CN111825211A - Integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device - Google Patents
Integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111825211A CN111825211A CN202010815553.8A CN202010815553A CN111825211A CN 111825211 A CN111825211 A CN 111825211A CN 202010815553 A CN202010815553 A CN 202010815553A CN 111825211 A CN111825211 A CN 111825211A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, which comprises an integrated four-stage tank body, namely a first-stage anaerobic tank, a second-stage anaerobic tank, a third-stage facultative tank and a four-stage artificial wetland tank. The device comprises a primary anaerobic tank, a secondary anaerobic tank and a tertiary facultative tank, and an anaerobic-anoxic tertiary septic tank structure is constructed, so that domestic sewage can be fully fermented; through setting up the open four-stage artificial wetland pond in top, its inside can be equipped with the dirty plant of the wetland emergent water that can palingenetic adsorption substrate and plant, can promote out water quality of water. The whole device is low in cost, convenient to transport, simple and practical, and is very suitable for rural single-family sewage treatment, and the field construction period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rural domestic sewage treatment, in particular to an integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device.
Background
Domestic sewage in rural areas of China is mainly treated by a single household, and a single septic tank is widely adopted to purify the domestic sewage. To is coming toThe device is suitable for rural environments and conditions, and most of domestic sewage purification systems adopted at present are three-stage septic tank devices with simple structures and low cost. The device produces NH by anaerobic digestion of N-containing organic matter under anaerobic and anoxic conditions3And the peculiar smell is directly discharged, so that the comfort level of the living environment is influenced. In addition, the effluent has high organic matter concentration and serious black and odor problem, the direct discharge can cause the pollution of receiving water, and mosquito breeding can affect the living environment in rural areas.
On the other hand, a sewage treatment system with high effluent quality usually comprises a plurality of modules, needs site construction, has high cost, complex structure and long construction period, and is not suitable for rural areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the effluent in the conventional single-family sewage treatment device in the prior art has high organic matter concentration to cause black odor, and provides an integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device which can improve the effluent quality and has low cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device comprises an integrated four-stage tank body, namely a first-stage anaerobic tank, a second-stage anaerobic tank, a third-stage facultative tank and a fourth-stage artificial wetland tank, wherein the top of the fourth-stage artificial wetland tank is open, and a reproducible adsorption matrix and planted wetland emergent water stain-resistant plants are arranged in the four-stage artificial wetland tank.
In the integrated single household sewage purification device, the adsorption matrix can be ceramsite, zeolite or limestone.
In the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, the emergent water and stain-resistant plant can be acorus calamus, thaliana officinalis or canna.
In the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, the adsorption substrate is ceramsite, and the emergent water and stain-resistant plant is Thalia dealbata.
The integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein a primary anaerobic tank, a secondary anaerobic tank, a tertiary facultative tank and a quaternary artificial wetland tank are sequentially arranged in the shell in a dividing manner; the one-level anaerobism pond is equipped with the water inlet, cross excrement pipe UNICOM through the one-level between one-level anaerobism pond and the second grade anaerobism pond, excrement pipe intercommunication is crossed through the second grade to second grade anaerobism pond and tertiary facultative anaerobic pond, tertiary facultative anaerobic pond and the artifical wetland pond of level four are through going out water communicating pipe intercommunication, the artifical wetland pond of level four is equipped with the delivery port.
In the integrated single-household domestic sewage purification device, the four-stage artificial wetland pool is divided into two parts by the vertical partition plate: the water purifying part is communicated with the bottom of the water storage part; the adsorption substrate and the emergent water stain-resistant plants are arranged at the water purification part, the three-stage facultative tank is communicated with the water purification part through the water outlet communicating pipe, and the water outlet is arranged at the water purification part.
In the integrated single household sewage purification device, the height between the bottom of the primary manure passing pipe inlet and the bottom of the primary anaerobic tank is 1/2-3/5 of the height of the inner cavity of the primary anaerobic tank.
In the integrated single household sewage purification device, the height from the bottom of the secondary manure passing pipe to the bottom of the secondary anaerobic tank is 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner cavity of the secondary anaerobic tank.
