CN111825411B - Back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the material comprises powder: 16-22 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 8-12 parts of mineral powder, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 40-48 parts of quartz sand, 4-6 parts of sodium silicate, 0.5-1 part of a waterproof agent, 4-8 parts of silica fume, 4-6 parts of rubber powder, 0.25-0.4 part of an early strength agent and 0.3-0.8 part of magnesium fluosilicate; liquid material: 20-26 parts of polymer emulsion, 0.1-0.2 part of defoaming agent, 0.05-0.15 part of dispersing agent, 0.05-0.1 part of multifunctional assistant, 0.06-0.12 part of preservative, 0.08-0.14 part of anti-freezing agent and 20-26 parts of water. The material has good durability, impermeability, cracking resistance and frost resistance; the waterproof structure is simple and convenient to manufacture and convenient to construct, has the effects of self-repairing and self-healing when secondary leakage occurs, and achieves a high-efficiency and long-term waterproof effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waterproof material for buildings, in particular to a back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, the research on polymer cement-based coatings by domestic and foreign scholars mainly focuses on the improvement of coating formulas and the modification of polymer emulsions. The polymer emulsion is a base material of a coating and has important influence on the performance of the coating, and the polyacrylate emulsion and the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (VAE) are mostly used at present. The VAE emulsion is a linear high polymer material, has high tensile strength and good alkali resistance, but has large molecular polarity and poor heat aging resistance, and a coating film is easy to become brittle and hard after being heated. The polyacrylate emulsion is mainly prepared by copolymerizing acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, acrylic acid and other monomers, has excellent performances of film forming, adhesion, aging resistance and the like, and is widely applied to water-based coatings. Most products are not easy to dry and harden after construction on a damp or water seepage base surface at the present stage, the mechanical property, the waterproof property and the corrosion resistance are insufficient in a high-humidity environment, a coating is easy to absorb water and expand after hardening, the coating is easy to crack due to cold and heat alternation, the damage is caused to the coating, the adaptability to the environment is poor, and the waterproof and seepage-proofing failure of the material is caused. In addition to improvements in emulsions, improvements in powder formulations are also important. However, in the prior art, the waterproof material with self-repairing and self-healing functions for cracking of the coating material caused by poor weather resistance and the waterproof material with quick-setting and visible water stopping effects for a damp or water seepage construction environment are few.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a back water surface waterproof material which can stop open water and can be self-healed, and the back water surface waterproof material which can stop open water and can be self-healed has long-acting waterproofness, durability, aging resistance, good impermeability, cracking resistance and good freezing resistance; and the manufacturing is simple and convenient, and the construction is convenient. More importantly, when leakage once more occurs, the waterproof material has self-repairing and self-healing effects, so that a high-efficiency and long-term waterproof effect is achieved, the problem that the waterproof effect of the material fails after slight damage occurs to the coating self can be effectively solved, and the material has a self-healing effect.
The invention also provides a preparation method, application and a using method of the back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the self-healing waterproof material for the back water surface, which can stop open water, comprises a powder material and a liquid material, wherein the powder material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-22 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 8-12 parts of mineral powder, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 40-48 parts of quartz sand, 4-6 parts of sodium silicate, 0.5-1 part of a waterproof agent, 4-8 parts of silica fume, 4-6 parts of rubber powder, 0.25-0.4 part of an early strength agent and 0.3-0.8 part of magnesium fluosilicate; the liquid material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-26 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 0.1-0.2 part of defoaming agent, 0.05-0.15 part of dispersing agent, 0.05-0.1 part of multifunctional additive, 0.06-0.12 part of preservative, 0.08-0.14 part of anti-freezing agent and 20-26 parts of water.
Wherein the sulphoaluminate cement is cement which is mainly composed of anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate and dicalcium silicate. The cement is a main component, has high early strength and continuously increased later strength, and has setting time meeting the use requirement. In addition, the sulphoaluminate cement also has good freezing resistance, corrosion resistance and impermeability.
The mineral powder is superfine slag micro powder which can exist in the material in the form of micro aggregate, so that the pore structure of the material is improved, the compactness of the waterproof material on the back water surface is improved, the impermeability, the freeze-thaw resistance and the durability of the waterproof material on the back water surface are improved, and the chloride ion and sulfate erosion resistance of the waterproof material on the back water surface can be effectively improved.
