CN111822578B - Electroplastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device and method - Google Patents

Electroplastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111822578B
CN111822578B CN202010560472.8A CN202010560472A CN111822578B CN 111822578 B CN111822578 B CN 111822578B CN 202010560472 A CN202010560472 A CN 202010560472A CN 111822578 B CN111822578 B CN 111822578B
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forming
die
plate
pulse
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CN111822578A (en
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董正乾
姜银方
王匀
姜文帆
朱福文
王思理
赵健
吴搏
金伟
刘新
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Jiangsu University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electro-plasticity assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device and method, which relate to the field of laser impact forming technology and electro-plasticity assisted forming, and comprise a laser impact device and a stamping die deep drawing device; the plate is arranged in the die drawing device, the die drawing device is used for forming the plate, and the laser impact device is used for performing auxiliary processing on the plate by changing the transmission path of laser. The laser impact forming is carried out while the sheet is subjected to drawing forming, the forming capability of the sheet drawing forming is improved, the incongruity of the forming time of the laser impact forming and the electric auxiliary forming is overcome, and the efficiency of the laser impact forming is improved.

Description

Electroplastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser forming technology and electric auxiliary forming technology, in particular to a method and a device for realizing pulse laser continuous impact and simultaneously drawing and forming a plate under the condition of pulse current. The laser shock forming method is particularly suitable for laser shock forming of metal plates difficult to form.
Background
Bending of sheet metal has been of considerable importance in the aerospace, automotive, marine and civilian industries. In the traditional die stamping forming, a metal plate is placed on a die, and internal force for deforming the metal plate is generated in the plate under the action of a press machine to form a part with a certain shape.
The laser shock forming has the characteristics of ultrahigh pressure, high energy and high strain rate, is a composite forming technology integrating material modification, strengthening and forming, and due to the thermal barrier protection of the absorption layer and the restraint layer, laser cannot cause thermal damage to a metal plate; because the parameters of the pulse energy, the spot size, the pulse width variation, the laser energy and the like of the laser are accurately controllable, the accurate control of the plate forming can be realized through a numerical control system. Compared with the traditional die stamping forming, the laser shock forming can realize the die-free forming, the processing flexibility is better, and the die production period is saved. However, when a plate material such as a magnesium alloy which is difficult to form is subjected to laser shock forming in the air, the plate material is easy to break in a deformation center area under the action of laser shock waves, so that the performance and the improvement of the plate material forming performance under the laser shock loading are influenced, and meanwhile, the development of the laser shock forming is influenced by the efficiency problem in the laser shock forming process.
Meanwhile, scholars at home and abroad also proceed to research the electro-plastic effect, and mainly focus on two aspects of electro-plastic mechanism and electric auxiliary forming. According to research, the pulse current can not only bring Joule heat effect to the workpiece, but also bring the electro-plasticity effect, the electro-plasticity effect can reduce the dynamic recrystallization temperature of the metal plate, accelerate the dynamic recrystallization process and inhibit the generation of fracture holes. Meanwhile, the pulse current inhibits the growth of crystal grains, and plays a refining role on the tissue crystal grains, so that the metal plastic forming capability is improved.
Combining laser shock forming with electrically assisted forming can achieve a technical breakthrough, but new problems also arise at the same time. The laser impact forming principle is similar to asymptotic forming, the forming process time is long, and the electric auxiliary forming can achieve the expected effect without introducing long-time pulse current, so how to solve the forming time incompatibility of the laser impact forming and the electric auxiliary forming is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved by combining the optical impact forming and the electric auxiliary forming.
The patent application No. 200810138715.8 entitled "sheet material laser micro deep drawing method and apparatus with synchronous heating" uses two beams of laser to heat and soften the edge area while the columnar laser is impacting and forming. However, the method is only suitable for forming ultrathin plate materials and tiny cylindrical parts, and is not suitable for forming sheets with common specifications.