In the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, the top of the third-stage facultative tank is provided with a water distribution pipe, the water distribution pipe is integrally arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the second-stage fecal sewage treatment pipe, and the wall of the water distribution pipe is provided with a horizontal through hole vertical to the axis of the water distribution pipe.
In the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, the top of the third-stage facultative tank is provided with the air-pulling pipe, the bottom end of the air-pulling pipe is arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the second-stage fecal sewage treatment pipe, and the top end of the air-pulling pipe penetrates through the wall of the third-stage facultative tank and extends to the outside of the third-stage facultative tank.
The three-stage septic tank device has the following beneficial effects: the device comprises a primary anaerobic tank, a secondary anaerobic tank and a tertiary facultative tank, and an anaerobic-anoxic tertiary septic tank structure is constructed, so that domestic sewage can be fully fermented; through setting up the artifical wetland pond of open level four in top to plant the resistant dirty plant of standing out water on the spot in the pond, can improve out water quality of water, can further strengthen whole device to the purifying effect of organic matter in the sewage, low cost through setting up palingenetic adsorption matrix in the pond simultaneously. Through setting up level four cell body integration into a whole, not only convenient transportation has reduced site operation cycle simultaneously, and simple and practical is applicable to very much rural single household sewage treatment.
Furthermore, the three-stage septic tank device comprises three-stage tank bodies, namely a first-stage anaerobic tank, a second-stage anaerobic tank and a third-stage facultative tank, wherein the three-stage tank bodies are communicated through the excrement passing pipe, and the first-stage anaerobic tank and the second-stage anaerobic tank are communicated through the excrement passing pipe. The problem of blocking and anaerobic digestion time are comprehensively considered, the height between the bottom of the first-stage excrement passing pipe inlet and the bottom of the first-stage anaerobic tank is set to be 1/2-3/5 of the height of the inner cavity of the first-stage anaerobic tank, the distance from the bottom of the first-stage excrement passing pipe to the bottom of the septic tank is increased, the problem of blocking can be relieved, excrement residues of the second-stage anaerobic tank are reduced, and then the pollution load of subsequent units is reduced. Thus, the anaerobic digestion time is ensured, and the smooth flowing of the system is ensured.
Furthermore, the second-stage anaerobic tank and the third-stage facultative tank are communicated through the second-stage manure passing pipe, and the height from the bottom of the inlet of the second-stage manure passing pipe to the bottom of the second-stage anaerobic tank is 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner cavity of the second-stage anaerobic tank. Under the condition that water flow and anaerobic operation are not changed, the flowability and uniformity of waste water in the secondary anaerobic tank are improved by reducing the height of the bottom of the secondary manure passing pipe, and the influence on the stable operation of the whole system caused by the accumulation of pollutants at the bottom of the secondary anaerobic tank is avoided.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a three-stage septic tank apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device of the present invention comprises an integrated four-stage tank body, which is a first-stage anaerobic tank 11, a second-stage anaerobic tank 12, a third-stage facultative tank 13 and a four-stage artificial wetland tank 14, wherein the top of the four-stage artificial wetland tank 14 is open, and a renewable absorption substrate 41 and planted wetland emergent water and pollution resistant plants 42 are arranged in the four-stage artificial wetland tank.
In the preferred embodiment of the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device, the preferred setting device comprises a cylindrical shell 10, and the shell 10 is internally provided with the primary anaerobic tank 11, the secondary anaerobic tank 12, the tertiary facultative tank 13 and the quaternary artificial wetland tank 14 in a sequentially divided manner. Wherein one-level anaerobism pond 11 is equipped with the water inlet 11a of leading-in domestic sewage, crosses excrement pipe 21 UNICOM through the one-level between one-level anaerobism pond 11 and the second grade anaerobism pond 12, and excrement pipe 22 intercommunication is crossed through the second grade to second grade anaerobism pond 12 and tertiary facultative anaerobic pond 13, and tertiary facultative anaerobic pond 13 and level four artifical wetland pond 14 are through going out water communicating pipe 23 intercommunication, and level four artifical wetland pond 14 is equipped with delivery port 14 b. The specific volume and size of the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device can be determined according to the to-be-treated amount of single-family domestic sewage.
