CN111814290A - Method for identifying maximum paleo-stress direction in glide fracture development stage - Google Patents
Method for identifying maximum paleo-stress direction in glide fracture development stage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for identifying the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of development of sliding fracture, which comprises the following steps: finely explaining the sliding fracture, dividing a sliding fracture stacking and bulging section, a stacking and pulling section and a translation section, selecting a typical splicing section, identifying a local main stress direction, and establishing a stress field numerical simulation geological and mechanical model of the typical splicing section; loading the regional stress fields in different directions on the model within the direction range of the regional stress field of the sliding fracture; determining the direction of the maximum paleostress during the development stage of the glide-and-slide fracture. The method has the advantages that the maximum paleo-stress direction in the development period of the sliding fracture is identified by establishing the relationship between the secondary fracture trend in the sliding fracture splicing section and the corresponding regional stress field direction, and the method has important guiding significance for recognizing regional structure background, analyzing the cause and evolution of the sliding fracture, discussing the development rule of a fracture-crack system derived from different parts of the sliding fracture and controlling, storing and storing functions of the fracture-crack system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological structure analysis, in particular to a method for identifying the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of development of sliding fracture.
Background
The restoration of the ancient tectonic stress field is important for understanding the nature of tectonic movement in different geological periods and analyzing the cause of each tectonic deformation, and is also the foundation of tectonic restoration. However, as the ancient tectonic stress field is 'in the past', particularly for the superposed basins which are subjected to excessive tectonic movement, the mutual superposition of the deformation of the multiple tectonic movements, how to determine and identify the deformation of each tectonic movement, and how to accurately recover the stress field characteristics of each tectonic movement are always difficult problems in the field of tectonic recovery.
The existing ancient structural stress field direction recovery method mainly comprises a structural shape trace method, a micro-structural method, an ancient geomagnetic analysis method, a fault sliding data inversion method and the like. The structural trace method is mainly characterized in that the stress field direction of each structure in the development period is judged according to typical structural trends such as fracture, crack, fold and the like, and the relation between the combination of the typical structural trends and the main stress direction, but because the later structural motion is used for improving the early structural trace and the superposition of multi-stage structural deformation, a certain specific structure is not controlled by single stress, and therefore an error exists in the actual recovery process. The microstructure analysis method is mainly characterized in that the stress state of a certain point can be reflected according to the structural deformation of various microscopic scales, and the microstructure analysis method is combined with the macroscopic structure analysis to recover the direction of a structural stress field, and the method requires that a sample must be oriented. The ancient geomagnetic method is mainly characterized in that magnetic minerals in rocks can generate directional arrangement, recrystallization, toughness deformation and the like under the action of structural stress, so that anisotropy of rock magnetic susceptibility is caused, the ancient stress direction can be restored by utilizing the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility, but the magnetic minerals do not always exist. The fault sliding data inversion method is based on the theory that the motion direction of a fault sliding surface is parallel to the maximum shear stress direction of the fault surface (Jacques Angelier. technical analysis of fault slip data [ J ]. Journal of geographic Research: Solid Earth 89.(B7), 1984: 5835-5848), although the method is the most effective and widely used method for recovering the ancient structural stress field at present (Zhu Guang, naive peak, tension, etc.. the evolution of the extending direction of the fertile basin and the dynamics mechanism [ J ]. geological comment, 2011, 57 (2): 153-166), the method is based on a large amount of field sliding data measurement and cannot be applied to the ancient stress field recovery of the basin. In general, the existing ancient stress field direction recovery technology has use limitation, mainly qualitative recovery, and urgently needs to be overcome for quantitative recovery of the stress field direction in a certain key construction period of the underground basin.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for identifying the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of sliding fracture development, which comprises the following steps:
s1, finely explaining the sliding fracture according to three-dimensional seismic data, dividing a sliding fracture stacking and bulging section, a stacking and pulling section and a translation section based on strain characteristics, counting the advantage trend of secondary fracture in a splicing section between adjacent sections, selecting a typical splicing section, inverting the local stress state in the typical splicing section according to a stress-strain relation, and identifying the local main stress direction;
s2, establishing a stress field numerical simulation geological and mechanical model of the typical splicing section according to the geometric style, deformation characteristics and rock mechanical parameter experiment results of the splicing section;
s3, loading regional stress fields in different directions on the model in the range of the directions of the regional stress fields of the sliding fracture;
and S4, comparing the simulated local main stress direction of the splice section with the local main stress direction in the S1, and determining the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of sliding fracture development.
In one embodiment, step S1 includes:
s11, analyzing the geometric form and structural deformation characteristics of the sliding fracture according to the three-dimensional seismic data;
s12, determining the segmentation of the fracture and the splicing type between adjacent segments according to the geometric form and the structural deformation characteristics of the sliding fracture;
s13, counting the advantage trend of secondary fracture inside the splicing section, and selecting a typical splicing section;
and S14, according to the dominant trend of the secondary fracture inside the splicing section, combining stress-strain analysis, and inverting the local main stress direction inside the typical splicing section.
