CN111824328B - Method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water - Google Patents
Method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water Download PDFInfo
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- CN111824328B CN111824328B CN202010719570.1A CN202010719570A CN111824328B CN 111824328 B CN111824328 B CN 111824328B CN 202010719570 A CN202010719570 A CN 202010719570A CN 111824328 B CN111824328 B CN 111824328B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
- B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing ship ballast water from overflowing, which comprises a ship ballast water system, wherein the ship ballast water system comprises a plurality of ballast tanks, water injection equipment and drainage equipment, the ballast tanks are all connected with the water injection equipment, the water injection equipment can inject seawater outside a ship into the ballast tanks, the drainage equipment is arranged between the ballast tanks and the water injection equipment, and the seawater in the water injection equipment can be discharged outside the ship through the drainage equipment; setting a maximum water level value and an adjusting water level value for the ballast tank, and reducing the water injection speed when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the adjusting water level value; when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the maximum water level value, the seawater in the water injection equipment is discharged to the outside through the drainage equipment; and finally, detecting the water injection condition and the actual draft value of the ballast tank. By setting two water level values for the ballast tank, the water injection speed is adjusted and the water injection is stopped when the actual water level reaches the corresponding water level value during water injection, so that the phenomenon that the overflow occurs due to untimely closing of the water injection is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water.
Background
In the ship industry, particularly for passenger rolling ships, in order to ensure that the ships have draft capable of ensuring safe navigation and meet the requirement of ship floating state regulation under various loading working conditions, a certain number of ballast tanks need to be arranged, so that the draft and the floating state of the ships under various loading working conditions can be controlled by adjusting the water amount in the ballast tanks. When carrying out the water injection to the ballast tank, the condition that does not in time close the ballast tank valve can appear to overflow through the permeability cell after making the ballast water fill the ballast tank, cause permeability cell department ponding, cause the influence even to the normal navigation of boats and ships. Meanwhile, in order to improve the water injection efficiency, the water injection speed of the ballast tank is high, and after the water level detector in the ballast tank feeds back the water level, the corresponding water inlet valve is closed, so that a large amount of ballast water is injected in the process, and the danger of excessive injection is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water, which can prevent overflow when a ballast tank is filled with water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for preventing the overflow of the ship ballast water comprises a ship ballast water system, wherein the ship ballast water system comprises a plurality of ballast tanks, water injection equipment and drainage equipment, the ballast tanks are all connected with the water injection equipment, the water injection equipment can inject the seawater outside a ship into the ballast tanks, the drainage equipment is arranged between the ballast tanks and the water injection equipment, and the seawater in the water injection equipment can be discharged outside the ship through the drainage equipment;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, setting at least two water level values for the ballast tank, wherein one water level value is the maximum water level value H1, the other water level value is the regulated water level value H2, and H1 is more than H2;
s2, the water injection equipment injects water into the ballast tank, and when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the adjusted water level value H2, the water injection equipment reduces the water injection speed;
s3, when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the maximum water level value H1, stopping filling water into the ballast tank by the water filling equipment, and discharging the seawater in the water filling equipment to the outside of the ship through the water discharging equipment;
s4, detecting whether the ballast compartments need to be filled with water, closing the drainage equipment when the ballast compartments need to be filled with water, and repeating the step S2;
s5, detecting the actual draft value of the ship, and closing the water injection equipment when the actual draft value reaches a set value; and when the actual draft value is lower than the set value, communicating the corresponding ballast tank with the water injection device, and repeating the step S2.
Further, the maximum water level value H1 is smaller than the maximum water level value of the seawater that the ballast tank can contain.
Further, water injection equipment include the water injection pipeline with set up in ballast water pump on the water injection pipeline, a plurality of the ballast tank all with the one end of water injection pipeline is connected, the other end of water injection pipeline is provided with the undersea door, the ballast water pump is located the ballast tank with between the undersea door, drainage equipment includes water drainage pipeline, water drainage pipeline's one end connect in the ballast tank with between the ballast water pump, water drainage pipeline's the other end is provided with the outboard door.
