CN111822985A - Digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system - Google Patents
Digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111822985A CN111822985A CN202010574684.1A CN202010574684A CN111822985A CN 111822985 A CN111822985 A CN 111822985A CN 202010574684 A CN202010574684 A CN 202010574684A CN 111822985 A CN111822985 A CN 111822985A
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- gasket
- flange
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/243—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using washers
Abstract
The invention discloses a digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system which comprises an upper flange and a lower flange, wherein the lower flange is arranged on the lower side of the upper flange. According to the invention, the intelligent gasket is arranged, so that the pre-tightening force of the nut can be effectively and accurately controlled through the intelligent gasket, various errors generated when bolts are pre-tightened by using different methods are overcome, the pre-tightening condition data of the bolts are directly reflected, and the use and operation are convenient; by arranging the load signal receiver, the pre-tightening force on the bolt can be monitored and inquired in real time through the load signal receiver, and the leakage accident of the flange or equipment caused by loosening or failure of the fastening bolt is prevented, so that the monitoring is convenient; through being provided with intelligent gasket, the interval between first arc on the intelligent gasket and the second arc is adjustable, can adapt to the bolt of different diameters and use the operation, and the commonality is good. The invention has the advantages of accurate pretightening force control and good universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bolt fixing, in particular to a digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system.
Background
Threaded connections are one of the most widely used fastening means and are also one of the important safety connections. If the threaded fastener is screwed too tightly, namely the pretightening force is too large, the bolt can be screwed off, the connected piece can be crushed and meshed, and the thread teeth can be sheared and released; if the pretightening force is insufficient, the connected piece can slide and be dislocated, thereby causing the faults of joint surface sealing leakage, fastener shearing and the like,
in recent decades, various industries have been rapidly developed, and due to bolt pre-tightening and anti-loosening, explosion and leakage accidents in the petrochemical industry occur; a wind turbine collapse accident; the training of blood such as bridge collapse sometimes happens, and in short, the control and real-time monitoring of the bolt pretightening force also become an important problem of threaded connection.
The existing bolt tightening method and pre-tightening force control method have the following methods:
firstly, an empirical method: the operator uses tools such as a knocking wrench to tighten the bolt, whether the bolt is tightened in place or not depends on the feeling and experience of the operator, and no specific torque parameter data exists.
II, a moment method: the bolt (diameter d) is tightened by a torque wrench. And converting the required pre-tightening force (F0) into a corresponding torque value through a formula T = K F0 d (wherein K is an empirical estimation value of a tightening torque coefficient), and outputting the corresponding torque value through a torque wrench, thereby achieving the aim of tightening the bolt to the position. The torque wrench is mainly divided into a hydraulic torque wrench, an electric torque wrench and a pneumatic torque wrench. The three use different power sources, namely hydraulic oil, a power supply and compressed air, and the required torque value is obtained by controlling the parameters of the power sources, namely the oil pressure, the current and the air pressure. However, under the influence of factors such as friction coefficient between the bolt and the nut, geometric parameter deviation and the like (machining precision error between thread pairs, surface treatment error and reasons of existence of lubricating oil, and the value range of a tightening torque coefficient value K is between 0.1 and 0.3) and the precision of the wrench (pressure gauge precision error and manufacturing error), the conversion of the pre-tightening force and the torque value can only be used as theoretical reference, so that the method for controlling the pre-tightening force of the bolt through the tightening torque has low precision and large data deviation.
Thirdly, a stretching method: and applying pretightening force to the bolt by using a hydraulic stretching device. The hydraulic cylinder part of the stretching device is firstly arranged on the bearing surface of the connected piece, then the stretching head is screwed on the thread part of the stretching nut, hydraulic oil is conveyed into the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston, so that the stretching head moves upwards, then the nut is rotated, the nut stops rotating after clinging to the bearing surface of the connected piece, and finally the pressure is removed. The magnitude of the preload force is equal to the product of the pressure oil and the piston area, i.e., F = P A is also an indirect datum. After the precision error of the pressure gauge and the pressure are removed, a certain rebound relaxation amount exists between the connecting piece and the bolt connection, so that the measurement accuracy is reduced. Therefore, the pretightening force controlled by the method still has errors and inaccurate data.