The fly ash is a coal-fired power plant product fly ash, can chemically react with a cement hydration product calcium hydroxide or other alkaline earth metal hydroxides to generate a compound with a hydraulic gelation property, can increase the strength and durability of a material, and improves the impermeability and the frost resistance of the material.
The quartz sand is 40-80 meshes and is aggregate in the waterproof material of the back water surface, and the strength and the surface hardness of the waterproof material of the back water surface can be improved.
The sodium silicate is sodium silicate powder, the addition amount of the sodium silicate is excessive, the sodium silicate is water-soluble silicate, the sodium silicate has a quick-setting effect on the material, the compactness, strength, impermeability, frost resistance, water resistance and the like of the waterproof material on the back water surface can be improved, the sodium silicate can permeate into the concrete structure body through capillary holes or cracks of a concrete construction base surface after being dissolved in water and react with free calcium ions, magnesium ions and the like in the concrete structure body to generate gel, so that the concrete body is more compact, and the self-waterproof performance of the concrete body is improved.
The silica fume is silica ultrafine powder which can fill pores among cement particles, simultaneously generates gel with hydration products, and reacts with alkaline materials to generate gel, so that the compression resistance, the folding resistance, the permeability resistance, the corrosion resistance, the impact resistance and the wear resistance are obviously improved, and the durability of the waterproof material on the back water surface in severe environments such as chloride salt corrosion, sulfate salt corrosion, high humidity and the like is improved.
The adhesive powder is water-soluble re-dispersible acrylic emulsion powder, so that the adhesive strength can be remarkably improved, the water absorption of the waterproof material on the back surface is reduced, the drawing strength and the abrasion resistance are improved, the drying shrinkage is reduced, the cracking is reduced, and the adhesive strength is remarkably improved after repeated cold and hot actions.
The early strength agent is at least one of calcium chloride or calcium formate, so that the early strength of the material is improved, and the material can be constructed under a low-temperature condition.
The magnesium fluosilicate is magnesium hexafluorosilicate powder, can react with calcium hydroxide which is a cement hydration product to generate hydrated calcium silicate gel to block capillary holes and cracks, can obviously improve the impermeability and durability of the waterproof material on the back water surface, can act synergistically with the sodium silicate powder to achieve the self-healing effect of the material, and has the action principle similar to that of sodium silicate. In addition, the magnesium fluosilicate also has the function of controlling the material setting time, and when the doping amount of the magnesium fluosilicate is more, the magnesium fluosilicate has the function of accelerating the setting, so that the material can be used under the condition of a base surface with water seepage or open water; when the doping amount of the magnesium fluosilicate is lower, the magnesium fluosilicate has the function of retarding, the operable time of the material is prolonged, and different doping amounts are used for different construction environments.
Wherein the waterproof agent is at least one of sodium stearate, calcium stearate and ammonium stearate.
The polymer emulsion is acrylate copolymer emulsion, is a water dispersion of high molecular polymer, is a cement modifier, and can ensure that the hardened material has good weather resistance, durability, impermeability, compactness, high bonding force and high waterproof and anticorrosion effects.
Wherein, the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil, and the main function of the defoaming agent is to eliminate foam in the stirring process of the material and reduce hardened pores.
The dispersing agent is stearamide, and the dispersing agent has the effects of enabling the auxiliary agent to be dispersed in the emulsion more uniformly and enabling the mixed powder to be dispersed uniformly, and is beneficial to improving the strength of the hardened material.
The multifunctional auxiliary agent is AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent, so that the using amount of other auxiliary agents can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the generation of bubbles can be reduced.
The anti-freezing agent is propylene glycol, is a non-toxic colorless transparent viscous liquid, can reduce the freezing point, can ensure that liquid materials are not frozen at the temperature of minus 10 ℃, can normally hydrate the materials in the environment of 0 ℃ to minus 15 ℃, and improves the early strength of the materials.
The preservative is a C15 bactericidal preservative, can effectively inhibit decay-causing microorganisms and prevent liquid materials from demulsifying and deteriorating.
Preferably, the water is deionized water, and the resistivity is greater than or equal to 10 megaohm-cm.
