CN111813681A - Dynamic case priority ordering method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for sorting priorities of dynamic cases, which solve the problems of dependence on subjective consciousness of personnel and lack of objective data guidance during the current case priority sorting. To this end, the inventors provide the following: obtaining a high-frequency factor capable of representing the user access frequency based on the functional modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user log; identifying a use case related to code change and identifying a change code function simultaneously based on a code covering and dyeing way, thereby identifying and marking a change use case with a change risk meeting a preset standard from a use case set and obtaining a high risk factor capable of representing the change risk of the use case; and acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor acquired in the steps and a preset priority preference factor. Meanwhile, a dynamic priority ordering device for realizing the method is provided. The sorting process is based on objective data and objective operation, the priority sorting is accurate and efficient, the testing range is reduced, and the software product quality and the software testing efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer software, in particular to a method and a device for sequencing priorities of dynamic cases.
Background
In the software development and test process, along with the increase and adjustment of software functions, testers need to continuously increase and update new test cases, so that the scale of a test case set is continuously increased, and the cost of comprehensively executing the cases is gradually increased. When the software product is updated iteratively and quickly, the full execution of the use case in a short time becomes infeasible.
In order to reduce the execution cost of the test case and improve the risk identification efficiency and capability of the test case in the software updating process, people carry out a great deal of research work aiming at the use priority of the test case, and the purpose is to discover software defects more quickly and more.
With the rapid development of the internet, use cases based on risk levels and importance levels are continuously mentioned, and software projects are concerned about the introduction control of new problems and the continuous stabilization of important functions. In the actual software development project, the priority of a test case is usually selected by combining the requirement change and the importance degree of functions, and two common practice modes are provided, wherein one mode is to determine the corresponding priority according to the newly added or adjusted functions and the important functions of the software; one is to determine case priority by predicting the risk of finding a problem according to the understanding and experience of the tester to the business. The two types of prioritization methods are more or less based on the understanding and experience of testers for services, and are not based on risk-introducing identification and analysis of importance degree of software functions, and the priorities of different testers for sequencing can be greatly different and are difficult to automate.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a dynamic use case priority ranking scheme needs to be provided to solve the problems that the current use case priority ranking depends on subjective consciousness of personnel and lacks objective data guidance.
To achieve the above object, the inventor provides a dynamic case prioritization method, comprising the following steps:
obtaining a high-frequency factor capable of representing the user access frequency based on the functional modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user log;
identifying a use case related to code change and identifying a change code function simultaneously based on a code covering and dyeing way, thereby identifying and marking a change use case with a change risk meeting a preset standard from a use case set and obtaining a high risk factor capable of representing the change risk of the use case;
and acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor acquired in the steps and a preset priority preference factor.
Further, in the method for sorting priorities of dynamic use cases, the step of "obtaining a high-frequency factor that can characterize the user access frequency based on the functional modules involved in the test cases and the access volume data in the user log" specifically includes:
obtaining logs of user access modules, counting the access amount of users to each functional module, and obtaining the access amount V of the maximum access amount modulemax；
Marking the software function modules related to the test cases, and acquiring the access quantity of the user to the function modules related to the use cases and the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity module in the function modulescase_max；
The high frequency factor P capable of representing the user access frequencyvObtained according to the following formula: pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
Further, in the method for sorting priority of dynamic use cases, the step "identifying a use case related to code change based on a code overlay dyeing approach, and identifying a change code function, thereby identifying and marking a change use case whose change risk meets a preset standard from a use case set, and obtaining a high risk factor that can characterize the change risk of the use case" specifically includes:
executing the test case in an environment with a coverage rate statistic tool deployed so as to obtain a code line covered during code execution;
extracting and coloring code functions related to one or more use cases from code lines covered during the code execution;
comparing the codes before and after the change to obtain a code line of the software change;
acquiring a code change function according to the code function related to the use case and the code line of the software change;
obtaining high risk factor DcaseThe concrete mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
Further, in the dynamic use case prioritization method, the step of "extracting and coloring code functions related to one or more use cases from a code line covered during execution of the code" specifically includes: and defining keywords according to functions of the codes, extracting the functions from the code lines, and giving corresponding values to carry out dyeing marking.
