CN111817322A - Load balancing method and device based on energy storage and reactive compensation system in isolated network - Google Patents
Load balancing method and device based on energy storage and reactive compensation system in isolated network Download PDFInfo
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- CN111817322A CN111817322A CN202010566136.4A CN202010566136A CN111817322A CN 111817322 A CN111817322 A CN 111817322A CN 202010566136 A CN202010566136 A CN 202010566136A CN 111817322 A CN111817322 A CN 111817322A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1892—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
A load balancing method and a device based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network are provided, and the method comprises the following steps: when the load of the isolated network system rises suddenly, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively; when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops, the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the isolated network system are respectively absorbed through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system. According to the invention, different adjusting schemes are set according to the fluctuation condition of the load in isolated network operation, wherein the energy storage system and the reactive power compensation system are utilized to jointly undertake reactive power compensation during system load fluctuation, so that the long-term idle of the equipment capacity in the traditional mode is avoided, the total capacity of the reactive power compensation equipment is reduced, and the equipment has higher economical efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of operation control of an isolated network system, in particular to a load balancing method and device based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network.
Background
Modern energy storage systems are characterized by relatively high response speeds, which allow for both the generation and absorption of electrical energy, and in some cases, as a reactive power source in regulated power distribution systems. These functions enable the energy storage system to serve various roles within the islanding network, such as uninterrupted islanding power, stable frequency loads, and backup power. The characteristics of the energy storage system enable the traditional power system to be changed from a rigid system with certain elasticity from 'power generation-power transmission-power utilization', and the safety and reliability of isolated network operation are enhanced. As more and more enterprises invest and build factories in southeast Asia countries, the southeast Asia countries cannot connect power grids of a plurality of factories with national power grids due to special geographical conditions of the countries, and can only operate in an isolated power grid mode, and the operation stability of the isolated power grid is an important consideration index for investment and building factories in southeast Asia of an enterprise. And no mature technology can be adopted at present.
Because of the isolated network characteristic, load fluctuation has a great influence on the stability of the system, therefore, the existing reactive compensation system is often configured with the capacity required when the maximum load of the system fluctuates, the configuration mode makes the system have the surplus of the capacity in a long time under the general condition, as can be known from the condition of some Indonesia projects, the capacity of the reactive compensation system used for a long time is about 60% of the total capacity, the capacity of the energy storage system used for a long time is about 40% -60% of the total capacity, and the system is not economical, but if the cost is reduced by only reducing the capacities of the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system, the safety and stability of the isolated network are reduced, and the extreme load fluctuation is difficult to deal with.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical defects and technical drawbacks in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a load balancing method and apparatus based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid, which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems, and the specific scheme is as follows:
as a first aspect of the present invention, a load balancing method based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid is provided, where the method includes:
when the load of the isolated network system rises suddenly, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively;
when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops, the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the isolated network system are respectively absorbed through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system.
Further, when the load of the isolated grid system is suddenly increased, the compensation of the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated grid system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system is specifically as follows:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system, the energy storage system is in a discharging state at the moment, and S at the momentbessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarProviding reactive, simultaneous energy storage systemThe remaining capacity will provide some reactive power to supplement the capacity of the reactive compensation system.
Wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
Further, when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞Pbess, and△P>Sbesswhen the system is in use, the energy storage system outputs active power at maximum power, meanwhile, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThereby ensuring the stability of the system.
Further, when the load of the isolated grid system suddenly drops, the absorption of the excess reactive power and the excess active power of the isolated grid system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system is specifically as follows:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit is reduced in a mode of diffusing through the energy consumption device and the PCV valve, and the power consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve needs to meet the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power state of charge.
When Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is also absorbed by the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state at the moment;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set under the working condition, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
Further, when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
Further, the method further comprises a configuration mode that a reactive compensation system and an energy storage system respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power of the isolated network system, and the configuration mode specifically comprises the following steps:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition; alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, and the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
As another aspect of the present invention, a load balancing apparatus based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid is provided, where the apparatus includes a sudden-rise adjusting module and a sudden-fall adjusting module;
the sudden-rise adjusting module is used for respectively compensating reactive power and active power required by the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system is suddenly increased;
and the sudden drop adjusting module is used for respectively absorbing the excessive reactive power and active power of the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops.
