CN111820046A - PV/T Shade Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The PV/T shading device aims to realize conversion and utilization of light and heat and photoelectricity while shading a greenhouse, eliminate contradiction conflict between crop photosynthesis and photovoltaic power generation and improve crop growth conditions, and comprises a support frame, a PV/T plate, an iron ring, a screw rod sleeve, a rope ring, a pull rope, a transmission device, a temperature sensor, a sunshine intensity meter, a flow meter, a valve, a water pump, a heat storage box, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a three-way valve, a storage battery, a controller, an inverter, an alternating current load and a direct current load. The temperature sensor monitors indoor temperature change in real time, the shading area is adjusted in a mode that the PV/T devices on the two sides of the keel extend and contract, and meanwhile, the function of converting a part of PV/T into electric energy and heat energy is achieved. The greenhouse shading device has the advantages that the greenhouse shading can be realized, the photoelectric and photo-thermal conversion and utilization are realized, the fluctuation range of indoor temperature and humidity changes is reduced, and a good growth environment is provided for indoor crop growth.

Description

PV/T Shade Device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouses, in particular to a PV/T shading device.

Background technique

In the traditional agricultural greenhouse industry, the problem of "temperature rise and heat preservation", power supply problem, efficiency problem, etc., has always been the key problem to be solved by farmers. Especially in northwestern my country, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the indoor temperature fluctuation is too large, which seriously affects the growth and development of indoor crops. With the advent of photovoltaic systems in the greenhouse industry, the reliance on fossil fuels has been greatly reduced. Reasonable shading and power generation can be achieved at the same time in a greenhouse configured with photovoltaics.

Shading of the greenhouse reduces solar radiation in the greenhouse, thereby reducing the internal air temperature and relative humidity. Solve the problem of excessive indoor temperature rise. In addition, energy can be saved by reducing the power consumed by cooling loads. However, shading by arranging fixed photovoltaic modules on greenhouse roofs or roofs can conflict with the sunlight requirements of crops for photosynthesis, and shade densities exceeding 40% during winter or cloudy days can reduce flowering and yield.

The name of the Chinese invention patent is: an automatic expansion device and method for a greenhouse sunshade net, the application number is: CN201811292994, the utility model discloses an automatic expansion device and method for a greenhouse sunshade net, the system is composed of a greenhouse support frame, It is composed of baffle, automatic expansion mechanism and sunshade net. The system realizes the automatic operation and management of sunshade net according to the light requirements of different crops, reduces the labor intensity of manual operation, and improves the high yield of crops. But there are also some shortcomings: automatic management increases the cost of electricity, which is not suitable for remote rural areas, and it only provides simple shading for the greenhouse, and does not achieve both shading and energy utilization; Weathering and extensive use result in waste of resources. The Chinese invention patent name is: A flexible photovoltaic sunshade and electricity storage integrated device and a photothermal utilization system, and the application number is: CN201910670990. The invention discloses a flexible photovoltaic sunshade and electricity storage integrated device and a photothermal utilization system. The system Including flexible PV/T solar panels, flexible heat pipes, heat conduction blocks and hot water collection pipes, etc., the system realizes the conversion and utilization of light, heat and photoelectricity while shading. However, there are gaps in the application of PV/T integration technology in greenhouses, and measures should be taken according to local conditions. When the PV/T panel is fixed on the roof or the roof generates electricity and heat, it will also generate fixed indoor shadows, which will affect the quality and yield of indoor crops.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the invention is to realize the conversion and utilization of light, heat and photoelectricity while shading the greenhouse, and to eliminate the conflict between crop photosynthesis and photovoltaic power generation, and to improve the growth conditions of crops.