Further, the water injection equipment further comprises a ballast water treatment device and a coarse seawater filter, the ballast water treatment device is arranged between the ballast water pump and the ballast tank, the coarse seawater filter is arranged between the ballast water pump and the sea chest, and the coarse seawater filter and the ballast water treatment device are used for respectively purifying the seawater and injecting the purified seawater into the ballast tank.
Further, ship ballast water system still includes the bypass pipeline, the one end of bypass pipeline connect in drainage pipe with between the ballast tank, the other end of bypass pipeline connect in ballast water pump with between the seabed door, ballast water pump can drive the sea water loop through the bypass pipeline with drainage pipe row extremely the outside of boats and ships.
Further, in step S1, a plurality of regulated water level values H2 are set in the ballast tank, the plurality of regulated water level values H2 are sequentially increased, each regulated water level value H2 corresponds to one water injection rate S, and the plurality of water injection rates S are sequentially decreased.
Further, in step S2, the ship ballast water system still includes the controller, every in the ballast tank every it is provided with liquid level telemetering probe to adjust water level value H2 department correspondence, water injection equipment with be provided with the governing valve between the ballast tank, liquid level telemetering probe with the governing valve all with the controller is connected, works as the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches corresponding when adjusting water level value H2, the controller makes through controlling the governing valve water injection equipment with corresponding water injection speed S carries out the water injection.
Further, in step S2, the control valve is set to have a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of water injection rates S, and the control valve is set to have a plurality of openings such that the water injection device injects water at the corresponding water injection rates S during water injection.
Further, in step S3, a liquid level remote measuring probe is correspondingly disposed at the maximum water level value H1 in the ballast tank, an isolation valve is disposed between the water injection device and the ballast tank, the liquid level remote measuring probe and the isolation valve are connected to the controller, and when the actual water level reaches the maximum water level value H1, the controller closes the isolation valve to stop water injection into the ballast tank.
Further, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s41, each ballast tank is provided with an isolation valve, and the on-off state of each isolation valve is detected;
s42, detecting the actual water level value of each ballast tank;
and S43, when the isolation valve is in the open state and the actual water level value is lower than the regulated water level value H2, closing the drainage equipment, and filling water into the corresponding ballast tank by the water filling equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for preventing the overflow of the ship ballast water, at least two water level values are set for the ballast tank, and the water injection speed is adjusted and the water injection is stopped when the actual water level reaches the corresponding water level value during the water injection, so that the problem that the seawater is excessively injected into the ballast tank due to untimely closing of the isolating valve, and further the seawater overflows through the vent pipe is solved. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the drainage device, the temporary blocking of connection between the water injection device and the ballast tanks is achieved, so that the plurality of ballast tanks are correspondingly detected and the water injection requirements of the ballast tanks are judged, and finally, the ship is guaranteed to reach the corresponding draft value, and the navigation requirement is guaranteed. The method has the characteristics of preventing overflow during water injection of the ballast tank and ensuring the quality of water injection operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a ship ballast water system of an embodiment.