Further, the boost adjustment module is specifically configured to:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system, the energy storage system is in a discharging state at the moment, and S at the momentbessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarReactive power is provided, and the remaining capacity of the energy storage system will provide some reactive power to supplement the capacity of the reactive power compensation system. In particular, when Δ P>SbessIn time, the energy storage system only outputs active power at the maximum power and needs system load shedding to ensureThe stability of the system is verified, and the load power thereof is required to satisfy delta Pload≥△P-Sbess；
Wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
Further, when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
Further, the dip regulation module is specifically configured to: when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit is reduced in a mode of diffusing through the energy consumption device and the PCV valve, and the power consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve needs to meet the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power state of charge.
When Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is also absorbed by the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state at the moment;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity under the working condition.
Wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
Further, when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
Further, the apparatus further comprises a configuration module; the configuration module is used for providing a configuration mode that the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power of the isolated network system, and the configuration mode specifically comprises the following steps:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition; alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, and the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the capacity of the reactive power compensation device and the energy storage device is reasonably configured and the capacity of the equipment is fully used in a reasonable active and reactive power distribution mode, so that the construction cost is optimized, the economy of isolated network operation is improved, and the problem of safety and stability reduction caused by insufficient capacity configuration of the reactive power compensation device and the energy storage device is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a load balancing method based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for load sudden increase of an isolated grid system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for sudden load drop of the isolated grid system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, as a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a load balancing method based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid, the method including:
when the load of the isolated network system rises suddenly, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively;
when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops, the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the isolated network system are respectively absorbed through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system.
As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the load of the isolated grid system is suddenly increased, the compensation of the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated grid system by the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively is specifically:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is arranged at the momentIn a discharge state, and S at that timebessActive power P that can be considered as the output of the energy storage systembessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessThe energy storage system is in a maximum power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarProviding reactive power, and simultaneously providing certain reactive power for the residual capacity of the energy storage system to supplement the capacity of the reactive power compensation system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessWhen the system is in use, the energy storage system outputs active power at maximum power, meanwhile, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThereby ensuring the stability of the system.
Wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the load of the isolated grid system suddenly drops, the absorbing of the reactive power and the active power respectively performed by the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system by the isolated grid system specifically includes:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state;
in the formula, delta Q and delta P are reactive power and active power which are required to be absorbed in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load reduction; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity of the energy storage system, S at this timebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit is reduced in a mode of diffusing through the energy consumption device and the PCV valve, and the power consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve needs to meet the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power state of charge.
When Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is also absorbed by the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state at the moment;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set under the working condition, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn time, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a mode of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive crankcase ventilation) valve, and the required consumption is reducedIs required to satisfy Δ Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a configuration mode is further provided in which the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively compensate for the reactive power and the active power of the isolated grid system, which is specifically as follows:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition (non-extreme working condition); alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the value range of the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
in the above embodiment, when both α and β take values of 0, it is equivalent to that no reactive compensation device is provided. When the load is sudden, the reactive compensation amount in the system is all born by the energy storage device, and under the condition of maintaining the active power generated by the unit unchanged, the balance of the isolated network system is realized by cutting off the load, and the working condition only appears in theory and does not exist actually; when the load suddenly drops, firstly, the active balance is maintained, the energy storage device mainly absorbs active power, and the active balance is realized by combining the energy consumption device and the PCV valve.
When both alpha and beta take values of 1, the values are equal to the total reactive power of the system when the reactive power compensation device is used for compensating the load fluctuation, and the energy storage device is used for compensating the total active power of the system when the load fluctuation.
The total cost is expressed according to the above configuration mode as:
Ctotal＝Cvar·Qvar+Cbess·Sbess+(1-α)(1-β)Closs(2)
in the formula, CtotalFor the total cost of the configuration; cvarThe cost required for a unit capacity of the reactive power compensation device; cbessThe cost per unit capacity of the energy storage device; clossThe cost is reduced for cutting load or using energy consumption device and PCV valve.
Formula (2) can be arranged according to formula (1) as:
according to the content in the formula (3), when the external condition is fixed, the optimal configuration mode suitable for the energy storage device and the reactive compensation device in the isolated network can be obtained by optimizing the objective function, the optimally-configured alpha and beta values can be obtained, and the economy of isolated network operation is improved.