The preparation method of the back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula ratio of the powder, adding sulphoaluminate cement into a powder stirrer, then sequentially and fully stirring mineral powder, fly ash, quartz sand, sodium silicate powder, a waterproof agent, silica fume, rubber powder, an early strength agent and magnesium fluosilicate uniformly, filtering the mixed powder in the stirrer to remove impurities in the powder mixture, filtering the powder mixture by using a standard screen with the mesh size of 1mm to remove the impurities, and preparing the powder of the waterproof material on the back water surface after filtering treatment;
(2) weighing the components according to a formula ratio, sequentially adding water, a defoaming agent, a dispersing agent, a multifunctional auxiliary agent, an anti-freezing agent and a preservative into a reaction kettle, finally adding polymer acrylic emulsion, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, finally removing impurities in the solution through filtration treatment, and obtaining the liquid material of the waterproof material on the back water surface through the filtered solution; wherein the impurities are removed by filtration, usually using a standard sieve having a mesh size of 0.5mm
The invention relates to application of a back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing in a damp or water seepage building base surface.
The specific application method of the application comprises the following steps:
firstly, preprocessing an applied concrete base surface, wherein the preprocessing comprises the following specific steps: removing oil stains, accumulated water or other sundries on a concrete construction base surface (a back water surface), and then mixing the powder material and the liquid material according to the mass ratio of 3-4: after the materials are mixed in a proportion of 1 and fully stirred uniformly, the waterproof material on the back surface is applied to a concrete base surface to be constructed in a brushing construction mode, and the brushing is repeated for 2-3 times. The back surface in the present invention means a surface not directly contacting water, such as an outer wall of a water tank, an inner wall of an underground structure, etc.
The powder material in the waterproof coating on the back surface is prepared by taking sulphoaluminate cement as a base material, adding mineral powder, quartz sand, fly ash, sodium silicate powder, rubber powder and magnesium fluosilicate, mixing and stirring, and the liquid material is prepared by taking polymer emulsion as a main component, adding water and various auxiliaries and stirring, and is a waterproof material on the back surface with quick-setting, early-strength and high-strength, waterproof and anti-permeability effects and self-repairing and self-healing effects. The main technical principle is that an elastic film layer with cohesiveness and continuity is formed on the basis of water loss of an organic polymer emulsion, cement absorbs water in the emulsion to harden, and a flexible polymer is filled in gaps of a cement hardened body, so that the cement hardened body is more compact and elastic, and a coating has good elongation; the cement hardened body is filled in the polymer phaseThe waterproof material has better outdoor durability and base layer adaptability, has the advantages of the two materials, has certain rigidity and flexibility, and is a waterproof material with high strength, toughness and durability. Simultaneously, sodium silicate and magnesium fluosilicate are added into the material, on one hand, the sodium silicate powder and the magnesium fluosilicate powder can permeate into the concrete body after being dissolved in water, and continuously react with hydration product calcium hydroxide in the concrete to fill pores and microcracks on the surface of the concrete, and simultaneously, the magnesium fluosilicate can accelerate the hardening of the sodium silicate, accelerate the reaction rate and the strength of the material to be exerted, obviously improve the surface strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the material, and the quick-setting and early-strength effects of the material can meet the construction requirements of the material on a wet base surface with clear water; on the other hand, when the coating material has water seepage points or micro cracks (less than 0.3 mm) again, the seepage water carries the hydration products Ca (OH) in the concrete2When the coating is reached, the residual unreacted sodium silicate powder and magnesium fluosilicate in the coating can continuously react to generate insoluble substances such as gel and the like to block and repair cracks, so that the self-healing effect of the material is achieved. The invention can stop open water and can self-heal the waterproof material of the back water surface, the strength exerts fast and impervious, frost resistance is good, does not shrink and crack, the cohesive force is strong, and have certain self-healing ability.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the sodium silicate powder can be used as an adhesive after being dissolved in a liquid material, and fillers such as sulphoaluminate cement, quartz sand, mineral powder, fly ash and the like are better mixed together, so that the materials are more uniform and integrated. Secondly, after the sodium silicate powder is dissolved in the liquid material, part of the sodium silicate powder can permeate into the concrete structure body through capillary holes or cracks of the concrete construction base surface and react with free calcium ions, magnesium ions and the like in the concrete structure body to generate gel to fill the holes, so that the concrete body is more compact, the self-waterproof performance of the concrete body is improved, and the sodium silicate powder has the function of permeating crystals; and part of the cement can react with the cement in the material, and the cement has a certain coagulation promoting effect, so that the material can be constructed in an environment with open water. More importantly, when excessive sodium silicate powder is added, the sodium silicate powder is slowly dissolved, the material is quickly condensed and hardened, and unreacted sodium silicate remains in a coating after the material is hardened, so when new water seepage points or microcracks appear in the coating, the seeped water can carry calcium hydroxide out of a concrete body, and when the coating encounters the residual sodium silicate, new gel is generated by reaction to seal the water seepage points or microcracks, so that the material achieves the effect of self-healing and self-repairing.