Further, in the dynamic case priority ranking method, the step "obtaining case ranking priority parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor obtained in the above step and the preset priority preference factor" specifically includes:
the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of an interval of [0,1 ];
use case ordering priority parameter PcaseObtained according to the following formula: pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv。
The inventor also provides a dynamic case priority sequencing device, which comprises a high-frequency factor acquisition unit, a high-risk factor acquisition unit and a priority parameter acquisition unit;
the high-frequency factor acquisition unit is used for acquiring a high-frequency factor capable of representing user access frequency based on the function modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user logs;
the high risk factor acquisition unit is used for identifying the use cases related to code change and identifying the change code function based on a code coverage dyeing way, so that the change use cases with change risks meeting the preset standard are identified and marked from the use case set, and the high risk factor capable of representing the change risks of the use cases is obtained;
the priority parameter acquiring unit is used for acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factors acquired by the high-frequency factor acquiring unit, the high-risk factors acquired by the high-priority factor acquiring unit and preset priority preference factors.
Further, in the dynamic use case prioritization apparatus, the high-frequency factor obtaining unit includes a log obtaining module, an access amount obtaining module, and a use case function marking module, wherein:
the log acquisition module is used for acquiring a log of the user access module;
the access quantity obtaining module is used for counting the access quantity of the user to each functional module and obtaining the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity modulemax；
The case function marking module is used for marking the software function modules related to the test cases, and then the access quantity obtaining module is also used for obtaining the access quantity of the user to the function modules related to the use cases and the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity module in the function modules according to the software function modules related to the test cases marked by the case function marking modulecase_max；
The high-frequency factor acquisition unit acquires the high-frequency factor P capable of representing the user access frequency according to the following formulav：Pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
Furthermore, in the dynamic use case priority ranking device, the high risk factor acquiring unit comprises a code line acquiring module, a code function marking module, a change code acquiring module and a code change function acquiring module;
the code line acquisition module is used for executing a test case in an environment with a coverage rate statistic tool deployed so as to acquire a code line covered during code execution;
the code function marking module is used for extracting and dyeing and marking one or more code functions related to one or more use cases from a code line covered during the code execution;
the change code acquisition module is used for comparing codes before and after change and acquiring a code line of software change;
the code change function acquisition module is used for acquiring a code change function according to the code function related to the use case and the code line of the software change;
the high risk factor acquisition unit acquires a high risk factor D capable of representing the change risk of the use casecaseThe specific mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
Further, in the dynamic use case prioritization apparatus, the code function marking module "extracting and coloring the code function involved in marking one or more use cases from the code line covered during the execution of the code" specifically includes: and defining keywords according to functions of the codes, extracting the functions from the code lines, and giving corresponding values to carry out dyeing marking.
Furthermore, in the dynamic use case priority ranking device, the priority parameter obtaining unit obtains the use case ranking priority parameter PcaseThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of an interval of [0,1 ];
Pcaseobtained according to the following formula: pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv。
Different from the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention reversely identifies the use cases related to code change by using a use case-to-code overlay dyeing technology, and identifies the change code function by using a code management diff tool, so that the changed high-risk use cases are identified from a large number of use case sets. And determining a corresponding mark through the use case and software function module, and mapping the high-frequency use case used by the user by combining the user behavior statistical log on the software function. And weighting the high-risk and high-frequency cases, adding the high-risk and high-frequency cases, and automatically identifying and acquiring the priority sequence of the cases. The technical scheme has the following advantages:
firstly, the priority ranking of the use cases is an important method for improving the test quality and the test efficiency in the software project test. The case priority ordering in the current practice is difficult to be quantized or automated in detail depending on the experience of testers and the understanding of software services. The technology of the patent provides a feasible sustainable practical method for dynamically calculating the case priority through data, the dependence of the capability of testers is separated, and automatic sequencing and batch sequencing of the cases can be realized in a tool mode.
Secondly, the patent accords with the principle of sequencing the use case priority for most software project development based on the risk introduction and the access amount. The sorting process is based on objective data and objective operation, the priority sorting is more accurate and efficient, the testing range is narrowed, and the software product quality and the software testing efficiency are improved.
