in a staggered mode, so that the coal cinder can be more tightly cemented together when hydrated, and the strength is improved. SiO contained in coal slag2、Al2O3Ca (OH) in lime milk2When water is contained, calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate are generated, and certain gelling effect is achieved. And the excessive exuded water is filtered out in the mixing and grinding process, so that the coal cinder is partially hydrated, and the excessive high condensation speed in the brick making aging process is avoided. The shale is calcined in three stages, different impurities in the shale are removed, vitrification of the shale calcined at high temperature for a long time is avoided, the impurities are not thoroughly removed, and the structure becomes compact to influence water permeability. Then dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide to remove soluble organic matters such as saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, and adopting the methods of calcining, dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide, drying and grinding to increase the specific surface area of the shale, so that the structure becomes loose and porous. The method is characterized in that beer is selected as a hydration solvent during brick making and is calcined and molded at high temperatureIn the process, carbon dioxide escapes, the formed brick has fine holes, a loose structure and good water permeability, but because the hydration gelling effect of the coal cinder and the micelle formed by the gelling agent under the acidic condition connect the loose structure, the prepared water permeable brick has higher compressive strength and is not easy to break. Through hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion, various special-shaped brick products can be generated only by designing a mould according to requirements.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.
Example 1
1. Carbon reduction treatment of coal cinder:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 45% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: crushing the coal cinder, carrying out magnetic separation, adding sodium sulfate accounting for 1.5 percent of the mass of the coal cinder, mixing and grinding the coal cinder and lime milk with the same mass of the coal cinder, filtering out the exuded water, roasting the coal cinder at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 1.5 hours, cooling and crushing the coal cinder.
2. Shale modification:
a. crushing shale into coarse particles with the particle size of 4mm, calcining at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 80min, taking out, calcining at the temperature of 230 ℃ for 15min, and calcining at the temperature of 160 ℃ for 35 min;
b. and (3) dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse particles are cooled to 70 ℃, drying and crushing the shale coarse particles for grinding when no bubbles appear, and obtaining the modified shale.
3. Mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 3: 0.5 mass ratio to obtain a gelling agent.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated and the water content is 35 percent;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder blocks prepared in the step a, standing for 18h for aging, adding a gelling agent accounting for 5% of the mass of the modified shale, and dripping 1.5 times of the mass of the gelling agent into a glacial acetic acid solution with the concentration of 1% to uniformly mix;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the pulp can flow, adding potassium hydrogen tartrate accounting for 2% of the mass of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying until the moisture content is 45% to obtain green brick clusters;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
Example 2
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. carbon reduction treatment of coal cinder:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 50% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: crushing the coal cinder, carrying out magnetic separation, adding sodium sulfate accounting for 2% of the mass of the coal cinder, mixing and grinding the coal cinder and lime milk with the same mass of the coal cinder, filtering out the exuded water, roasting at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling and crushing.
2. Shale modification:
a. crushing shale into coarse particles with the particle size of 5mm, calcining at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 65min, taking out, calcining at the temperature of 240 ℃ for 10min, and calcining at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 30 min;
b. and (3) dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse grains are cooled to 80 ℃, drying and crushing the shale coarse grains for grinding when no bubbles appear, and obtaining the modified shale.
3. Mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 4.5: 0.7 by mass ratio to obtain a gelling agent.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated and the water content is 40 percent;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder briquette prepared in the step a, standing for 24 hours for aging, adding a gelling agent accounting for 4% of the mass of the modified shale, and dripping 1 time of the mass of the gelling agent into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 3% to uniformly mix;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the slurry can flow, adding sodium thiosulfate accounting for 3% of the mass of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying until the moisture content is 50% to obtain green brick clusters;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
Example 3
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. carbon reduction treatment of coal cinder:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 40% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: crushing the coal cinder, carrying out magnetic separation, adding sodium sulfate accounting for 1% of the mass of the coal cinder, mixing and grinding the coal cinder and lime milk with the same mass of the coal cinder, filtering out the exuded water, roasting the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 130 ℃, cooling and crushing the mixture.
2. Shale modification:
a. crushing shale into coarse particles with the particle size of 2mm, calcining at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 90min, taking out, calcining at the temperature of 220 ℃ for 20min, and calcining at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 30 min;
b. and (3) dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse grains are cooled to 60 ℃, drying and crushing the shale coarse grains for grinding when no bubbles appear, and obtaining the modified shale.
3. Mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 2: 0.3 to obtain a gelling agent.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated and the water content is 30 percent;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder briquette prepared in the step a, standing for 12 hours for aging, adding a gelling agent accounting for 6% of the mass of the modified shale, and dripping 1.5 times of the mass of the gelling agent into tartaric acid solution with the concentration of 1% to uniformly mix;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the slurry can flow, adding aluminum powder with the mass of 1% of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying until the moisture content is 40% to obtain a green brick cluster;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
Example 4
1. Carbon reduction treatment of coal cinder:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 40% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: pulverizing coal cinder, magnetically separating, adding sodium sulfate 1.2 wt%, mixing with lime milk of the same mass as coal cinder, grinding, filtering out water, roasting at 145 deg.C for 1.5 hr, cooling, and pulverizing.
2. Shale modification:
a. crushing shale into coarse particles with the particle size of 3mm, calcining at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 70min, taking out, calcining at the temperature of 225 ℃ for 20min, and calcining at the temperature of 165 ℃ for 33 min;
b. and (3) dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse grains are cooled to 65 ℃, drying and crushing the shale coarse grains for grinding when no bubbles appear, and obtaining the modified shale.
3. Mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 4: 0.6 by mass ratio to obtain a gelling agent.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated, wherein the water content is 37%;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder blocks prepared in the step a, standing for 20 hours for aging, adding a gelling agent with the mass of 6% of that of the modified shale, and dripping 1.5 times of the mass of the gelling agent into a glacial acetic acid solution with the concentration of 2% to uniformly mix;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the slurry can flow, adding calcium hydrophosphate with the mass of 2 percent of the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying until the moisture content is 42 percent to obtain green brick clusters;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
Formulation and dosage screening experiments
Experiment 1: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those of the example 1, the coal cinder is not subjected to carbon reduction treatment, and only is crushed and magnetically separated;
experiment 2: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those of the example 1, the coal cinder is not subjected to carbon reduction treatment, and is only ground and mixed with lime for roasting;
experiments 3-4: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those of the example 1, the use amounts of the sodium sulfate are respectively changed to 0.5 percent and 3.0 percent;
experiment 5: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those of the example 1, lime milk is not prepared, and lime and coal cinder are mixed and ground;
experiment 6: in the experiment, the shale is calcined for 2 hours at the temperature of 220-240 ℃ under the same condition as that of the example 1;
experiment 7: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those in the example 1, hydrogen peroxide is replaced by dilute hydrochloric acid with the same concentration;
experiment 8: in this experiment, the beer was changed to an equal amount of water under the same conditions as in example 1;
experiments 9-11: in the experiment, under the same conditions as those of the example 1, the gelling agents are respectively replaced by alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax with the same amount;
the water permeable bricks obtained in the above experiments were measured for compressive strength, water permeability coefficient and bulk density, and compared with the water permeable bricks obtained in example 1, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Item | Compressive strength (MPa) | Permeability coefficient (cm/s) | Bulk density (kg/m)3) |
| Example 1 | 31 | 5.01×10-2 | 1350 |
| Experiment 1 | 14 | 2.37×10-2 | 2035 |
| Experiment 2 | 18 | 4.16×10-2 | 1822 |
| Experiment 3 | 29 | 4.93×10-2 | 1460 |
| Experiment 4 | 23 | 4.97×10-2 | 1355 |
| Experiment 5 | 24 | 3.59×10-2 | 1790 |
| Experiment 6 | 35 | 3.61×10-2 | 2147 |
| Experiment 7 | 30 | 4.70×10-2 | 1554 |
| Experiment 8 | 33 | 3.85×10-2 | 1352 |
| Experiment 9 | 26 | 4.08×10-2 | 1425 |
| Experiment 10 | 36 | 3.42×10-2 | 1905 |
| Experiment 11 | 20 | 5.56×10-2 | 1248 |
In experiment 1, the coal cinder has high fixed carbon content, so that the time required for brick firing is short, and the fuel cost is reduced; in experiment 6, although the compressive strength is high, the impurities cannot be removed after the shale is vitrified, the water permeability coefficient is relatively low, and the fired brick is slightly brittle and easy to crack.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength porous water permeable brick, which comprises the following components: the coal cinder, the modified shale, the swelling agent and the gelling agent are characterized in that the coal cinder is obtained after carbon reduction treatment, and the modified shale is obtained after fractional calcination and impurity removal treatment.
2. A high strength porous water permeable brick according to claim 1 wherein said carbon reduction treatment comprises the steps of:
a. adding water into quicklime, stirring, standing for layering, and vacuum drying the lower suspension until the water content is 40-50% to obtain lime milk;
b. and (3) activation: crushing the coal cinder, carrying out magnetic separation, adding sodium sulfate, mixing with lime milk, grinding, filtering out the exuded water, roasting at the temperature of 130-170 ℃, cooling and crushing.
3. The high-strength porous water permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fractional calcination is to crush shale into coarse particles with a particle size of 2-5mm, and calcine the coarse particles at temperatures of 70-110 ℃, 220-.
4. The high-strength porous water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the impurity removal is carried out by dropping hydrogen peroxide when the calcined shale coarse particles are cooled to 60-80 ℃ until no bubbles appear, and then drying, crushing and grinding the shale coarse particles to obtain the modified shale.
5. The high-strength porous water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the gelling agent is prepared by mixing alginic acid, chitosan powder and borax in a ratio of 1: 2-4.5: 0.3-0.7 by mass ratio.
6. The high-strength porous water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the swelling agent includes, but is not limited to, potassium bitartrate, sodium thiosulfate and aluminum powder.
7. The preparation method of the high-strength porous water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. adding water into the coal slag until the coal slag can be agglomerated, wherein the water content is 30-40%;
b. b, mixing and grinding the modified shale and the coal cinder blocks prepared in the step a, standing for 12-24h for aging, adding a gelling agent, and dripping an acid solution with the mass 1-1.5 times that of the gelling agent to uniformly mix;
c. adding beer into the mixture obtained in the step b for pulping until the slurry can flow, adding a swelling agent, uniformly stirring, and drying until the moisture content is 40-50% to obtain a green brick cluster;
d. and (3) molding the green brick blocks by adopting a hard plastic vacuum strong extrusion method, firing the green brick blocks by using a tunnel kiln, and performing standard maintenance after cooling to obtain the high-strength porous water permeable brick.
8. The application of the high-strength porous water permeable brick is characterized in that the high-strength porous water permeable brick can be used for laying sponge urban roads and building bearing walls.
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