The patent of application No. 201410142759.3 entitled "method and apparatus for laser shock peening with strong electric field applied", wherein the applied electric field is used to increase the pressure of confined plasma caused by laser and enhance the peening efficiency and effect at the same time of laser shock peening. However, this patent is only a means of confining the plasma by the electric field generated by the current and does not introduce the electro-plastic effect into it.
The patent with application number 201510197097.4 entitled "an optical path device and method for laser shot-peening forming of large workpiece" adopts a scanning galvanometer system to enable laser to form large workpiece, saves space, but has the disadvantages that: (1) for the same impact point, the incidence range and the angle of the laser are fixed, and only one-direction impact can be generated. (2) The oblique punching results in loss of laser energy and reduction of efficiency; the direction of the impact force of the inclined punch is unreasonable, the plate is easy to break, the enough forming depth cannot be obtained, and the forming performance of the plate is reduced.
The patent with the application number of 201811533772.6 discloses a method and a device for forming shock waves of metal plates, wherein shock waves are generated by expanding plasmas induced by laser and shock waves generated by mixed explosion of hydrogen and oxygen, and the shock waves have the combined action to increase the peak pressure of the shock waves and improve the forming depth. However, the method has potential safety hazard and high danger coefficient.
Patent No. 201910623772.3 entitled "a high-frequency pulse current-assisted surface shot peening apparatus and method" utilizes the electro-plastic effect and applies a high-frequency pulse current to simultaneously shot peening the surface of a workpiece, thereby providing an idea for combining laser shock forming and electrically assisted forming, although not forming.
The patent of application No. 201911300078.4 entitled "a multipoint laser shock forming device and forming method" uses several independent single pulse lasers to perform multipoint laser forming technology. This patent does allow for complex forming, but is too costly to be practical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to combine laser shock forming and electric auxiliary forming, provides a method which can overcome the defect that a plate material is easy to crack when the laser shock forming is carried out at normal temperature, and is suitable for a forming method and a device of the plate material which is difficult to form by a conventional method. In the pulse current stimulation process, the metal material can generate joule heat, the temperature is increased, the material is softened, and the flow stress in the material is reduced, so that the material is easy to form. Meanwhile, the electro-plasticity effect brought by the pulse current promotes the movement of dislocation, accelerates the recrystallization process, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, refines the crystal grains and improves the surface hardness. Because the laser shock forming time is long, and the electric auxiliary forming does not need the process time, the invention introduces the stamping forming, overcomes the forming time incompatibility of the laser shock forming and the electric auxiliary forming, combines the laser shock forming with the electric auxiliary forming and the stamping forming, and overcomes the defect of a single laser shock forming process.
The invention can be used for drawing and forming of plates difficult to form, and in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the electro-plasticity assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device comprises a laser impact device and a stamping die deep drawing device; the plate is arranged in the die drawing device, the die drawing device is used for forming the plate, and the laser impact device is used for performing auxiliary processing on the plate by changing the transmission path of laser.
Further, the laser impact device comprises a pulse laser, a total reflector, a light spot adjusting device, a converging lens, a conical concave lens, a conical convex lens and a conical curved reflector; laser beams emitted by the pulse laser are reflected by a holophote, adjusted by a light spot adjusting device and converged by a converging lens, and are converted into annular laser beams through a conical concave lens and a conical convex lens, and finally, the sheet materials are irradiated through a conical curved surface reflector arranged on a stamping die drawing device so as to form workpieces.
Further, the stamping die deep drawing device comprises a male die, a blank holder, a female die and a male die end cover; the male die and the female die form a group of modules for forming the plate; when the sheet metal is formed, the sheet metal is arranged between the male die and the female die, and two sides of the sheet metal are positioned through the blank holders.
Further, the top end of the male die is a male die end cover; the conical curved surface reflector is arranged above the convex die end cover.
Furthermore, the male die end cover is made of a Perm plate, and the Perm plate is made of high-hardness polycarbonate material.
Furthermore, a flexible film is covered on the upper surface of the plate.