In addition, the diameter of the gasket in the prior art is fixed, so that the gasket is inconvenient to use and poor in universality for some non-standard bolt fasteners in the actual use process, and the use of the gasket is limited.
Based on the reasons, the invention provides a digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system to solve the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system, which aims to overcome the defects of inconvenience and poor universality of pre-tightening force control in the prior art. The digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system has the characteristics of accurate pre-tightening force control, good universality and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a digital bolt pretension automatic control system, includes the upper flange, the downside of upper flange is provided with the lower flange, the through-hole on upper flange and the lower flange all sets up with one heart, it has same bolt to run through in same through-hole on upper flange and the lower flange, the bolt is close to the upper and lower end and all overlaps and be equipped with the nut, the upside be provided with intelligent gasket between the lower lateral wall of nut and the last lateral wall of upper flange, intelligent gasket cover is established and is set up on the bolt lateral wall, the inside two gravity inductors that are provided with of intelligent gasket, all the intelligent gasket all is connected with same load signal receiver through the wire.
Preferably, the intelligence gasket includes first arc, first arc bilateral symmetry is provided with two, two the arc wall has all been seted up on the both sides lateral wall of first arc, the arc wall runs through the upper and lower lateral wall setting of first arc, the movable slot has been seted up on the lateral wall of first arc, two the symmetry is provided with two second arcs, two between the first arc equal fixedly connected with fixed block on the lateral wall that the second arc is close to both sides, the second arc inserts and sets up in the arc wall of both sides, the fixed block respectively with movable slot swing joint.
Preferably, the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the intelligent gasket are provided with anti-slip grooves.
Preferably, the upper and lower side walls of the intelligent gasket are bonded with carborundum.
Preferably, two set up through connecting wire electric connection between the gravity inductor, one of them is provided with the slot on the gravity inductor, load signal receiver one end fixedly connected with connection is kept away from to the wire connects the socket, connect the socket and match the setting each other with the slot.
A use method of a digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, installing an intelligent gasket, and installing the intelligent gasket between the top surface of the upper flange and the bottom surface of the upper side nut in the same way as the ordinary gasket;
s2, inserting a load signal receiver into the slot on the intelligent gasket through the connection on the lead to receive a signal source generated by the pre-tightening device;
s3, setting a pre-tightening load for external equipment, and connecting a pre-tightening system device (a torque wrench or a hydraulic tensioner);
s4, pressurizing through an external oil pump, starting the pre-tightening system to work, enabling the nut to generate acting force on the intelligent gasket, and enabling the operating platform to receive a load signal;
and S5, continuing pressurizing the oil pump until the load does not reach the preset parameters, and the oil pump reaches the working requirements until the load meets the preset parameters, stopping pressurizing the oil pump, and finishing the pre-tightening control work.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the intelligent gasket is arranged, so that the pre-tightening force of the nut can be effectively and accurately controlled through the intelligent gasket, various errors generated when bolts are pre-tightened by using different methods are overcome, the pre-tightening condition data of the bolts are directly reflected, and the use and operation are convenient;
2. by arranging the load signal receiver, the pre-tightening force on the bolt can be monitored and inquired in real time through the load signal receiver, and the leakage accident of the flange or equipment caused by loosening or failure of the fastening bolt is prevented, so that the monitoring is convenient;
3. through being provided with intelligent gasket, the interval between first arc on the intelligent gasket and the second arc is adjustable, can adapt to the bolt of different diameters and use the operation, and the commonality is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation condition of an intelligent gasket according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent gasket of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the plane A-A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the monitoring operation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the operation of the hydraulic tensioner of the automatic control system for pre-tightening the bolt according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the operation of the hydraulic driving wrench of the automatic control system for pre-tightening the bolt according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the operation of the hydraulic hollow wrench of the automatic control system for pre-tightening the bolt according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows the working conditions of the pneumatic and electric wrench of the automatic control system for pre-tightening the bolt of the present invention; .