2. The magnesium fluosilicate in the invention can react with the hydration product calcium hydroxide of cement to generate hydrated calcium silicate gel to block capillary holes and cracks, the impermeability and durability of the material can be obviously improved, the magnesium fluosilicate can also play a small amount of self-healing action, the principle of the self-healing action is similar to that of sodium silicate, the exuded water can carry the hydration product calcium hydroxide of the cement, the residual magnesium fluosilicate in the coating can continue to react with the calcium hydroxide to block and repair the cracks, and the self-healing effect is achieved. In addition, the magnesium fluosilicate also has the function of controlling the setting time of the material, and has the function of accelerating the setting when the doping amount of the magnesium fluosilicate is higher than 1 percent of the total mass of the gelled material (sulphoaluminate cement, mineral powder and fly ash) in the material, so that the material can be used under the condition of a base surface with water seepage or open water; when the doping amount of the magnesium fluosilicate is less than or equal to 1 percent of the total amount of the cementing materials in the material, the magnesium fluosilicate has the function of retarding coagulation and prolongs the operable time of the material.
3. The mineral powder and the fly ash can exist in the material in the form of micro-aggregates, the pore structure of the material is improved, the mutual cohesion of cement particles is prevented, the dispersion lubrication effect similar to a water reducing agent is achieved, the uniformity of fresh slurry and hardened bodies of the material is improved, the hydration reaction is facilitated, and meanwhile, the particles are filled in capillary pores of the material, so that the porosity of the material can be reduced, the compactness of the material is improved, the impermeability, freeze-thaw resistance and durability of the material are improved, and the chloride ion and sulfate erosion resistance of the material can be effectively improved.
4. The silica fume in the invention can fill the pores among cement particles, simultaneously generates gel with hydration products, and reacts with alkaline materials to generate gel, thereby obviously improving the compression resistance, the fracture resistance, the seepage resistance, the corrosion resistance, the impact resistance and the wear resistance, and improving the durability of the material in severe environments such as chloride salt erosion, sulfate salt erosion, high humidity and the like.
5. The sulphoaluminate cement has the characteristics of early strength and high strength, has continuously increased later strength, has the 3-day strength equivalent to the 28-day strength of silicate cement with the same grade, has the setting time meeting the use requirement, has the quick setting effect, can solve the problem that the material is not easy to dry and harden after construction on a damp or water seepage base surface in a high-humidity environment, has excellent frost resistance, can be widely applied to engineering of low-temperature construction in winter, and has the impermeability and the corrosion resistance greatly superior to those of common silicate cement. The anti-freezing agent can obviously reduce the freezing point and can ensure that the material is not frozen at the temperature of minus 10 ℃.
6. The material has the effect of quick setting, solves the problem that the material is not easy to dry and harden after construction of a damp or water-seepage base surface in a high-humidity environment, solves the problems that the hardened coating is easy to absorb water and expand, freeze-thaw cycle is easy to crack, the coating is damaged, and the environmental adaptability is poor, and effectively solves the defect of material damage and failure.
In conclusion, the self-healing backing surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water has long-acting waterproofness, durability, aging resistance, good impermeability, crack resistance and good freezing resistance; and the manufacturing is simple and convenient, and the construction is convenient. More importantly, when secondary leakage occurs, the waterproof material has self-repairing and self-healing effects, so that a high-efficiency and long-term waterproof effect is achieved.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrated.
All raw materials of the invention are commercially available building materials or industrial auxiliary agents, and the commercially available conventional raw materials of the same type can be adopted.