As a second aspect of the present invention, a load balancing apparatus based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated grid is provided, where the apparatus includes a sudden-rise adjusting module and a sudden-fall adjusting module;
the sudden-rise adjusting module is used for respectively compensating reactive power and active power required by the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system is suddenly increased;
and the sudden drop adjusting module is used for respectively absorbing the excessive reactive power and active power of the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sudden-rise adjusting module is specifically configured to:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system, the energy storage system is in a discharging state at the moment, and S at the momentbessCan be regarded as the output of the energy storage system isWork power PbessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarReactive power is provided, and the remaining capacity of the energy storage system will provide some reactive power to supplement the capacity of the reactive power compensation system. In particular, when Δ P>SbessIn time, the energy storage system only outputs active power at the maximum power, and needs system load shedding to ensure the stability of the system, and the power of the load shedding needs to meet the requirement of delta Pload≥△P-Sbess；
When Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessOutputting active power to an energy storage system。
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dip regulation module is specifically configured to: when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state;
in the formula, delta Q and delta P are reactive power and active power which are required to be absorbed in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load reduction; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity of the energy storage system, S at this timebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessMaximum value of (d);
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit is reduced in a mode of diffusing through the energy consumption device and the PCV valve, and the power consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve needs to meet the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation quantity is provided by the reactive compensation system, S in this casebessOutput active power P of energy storage systembessAt maximum, the energy storage system is in a full power state of charge.
When Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is also absorbed by the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state at the moment;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set under the working condition, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessAt that time, since the sudden drop in load has exceeded the upper limit of the energy storage system's capacity, it will be dissipated through the energy consuming device and the PCV valveThe mode reduces the impact on the isolated network unit, and the consumed power of the isolated network unit needs to meet the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a configuration module; the configuration module is used for providing a configuration mode that the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power of the isolated network system, and the configuration mode specifically comprises the following steps:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition; alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the value range of the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
in the above embodiment, when both α and β take values of 0, it is equivalent to that no reactive compensation device is provided. When the load is sudden, the reactive compensation amount in the system is all born by the energy storage device, and under the condition of maintaining the active power generated by the unit unchanged, the balance of the isolated network system is realized by cutting off the load, and the working condition only appears in theory and does not exist actually; when the load suddenly drops, firstly, the active balance is maintained, the energy storage device mainly absorbs active power, and the active balance is realized by combining the energy consumption device and the PCV valve.
When both alpha and beta take values of 1, the values are equal to the total reactive power of the system when the reactive power compensation device is used for compensating the load fluctuation, and the energy storage device is used for compensating the total active power of the system when the load fluctuation.
The total cost is expressed according to the above configuration mode as:
Ctotal＝Cvar·Qvar+Cbess·Sbess+(1-α)(1-β)Closs(2)
in the formula, CtotalFor the total cost of the configuration; cvarThe cost required for a unit capacity of the reactive power compensation device; cbessThe cost per unit capacity of the energy storage device; clossThe cost is reduced for cutting load or using energy consumption device and PCV valve.
Formula (2) can be arranged according to formula (1) as:
according to the content in the formula (3), when the external condition is fixed, the optimal configuration mode suitable for the energy storage device and the reactive compensation device in the isolated network can be obtained by optimizing the objective function, the optimally-configured alpha and beta values can be obtained, and the economy of isolated network operation is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A load balancing method based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the load of the isolated network system rises suddenly, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively;
when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops, the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the isolated network system are respectively absorbed through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system.
2. The load balancing method based on the energy storage and reactive power compensation system in the isolated network according to claim 1, wherein when the load of the isolated network system is suddenly increased, the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system specifically:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system, and the energy storage system is in a full-power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarProviding reactive power, and simultaneously providing certain reactive power for the residual capacity of the energy storage system to supplement the capacity of the reactive power compensation system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessWhen the system is in use, the energy storage system outputs active power at maximum power, meanwhile, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThereby ensuring the stability of the system;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
3. The load balancing method based on the energy storage and reactive power compensation system in the isolated network according to claim 1, wherein when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops, respectively absorbing the reactive power and the active power which are added in the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system specifically comprises the following steps:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the reactive power and the active power which are output by the system;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit and the power delta P consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve are reduced in a mode of diffusing the energy consumption device and the PCV valveloss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system, and the energy storage system is in a full-power charging state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is absorbed by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set under the working condition, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
4. The method for balancing load based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network according to claim 3, wherein when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
5. The method for balancing load based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network according to claim 1, further comprising a configuration mode of providing a reactive power compensation system and an energy storage system to respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power of the isolated network system, specifically as follows:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition; alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, and the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
6. A load balancing device based on an energy storage and reactive power compensation system in an isolated network is characterized by comprising a sudden-rise adjusting module and a sudden-fall adjusting module;
the sudden-rise adjusting module is used for respectively compensating reactive power and active power required by the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system is suddenly increased;
and the sudden drop adjusting module is used for respectively absorbing the excessive reactive power and active power of the isolated network system through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system when the load of the isolated network system suddenly drops.