The device further comprises a pulse current control device, wherein the pulse current control device is used for electrifying plasticity of the plate material in processing; the pulse current control device comprises an oscilloscope, a pulse power supply and a copper electrode; the copper electrode is embedded between the blank holder and the female die, and the oscilloscope is used for monitoring the current and the voltage in the plate.
Further, the parameters of the pulse power supply comprise that the output working frequency is 50-800 Hz, the output voltage is 12-140V, the maximum pulse peak value is not less than 5000A, and the pulse width is 10-100 mus.
The working method of the electro-plasticity assisted laser shock forming device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the central control processor controls the pulse power supply to work, and corrects the electrical parameters according to the reading of the oscilloscope; keeping the calculated effective current density J at 10-15A/mm2；
If the pulse power supply selects sinusoidal unidirectional pulse current, then
Figure GDA0003321952700000031
If the pulse power supply selects the momentForm a pulse current of
Figure GDA0003321952700000032
Wherein, J (A/mm)2): the effective value current density of the workpiece; i (A): the effective value of the workpiece current is; i ism(A) The method comprises the following steps The maximum peak value of the pulse current; t (Hz): the pulse power supply outputs working frequency; s (mm)2): the cross-sectional area of the workpiece;
step two: measuring the temperature of a position needing to be impacted of the plate by using an infrared thermometer, wherein the temperature of the plate is kept at 120-160 ℃;
step three: the central control processor controls the mobile device control system, and the mobile device control system controls the male die to perform downward stamping;
step four: when the male die is about to touch the sheet material, the central control processor controls a power supply of a laser to work, a laser beam passes through an external light path, a total reflector and a light spot adjusting device, is converted into an annular laser beam through a converging lens, a conical concave lens and a conical convex lens, the impact pressure is adjusted by changing laser parameters, the sheet material with the flexible film is irradiated through a conical curved surface reflector, and a workpiece is formed under the action of laser-induced impact waves;
step five: the central control processor controls the mobile device control system, and the mobile device control system controls the conical convex lens so as to change the diameter of the annular laser and adjust the laser impact position;
step six: the mobile device control system controls the male die to perform the stamping process, and simultaneously performs laser shock forming and electric auxiliary forming; after the punching is finished, the central control processor controls the pulse power supply to stop working, and simultaneously, the central control processor controls the laser power supply to adjust laser parameters so as to perform laser shock strengthening on the formed part.
Furthermore, the laser pulse width is 4 ns-20 ns, the laser energy is 0-100J, and the diameter of the laser beam is slightly 0.2-20 mm.
The invention has the following technical advantages:
1. in the pulse current stimulation process, the metal material can generate joule heat, the temperature is increased, the material is softened, and the flow stress in the material is reduced, so that the material is easy to form. Meanwhile, the electro-plasticity effect brought by the pulse current promotes the movement of dislocation, accelerates the recrystallization process, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, refines the crystal grains and improves the surface hardness; because the laser shock forming time is long, and the electric auxiliary forming does not need the process time, the invention introduces the stamping forming, overcomes the forming time incompatibility of the laser shock forming and the electric auxiliary forming, combines the laser shock forming with the electric auxiliary forming and the stamping forming, and overcomes the defect of a single laser shock forming process.
2. Before laser impact forming, the sheet material is introduced with pulse current, so that the forming temperature can be increased, the material is softened, the flow stress in the material is reduced, and the material is easy to form.
3. The electroplasticity effect brought by the pulse current promotes the movement of dislocation, accelerates the recrystallization process, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, refines the crystal grains and improves the surface hardness.
4. When defects are generated in the metal material during laser shock forming and stamping forming, the local resistivity is increased, the temperature is further increased, and the pulse current can quickly prevent and eliminate the defects. Meanwhile, the pulse current passivates cracks, thins the metal structure at the crack stop position and obviously improves the fracture resistance.
5. The side surface of the copper electrode is lower than the surface of the die, so that the safety of operators is ensured when pulse current is introduced.