In one embodiment, step S2 includes:
s21, establishing a geometric model according to the splicing part, the splicing type and the geometric parameters of the typical splicing section;
and S22, combining the mechanical parameter test result of the sliding fractured surrounding rock with the geometric model, and establishing a simulated geological model.
In one embodiment, the geometric parameters described in step S21 include: the splice length and spacing of the sliding fractures.
In one embodiment, step S3 includes:
s31, determining the direction range of the regional stress field of the glide fracture in the developmental period according to the kinematics characteristics of the glide fracture;
s32, loading regional stress fields in different directions on the typical splicing section geological model in the stress field direction range;
and S33, simulating a local stress state in the typical splicing section according to the loaded regional stress field, and obtaining the local maximum main stress direction in the splicing section under the control of different regional stress fields.
In one embodiment, step S4 specifically includes: comparing the simulated local maximum principal stress direction with the local maximum principal stress direction in the step S1, and when the simulated local maximum principal stress direction is the same as the maximum principal stress direction, determining that the loaded regional stress field direction is the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the walking-sliding fracture development period.
In one embodiment, the splice pattern in step S12 includes: and (4) splicing, pulling and separating or splicing and pressing.
In one embodiment, in step S14:
in the splicing and pulling section, the direction of the horizontal maximum main stress is parallel to the trend of secondary fracture inside the splicing section;
in the overlapped pressing-on section, the horizontal minimum main stress direction is parallel to the trend of secondary fracture inside the overlapped section.
In one embodiment, the mechanical parameters in step S22 include: modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, density, and internal coefficient of friction.
In one embodiment, the kinematic characteristics of the step S31 include: the arrangement pattern of adjacent sections of the sliding fractures and the sliding direction of the sliding fractures.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the maximum ancient stress direction in the development period of the sliding fracture is identified by establishing the relationship between the secondary fracture trend in the sliding fracture splicing section and the corresponding regional stress field direction, so that a foundation is provided for analyzing the cause of the sliding fracture, recovering the ancient landform and structural evolution and recognizing the regional structural background, and meanwhile, the method has important guiding significance for recognizing the development rule of a fracture system derived from other parts of the sliding fracture and discussing the storage control and storage control functions of the fracture system.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for identifying a direction of maximum paleo-stress during the developmental stage of glide-and-skid fracture in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a slip fracture plane interface segment in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a simulated geological model diagram of the stress field of the spliced section under different loading conditions in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the simulated maximum principal stress direction distribution inside the splice pull section in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a local maximum principal stress direction inside a splice section corresponding to a region-level maximum principal stress direction in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, wherein like parts are designated with like reference numerals, the drawings are drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for identifying the direction of the maximum paleo-stress during the development stage of the sliding fracture mainly comprises the following steps: finely analyzing the sliding fracture based on three-dimensional seismic data, dividing a sliding fracture stacking bulge section, a stacking pull section and a translation section according to structural deformation characteristics of different parts, and selecting a typical splicing section; counting the advantage trend of secondary fracture inside the splicing section, and inverting the local main stress direction inside the typical splicing section; according to the geometric form, the structural deformation characteristics and the mechanical experiment result of the splicing section, establishing a stress field numerical simulation geological model of a typical splicing section; loading regional stresses in different directions on a geological model within the direction range of a regional stress field for controlling the sliding fracture development, and simulating forward to obtain local main stress directions in corresponding splicing sections under different loading conditions; and comparing the simulated local main stress direction in the splicing section with the local main stress direction obtained by structural analysis and inversion, and determining the direction of the regional maximum paleo-stress in the sliding fracture development period.
Specifically, firstly, on the basis of the fine explanation of the high-precision three-dimensional earthquake, the segmentation and splicing patterns of the glide fracture are determined. The type of splice typically includes a splice crimp and a splice pull apart. Then, the dominant trend of the secondary fracture in the splicing section is counted, and the stress state of the splicing section is analyzed. Specifically, in the splicing and pulling section, the internal part is mainly a derivative development secondary normal fault, and the horizontal maximum principal stress sigma isHParallel to the fault trend; in the stacking and pressing segment, the inner part is mainly derived and developed secondary reverse fault, and the horizontal minimum principal stress sigmahParallel to the fault strike. According to the direction of its spreadAnd obtaining the direction of the horizontal maximum principal stress and the horizontal minimum principal stress for controlling the development of the strain. This method is prior art and will not be described in detail.