The present invention is a PV/T shading device, each set of PV/T shading devices includes a support frame 1, which is welded and fixed on a keel 11, and a second iron ring 27 is welded at one end, and a solar intensity meter 10 is fixed on the keel 11. , PV/T board 2, a frame is arranged at the centerline of the back of the PV/T board 2, the second iron ring 27 is welded, the internal pipe 3, the PV/T board 2 and the support frame 1 are passed through the first The second iron ring 27 is connected to the first iron ring 5, the pull rope 8 is connected to the rope ring 6, and the pull rope 8 is connected to the transmission device 7; in the solar thermal system, the heat storage tank 12 is connected to the water inlet pipe 18 and the water outlet pipe 19, so The water pipe is equipped with a second valve 15, a third valve 16, a first three-way valve 20 and a second three-way valve 21; the flowmeter 13 is connected to the first valve 14 to measure the working fluid flow of the heat storage tank 12, and the water inlet pipe 18 is connected to The pump 17, the temperature sensor 9 are suspended indoors; in the photovoltaic system, the controller 23, the controller 23 is connected to the battery 22, the DC load 26, the PV/T board 2 and the inverter 24, the inverter 24 is connected AC load 25.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Combined with the PV/T system, the function of converting PV/T into heat energy and electric energy is realized while shading the greenhouse. 2. The present invention realizes the dynamic shading of the greenhouse, that is, according to the change of indoor temperature, changing the shading area, effectively alleviating and reducing the influence of indoor shading (caused by the fixed placement of photovoltaic arrays on the roof or roof) on crop quality and yield.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a simple schematic diagram of the greenhouse structure applied by the present invention, the reference numerals and corresponding names are: support frame 1, PV/T board 2, built-in pipeline 3, screw rod sleeve 4, first Iron ring 5, rope ring 6, transmission device 7, pull rope 8, temperature sensor 9, pyranometer 10, keel 11, heat storage tank 12, flow meter 13, first valve 14, second valve 15, third valve 16, pump 17, water inlet pipe 18, water outlet pipe 19, first three-way valve 20, second three-way valve 21, battery 22, controller 23, inverter 24, AC load 25, DC load 26, second iron Ring 27.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention is a PV/T shading device. Each set of PV/T shading devices includes a support frame 1, which is welded and fixed on the keel 11, and a second iron ring 27 is welded at one end. On the keel 11 are fixed the pyranometer 10, the PV/T board 2, a frame is arranged at the centerline of the back of the PV/T board 2, the second iron ring 27 is welded, and the inner pipe 3 is used. The plate 2 is connected to the support frame 1 through the second iron ring 27 and the first iron ring 5, the pull rope 8 is connected to the rope ring 6, and the pull rope 8 is connected to the transmission device 7; in the solar thermal system, the heat storage tank 12 is connected The water inlet pipe 18 and the water outlet pipe 19 are equipped with the second valve 15, the third valve 16, the first three-way valve 20 and the second three-way valve 21; the flow meter 13 is connected to the first valve 14 to measure the heat storage tank 12 The flow rate of the working fluid, the water inlet pipe 18 is connected to the pump 17, and the temperature sensor 9 is suspended indoors; in the photoelectric system, the controller 23 is connected to the battery 22, the DC load 26, the PV/T board 2 and the inverter. 24. The inverter 24 is connected to the AC load 25.

The present invention can convert solar radiation 29 into about 6%-22% of electric energy 31 and 30%-67% of thermal energy 30 while shading the greenhouse. In addition, when the indoor temperature is too high during the day, the heat storage tank 12 acts as a heat absorbing body, absorbing the heat of the surrounding environment; at night, it acts as a heat radiating body, increasing the indoor temperature by means of heat dissipation.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first iron ring 5 is welded on the frame at the center line of the back of the PV/T board 2, and the PV/T plate 2 passes through the first iron ring 5 and the second iron ring 27 through the screw rod sleeve 4 The /T plate 2 is connected with the support frame 1 as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the solar radiation energy is converted into electric energy and thermal energy respectively by connecting the storage battery 22 and the heat storage tank 12 in the process of shading by using the PV/T panel 2 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission device 7 can be replaced by a motor to control and drive the pull rope 8 to stretch and contract the PV/T device, and this process can also be controlled by a PLC circuit.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the drawstring 8 pulls the PV/T board 2 to stretch and contract around the support frame 1 within a range of 0° to 90°.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in the PV/T panel 2 , the photovoltaic cells are monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon thin film cells.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support frame 1 is welded on the greenhouse keel 11, the second iron ring 27 is welded to the cross bar at one end, and a frame is arranged at the centerline of the back of the PV/T board 2, and the first iron ring 5 is welded. The screw rod sleeve 4 passes through the first iron ring 5 on the back of the PV/T board 2 and the iron ring at the end of the support frame 1, and connects the PV/T board 2 with the bracket 1, so that it rotates around the shaft. The first valve 14 is opened, and the working medium enters the heat storage tank 12. The flow meter 13 is arranged in the pipeline of the heat storage tank 12. The water inlet pipe 18 is connected to the pump 17, and the water inlet pipe 18 is equipped with a first three-way valve. 20. The working medium is transported into the pipeline 3 and the pipeline 28. The pump 17 drives the working medium to circulate and absorb the heat near the photovoltaic components, increasing the temperature of the heat storage tank 12, and at the same time, it can reduce the surface temperature of the photovoltaic components and improve the photovoltaic efficiency. During the illumination process, the photovoltaic modules on the surface of the PV/T panel 2 convert the PV/T into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect and store it in the storage battery 22. The storage battery 22 is connected to the controller 23 and the DC load 26, and the control controller 23 can effectively Prevent the battery 22 from being overcharged and overdischarged. In order to facilitate the user's needs, an inverter 24 is connected to the circuit, and the inverter 24 converts the direct current into the alternating current required by the user, and directly inputs the alternating current load 25 .