In the figure:
1. a first ballast tank; 10. a gas permeable pipe; 11. a first isolation valve; 2. a second ballast tank; 21. a second isolation valve; 3. water injection equipment; 30. a water injection pipeline; 31. a subsea door; 32. a ballast water pump; 33. a third isolation valve; 34. a coarse seawater filter; 35. a filtration device; 36. an inactivation device; 37. a fourth isolation valve; 4. a drainage facility; 40. a drain line; 41. an outboard door; 5. a bypass conduit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water according to the present invention comprises a ship ballast water system including a plurality of ballast tanks, a water injection device 3 and a water discharge device 4, wherein the plurality of ballast tanks are all connected to the water injection device 3, the water injection device 3 is capable of injecting seawater outside the ship into the ballast tanks, the water discharge device 4 is disposed between the ballast tanks and the water injection device 3, and the seawater inside the water injection device 3 is capable of being discharged outside the ship through the water discharge device 4;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, setting at least two water level values for the ballast tank, wherein one water level value is the maximum water level value H1, the other water level value is the regulated water level value H2, and H1 is more than H2;
s2, injecting water into the ballast tank by the water injection equipment 3, and reducing the water injection speed by the water injection equipment 3 when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the regulated water level value H2;
s3, when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the maximum water level value H1, stopping filling water into the ballast tank by the water filling equipment 3, and discharging the seawater in the water filling equipment 3 to the outside of the ship through the drainage equipment 4;
s4, detecting whether the ballast tanks need to be filled with water or not, closing the drainage device 4 when the ballast tanks need to be filled with water, and repeating the step S2;
s5, detecting the actual draught value of the ship, and closing the water injection equipment 3 when the actual draught value reaches a set value; when the actual draft value is lower than the set value, the corresponding ballast tank and the water injection device 3 are communicated, and the step S2 is repeated.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the ship ballast water system includes a first ballast tank 1, a second ballast tank 2, a water injection device 3, and a water discharge device 4, wherein the first ballast tank 1 and the second ballast tank 2 are used for loading ballast water, so that the ship increases or decreases its own weight to reach a required draft, and normal navigation of the ship is ensured. In order to ensure the ballast tanks to smoothly enter water, each ballast tank is provided with a vent pipe 10. A liquid level telemetry probe is provided within each ballast tank for sensing the actual water level within each ballast tank. The water injection equipment 3 comprises a water injection pipeline 30, a ballast water pump 32 and a sea chest 31 which are arranged on the water injection pipeline 30, the two ballast tanks are arranged at the first end of the water injection pipeline 30, the sea chest 31 is arranged at the second end of the water injection pipeline 30, the sea chest 31 is used for communicating the seawater outside the ship, the ballast water pump 32 is a power source, and the ballast water pump 32 is used for driving the seawater to flow to the ballast tanks through the sea chest 31. The first ballast tank 1 is provided with a first isolation valve 11 and a first regulating valve, the first isolation valve 11 is used for communicating and blocking the first ballast tank 1 and the water injection pipeline 30, and the first regulating valve is used for regulating the water injection speed of the water injection pipeline 30 to the first ballast tank 1; the second ballast tank 2 is provided with a second isolation valve 21 and a second regulating valve, the second isolation valve 21 is used for communicating and blocking the second ballast tank 2 and the water injection pipeline 30, and the second regulating valve is used for regulating the water injection speed of the water injection pipeline 30 to the second ballast tank 2. The drain apparatus 4 includes a drain line 40 and an outboard door 41 provided on the drain line 40, the outboard door 41 being provided on the board side of the ship, the outboard door 41 being installed at one end of the drain line 40, the other end of the drain line 40 being connected with the water filling line 30, and the drain line 40 being located between the ballast tank and the ballast water pump 32. The drain number line 40 is also provided with a drain isolation valve and a drain check valve. When the isolation valves of the ballast tanks are closed, the seawater in the fill lines 30 can be discharged through the outboard door 41 by opening the drain isolation valves.