6. The punching forming is introduced, so that the incompatibility of the forming time of the laser shock forming and the electric auxiliary forming is overcome, and the efficiency of the laser shock forming is improved.
7. The electric auxiliary forming and the stamping forming are adopted at the place with small plate deformation, and the method combining the electric auxiliary forming, the stamping forming and the laser shock forming is adopted at the place with large deformation and easy crack generation, so that the forming can be completed in a short time, and meanwhile, the forming quality is ensured.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electro-plasticity assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device of the invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view (quarter) of the stamping die with copper electrodes according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1-oscilloscope, 2-pulse power supply, 3-central control processor, 4-mobile device control system, 5-laser power supply, 6-pulse laser, 7-total reflector, 8-facula adjusting device, 9-convergent lens, 10-conical concave lens, 11-conical convex lens, 12-laser beam, 13-convex die, 14-blank holder, 15-copper electrode group, 16-concave die, 17-flexible film, 18-plate, 19-conical curved surface reflector and 20-convex die end cover.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following first describes in detail embodiments according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electro-plastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device includes a laser impact device, a pulse current control device, and a die deep drawing device, all of which are connected to a central control processor 3, and the central control processor 3 controls laser impact parameters, current parameters, and a die process through three devices, respectively; the laser impact device comprises a laser power supply 5, a high-power pulse laser 6, a total reflector 7, a light spot adjusting device 8, a converging lens 9, a conical concave lens 10, a conical convex lens 11 and a conical curved reflector 19, and the central control processor 3 controls the laser power supply 5; a laser beam with the pulse width of 4 ns-20 ns emitted by a high-power pulse laser 5 passes through a total reflector 7 and a light spot adjusting device 8 through an external light path, is converted into an annular laser beam through a converging lens 9, a conical concave lens 10 and a conical convex lens 11, the size of impact pressure is adjusted by changing laser parameters such as the pulse width of the laser beam of 4 ns-20 ns, the energy of the laser beam of 0-100J, the diameter of the laser beam of 0.2-20 mm and the like, and the workpiece is formed by irradiating a sheet material 18 with a flexible film 17 through a conical curved surface reflector 19 to generate laser-induced impact wave; the purpose of covering the flexible film on the plate material 18 is to enhance the absorption of the annular laser and improve the efficiency of laser irradiation.
The conical convex lens 11 is connected with the mobile device control system 4, and the diameter of the annular laser is changed by controlling the distance between the conical concave lens 10 and the conical convex lens 11, so that the laser impact position is adjusted; the pulse current control device comprises an oscilloscope 1, a pulse power supply 2 and a copper electrode 15; the copper electrode 15 is respectively embedded in the blank holder 14 and the female die 16, and the oscilloscope 1 is used for monitoring the current and the voltage in the workpiece 17. In the invention, the sheet material is electrified in the process of impact forming of the laser and the die, so that on one hand, in the process of pulse current stimulation, the metal material can generate joule heat, the temperature is increased, the material is softened, the flow stress in the material is reduced, and the material is easy to form. Meanwhile, the electro-plasticity effect brought by the pulse current promotes the movement of dislocation, accelerates the recrystallization process, inhibits the growth of crystal grains, refines the crystal grains and improves the surface hardness; on the other hand, because the laser shock forming time is long, and the electric auxiliary forming does not need the process time, the invention introduces the stamping forming, overcomes the forming time incompatibility of the laser shock forming and the electric auxiliary forming, combines the laser shock forming with the electric auxiliary forming and the stamping forming, and overcomes the defect of a single laser shock forming process.
The changeable parameters of the pulse power supply comprise that the output working frequency is 50-800 Hz, the output voltage of the end is 10-140V, the maximum peak value of the pulse is not less than 5000A, and the pulse width is 10-100 mus; the die drawing device comprises a male die 13, a blank holder 14, a female die 16 and a male die end cover 20; the blank holder 14 and the female die 16 are both connected with the copper electrode group 15; the male die end cover 20 is made of a Perm plate made of an improved high-hardness polycarbonate material; the convex die end cover 20 is arranged at the top end of the convex die 13 and fixedly connected with other parts of the convex die 13, and the convex die end cover 20 is designed to enable laser reflected by the conical surface reflector 19 to penetrate through the convex die end cover 20 and irradiate on the plate material 18 so as to carry out laser processing on the plate material.