The raw materials used in the following examples are as follows:
sulphoaluminate cement (Suzhou Jie modest building materials Co., Ltd.: sulphoaluminate cement grade 42.5)
Mineral powder (company: Lingshou county Daye mineral processing factory model: S95 grade mineral powder, superfine slag powder)
Quartz sand (Changxing Qingsheng calcium industry Co., Ltd.: 40-80 mesh quartz sand)
Fly ash (company: Lingshou county Zhanteng mineral processing plant power plant fly ash)
Silica fume (company: processing factory for Zhangshou county Zhanteng mineral products, silica dioxide superfine powder)
Rubber powder (Hebei Excellent chemical Co., Ltd.; acrylic acid redispersible latex powder)
Sodium silicate powder (Suzhou Tengtai chemical technology Co., Ltd., powdery sodium silicate)
Magnesium fluorosilicate (Jinan Tian Shuo chemical Co., Ltd., magnesium hexafluorosilicate powder)
The polymer emulsion is acrylate copolymer emulsion (Nanjing Yongfeng chemical industry, Limited liability company, pure acrylic emulsion molecular weight: 10000-
Dimethyl silicone oil: (company: Guangzhou ear Xin chemical Co., Ltd.)
Sodium stearate, calcium stearate, ammonium stearate (Zhengzhou Huidong chemical products Co., Ltd.)
Multifunctional auxiliary agent (company: Guangdong Yue embellishment Co., Ltd.: AMP-95 multifunctional auxiliary agent)
C15 Bactericidal antiseptic (Hangzhou Youyi Komao Co., Ltd.: Nuode antiseptic C15)
Examples 1 to 4
The formula of the waterproof material on the back water surface, which can stop open water and can be self-healed, is shown in the table I.
Watch 1
In the embodiment 1-4, the sulphoaluminate cement is 42.5-grade sulphoaluminate cement, the mineral powder is ultrafine slag micropowder, the silica fume is ultrafine silica powder, the rubber powder is acrylic latex powder, the magnesium fluosilicate is magnesium hexafluorosilicate powder, the early strength agent is calcium chloride, the waterproof agent is sodium stearate, the polymer emulsion is acrylate copolymer emulsion, the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil, the dispersing agent is stearamide, and the multifunctional assistant is AMP-95 multifunctional assistant. The antifreeze agent is propylene glycol, the preservative is a C15 bactericidal preservative, and the water is deionized water.
The comparative examples 1-6 are the same as the example 3 in components except that: comparative example 1 was a replacement of the sulphoaluminate cement with ordinary silicate (p.o.42.5) cement, comparative example 2 lacks the sodium silicate component, comparative example 3 uses pure emulsion for water, comparative example 4 uses pure water for the polymer acrylic emulsion, 1 part sodium silicate in comparative example 5 and 9 parts sodium silicate in comparative example 6.
Example 5
Example 5 was prepared identically to example 1, except that: the early strength agent is calcium formate, and the waterproofing agent is calcium stearate or ammonium stearate.
Example 6
The components were weighed according to the formulation ratio in any of examples 1 to 5.
(1) Weighing the components according to the formula ratio, adding sulphoaluminate cement into a powder stirrer, then sequentially and fully stirring the mixed powder uniformly in the stirrer, removing impurities in the powder mixture through filtration, and filtering the treated powder to obtain the powder of the waterproof material on the back surface;
(2) weighing the components according to the formula proportion, then sequentially adding water, a defoaming agent, a dispersing agent, a multifunctional assistant, an anti-freezing agent and a preservative into a reaction kettle, finally adding polymer propyl emulsion, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, finally removing impurities in the solution through filtration treatment, and obtaining the liquid material of the waterproof material on the back surface through the filtered solution.
The preparation method of comparative examples 1 to 6 is the same as that of example 3.
Example 7
The method comprises the following steps of pretreating the applied concrete base surface by adopting the back water surface waterproof material which can stop open water and can be self-healed in any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein the pretreatment comprises the following specific steps: removing oil stains, accumulated water or other sundries on a concrete construction base surface (a back water surface), and then mixing the powder material and the liquid material according to a mass ratio of 4: after the materials are mixed in a proportion of 1 and fully stirred uniformly, the waterproof material on the back surface is applied to a concrete base surface to be constructed in a brushing construction mode, and the brushing is repeated for 2-3 times. The methods of use of comparative examples 1-6 are the same as example 3.
Example 8
Example 8 was used in the same manner as example 7, except that: mixing powder and liquid materials according to the mass ratio of 3: the mixture is mixed according to the proportion of 1 and is used after being fully stirred evenly.
Test example 1
After the treatment according to the method of example 7, the above 4 groups of examples and 6 groups were compared with the evaluation of the ratio with reference to JC/T984-2011 "Polymer Cement waterproof mortar", and the results are as follows.
The "clotting time" test results in this standard are shown in Table II.