In order to avoid the overflow of the seawater through the vent pipe 10 when the water injection equipment 3 injects water into the ballast tank, the specific water injection method comprises the following steps: the first ballast tank 1 and the second ballast tank 2 are respectively set with a maximum level value H1 and an adjusted level value H2, H1 > H2. The water level value is used to represent the actual amount of water in the ballast tank, and in this embodiment, the water level value is equal to the actual amount of water/maximum volume of the ballast tank × 100%. Of course, in other embodiments, the water level value may be used to represent the water level within the ballast tank. Preferably, the maximum water level value H1 in the present embodiment is set to 98%, the regulated water level value H2 is set to 95%, and in other embodiments, the set water level value can be flexibly selected according to factors such as the volume of the ballast tank and the water injection speed, and the present application is not limited to the set value. When water is filled, the drainage isolation valve is closed, the ballast water pump 32 is started, the isolation valve corresponding to the ballast tank to be filled with water is opened, and seawater enters the ballast tank along the water filling pipeline 30. When the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the regulated water level value H2 as the water level in the ballast tank rises, that is, when the water level in the ballast tank reaches 95% of the volume of the ballast tank, the opening degree of the regulating valve is regulated to decrease the water filling rate. When the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the maximum water level value H1, i.e., the water amount in the ballast tank is 98% of the volume of the ballast tank, the corresponding isolation valve is closed, and the water filling pipeline 30 is blocked from filling the ballast tank. At the same time, the water discharge isolation valve is opened, so that the seawater in the water injection pipeline 30 is discharged through the outboard door 41. This way, the seawater can be prevented from being over-filled into the ballast tank due to untimely closing of the isolation valve, and further, the seawater can be prevented from overflowing through the ventilation pipe 10. And then, detecting whether other ballast tanks need to be filled with water or not, if the other ballast tanks need to be filled with water, closing the drainage isolation valve, and injecting the seawater in the water injection pipeline 30 into the corresponding ballast tanks. For example: when the actual water level of the first ballast tank 1 reaches the maximum water level value H1, the first isolation valve 11 is closed, the drain isolation valve is opened, and the seawater is discharged to the outside of the ship through the water filling line 30 and the drain line 30. At this time, it is detected whether the second ballast tank 2 needs to be filled with water, and if the second ballast tank 2 needs to be filled with water, the drain isolation valve is closed, and the seawater is injected into the second ballast tank 2 through the water injection pipeline 30. And if the second ballast tank 2 does not need to be filled with water, detecting the actual draft value of the ship, indicating that the water filling of the ballast tank is finished when the actual draft value reaches a set value, closing the ballast water pump 32, and finishing the water filling operation. When the actual draft value is lower than the set value, the water filling of the ballast tank is not finished, and the corresponding isolation valve can be opened to continue the water filling of the ballast tank. In the embodiment, at least two water level values are set for the ballast tank, and the water injection speed is adjusted and the water injection is stopped when the actual water level reaches the corresponding water level value during water injection, so that the problem that the seawater is excessively injected into the ballast tank due to untimely closing of the isolating valve and then overflows through the vent pipe 10 is avoided. Meanwhile, the drainage device 4 is arranged, so that the connection between the water injection device 3 and the ballast tanks is temporarily blocked, the plurality of ballast tanks are correspondingly detected, the water injection requirements of the ballast tanks are judged, the ship is finally ensured to reach the corresponding draft value, the navigation requirement is ensured, and the device has the characteristics of preventing the ballast tanks from overflowing during water injection and ensuring the water injection operation quality.
Specifically, water injection equipment 3 includes water injection pipeline 30 and sets up the ballast water pump 32 on water injection pipeline 30, and a plurality of ballast tank all is connected with water injection pipeline 30's one end, and water injection pipeline 30's the other end is provided with undersea door 31, and ballast water pump 32 is located between ballast tank and the undersea door 31, and water discharge equipment 4 includes drain line 40, and the one end of drain line 40 is connected between ballast tank and ballast water pump 32, and the other end of drain line 40 is provided with outboard door 41. In this embodiment, the plurality of ballast tanks are connected to the water injection pipeline 30 through parallel pipelines, a third isolation valve 33 is disposed at one end of the water injection pipeline 30 close to the parallel pipelines, and the drainage pipeline 40 is located between the third isolation valve 33 and the ballast water pump 32. When water is filled, the third isolation valve 33 is opened, the drainage isolation valve is closed, the ballast water pump 32 drives seawater to sequentially enter the parallel pipelines through the seabed door 31, the water filling pipeline 30 and the third isolation valve 33, and then water is filled into the corresponding ballast tank. When the water injection is interrupted, the third isolation valve 33 is closed, the water discharge isolation valve is opened, and the ballast water pump 32 drives the seawater to be discharged to the outside of the ship through the sea chest 31, the water injection pipeline 30, the water discharge pipeline 40 and the outboard door 41 in sequence. In this embodiment, by providing the drainage device 4, the connection between the water injection pipeline 30 and the ballast tank is temporarily interrupted, and frequent start and stop of the ballast water pump 32 are avoided.