In the preferred embodiment of the integrated single household sewage purification device, the height H1 between the bottom of the inlet of the primary manure passing pipe and the bottom of the primary anaerobic tank is set to be 1/2 to 3/5 of the height H1 of the inner cavity of the primary anaerobic tank, and the height between the bottom of the inlet of the primary manure passing pipe and the bottom of the primary anaerobic tank is preferably set to be 1/2 of the height of the inner cavity of the primary anaerobic tank; thereby reducing the excrement residue in the secondary anaerobic tank 12 and greatly reducing the pollution load of the subsequent units.
The height H2 between the bottom of the inlet of the secondary manure passing pipe 22 and the bottom of the secondary anaerobic tank can be set to be 1/5 to 1/3 of the height H2 of the inner cavity of the secondary anaerobic tank, and the height between the bottom of the inlet of the secondary manure passing pipe 22 and the bottom of the secondary anaerobic tank is preferably set to be 1/3 of the height of the inner cavity of the secondary anaerobic tank; thereby prolonging the time of anaerobic digestion.
In the preferred embodiment of the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device of the present invention, the four-stage artificial wetland tank 14 can be divided into two parts by the vertical partition plate 45: a water purification part 43 and a water storage part 44, wherein the water purification part 43 is communicated with the bottom of the water storage part 44, the adsorption matrix 41 and the emergent water pollution-resistant plant 42 are arranged in the water purification part 43, the tertiary facultative tank 13 is communicated with the water purification part 43 through the water outlet communicating pipe 23, and the water outlet 14b is arranged on the side wall of the water storage part 44.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water inlet pipe 11a can be arranged in the first-stage anaerobic tank 11, and a water outlet pipe 14b can be arranged in the fourth-stage artificial wetland tank 14. The water head height difference between the four-stage tank bodies can be set to be 10cm, and unpowered operation is implemented. Specifically, the outlet of the first-stage fecal filter 21 in the first-stage anaerobic tank is 10cm higher than the outlet of the second-stage fecal filter 21 in the second-stage anaerobic tank, the outlet of the first-stage fecal filter 21 in the second-stage anaerobic tank is 10cm higher than the outlet of the second-stage fecal filter 22 in the third-stage facultative tank, the outlet of the second-stage fecal filter 22 in the third-stage facultative tank is 10cm higher than the outlet of the fourth-stage constructed wetland pond effluent communicating pipe 23, and the outlet of the fourth-stage constructed wetland pond effluent communicating pipe 23 is 10cm higher than the outlet of the fourth-stage constructed wetland pond effluent pipe.
Preferably, a water distribution pipe 31 is arranged at the top of the third-stage facultative tank 13, and the water distribution pipe is integrally arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the second-stage feces passing pipe 22. Specifically, the wall of the water distribution pipe is provided with a horizontal through hole 31b perpendicular to the axis of the water distribution pipe. The number of the horizontal through holes is at least 3, and the aperture size of the horizontal through holes is sequentially increased along the flowing direction of liquid in the water pipe.
Preferably, the top of the third-stage facultative tank 13 is provided with an air-pulling pipe 32, the bottom end of the air-pulling pipe is arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the second-stage feces passing pipe 22, and the top end of the air-pulling pipe passes through the tank wall of the third-stage facultative tank 13 and extends to the outside. The number of the air draft pipes can be set to be 1 to 5. Preferably, a pair of parallel air draft holes 32a are formed on the pipe wall of each air draft pipe positioned outside the three-stage facultative tank 13, and the axes of the air draft holes are preferably set to be horizontal. In the above embodiment, at least 3 air pulling pipes are preferably arranged, and the axes of the air pulling holes arranged on two adjacent air pulling pipes are arranged in a mutually crossed manner, so that the directions of the air pulling holes on two adjacent air pulling pipes are staggered, and the ventilation effect is improved.
The bottom of the three-stage facultative tank 13 is preferably filled with fiber combined filler 33, so as to be beneficial to biofilm culturing treatment, and the filling height of the fiber combined filler is preferably not more than that of a water outlet pipe. The filling material is preferably plastic fiber strips which are fixed in the three-stage facultative tank 13 through grids, and each fiber strip bundles the fibers into bundles by steel wires and takes the shape of snowflake. Preferably, a cleaning port 34 is arranged at the top of the three-stage tank body, so that sediments can be cleaned conveniently and regularly.