Then, among the different splice segments, a typical splice segment is selected as the object of the simulation. The typical splice section requires a clear secondary fracture spread and boundaries for subsequent analysis and study. And (4) according to the distribution direction of secondary fracture in the splicing section, combining mechanical mechanism analysis, and inverting the local stress state in the splicing section in the fracture development period. Further analyzing the splice segment, the objects of analysis including: the splicing type, splicing length and spacing of the broken splicing section boundary. And establishing a geometric model according to the splicing length and the splicing distance. And determining mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock and the fracture zone on the basis of a rock mechanical parameter test, wherein the mechanical parameters comprise: and (3) constructing a simulated geologic model of the typical splicing section according to the geometric model and the mechanical parameters, wherein the elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio, the density and the internal friction coefficient are adopted.
And then, analyzing the arrangement pattern of adjacent segments of the sliding fracture and the sliding direction of the sliding fracture according to the geometric pattern and the strain characteristics of the fracture analyzed in the first step. According to the arrangement type and the sliding direction of the adjacent segments of the sliding fracture, the approximate regional stress field direction range of the sliding fracture development period can be deduced.
Further, the local principal stress direction inside the splice section is being evolved by means of simulation. And in the direction range of the stress field analyzed in the last step, loading regional stresses in different directions on the geological model by using numerical simulation software. And continuously changing the loading direction of the regional stress, carrying out stress field numerical simulation, and calculating to obtain the internal local stress state of the typical splicing section. Generally, the range accuracy of the analytical stress field is 1 °, and to reduce the number of times of analog loading, the section is first loaded with regional stresses in different directions for each 5 ° or 10 ° change. After the simulation loading is finished, each region stress corresponds to local principal stress in one splicing section, and the horizontal maximum principal stress sigma is focusedHWith horizontal minimum principal stress σhIn the direction of (a). Then, a plurality of simulated local principal stress directions are compared withAnd comparing local main stress directions inverted according to the structural analysis, and selecting two regional stress loading directions which are closest to the main stress directions. In these two regions the stress direction range, the simulation is loaded again. At this time, the direction of loading of the regional stress is changed every 1 ° change. When the local main stress direction in the splicing section obtained by simulation after the regional stress is loaded is the same as the local main stress direction obtained by inversion according to the structural analysis, the loaded regional stress direction is the direction of the maximum main stress corresponding to the sliding fracture development period.
Example one
In this embodiment, a certain fracture in the south-bound region of the Tarim basin is taken as an example, and the method of the present invention is applied to analysis to identify the ancient structural stress field direction of the fracture main activity period.
Firstly, the walking and sliding fracture is finely explained based on three-dimensional seismic data, the geometric form and the structural deformation characteristic of the walking and sliding fracture are clarified, the segmentation of the walking and sliding fracture is determined, the splicing type is judged, and the splicing bump or the splicing and drawing part is determined. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a walk-slip fracture T7 4A geometric segmentation schematic of the interface. At T7 4The fracture at the interface can be divided into 4 sections from north to south, the first section and the second section are spread in left order, the second section and the third section are spread in right order, and the segment is respectively developed with overlap pull and overlap pressure, indicating that the fracture is at T7 4The interface has a left walking glide feature. The first section and the second section in the north part are in splicing and pulling segmentation, and the development series positive faults are averagely towards NW326 degrees, namely the direction of the maximum principal stress of the inner plane of the splicing section in the fracture development period.
And then constructing a stress field simulation geological model of the splicing section. The figure shows that the first section and the second section of the sliding fracture are overlapped to pull the internal structure of the subsection to be clear, and the overlapped section is selected as a simulation object. And establishing a geometric model according to a first section, a second section, a branch fracture splicing type (splicing and pulling segmentation), a splicing length (L is 4.2km) and a distance (D is 3.2 km). And then, a mechanical model is constructed by combining the test results (elastic modulus, Poisson ratio, density and internal friction coefficient) of rock mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock and the fracture zone (shown in the table 1).
TABLE 1
Further, the model is loaded with regional stresses in different directions. First, from the analysis result of the fracture kinematic characteristics, the fracture is left-hand walking sliding fracture, and it can be roughly estimated that the range of the maximum principal stress direction of the plane during fracture development is within the range of NW300 ° and NE30 °. In this range, the loading direction of the regional stress was changed at increments of 10 ° from NW300 °, a geological model map of the stress field simulation of the spliced section under different loading conditions was as shown in fig. 3 (three directions of NW360 °, NW340 °, and NW320 °), a stress field numerical simulation was performed, the change in the local horizontal maximum principal stress direction of the spliced section under different regional stress loading conditions was simulated as shown in fig. 4 and table 2, and the simulation result was compared with the internal horizontal maximum principal stress direction of the spliced section obtained by structure analysis inversion. Specifically, the comparison data are: the three-dimensional seismic data finely explain the inverted splicing-pulling subsection horizontal maximum principal stress direction: NW326 °.