Specifically, the water injection facility 3 further includes a ballast water treatment device and a coarse seawater filter 34, the ballast water treatment device is disposed between the ballast water pump 32 and the ballast tank, the coarse seawater filter 34 is disposed between the ballast water pump 32 and the sea chest 31, and the coarse seawater filter 34 and the ballast water treatment device perform purification treatment on seawater and inject the purified seawater into the ballast tank. In this embodiment, the coarse seawater filter 34 is used to clean up the large impurities in the seawater, so as to prevent the impurities from entering the ballast water pump 32 and causing blockage. The ballast water treatment device comprises a filtering device 35 and an inactivation device 36, wherein the filtering device 35 is used for filtering smaller impurities in the seawater, and the inactivation device 36 is used for inactivating marine organisms in the seawater. By arranging the ballast water treatment device and the coarse seawater filter 34, the cleanness of the seawater injected into the ballast tank is ensured, and the smooth operation of the ship ballast water system is ensured.
Specifically, this ship ballast water system still includes bypass pipeline 5, and the one end of bypass pipeline 5 is connected between drain line 40 and ballast tank, and the other end of bypass pipeline 5 is connected between ballast water pump 32 and seabed door 31, and ballast water pump 32 can drive the sea water and pass through bypass pipeline 5 and drain line 40 in proper order and discharge to the outside of ship. In this embodiment, one end of the bypass pipeline 5 is disposed between the parallel pipeline and the third isolation valve 33, the other end of the bypass pipeline 5 is disposed between the ballast water pump 32 and the subsea door 31, the bypass pipeline 5 is provided with a bypass isolation valve, a fourth isolation valve 37 is disposed between the subsea door 31 and the bypass pipeline 5, and the fourth isolation valve 37 is used for communicating and blocking seawater from entering the water injection pipeline 30 through the subsea door 31. When the ballast tanks are drained, the isolation valves corresponding to the ballast tanks are opened, the bypass isolation valve and the drainage isolation valve are opened, the third isolation valve 33 and the fourth isolation valve 37 are closed, and the ballast water pump 32 drives seawater to be sequentially drained to the outside of the ship along the ballast tanks, the parallel pipelines, the bypass pipeline 5, the water filling pipeline 30, the drainage pipeline 40 and the outboard door 41.
In one embodiment, in step S1, the ballast tank is set with a plurality of adjusted level values H2, the plurality of adjusted level values H2 are sequentially increased, each adjusted level value H2 corresponds to one water injection speed S, and the plurality of water injection speeds S are sequentially decreased. In this embodiment, a plurality of adjusting water level values H2 are set for each ballast tank, each adjusting water level value H2 corresponds to a water filling speed S, the adjusting water level values H2 are sequentially increased from a low water level position to a high water level position, and the water filling speeds S are sequentially decreased from the low water level position to the high water level position. Namely, when the actual water level in the ballast tank is lower, the water injection speed S is higher, which is beneficial to improving the water injection efficiency; when the actual water level in the ballast tank is higher, the water injection speed is lower, so that the reaction time of water level detection and valve closing is ensured, and overflow caused by untimely valve closing is avoided. For example: in this embodiment, each ballast tank is provided with three adjusting water level values H2 and a maximum water level value H1, where the three adjusting water level values are H21-85%, H22-90%, H23-95%, and the maximum water level value H1-98%. The water injection speed S corresponding to the water level adjusting value H21 and the water level adjusting value H23 is reduced in sequence. In this manner, the water injection speed S is reduced as the actual water level approaches the maximum water level value H1, thereby preventing overflow.
The filling rate S is the amount of seawater that the ballast tank fills per unit time.
Specifically, the maximum water level value H1 is less than the highest water level value of the seawater that the ballast tank can hold. It will be appreciated that the maximum level is the design volume of the ballast tank and that the maximum level H1 is the maximum actual fill level, i.e. the ballast tank is not full when filled. This way, the overflow of seawater through the ventilation tube 10 due to untimely valve closure can be avoided.