The PV/T board 2 stores the input energy (solar radiation) of the system into the heat storage tank 12 and the battery 22 in the form of heat energy and electrical energy, respectively. An iron ring 5 is passed through the first iron ring 5 and the second iron ring 27 on the cross bar of the support frame 1 through the screw rod sleeve 4 to fix the PV/T board 2 on the support frame 1 and make it around the support frame 1 The cross bar is inclined in the range of 0° to 90°, and the pull rope 8 connecting the rope ring 6 is pulled by the transmission device 7 to realize shade in different areas. The support frame 1 is distributed on both sides of the keel 11, above the keel 11 Install a pyranometer 10 to measure and monitor indoor solar radiation. The thermal storage tank 12 is connected to the PV/T board 2 through the water inlet pipe 18 and the water outlet pipe 19, the thermal storage tank is connected to the flow meter 13, the working medium is input to the thermal storage tank by opening the first valve 14, the second valve 15 is connected to the pump 17, The pump 17 is connected to the first three-way valve 20, and the second three-way valve 21 is connected to the water outlet pipe 19 to drive the working fluid to circulate and exchange heat in the system. The battery 22 is connected to the PV/T board 2 for electrical energy storage, and is connected to the controller 23 in order to prevent the battery 22 from being overcharged and over-discharged. The DC power is converted into AC power and input to the AC load terminal 25 .

The driving device 7 for pulling the pulling rope 8 to extend and contract may be a motor.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several equivalent replacements and improvements can be made. These equivalent replacements and Improvements should also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The PV/T shading device is characterized in that each PV/T shading device group comprises a support frame (1), the support frame is welded and fixed on a keel (11), an iron ring (27) is welded at one end of the support frame, a sunshine intensity meter (10) and a PV/T plate (2) are fixed on the keel (11), a frame is arranged at the central line of the back of the PV/T plate (2), a second iron ring (27) is welded, an inner pipeline (3) is arranged, the PV/T plate (2) and the support frame (1) are connected with a first iron ring (5) through the second iron ring (27) by utilizing a screw rod sleeve (4), a rope ring (6) is connected with a pull rope (8), and the pull rope (8) is connected with a transmission device (7); in the photo-thermal system, a heat storage box (12) is connected with a water inlet pipe (18) and a water outlet pipe (19), and a second valve (15), a third valve (16), a first three-way valve (20) and a second three-way valve (21) are arranged on the water pipe; the flowmeter (13) is connected with a first valve (14) to measure the working medium flow of the heat storage tank (12), the water inlet pipe (18) is connected with a pump (17), and the temperature sensor (9) is hung indoors; in the photovoltaic system, a controller (23), the controller (23) is connected with a storage battery (22), a direct current load (26), a PV/T panel (2) and an inverter (24), and the inverter (24) is connected with an alternating current load (25).
2. 2. The PV/T shade device according to claim 1, wherein: a first iron ring (5) is welded on a frame at the central line of the back of the PV/T plate (2), and the PV/T plate (2) and the support frame (1) are connected into a whole through a screw rod sleeve (4) passing through the first iron ring (5) and the second iron ring (27).
3. 3. The PV/T screening arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the PV/T panels (2) are used to convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy and thermal energy, respectively, during screening by connecting batteries (22) and thermal storage tanks (12).
4. 4. The PV/T screening device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission means (7) can be replaced by an electric motor for controlling the driving of the pulling rope (8) for stretching and retracting the PV/T device, which process can also be controlled by the PLC circuit.
5. 5. The PV/T screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulling string (8) pulls the PV/T panel (2) to extend and contract around the support frame (1) within a range of 0 ° to 90 °.
6. 6. The PV/T screening arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the PV/T panels (2) are of monocrystalline silicon, or polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon thin film cells.

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