7. The load balancing device based on the energy storage and reactive power compensation system in the isolated power grid according to claim 6, wherein the sudden-rise adjusting module is specifically configured to:
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive power and the active power required by the isolated network system are respectively compensated through the reactive power compensation system and the energy storage system;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, the sudden rise of the load exceeds the upper limit provided by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network system is reduced by cutting off part of the load, and the power Delta P of the cut-off loadload≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system, and the energy storage system is in a full-power discharge state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is provided by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q output by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, the active power delta P required by the system is also provided by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn the working condition, the energy storage system provides active power to the system by power delta P, and the reactive compensation system provides active power by QvarProviding reactive power, and simultaneously providing certain reactive power for the residual capacity of the energy storage system to supplement the capacity of the reactive power compensation system;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIs the total capacity, P, of the energy storage systembessAnd outputting active power for the energy storage system.
8. The load balancing device based on energy storage and reactive power compensation system in isolated network according to claim 7, wherein when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required amount of reactive compensation is provided by the reactive compensation system.
9. The load balancing device based on the energy storage and reactive power compensation system in the isolated power grid according to claim 6, wherein the sudden drop adjustment module is specifically configured to: when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P≤SbessIn the working condition, the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively absorb the excessive reactive power and the excessive active power of the system, and the energy storage system is in a charging state;
when delta Q is less than or equal to Qvar，△P>SbessIn the working condition, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated grid unit and the power delta P consumed by the energy consumption device and the PCV valve are reduced in a mode of diffusing the energy consumption device and the PCV valveloss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system, and the energy storage system is in a full-power charging state;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P≤PbessIn the working condition, the reactive power exceeding the capacity of the reactive compensation system is absorbed by the energy storage system, and the reactive power Q absorbed by the energy storage systembess＝△Q-QvarMeanwhile, active power delta P required to be consumed by the system is also absorbed by the energy storage system;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessIn order to ensure the active balance of the system and avoid the overspeed danger of the generator set under the working condition, the energy storage system firstly ensures the absorption of active power by delta P and simultaneously absorbs the reactive power of the residual capacity;
when Δ Q > Qvar，△P＞PbessAnd Δ P>SbessIn the process, because the sudden drop of the load exceeds the upper limit which can be absorbed by the energy storage system, the impact on the isolated network unit is reduced in a manner of diffusing through an energy consumption device and a PCV (positive pressure control) valve, and the power required to be consumed meets the requirement of delta Ploss≥△P-SbessThe required reactive compensation amount is provided by a reactive compensation system;
wherein, the delta Q and the delta P are respectively reactive power and active power which are required to be compensated in the isolated network system and are caused by sudden load rise; qvarFor the total capacity of the reactive power compensation system, SbessIn order to be the total capacity of the energy storage system,Pbessand outputting active power for the energy storage system.
10. The load balancing device based on the energy storage and reactive power compensation system in the isolated power grid according to claim 6, characterized in that the device further comprises a configuration module; the configuration module is used for providing a configuration mode that the reactive compensation system and the energy storage system respectively compensate the reactive power and the active power of the isolated network system, and the configuration mode specifically comprises the following steps:
the maximum value of reactive power and active power required by sudden load change in the isolated network system is respectively delta Qmax、△PmaxThen, the formula of the configuration mode is:
in the formula, QvarThe total capacity of the reactive power compensation device; qbess、PbessRespectively the reactive power and the active power when the energy storage device works under the normal working condition; alpha and beta are respectively reactive and active setting coefficients, and the value range of the alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
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