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. an upper flange; 2. a lower flange; 3. a bolt; 4. a nut; 5. an intelligent gasket; 6. an anti-slip groove; 7. emery; 8. a wire; 9. a load signal receiver; 10. a gravity sensor; 11. a first arc-shaped plate; 12. a movable groove; 13. a second arc-shaped plate; 14. a fixed block; 15. a connecting wire; 16. and (4) a slot.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system comprises an upper flange 1, a lower flange 2 is arranged on the lower side of the upper flange 1, through holes on the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are concentrically arranged, the same bolt 3 penetrates through the same through hole on the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2, nuts 4 are sleeved on the bolts 3 close to the upper end and the lower end, an intelligent gasket 5 is arranged between the lower side wall of the upper nut 4 and the upper side wall of the upper flange 1, the intelligent gasket 5 comprises first arc-shaped plates 11, two first arc-shaped plates 11 are symmetrically arranged in a left-right mode, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the side walls on the two sides of the two first arc-shaped plates 11 and penetrate through the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the first arc-shaped plates 11, movable grooves 12 are formed in the side walls of the first arc-shaped plates 11, two second arc-shaped plates 13 are symmetrically arranged between the two first arc-shaped plates 11, fixed blocks 14 are fixedly connected to the, the second arc-shaped plate 13 is inserted into the arc-shaped grooves at two sides, the fixed block 14 is movably connected with the movable groove 12 respectively, so that the adjustment operation can be conveniently carried out according to the actual use requirement, the universality is good, the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the intelligent gasket 5 are both provided with the anti-skidding grooves 6, the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the intelligent gasket 5 are both bonded with the carborundum 7, the friction force is improved, the anti-loosing effect is good, the intelligent gasket 5 is sleeved on the side wall of the bolt 3, two gravity sensors 10 are arranged inside the intelligent gasket 5, all the intelligent gaskets 5 are connected with the same load signal receiver 9 through the lead 8, the two gravity sensors 10 are, a slot 16 is formed in one gravity sensor 10, one end, far away from the load signal receiver 9, of the lead 8 is fixedly connected with a connecting plug, and the connecting plug and the slot 16 are arranged in a matched mode, so that data reading operation of connection is facilitated.
A use method of a digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, installing the intelligent gasket 5, and installing the intelligent gasket 5 between the top surface of the upper flange 1 and the bottom surface of the upper side nut 4 in the same way as the installation of a common gasket;
s2, installing a load signal receiver 9 through a connecting plug on the lead 8 and a slot 16 inserted into the intelligent gasket 5, and receiving a signal source generated by a pre-tightening device;
s3, setting a pre-tightening load for external equipment, and connecting a pre-tightening system device;
s4, pressurizing through an external oil pump, starting the pre-tightening system to work, enabling the nut 4 to generate acting force on the intelligent gasket 5, and enabling the operating platform to receive a load signal;
and S5, continuing pressurizing the oil pump until the load does not reach the preset parameters, and the oil pump reaches the working requirements until the load meets the preset parameters, stopping pressurizing the oil pump, and finishing the pre-tightening control work.
Example two: load signal receiver 9 that uses in this embodiment has wireless receiving function and signal storage function, gravity inductor 10 has the wireless transmission function, gravity inductor 10 is to the information transfer who gathers to load signal receiver 9 on, load signal receiver 9 receives wireless data to data storage, show data simultaneously, transmit through wireless data, make when wired data can't be transmitted, load signal receiver 9 can collect and show data. (as a preferred mode, the wireless transmission in this embodiment is performed by using NB-IOT, ZIGBEE, bluetooth module, and other signal transmission modules to transmit and receive signals, which is not described in detail in this embodiment; see fig. 4, which may also be performed by using a conventional wired signal transmission mode).
Example three: referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a hydraulic tensioner is used to operate the pre-tightening force of the bolt 3.
Example four: referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, a hydraulic wrench is used to operate the pre-tightening force of the bolt 3.
Example five: referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, a hydraulic hollow wrench is used to operate the pre-tightening force of the bolt 3.
Example six: referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, a pneumatic wrench or an electric wrench is used to operate the pre-tightening force of the bolt 3.