In the preferred embodiment of the integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device of the present invention, it is preferable to place the adsorption substrate 41 and the emergent pollution-resistant plant 42 in the four-stage artificial wetland tank 14, wherein the adsorption substrate 41 can be ceramsite, zeolite or limestone, and the emergent pollution-resistant plant 42 can be Iris pseudacorus, Reynaud flower or canna. Preferably, the combination of ceramsite and revolant flower is selected in the four-stage artificial wetland tank 14. The effect of placing the absorbent substrate 41 and emergent water and stain resistant plants 42 in the device is demonstrated experimentally as follows:
(1) experimental apparatus setup
Experiment nine groups of combinations of the adsorption substrates 41 and the emergent water pollution-resistant plants 42 are arranged in the four-stage artificial wetland pool of the device: yellow flag, ceramsite, Ardisia lappa Hemsl, ceramsite, canna, ceramsite, yellow flag, zeolite, canna, zeolite, yellow flag, limestone, Ardisia lappa Hemsl, limestone and canna, wherein the total of 48 yellow flag plants have an average plant height of (21.12 +/-1.36) cm, a planting density of 16 clusters per square meter and 36 second-row flowers, an average plant height of (23.24 +/-3.19) cm, a planting density of 12 clusters per square meter and 48 canna plants, an average plant height of (22.33 +/-4.15) cm and a planting density of 6 clusters per square meter, the average fresh weights of the plants are 150.33g, 180.53g and 143.4g respectively, and PVC pipes with the diameter of 10cm are adopted for water inlet;
(2) the experimental method comprises the following steps:
simulating the water outlet configuration of a three-stage facultative anaerobic pool by water inflow, wherein the hydraulic retention time is two days, water samples are measured every two weeks, the monitoring is continuously carried out for one year, and the detected water quality comprises CODcr, TN, TP and NH3N and SS, the results of which are analyzed by a membership function method, and the quality of the inlet water is as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 quality of inlet water for constructed wetland
(3) And (3) data analysis:
the pollution removal rate of the sewage adopts R = (C)0－Ci)/C0X 100% calculation, C0And CiRespectively expressing the concentrations of pollutants in the inlet water and the outlet water, and applying a membership function method (namely converting the average numerical value of each index into a membership function value, and taking the average value of the membership degree of each index as a comprehensive identification standard of sewage purification capacity) formula: (Xi-Xmin)/(Xmax-Xmin) the system decontamination effect was analyzed.
(4) The experimental results are as follows:
table 2 contaminant removal rates for each of the adsorbent substrate and emergent water stain resistant plant combinations:
TABLE 3 pollutant effluent concentrations for various combinations of adsorption substrates and emergent Water fouling resistant plants
(5) Conclusion of the experiment
As can be seen from the above, different adsorption substrates 41 and different emergent water pollution-resistant plants 42 are arranged in the four-stage artificial wetland pool 14, wherein the emergent water pollution-resistant plants 42 increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the wetland and strengthen the degradation path of aerobic microorganisms; the adsorption path is strengthened by the porous adsorption substrate, the water outlet transparency is improved by the secondary interception substrate, the combination of the adsorption substrate 41 and the emergent water stain-resistant plant 42 has an obvious stain removing effect, and the effluent is discharged up to the standard finally.
Considering that although the membership function value of the zeolite and canna system is slightly larger than that of the ceramsite and the ReLihua system, the annual average removal rate of TP is negative, phosphorus saturation release is easy to occur, and the effluent water is not easy to reach the standard; therefore, in the most preferred embodiment, the combination of ceramsite and ReLihua is selected, which is suitable for CODcr, TN, TP and NH3-N, SS ofThe removal is very high, the decontamination capability is stronger, and the system operation is more durable.