Watch two
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the standard, the setting time of the embodiment of the invention meets the standard requirement, and the construction operation time is longer while the faster setting time is ensured. Through the comparison example, the fact that after the sulphoaluminate cement in the material is replaced by the ordinary Portland cement or the polymer emulsion is completely replaced by water, the setting time is obviously prolonged, the hardening of the material is obviously slowed down, and the service condition of the material cannot be met. In comparative example 3, when water was completely replaced with the polymer emulsion, the coagulation rate of the material was too high, and the material could not be used normally. It was found by comparative example 2 that the addition of sodium silicate to the material also results in a longer setting time. By observing 4 groups of examples, the setting time of the material can meet the construction requirements of high-humidity environment and moist or permeable base surface. Comparing examples 1 and 2 or examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that when a small amount of magnesium fluosilicate is added (less than or equal to 1% of the total amount of the binding material), the slow setting effect is achieved; when excessive magnesium fluosilicate is added (more than 1 percent of the total amount of the cementing material), the effect of accelerating coagulation is achieved. It was found from comparative examples 5 and 6 that the effect was not as remarkable as in example 3 although the hardening of the material was accelerated when the amount of sodium silicate added was small, whereas the effect was too rapid when the amount of sodium silicate added was 9 parts, the time taken for setting was too short, the workability of the material was seriously affected, and if the setting was too rapid, the material was already set without finishing the construction, and the workability was remarkably affected.
The result of the "permeation resistance pressure" test in the standard is shown in table three, wherein the permeation resistance pressure of the coating test piece is measured when the coating thickness is not more than 5 mm. The anti-permeability strength of the adopted anti-permeability test block is 0.2MPa before coating the coating material.
Table three units: MPa of
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the standard, the water permeation resistance pressure of the coating test piece is obviously higher than the standard requirement. By comparing example 3 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that the sulphate aluminium cement has a better impermeability than ordinary portland cement. In the anti-permeability test, the secondary anti-permeability pressure of the comparative example 2 is compared with other examples and comparative examples, and the secondary anti-permeability pressure of the comparative example is shown, in the material added with the sodium silicate powder, when water penetrates through the material coating, the residual sodium silicate in the coating can react with calcium and magnesium ions carried in the water to generate gel to block a water passage, so that the secondary anti-permeability pressure is higher, when the sodium silicate is absent, the gel cannot be generated through reaction when the water passes through the coating to block the water passage, and the secondary anti-permeability pressure of the comparative example 2 is small on the contrary, so that the sodium silicate in the material can be proved to play the main role of self-healing and self-repairing of the material. Comparative example 5 was observed, and the permeation resistance strength at the time of the secondary permeation resistance strength of less than 28d was reduced because the amount of sodium silicate added was too small, and the small amount of sodium silicate remaining in the coating, although it could continue to react, was insufficient to fill the passage or had no sodium silicate remained. In the comparative example 6, a large amount of sodium silicate remained in the coating can continue to react to generate insoluble substances to fill the formed passage, so that the secondary impermeability strength of the coating is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the condition that the coating is not peeled off from the test block even when the highest water pressure reaches 1.4MPa in the test process can prove that the material has excellent adhesive property.
In the standard, "compressive strength" is tested by using a mortar compressive test block with the specification of 70.7mm, the loading speed is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 kN/s, and the detection result is shown in the fourth table.
Table four units: MPa of
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the standard, the compressive strength of the invention conforms to the standard for the cubic mortar test block, and the 28d compressive strength is obviously greater than the standard. Whereas the 7d compressive strength of comparative example 1 using Portland cement is significantly lower than the other groups, it can be seen that the sulphoaluminate cement works faster than Portland cement. Observing comparative examples 2, 5, 6 and example 3, the early compressive strength of the material increased with the increase of the added amount of sodium silicate, and it can be seen that sodium silicate has a great influence on the early strength of the material, and the obvious early strength effect of sodium silicate is reflected.
The results of the "bond strength" test in this standard are shown in table five.