In an embodiment, in step S2, the ship ballast water system further includes a controller, a liquid level remote measurement probe is correspondingly disposed on each adjusting position value H2 in the ballast tank, an adjusting valve is disposed between the water injection device 3 and the ballast tank, the liquid level remote measurement probe and the adjusting valve are both connected to the controller, and when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the corresponding adjusting water level value H2, the controller controls the adjusting valve to enable the water injection device 3 to inject water at the corresponding water injection speed S. In this embodiment, the controller is used to control on/off control, data calculation, command transmission, and the like of the electrical equipment in the ballast water system. The liquid level telemetering probe is used for detecting the actual water level in the ballast tank and transmitting the detection data to the controller. The regulating valve is used for regulating the water injection speed S, and the water injection speed S is regulated by regulating the opening of the regulating valve. For example: the first ballast tank 1 is provided with two regulated level values H2, H21-90% and H22-95%, respectively. When the water filling is started, the opening degree of the regulating valve is 100%, and when the actual water level in the first ballast tank 1 reaches the regulating water level value H21, the controller controls the regulating valve and regulates the opening degree to 80% so as to reduce the water filling speed S; when the actual water level in the first ballast tank 1 reaches the regulated water level value H22, the controller controls the regulating valve and regulates the opening thereof to 50% to further reduce the water filling speed S. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the adjusting water level values H2, the specific value of the adjusting water level value H2, and the specific opening degree of the adjusting valve are all flexibly selected according to the actual design parameters of the equipment, and the present application is not limited specifically.
Specifically, in step S2, the control valve is set to a plurality of opening degrees corresponding to a plurality of water injection rates S, and the control valve is adjusted to control the water injection device 3 to inject water at the corresponding water injection rate S during water injection. In this embodiment, realize the regulation to water injection speed S through adjusting the aperture of regulating valve, when the actual water level value reached regulation water level value H2, carry actual water level value to the controller through liquid level telemetering measurement probe, the aperture of controller control governing valve makes its water injection speed S and this water injection speed phase-match that adjusts the water level value H2 and set for. Of course, in other embodiments, a plurality of adjustment lines may be provided, one end of which is connected to the ballast tank and the other end of which is connected to the filling line 30. The water injection speed S is adjusted by controlling the opening number of the adjusting pipelines.
Specifically, in step S3, a liquid level remote measuring probe is correspondingly disposed at the maximum water level value H1 in the ballast tank, an isolation valve is disposed between the water injection device 3 and the ballast tank, the liquid level remote measuring probe and the isolation valve are connected to the controller, and when the actual water level reaches the maximum water level value H1, the controller closes the isolation valve to stop water injection into the ballast tank. In the embodiment, the water level of the ballast tank is detected and the water injection pipeline is started and stopped by arranging the liquid level remote measuring probe and the isolating valve.
Specifically, in step S4, the specific steps of detecting whether the ballast tank needs to be filled with water are as follows:
s41, each ballast tank is provided with an isolation valve, and the on-off state of each isolation valve is detected;
s42, detecting the actual water level value of each ballast tank;
and S43, when the isolation valve is in the open state and the actual water level value is lower than the regulated water level value H2, closing the drainage device 4, and filling water into the corresponding ballast tank by the water filling device 3.
