CN111817572B - 一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统 - Google Patents

一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统 Download PDF

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CN111817572B
CN111817572B CN202010699050.9A CN202010699050A CN111817572B CN 111817572 B CN111817572 B CN 111817572B CN 202010699050 A CN202010699050 A CN 202010699050A CN 111817572 B CN111817572 B CN 111817572B
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CN111817572A (zh
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陈桂鹏
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Xiamen University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584Bidirectional converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,涉及电力电子领域。由N个电压型端口,N‑1个电容及2N‑1个磁耦合子模块组成;电压型端口V1~VN负极相连共地;电容Ci(i=1,2,…,N‑1)的两端分别与V1和Vi+1的正极相连;磁耦合子模块Ai并联在电容Ci两端,磁耦合子模块Bj(j=1,2,…,N)与电压型端口Vj并联连接;磁耦合子模块A1~AN‑1和B1~BN,通过变压器绕组相互耦合实现功率自由传输,每个磁耦合子模块由开关管、二极管、电感、电容及变压器绕组组成。降低子模块设计功率、提高系统工作效率;可得到不同结构多端口直流变换系统;通过设置不同电容的电压极性可得灵活多样的端口电压关系。

Description

一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电子技术领域,尤其是涉及可有效提高多端口直流系统的功率变换效率与功率密度的一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统。
背景技术
为了提高功率变换效率,研究人员提出了一种部分功率变换二端口直流变换结构([1]J.Zhao,K.Yeates and Y.Han."Analysis of high efficiency DC/DC converterprocessing partial input/output power,"2013 IEEE 14th Workshop on Control andModeling for Power Electronics(COMPEL),Salt Lake City,UT,2013,pp.1-8.),包含两个电压型端口、一个隔离型二端口直流变换器以及一个变比为1:1的虚拟旁路变换器。将隔离型二端口直流变换器与虚拟旁路变换器的一端并联在左侧电压型端口上,另一端串联后与右侧电压型端口相连。在此结构下,当功率在两个电压型端口间传输时,一部分功率将通过虚拟旁路变换器进行直接传输,效率近似为1;仅剩余部分功率需通过隔离型二端口直流变换器进行传输,效率为η(η<1)。由于不是全部功率都经过隔离型二端口直流变换器进行变换,因而变换器的设计功率降低、系统的整体变换效率大于η。类似的,令二端口直流变换器与虚拟旁路转换器的一端在右侧电压型端口并联、另一端在左侧端口串联,即可得到对偶的结构。然而,在多端口直流系统中,虽然在任意两个端口之间都采用一个上述二端口直流变换结构可实现不同端口间的部分功率变换,但是随着端口数量的增加所需变换器的数量增多,将导致较大的系统成本与体积,系统功率密度随之降低。因此,在多端口直流系统中还需进一步研究能够实现部分功率变换且具备高功率密度的方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供可有效提高多端口直流系统的功率变换效率与功率密度的一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统。
本发明由N个电压型端口V1~VN,N-1个电容C1~CN-1及2N-1个磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN组成;电压型端口V1~VN负极相连共地;Ci(i=1,2,…,N-1)的两端分别与V1和Vi+1的正极相连;磁耦合子模块Ai并联在电容Ci两端,磁耦合子模块Bj(j=1,2,…,N)与电压型端口Vj并联连接;磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN,通过变压器绕组相互耦合实现功率自由传输,每个磁耦合子模块由开关管、二极管、电感、电容及变压器绕组组成,包括典型磁耦合隔离型多端口直流变换器中的子模块,如有源全桥模块。
所述磁耦合子模块B1~BN中的部分磁耦合子模块可删去,仅需保证至少保留一个此类模块,即可实现不同端口间的部分功率变换。
所述电容Ci及其并联子模块Ai的两端除了连接于电压型端口V1、Vi+1的正极之外,在保证任意电压型端口V1~VN的正极至少与一个电容及其并联子模块相连的情况下,还可连接于其余不同的两个电压型端口的正极。
所述电容Ci两端相连的两个电压型端口自身并联有电容时,电容Ci可被省去。
所述电压型端口V1~VN,可以为电源、负载或功率双向的储能单元。