In addition, the method can be used as an auxiliary mode for accurately testing the software project based on the case priority sequence of code change. The method can be used for assisting in the formulation and implementation of a test scheme; the test case effectiveness is improved in an auxiliary mode; the low-contribution-degree use cases are eliminated in an auxiliary mode, and the effective reuse rate of the use cases is improved; auxiliary development, test problem reproduction and positioning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for dynamic case prioritization according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dynamic use case prioritization apparatus according to this embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a high frequency factor acquisition unit;
11-a log acquisition module; 12-an access quantity acquisition module; 13 use case function marking module
2-a high risk factor acquisition unit;
21-code line acquisition module; 22-code function marking module; 23-change code acquisition module;
24-code change function acquisition module
3-priority parameter acquisition unit.
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for dynamically sorting priorities of use cases, which includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a high-frequency factor capable of representing user access frequency based on the function modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user log;
s2, identifying the use cases related to code change based on the code covering and dyeing way, and identifying the change code function, thereby identifying and marking the change use cases with change risks meeting the preset standard from the use case set, and obtaining high risk factors capable of representing the change risks of the use cases;
and S3, acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor acquired in the above steps and a preset priority preference factor.
Further, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
s11, obtaining the log of user access module, counting the access volume of user to each function module, obtaining the access volume V of the maximum access volume modulemax(ii) a For example, there are n functional modules in total, and the access amount of each module is: vmod1，Vmon2,…,VmodnAnd order VmaxThe largest one is.
S12, marking the software function modules involved in the test case, and acquiring the access quantity of the user to the function modules involved in the case and the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity modulecase_max(ii) a Namely, V acquired in step S11mod1，Vmon2,…,VmodnIn the corresponding functional modules, a plurality of functional modules are related to the test case (m is set, obviously m is less than or equal to n), and the access number V of the functional modules related to the test case is selectedcase_mod1,Vcase_mod2,…,Vcase_modmAnd let V be the maximum onecase_max。
S13, high frequency factor P capable of representing user access frequencyvObtained according to the following formula: pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
Further, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
s21, executing the test case in the environment with the coverage rate statistic tool deployed, thereby obtaining the code line covered during the code execution;
s22, extracting and dyeing and marking one or more code functions related to the use case from the code lines covered during the code execution; specifically, keywords are defined according to functions of the codes, the functions are extracted from code lines, and corresponding values are given for dyeing and marking.
S23, comparing the codes before and after the change to obtain a code line of the software change;
s24, acquiring a code change function according to the code function related to the use case and the code line of the software change;
s25, obtaining a high risk factor DcaseThe concrete mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
Further, the manner of acquiring the use case sorting priority parameter in step S3 specifically includes: the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of [0, 1%]An interval; use case ordering priority parameter PcaseObtained according to the following formula: pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv. Wherein the parameter w takes the value [0, 1%]The interval represents the use case priority acquisition preference, the closer to 0, the more important risk introduction of the use case sequence is represented, and the closer to 1, the more important function importance of the use case sequence is represented, which is a parameter that can be determined by a concrete implementation operator.
The inventor also provides a dynamic case priority sequencing device, which comprises a high-frequency factor acquisition unit 1, a high-risk factor acquisition unit 2 and a priority parameter acquisition unit 3;
the high-frequency factor obtaining unit 1 is used for obtaining a high-frequency factor capable of representing user access frequency based on the function modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user logs;
the high risk factor acquiring unit 2 is used for identifying the use cases related to code change and identifying the change code function based on the code coverage dyeing way, so as to identify and mark the change use cases with change risks meeting the preset standard from the use case set and acquire high risk factors capable of representing the change risks of the use cases;
the priority parameter acquiring unit 3 is configured to acquire the use case sorting parameters based on the high-frequency factor acquired by the high-frequency factor acquiring unit 1, the high-risk factor acquired by the high-priority factor acquiring unit 2, and the preset priority preference factor.
Further, in the dynamic use case prioritization apparatus, the high-frequency factor obtaining unit 1 includes a log obtaining module 11, an access amount obtaining module 12, and a use case function marking module 13, where:
the log obtaining module 11 is configured to obtain a log of a user access module;
the access quantity obtaining module 12 is used for counting the access quantity of the user to each functional module, and obtaining the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity modulemax(ii) a For example, there are n functional modules in total, and the access amount of each module is: vmod1，Vmon2,…,VmodnAnd order VmaxThe largest one is.