The working method of the device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the plate material 18 with the flexible film 17 into a processing station;
step two: the moving device control system 4 controls the blank holder 14 to compact the plate 18;
step three: the central control processor 3 controls the pulse power supply 2 to work, corrects electrical parameters according to the reading of the oscilloscope 1, and keeps the calculated effective current density at 10-15A/mm2Measuring the temperature of a position needing to be impacted of the plate material 18 by using an infrared thermometer, and keeping the temperature at 120-160 ℃;
step four: the central control processor 3 controls the mobile device control system 4, and the mobile device control system 4 controls the male die 13 to perform downward stamping;
step five: when the male die 13 is about to touch the sheet material 18, the central control processor 3 controls the laser power supply 5 to work, the laser beam 12 passes through the external light path, the total reflection mirror 7 and the light spot adjusting device 8, is converted into an annular laser beam through the convergent lens 9, the conical concave lens 10 and the conical convex lens 11, and irradiates the sheet material 18 with the flexible adhesive film 17 through the conical curved surface reflector 19;
step six: the central control processor 3 controls the laser power supply 5 to change laser parameters such as the laser pulse width of 4 ns-20 ns, the energy of 0-100J, the beam diameter of 0.2-20 mm and the like to adjust the impact pressure, and the generated laser-induced shock wave acts on the workpiece to form the workpiece; the central control processor 2 controls the moving device control system 4, and the moving device control system 4 controls the conical convex lens 11, so that the diameter of the annular laser is changed, and the laser impact position is adjusted. Meanwhile, the central control processor 3 controls the mobile device control system 4, and the mobile device control system 4 controls the male die 13 to continue to punch downwards;
step seven: and after the punching is finished, the central control processor 3 controls the pulse power supply 2 and the laser power supply 5 to stop working, the male die 13 moves upwards to move out of the processing station, and the formed workpiece is taken out.
In the invention, the calculated effective current density is kept at 10-15A/mm2And when the temperature reaches 120-160 ℃, drawing and forming are carried out while laser shock forming is carried out, so that the forming capability of drawing and forming of the plate is improved, the incompatibility of the forming time of laser shock forming and electric auxiliary forming is overcome, and the efficiency of laser shock forming is improved. The invention can be used for drawing and forming of plates which are difficult to form.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The electro-plasticity assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device is characterized by comprising a laser impact device, a die deep drawing device and a pulse current control device, wherein the pulse current control device is used for electrifying and plasticizing a plate material (18) in processing; the plate (18) is arranged in the die drawing device, the die drawing device is used for forming the plate (18), and the laser impact device is used for carrying out auxiliary processing on the plate (18) by changing the transmission path of laser; specifically, laser reflected by a conical surface reflector (19) of the laser impact device is irradiated on a plate material (18) through a convex die end cover (20) in the stamping die drawing device, and the plate material (18) is subjected to laser processing and convex die forming processing.
2. The electro-plastic assisted laser shock deep drawing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser shock device comprises a pulse laser (6), a total reflection mirror (7), a light spot adjusting device (8), a converging lens (9), a conical concave lens (10), a conical convex lens (11) and a conical curved surface reflector (19); laser beams emitted by the pulse laser (6) are reflected by the total reflection mirror (7), are adjusted by the light spot adjusting device (8), are converged by the converging lens (9), are converted into annular laser beams through the conical concave lens (10) and the conical convex lens (11), and finally irradiate the plate (18) through the conical curved surface reflection mirror (19) arranged on the stamping die drawing device to form a workpiece.