The working principle is as follows: when the invention is used, firstly, the intelligent gasket 5 is installed, and as the installation mode of a common gasket, the intelligent gasket 5 is additionally installed between the top surface of the upper flange 1 and the bottom surface of the upper nut 4, because the distance between the first arc-shaped plate 11 and the second arc-shaped plate 13 on the intelligent gasket 5 is adjustable, the intelligent gasket can be conveniently used for various non-standard or standard components, the universality is good, then, a load signal receiver 9 is installed by inserting the connecting plug on the lead 8 into the slot 16 on the intelligent gasket 5, a signal source generated by a pre-tightening device is received, then, a pre-tightening load is set for external equipment, a pre-tightening system device is connected, finally, the pre-tightening system starts to work through the pressurization of an external oil pump, the nut 4 generates acting force on the intelligent gasket 5, the operating platform receives a load signal, when the load does not reach, when the load reaches preset parameters, the oil pump stops pressurizing, the pre-tightening control work is finished, if the pre-tightening force needs to be monitored, the intelligent gasket 5 is connected in the slot 16 on the intelligent gasket 5 through the connecting plug at one end of the lead 8, the other end of the lead 8 is fixed to the load signal receiver 9, the power is switched on, so that the pre-tightening force on the intelligent gasket 5 is displayed on the load signal receiver 9, if the pre-tightening force display data are in an allowable range, the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 do not loosen and leak, and if the pre-tightening force display data are not in the allowable range, the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are loosened and leak, so that the monitoring operation is convenient to realize.
The transmission mode of the gasket in each embodiment can be a wireless transmission mode or a wired transmission mode, the wireless transmission mode is used as a replacement scheme of the wired transmission mode, and the gasket is internally provided with signal transmission modules such as an NB-IOT (NB-internet of things), a ZIGBEE module, a Bluetooth module and the like for carrying out signal transmission and reception with equipment, which is not described in this embodiment again
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a digital bolt pretension automatic control system, includes flange (1), its characterized in that: go up the downside of flange (1) and be provided with lower flange (2), go up through-hole on flange (1) and lower flange (2) and all set up with one heart, go up and run through same bolt (3) in flange (1) and lower flange (2) in same through-hole, bolt (3) are close to the last lower extreme and all are equipped with nut (4), upside be provided with intelligent gasket (5) between the lower lateral wall of nut (4) and the last lateral wall of last flange (1), intelligent gasket (5) cover is established and is set up on bolt (3) lateral wall, intelligent gasket (5) inside is provided with two gravity inductors (10), all intelligent gasket (5) all are connected with same load signal receiver (9) through wire (8).
2. The digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: intelligence gasket (5) include first arc (11), first arc (11) bilateral symmetry is provided with two, two the arc has all been seted up on the both sides lateral wall of first arc (11), the arc runs through the upper and lower lateral wall setting of first arc (11), movable groove (12), two have been seted up on the lateral wall of first arc (11) the symmetry is provided with two second arcs (13), two between first arc (11) equal fixedly connected with fixed block (14) on the lateral wall that second arc (13) are close to both sides, set up in the arc of second arc (13) insertion both sides, fixed block (14) respectively with movable groove (12) swing joint.
3. The digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and anti-skidding grooves (6) are formed in the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the intelligent gasket (5).
4. The digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the intelligent gasket (5) are both bonded with carborundum (7).
5. The digital automatic bolt pre-tightening control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two through connecting wire (15) electric connection setting between gravity inductor (10), one of them be provided with slot (16) on gravity inductor (10), load signal receiver (9) one end fixedly connected with connection is kept away from in wire (8) connects the socket, connect the socket and match the setting each other with slot (16).
6. The use method of the digital bolt pretensioning automatic control system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, firstly, installing the intelligent gasket 5, and installing the intelligent gasket 5 between the top surface of the upper flange 1 and the bottom surface of the upper side nut 4 in the same way as the installation of a common gasket;
s2, installing a load signal receiver 9 through a connecting plug on the lead 8 and a slot 16 inserted into the intelligent gasket 5, and receiving a signal source generated by a pre-tightening device;
s3, setting a pre-tightening load for external equipment, and connecting a pre-tightening system device (a torque wrench or a hydraulic tensioner);
s4, pressurizing through an external oil pump, starting the pre-tightening system to work, enabling the nut 4 to generate acting force on the intelligent gasket 5, and enabling the operating platform to receive a load signal;
and S5, continuing pressurizing the oil pump until the load does not reach the preset parameters, and the oil pump reaches the working requirements until the load meets the preset parameters, stopping pressurizing the oil pump, and finishing the pre-tightening control work.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010574684.1A CN111822985A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010574684.1A CN111822985A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system |
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| CN111822985A true CN111822985A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010574684.1A Pending CN111822985A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Digital bolt pre-tightening automatic control system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115031872A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-09-09 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Supporting interface force testing device of aircraft engine rotor |
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Application publication date: 20201027 |