本发明有效降低了子模块的设计功率、提高了系统的工作效率;此外,在保证每一个电压型端口的正极都至少与一个电容相连的前提下改变电容及其并联子模块的连接位置,可得到不同结构的此类多端口直流变换系统;进一步地,通过设置不同电容的电压极性可得到灵活多样的端口电压关系。因而,该部分功率变换多端口直流系统的功率密度大、工作效率高、系统结构多样、端口间电压关系灵活。本发明任意端口间均可实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统;N个电压型端口最少仅需N个磁耦合子模块,因此具备高功率密度优点;此外,改变磁耦合子模块的连接方式与极性,还将获得多种不同的多端口直流结构及端口电压关系。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统示意图;
图2为图1中磁耦合子模块的示例1——多有源全桥子模块结构示意图;
图3为图1中实现部分功率变换的三端口直流变换系统结构1示意图;
图4为图3中实现部分功率变换的三端口直流变换系统实例1示意图;
图5为图3中实现部分功率变换的三端口直流变换系统实例2示意图;
图6为图1中实现部分功率变换的四端口直流变换系统结构1示意图;
图7为图1中实现部分功率变换的四端口直流变换系统结构2示意图;
图8为图1中实现部分功率变换的五端口直流变换系统结构1示意图;
图9为图1中实现部分功率变换的五端口直流变换系统结构2示意图;
图10为图1中实现部分功率变换的五端口直流变换系统结构3示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更加清楚地解释本发肯所述一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,以下实施例将结合附图及对本发明系统的原理及衍生进行详细说明;值得注意的是,此处所描述的具体实例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,它由N个电压型端口V1~VN、N-1个电容C1~CN-1以及2N-1个磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN构成。其中,电压型端口V1~VN可为电源、负载或功率双向的储能单元,V1~VN的负极相连共地,V1的正极同时连接所有电容C1~CN-1的一端,而Ci(i=1,2,…,N-1)的另一端则分别与Vi+1的正极相连;每个电容Ci与磁耦合子模块Ai并联连接,每个电压型端口Vj(j=1,2,…,N)与磁耦合子模块Bj并联连接。磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN可由开关管、二极管、电感、电容及变压器绕组组成,它们通过变压器绕组相互耦合实现功率传输。由于不同电压型端口V1~VN经由磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1进行连接,它们之间的部分功率传输可复用这些模块,有效降低了子模块的设计功率、提高了系统的工作效率;此外,在保证每一个电压型端口V1~VN的正极都至少与一个电容相连的前提下改变电容Ci及其并联子模块Ai的连接位置,可得到不同结构的此类多端口直流变换系统;进一步地,通过设置不同电容的电压极性可得到灵活多样的端口电压关系。
如图1所示,实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统包含N个电压型端口V1~VN,N-1个电容C1~CN-1以及2N-1个磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN;其中所有电压型端口V1~VN共地,每个电容Ci(i=1,2,…,N-1)的两端分别与电压型端口V1和Vi+1的正极相连,每个电容Ci与磁耦合子模块Ai并联连接,每个电压型端口Vj(j=1,2,…,N)与磁耦合子模块Bj并联连接。若电容Ci两端相连的两个电压型端口自身并联有电容时,则电容Ci可被省去。
图1中的磁耦合子模块A1~AN-1和B1~BN可由开关管、二极管、电感、电容及变压器绕组组成,包括典型的隔离型多端口直流变换器的子模块;如图2所示,图1中的2N-1个磁耦合子模块可以为多有源全桥直流变换器的子模块,每个子模块由4个开关管、1个谐振电感及一个变压器绕组组成,这些模块通过变压器绕组耦合传输功率,功率的传输方向可以是单向或双向。
此外,图1中的磁耦合子模块B1~BN可被部分删除,但需要至少保留一个此类模块,以保证部分功率变换多端口直流系统的正常运行。以三端口系统为例,在保证至少使用B1~B3中某一磁耦合子模块的前提下,通过改变B1~B3的数量可得到7种可能结构,分别是仅使用B1、B2、B3,同时使用B1B2、B1B3、B2B3,以及同时使用B1B2B3;图3给出了仅保留磁耦合子模块B1的情况。进一步地,将图2中多有源全桥直流变换器中的子模块代入图3中,即可衍生得到如图4所示的部分功率变换三端口直流变换系统实例1。除此之外,由于图4中磁耦合子模块A1、A2有一端相连,还可进一步复用元件成一个混合模块A,如图5所示。通过该复用后,系统的功率密度得以进一步提升。
进一步地,改变电容及其并联磁耦合子模块的连接位置还可得到不同结构的多端口直流变换系统;以带B1子模块的部分功率变换四端口直流系统为例,电容C1、C2、C3及其并联磁耦合子模块A1、A2、A3可以分别与(V1,V2)、(V1,V3)、(V1,V4)的正极相连(图6),或与(V1,V2)、(V2,V3)、(V3,V4)的正极相连(图7);以带B1子模块的部分功率变换五端口直流系统为例,电容C1、C2、C3、C4及其并联磁耦合子模块A1、A2、A3、A4可以分别与(V1,V2)、(V1,V3)、(V1,V4)、(V1,V5)正极相连(图8),或与(V1,V2)、(V2,V3)、(V3,V4)、(V3,V5)的正极相连(图9),或与(V1,V2)、(V2,V3)、(V3,V4)、(V4,V5)的正极相连(图10)。随着端口数量增多,相应的直流系统结构也越多。
除了结构多样化外,所提出的部分功率变换多端口直流系统还具有多样化的端口电压关系。以图3所示三端口直流变换系统为例,当电容C1、C2的极性皆为左负右正,得到电压关系V2<V1<V3;当C1、C2的极性分别为左正右负、左负右正,得到电压关系V2>V1、V1<V3;当C1、C2的极性分别为左负右正、左正右负,得到电压关系V2<V1、V1>V3
综上,本发明提出的部分功率变换多端口直流系统不仅具有功率密度大、工作效率高的优点,其端口间电压关系灵活可变、系统结构多样,可为实际应用提供大量性能优越的选择。