3. The electro-plastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the die deep drawing device comprises a punch (13), a blank holder (14), a die (16) and a punch end cover (20); the male die (13) and the female die (16) form a group of modules for forming the plate; during forming, the plate (18) is arranged between the male die (13) and the female die (16), and two sides of the plate (18) are positioned through the blank holders (14).
4. The electro-plastic assisted laser shock deep drawing forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the top end of the male die (13) is a male die end cover (20); the conical curved surface reflector (19) is arranged above the convex mould end cover (20).
5. The electro-plastic assisted laser shock deep drawing apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the punch end cover (20) is made of a perm plate made of a high hardness polycarbonate material.
6. The electro-plastic assisted laser shock deep drawing forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper surface of the plate (18) is covered with a flexible film (17).
7. The electro-plasticity assisted laser shock deep drawing forming device according to claim 3, wherein the pulse current control device comprises an oscilloscope (1), a pulse power supply (2) and a copper electrode (15); the copper electrode (15) is embedded between the blank holder (14) and the female die (16), and the oscilloscope (1) is used for monitoring the current and the voltage in the plate material (18).
8. The electro-plastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the parameters of the pulse power supply (2) comprise an output working frequency of 50-800 Hz, an output voltage of 10-140V, a maximum pulse peak value of not less than 5000A and a pulse width of 10-100 μ s.
9. The working method of the electro-plastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the central control processor (3) controls the pulse power supply (2) to work, and corrects the electrical parameters according to the reading of the oscilloscope (1); keeping the calculated effective current density J at 10-15A/mm2；
If the pulse power supply (2) selects the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse current, then
Figure FDA0003361652210000021
If the pulse power supply (2) selects rectangular pulse current, then
Figure FDA0003361652210000022
Wherein, J (A/mm)2): the effective value current density of the workpiece; i (A): an effective value of the workpiece current; i ism(A) The method comprises the following steps The maximum peak value of the pulse current; t (Hz): the pulse power supply outputs working frequency; s (mm)2): the cross-sectional area of the workpiece; t is ti(s) pulse width of the pulse current;
step two: measuring the temperature of a position needing to be impacted of the plate material (18) by using an infrared thermometer, wherein the temperature of the plate material (18) is kept at 120-160 ℃;
step three: the central control processor (3) controls the mobile device control system (4), and the mobile device control system (4) controls the male die (13) to punch downwards;
step four: when the male die (13) is about to touch the plate (18), the central control processor (3) controls a laser power supply (5) to work, a laser beam (12) passes through a total reflection mirror (7) and a light spot adjusting device (8) through an external light path, is converted into an annular laser beam through a converging lens (9), a conical concave lens (10) and a conical convex lens (11), the size of impact pressure is adjusted by changing laser parameters, the plate (18) with the flexible film (17) is irradiated through a conical curved surface reflection mirror (19), and a laser-induced impact wave effect is generated to shape a workpiece;
step five: the central control processor (3) controls the mobile device control system (4), and the mobile device control system (4) controls the conical convex lens (11) so as to change the diameter of the annular laser and adjust the laser impact position;
step six: the mobile device control system (4) controls the punch (13) to carry out the punching process, and simultaneously carries out laser shock forming and electric auxiliary forming; after the punching is finished, the central control processor (3) controls the pulse power supply (2) to stop working, and meanwhile, the central control processor (3) controls the laser power supply (5) to adjust laser parameters to perform laser shock strengthening on the formed part.
10. The working method of the electro-plastic assisted laser impact deep drawing forming device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the laser pulse width is 4 ns-20 ns, the laser energy is 0-100J, and the laser beam diameter is 0.2-20 mm.
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CN114686676B (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-04-07 江苏大学 Method for real-time coupling strengthening of electric pulse and laser shock wave
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CN101269440A (en) * 2008-04-03 2008-09-24 江苏大学 Laser impact tiny bulk forming method and apparatus for tiny apparatus
CN101332538A (en) * 2008-07-30 2008-12-31 山东大学 Sheet laser micro-drawing forming method and device with synchro heating
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