In the integrated rural single-family domestic sewage purification device, compared with the traditional three-stage septic tank device, the sedimentation and filtration effects of the first-stage anaerobic tank and the hydrolysis and digestion effects of the second-stage anaerobic tank are enhanced by improving the height of the excrement passing pipe; the air draft pipe arranged in the third-stage facultative tank enriches oxygen, so that malodorous gas generated in the anaerobic effect process of the second-stage anaerobic tank is reduced; by arranging the fiber combined filler, the reproduction of facultative and anaerobic bacteria is promoted, and the efficiency of degrading sewage and organic matters by microorganisms is enhanced; the four-stage artificial wetland is provided with drop water, emergent water and stain-resistant plants and other measures to improve the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the wetland, strengthen the degradation path of aerobic microorganisms, strengthen the adsorption path through porous adsorptive matrixes and improve the transparency of effluent water through secondary interception matrixes, and finally realize the standard-reaching discharge of the effluent water. The integrated rural single-family domestic sewage purification device fully plays roles of microorganism aerobic oxidation, anaerobic digestion, physical adsorption interception and the like in sewage treatment; the device has high sewage purification efficiency and simple operation.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device is characterized by comprising four stages of integrally arranged tank bodies, namely a first-stage anaerobic tank, a second-stage anaerobic tank, a third-stage facultative tank and a fourth-stage artificial wetland tank, wherein the top of the fourth-stage artificial wetland tank is open, and a reproducible adsorption matrix and planted wetland emergent water and stain-resistant plants are arranged in the four-stage artificial wetland tank.
2. The integrated single household sewage purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the adsorption matrix is ceramsite, zeolite or limestone.
3. The integrated single-family domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said emergent aquatic fouling resistant plant can be Acorus calamus, Thalia schrenki or canna.
4. The integrated single household sewage purification device of claim 3, wherein the adsorption substrate is ceramsite and the emergent water and stain resistant plant is Reli flower.
5. The integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a cylindrical shell, wherein the primary anaerobic tank, the secondary anaerobic tank, the tertiary facultative tank and the quaternary artificial wetland tank are sequentially arranged in the shell in a dividing manner; the one-level anaerobism pond is equipped with the water inlet, cross excrement pipe UNICOM through the one-level between one-level anaerobism pond and the second grade anaerobism pond, excrement pipe intercommunication is crossed through the second grade to second grade anaerobism pond and tertiary facultative anaerobic pond, tertiary facultative anaerobic pond and the artifical wetland pond of level four are through going out water communicating pipe intercommunication, the artifical wetland pond of level four is equipped with the delivery port.
6. The integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device according to claim 5, wherein said four-stage artificial wetland tank is divided into two parts by a vertical partition: the water purifying part is communicated with the bottom of the water storage part; the adsorption substrate and the emergent water stain-resistant plants are arranged at the water purification part, the three-stage facultative tank is communicated with the water purification part through the water outlet communicating pipe, and the water outlet is arranged at the water purification part.
7. The integrated single household sewage purification device of claim 6, wherein the height from the bottom of the primary manure passing pipe inlet to the bottom of the primary anaerobic tank is 1/2-3/5 of the height of the inner cavity of the primary anaerobic tank.
8. The integrated single household sewage purification device of claim 6, wherein the height from the bottom of the secondary manure passing pipe inlet to the bottom of the secondary anaerobic tank is 1/5-1/3 of the height of the inner cavity of the secondary anaerobic tank.
9. The integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device according to claim 6, wherein a water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the third-stage facultative tank, the water distribution pipe is integrally arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the second-stage fecal sewage treatment pipe, and a horizontal through hole perpendicular to the axis of the water distribution pipe is arranged on the wall of the water distribution pipe.
10. The integrated single household sewage purification device according to claim 6, wherein a draft tube is arranged at the top of the tertiary facultative tank, the bottom end of the draft tube is arranged at the tail end of the outlet end of the secondary feces passing tube, and the top end of the draft tube passes through the wall of the tertiary facultative tank and extends to the outside of the tertiary facultative tank.
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| CN202010815553.8A CN111825211A (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2020-08-14 | Integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device |
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| CN202010815553.8A CN111825211A (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2020-08-14 | Integrated single-family domestic sewage purification device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117658376A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-08 | 无锡百诺可科技有限公司 | Low maintenance self-oxygenating filter device |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117658376A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-08 | 无锡百诺可科技有限公司 | Low maintenance self-oxygenating filter device |
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