In this embodiment, the isolation valve is used for communicating and blocking the water filling pipeline 30 and the ballast tank, two conditions are provided for detecting whether the ballast tank needs to be filled with water, one is to detect the on-off state of the corresponding isolation valve of each ballast tank, the other is to detect the actual water level value of each ballast tank through the liquid level telemetering probe, and when the actual water level value is lower than the regulated water level value H2 and the isolation valve is in the on state, the ballast tank needs to be filled with water continuously. For example: the first ballast tank 1 is connected with a water filling pipeline 30 through a first isolation valve 11, the first ballast tank 1 is set with a maximum water level value H1a and a regulated water level value H2a, and a first liquid level telemetering probe for detecting an actual water level is arranged in the first ballast tank 1. The second ballast tank 2 is connected with the water filling pipeline 30 through a second isolation valve 21, the maximum water level value H1b and the adjusting water level value H2b are set in the second ballast tank 2, and a second liquid level telemetering probe for detecting the actual water level is arranged in the second ballast tank 2. When the actual water level of the first ballast tank 1 reaches the maximum water level value H1a, the first isolation valve 11 is closed, the drain isolation valve is opened, and the seawater in the water filling line 30 is discharged outside the ship through the drain line 40. At this time, the actual water level in the second ballast tank 2 is detected through the second liquid level telemetering probe, and the open state of the second isolation valve 21 is detected, if the actual water level in the second ballast tank 2 is lower than the regulated water level value H2b, and the second isolation valve 21 is in the open state, the second ballast tank 2 needs to be filled with water, at this time, the water discharge isolation valve is closed, and the water filling pipeline 30 fills the second ballast tank 2 with water. The method is beneficial to detecting and confirming each ballast tank in the ship ballast water system one by one, and temporarily interrupting the connection between the water injection equipment 3 and the ballast tank through the drainage equipment 4, ensuring that each ballast tank finishes water injection and preventing overflow caused by over-injection.
Specifically, in step S5, the ship ballast water system further includes a water level detector, and the water level detector is connected to the controller. The water level detector is used for detecting the actual water level of the ship. Detecting that when one or more ballast tanks in the plurality of ballast tanks need to be filled with water, communicating the corresponding ballast tanks with the water injection equipment 3, and repeating the step S2 to inject water; after detection, when the ballast tanks do not need water injection, the water level detector is used for detecting whether the actual water level of the ship reaches a set value or not, if the actual water level reaches the set value, the water injection is finished, and the ballast water pump 32 is turned off to finish the water injection operation. If the actual water level does not reach the set value, one or more of the ballast tanks are selected to be supplemented with water according to the actual water level of each ballast tank, so that the actual water level of the ship reaches the set value, and the navigation requirement is guaranteed.
Specifically, the vent pipe 10 is installed at the top of the ballast tank, one end of the vent pipe 10 is communicated with the ballast tank, and the other end of the vent pipe 10 is used for exhausting. When the ballast tank is filled with water, air in the ballast tank is squeezed by the ballast water and is discharged through the vent pipe 10.
The remarkable effects of the embodiment are as follows: by setting at least two water level values for the ballast tank and adjusting the water injection speed and stopping water injection when the actual water level reaches the corresponding water level value during water injection, the problem that seawater overflows through the vent pipe 10 because the isolation valve is not closed timely and the seawater is excessively injected into the ballast tank is avoided. Meanwhile, the drainage device 4 is arranged, so that the connection between the water injection device 3 and the ballast tanks is temporarily blocked, the plurality of ballast tanks are correspondingly detected, the water injection requirements of the ballast tanks are judged, and finally, the ship is ensured to reach the corresponding draft value, and the navigation requirement is ensured. The method has the characteristics of preventing overflow during water injection of the ballast tank and ensuring the quality of water injection operation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water is characterized by comprising a ship ballast water system, wherein the ship ballast water system comprises a plurality of ballast tanks, water injection equipment and drainage equipment, the plurality of ballast tanks are all connected with the water injection equipment, the water injection equipment can inject seawater outside a ship into the ballast tanks, the drainage equipment is arranged between the ballast tanks and the water injection equipment, and the seawater in the water injection equipment can be discharged outside the ship through the drainage equipment;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, setting two water level values for the ballast tank, wherein one water level value is the maximum water level value H1, the other water level value is the water level adjusting value H2, and H1 is more than H2;
s2, the water injection equipment injects water into the ballast tank, and when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the adjusted water level value H2, the water injection equipment reduces the water injection speed;
s3, when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the maximum water level value H1, stopping filling water into the ballast tank by the water filling equipment, and discharging the seawater in the water filling equipment to the outside of the ship through the water discharging equipment;
s4, detecting whether the ballast tanks need to be filled with water or not, closing the drainage equipment when the ballast tanks need to be filled with water, and repeating the step S2;
s5, detecting the actual draft value of the ship, and closing the water injection equipment when the actual draft value reaches a set value; and when the actual draft value is lower than the set value, communicating the corresponding ballast tank with the water injection device, and repeating the step S2.