Table five units: MPa of
As can be seen from the table above, compared with the standard, for the cubic mortar test block, the bonding strength of the invention is obviously higher than the standard requirement, and the cubic mortar test block has excellent bonding strength and is not easy to peel off. Wherein, the sodium silicate powder is not added in the comparative example 2, the sodium silicate can be dissolved in water and can permeate into the inner pores of the concrete to react to generate gel crystals, and the generated gel is connected with the coating, so that the coating is bonded with the concrete body more tightly, and the embodiment and the comparative example which are added with the sodium silicate have higher bonding strength compared with the comparative example 2.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment examples, and any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims should be construed as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing is characterized by comprising a powder material and a liquid material, wherein the powder material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-22 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 8-12 parts of mineral powder, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 40-48 parts of quartz sand, 4-6 parts of sodium silicate, 0.5-1 part of a waterproof agent, 4-8 parts of silica fume, 4-6 parts of rubber powder, 0.25-0.4 part of an early strength agent and 0.3-0.8 part of magnesium fluosilicate; the liquid material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-26 parts of polymer emulsion, 0.1-0.2 part of defoaming agent, 0.05-0.15 part of dispersing agent, 0.05-0.1 part of multifunctional additive, 0.06-0.12 part of preservative, 0.08-0.14 part of anti-freezing agent and 20-26 parts of water.
2. A self-healing back water-proofing material capable of stopping open water according to claim 1, wherein the sulphoaluminate cement is a cement composed of anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate and dicalcium silicate as main minerals.
3. The back water-proof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing according to claim 1, wherein the mineral powder is ultrafine slag micropowder, the silica fume is ultrafine silica powder, the rubber powder is water-soluble re-dispersible acrylic latex powder, and the magnesium fluosilicate is magnesium hexafluorosilicate powder.
4. The self-healing back water-proof material capable of stopping open water according to claim 1, wherein the early strength agent is at least one of calcium chloride or calcium formate, and the water-proof agent is at least one of sodium stearate, calcium stearate and ammonium stearate.
5. The self-healing back water repellent material capable of stopping open water according to claim 1, wherein the polymer emulsion is an acrylate copolymer emulsion.
6. The self-healing back water-proof material capable of stopping clear water according to claim 1, wherein the defoaming agent is dimethicone, the dispersant is stearamide, and the multifunctional additive is AMP-95 multifunctional additive.
7. The self-healing back water-proof material capable of stopping open water according to claim 1, wherein the anti-freezing agent is propylene glycol, and the preservative is a C15 bactericidal preservative.
8. A method for preparing the back water surface waterproof material capable of stopping open water and self-healing according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula ratio, adding sulphoaluminate cement into a powder stirrer, then fully and uniformly stirring the mixed powder by using mineral powder, fly ash, quartz sand, sodium silicate, a waterproof agent, silica fume, rubber powder, an early strength agent and magnesium fluosilicate in sequence, and finally filtering to prepare the powder of the waterproof material on the back water surface;
(2) weighing the components according to the formula ratio, sequentially adding water, a defoaming agent, a dispersing agent, a multifunctional auxiliary agent, an anti-freezing agent and a preservative into a reaction kettle, finally adding a polymer emulsion, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, and finally filtering the solution to obtain the liquid material of the waterproof material on the back surface.
9. Use of the self-healing open water-stopping back water repellent material according to claim 1 in a wet or permeable building base.
10. The application according to claim 9, wherein the specific using method of the application comprises the following steps:
firstly, preprocessing an applied concrete base surface, wherein the preprocessing comprises the following specific steps: removing oil stains, accumulated water or other impurities on a concrete construction base surface, and then mixing powder and liquid materials in a proportion of 3-4: 1, applying the waterproof material on the back surface to a concrete base surface to be constructed by adopting a brushing construction mode, and repeatedly brushing for 2-3 times.
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| CN112321324B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-07-30 | 北京易晟元环保工程有限公司 | Bi-component material for repairing high-strength concrete micro cracks and use method |
| CN112723826B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-20 | 北京圣洁防水材料有限公司 | Cement-based capillary crystalline waterproof coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113956016A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-01-21 | 朱耀台 | Nano-permeation crystallization self-healing inorganic waterproof material on back water surface and preparation method thereof |
| CN114459980A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-10 | 中铁十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Sealing material for pavement water seepage test and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574015B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-06-27 | 北京易晟元环保工程有限公司 | Antibacterial algae-attached coating for concrete |
| CN115180906A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-14 | 江西春木建筑防水工程有限公司 | Special back water pressure repairing coating with double waterproof effects for basement |
| CN116283118B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-09-17 | 武汉工程大学 | Pavement base material based on organic-inorganic cementing material synergistic stabilization phosphogypsum and recycled aggregate and preparation method thereof |
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