TABLE 2
Simulation results show that when a NW340 ° zone stress is loaded, the local horizontal maximum principal stress direction of the splice is NW332 °, closest to NW326 °. Therefore, the range from NW330 to NW320 is locked. At this time, the region stress continues to be applied in the range of NW330 ° to NW320 ° in 1 ° increments. The results of the loading are shown in table 3 below, and the simulation resulted in a horizontal maximum principal stress direction in the overlap-and-pull segment of NW326 ° when loaded in the NW335 ° regional stress direction, which corresponds to the horizontal maximum principal stress direction determined by the structural analysis, as shown in fig. 5, and the fracture active period is described, with the regional maximum principal stress direction of NW335 °.
TABLE 3
From FIG. 1, it is observed that at T7 4The bottom of the fracture interface has a horsetail structure. By the horsetail structure, the direction of the maximum main stress of the region can be inverted. Here, the method is a method for constructing the maximum principal stress of an inversion region based on a horsetail, and the specific process is not described herein for the prior art.
The inversion result is shown in table 4, the inversion result of the horsetail structure is NW336 degrees, the contrast coincidence degree of the inversion result and the horsetail structure inversion method result reaches 99.7 percent, and the results are basically consistent, so that the accuracy of the inversion result of the method is verified.
TABLE 4
The method identifies the maximum ancient stress direction in the walking-sliding fracture development period by establishing the relationship between the secondary fracture trend in the walking-sliding fracture splicing section and the regional stress field direction, provides a basis for analyzing the cause of the walking-sliding fracture, recovering the ancient landform and the structural evolution and recognizing the regional structural background, and has important guiding significance for recognizing the development rule of a fracture-crack system derived from other parts of the walking-sliding fracture and discussing the storage control and storage control functions of the walking-sliding fracture.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily make changes or variations within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed, and such changes or variations should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of development of the glide slope fracture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, finely explaining the sliding fracture according to three-dimensional seismic data, dividing a sliding fracture stacking and bulging section, a stacking and pulling section and a translation section based on strain characteristics, counting the advantage trend of secondary fracture in a splicing section between adjacent sections, selecting a typical splicing section, inverting the local stress state in the typical splicing section according to a stress-strain relation, and identifying the local main stress direction;
s2, establishing a stress field numerical simulation geological and mechanical model of the typical splicing section according to the geometric style, deformation characteristics and rock mechanical parameter experiment results of the splicing section;
s3, loading regional stress fields in different directions on the model in the range of the directions of the regional stress fields of the sliding fracture;
and S4, comparing the simulated local main stress direction of the splice section with the local main stress direction in the S1, and determining the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the stage of sliding fracture development.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 includes:
s11, analyzing the geometric form and structural deformation characteristics of the sliding fracture according to the three-dimensional seismic data;
s12, determining the segmentation of the fracture and the splicing type between adjacent segments according to the geometric form and the structural deformation characteristics of the sliding fracture;
s13, counting the advantage trend of secondary fracture inside the splicing section, and selecting a typical splicing section;
and S14, according to the dominant trend of the secondary fracture inside the splicing section, combining stress-strain analysis, and inverting the local main stress direction inside the typical splicing section.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein step S2 includes:
s21, establishing a geometric model according to the splicing part, the splicing type and the geometric parameters of the typical splicing section;
and S22, combining the mechanical parameter test result of the sliding fractured surrounding rock with the geometric model, and establishing a simulated geological model.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the geometric parameters in step S21 include: the splice length and spacing of the sliding fractures.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein step S3 includes:
s31, determining the direction range of the regional stress field of the glide fracture in the developmental period according to the kinematics characteristics of the glide fracture;
s32, loading regional stress fields in different directions on the typical splicing section geological model in the stress field direction range;
and S33, simulating a local stress state in the typical splicing section according to the loaded regional stress field, and obtaining the local maximum main stress direction in the splicing section under the control of different regional stress fields.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein step S4 specifically comprises: comparing the simulated local maximum principal stress direction with the local maximum principal stress direction in the step S1, and when the simulated local maximum principal stress direction is the same as the maximum principal stress direction, determining that the loaded regional stress field direction is the direction of the maximum paleo-stress in the walking-sliding fracture development period.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the splice pattern in step S12 includes: and (4) splicing, pulling and separating or splicing and pressing.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S14:
in the splicing and pulling section, the direction of the horizontal maximum main stress is parallel to the trend of secondary fracture inside the splicing section;
in the overlapped pressing-on section, the horizontal minimum main stress direction is parallel to the trend of secondary fracture inside the overlapped section.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mechanical parameters in step S22 include: modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, density, and internal coefficient of friction.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the kinematic characteristics of the step S31 of the sweep break comprise: the arrangement pattern of adjacent sections of the sliding fractures and the sliding direction of the sliding fractures.
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