2. The method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein the maximum water level value H1 is less than the highest water level value of the seawater that the ballast tanks can contain.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water injection equipment comprises a water injection pipeline and a ballast water pump disposed on the water injection pipeline, a plurality of the ballast tanks are connected with one end of the water injection pipeline, the other end of the water injection pipeline is provided with a sea chest, the ballast water pump is located between the ballast tank and the sea chest, the water discharge equipment comprises a water discharge pipeline, one end of the water discharge pipeline is connected between the ballast tank and the ballast water pump, and the other end of the water discharge pipeline is provided with an outboard door.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water injection facility further comprises a ballast water treatment device disposed between the ballast water pump and the ballast tank, and a coarse seawater filter disposed between the ballast water pump and the sea chest, wherein the coarse seawater filter and the ballast water treatment device purify the seawater and inject the purified seawater into the ballast tank.
5. The method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water according to claim 3, wherein the ship ballast water system further comprises a bypass pipeline having one end connected between the drain pipeline and the ballast tank and the other end connected between the ballast water pump and the sea chest, the ballast water pump being capable of driving the sea water to be discharged to the outside of the ship through the bypass pipeline and the drain pipeline in sequence.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ballast tank is set with a plurality of regulated water level values H2, a plurality of regulated water level values H2 are sequentially increased, each regulated water level value H2 corresponds to one water injection speed S, and a plurality of water injection speeds S are sequentially decreased in step S1.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ship ballast water system further comprises a controller, a liquid level remote measuring probe is disposed at each of the adjusted water level values H2 in the ballast tank, a regulating valve is disposed between the water injection device and the ballast tank, the liquid level remote measuring probe and the regulating valve are both connected to the controller, and the controller controls the regulating valve to enable the water injection device to inject water at the corresponding water injection speed S when the actual water level in the ballast tank reaches the corresponding adjusted water level value H2 in step S2.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the adjusting valve is set to a plurality of opening degrees corresponding to a plurality of filling rates S at the step S2, and the water filling facility performs the water filling at the corresponding filling rates S by adjusting the opening degree of the adjusting valve at the time of the water filling.
9. The method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, a liquid level remote measuring probe is correspondingly disposed at the maximum water level value H1 in the ballast tank, an isolation valve is disposed between the water filling device and the ballast tank, the liquid level remote measuring probe and the isolation valve are connected to the controller, and the controller closes the isolation valve to stop filling the ballast tank when the actual water level reaches the maximum water level value H1.
10. The method for preventing overflow of ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises the steps of:
s41, each ballast tank is provided with an isolation valve, and the on-off state of each isolation valve is detected;
s42, detecting the actual water level value of each ballast tank;
and S43, when the isolation valve is in the open state and the actual water level value is lower than the regulated water level value H2, closing the drainage equipment, and filling water into the corresponding ballast tank by the water filling equipment.
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| CN112319691A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-05 | 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 | Ballast and discharge system suitable for floating wind power platform and operation method |
| CN113460258B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-08-30 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Water injection device of permanent ballast tank |
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| CN205113673U (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-03-30 | 上海船舶研究设计院 | Air compressor machine ballast semi -submerged ship ballast tank dive auxiliary system |
| CN206155745U (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉劳雷绿湾船舶科技有限公司 | Unmanned ship remote control water ballast system |
| CN108100158A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-06-01 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | A kind of ballast tank is breathed freely overflowing protecting system |
| CN108482580B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-03-10 | 上海船舶研究设计院（中国船舶工业集团公司第六0四研究院） | Ballast system, floating dock and floating dock system |
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