Claims (3)

1.一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,其特征在于由N个电压型端口V 1~V N,N-1个电容C 1~C N-1及2N-1个磁耦合子模块A 1~A N-1B 1~B N组成;电压型端口V 1~V N负极相连共地;C i 的两端分别与V 1V i+1的正极相连,其中i=1,2,…,N-1;磁耦合子模块A i 并联在电容C i 两端,磁耦合子模块B j 与电压型端口V j 并联连接,其中j=1, 2,…, N;磁耦合子模块A 1~A N-1B 1~B N,通过变压器绕组相互耦合实现功率自由传输,每个磁耦合子模块由开关管、二极管、电感、电容及变压器绕组组成,包括有源全桥典型隔离型多端口直流变换器中的子模块;
所述电容C i 及其磁耦合子模块A i 的两端除了连接于电压型端口V 1V i+1的正极之外,在保证任意电压型端口V 1~V N的正极至少与一个电容及其磁耦合子模块相连的情况下,还连接于其余不同的两个电压型端口的正极;所述电容C i 两端相连的两个电压型端口自身并联有电容时,电容C i 被省去。
2.如权利要求1所述一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,其特征在于所述磁耦合子模块B j 设有至少一个,即实现不同端口间的部分功率变换。
3.如权利要求1所述一种实现部分功率变换的多端口直流系统,其特征在于所述电压型端口V 1~V N,为电源、负载或功率双向的储能单元。
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