The use case function marking module 13 is used for marking the software function modules related to the test cases, and then the access amount obtaining module 12 is further used for obtaining the access amount of the user to the function modules related to the use cases and the access amount V of the maximum access amount module in the access amount according to the software function modules related to the test cases marked by the use case function marking module 13case_max(ii) a That is, V acquired by the access amount acquisition module 12 beforemod1，Vmon2,…,VmodnIn the corresponding functional modules, a plurality of functional modules are related to the test case (m is set, obviously m is less than or equal to n), and the access number V of the functional modules related to the test case is selectedcase_mod1,Vcase_mod2,…,Vcase_modmAnd let V be the maximum onecase_max。
The high frequency factor obtaining unit 1 obtains the high frequency factor P capable of representing the user access frequency according to the following formulav：Pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
Further, in the dynamic use case priority ranking device, the high risk factor obtaining unit 2 includes a code line obtaining module 21, a code function marking module 22, a changed code obtaining module 23, and a code changed function obtaining module 24;
the code line obtaining module 21 is configured to execute the test case in an environment where the coverage statistics tool is deployed, so as to obtain a code line covered during code execution;
the code function marking module 22 is configured to extract and color a code function related to one or more use cases from a code line covered during execution of the code, and specifically includes: and defining keywords according to functions of the codes, extracting the functions from the code lines, and giving corresponding values to carry out dyeing marking.
The change code obtaining module 23 is configured to compare codes before and after the change, and obtain a code line of the software change;
the code change function 24 obtaining module is used for obtaining a code change function according to a code function related to a use case and a code line of software change;
the high risk factor acquiring unit 2 acquires a high risk factor D capable of representing the change risk of the use casecaseThe specific mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
Further, the priority parameter acquiring unit 3 acquires a use case sorting priority parameter PcaseThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of [0, 1%]An interval; pcaseObtained according to the following formula: pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv. Wherein the parameter w takes the value [0, 1%]The interval represents the use case priority acquisition preference, the closer to 0, the more important risk introduction of the use case sequence is represented, and the closer to 1, the more important function importance of the use case sequence is represented, which is a parameter that can be determined by a concrete implementation operator.
Different from the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention reversely identifies the use cases related to code change by using a use case-to-code overlay dyeing technology, and identifies the change code function by using a code management diff tool, so that the changed high-risk use cases are identified from a large number of use case sets. And determining a corresponding mark through the use case and software function module, and mapping the high-frequency use case used by the user by combining the user behavior statistical log on the software function. And weighting the high-risk and high-frequency cases, adding the high-risk and high-frequency cases, and automatically identifying and acquiring the priority sequence of the cases. The technical scheme has the following advantages:
firstly, the priority ranking of the use cases is an important method for improving the test quality and the test efficiency in the software project test. The case priority ordering in the current practice is difficult to be quantized or automated in detail depending on the experience of testers and the understanding of software services. The technology of the patent provides a feasible sustainable practical method for dynamically calculating the case priority through data, the dependence of the capability of testers is separated, and automatic sequencing and batch sequencing of the cases can be realized in a tool mode.
Secondly, the patent accords with the principle of sequencing the use case priority for most software project development based on the risk introduction and the access amount. The sorting process is based on objective data and objective operation, the priority sorting is more accurate and efficient, the testing range is narrowed, and the software product quality and the software testing efficiency are improved.
In addition, the method can be used as an auxiliary mode for accurately testing the software project based on the case priority sequence of code change. The method can be used for assisting in the formulation and implementation of a test scheme; the test case effectiveness is improved in an auxiliary mode; the low-contribution-degree use cases are eliminated in an auxiliary mode, and the effective reuse rate of the use cases is improved; auxiliary development, test problem reproduction and positioning.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic use case priority ordering method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a high-frequency factor capable of representing the user access frequency based on the functional modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user log;
identifying a use case related to code change and identifying a change code function simultaneously based on a code covering and dyeing way, thereby identifying and marking a change use case with a change risk meeting a preset standard from a use case set and obtaining a high risk factor capable of representing the change risk of the use case;
and acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor acquired in the steps and a preset priority preference factor.
2. The method for sorting the priority of the dynamic use cases according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a high-frequency factor that can characterize the access frequency of the user based on the functional modules involved in the test cases and the access volume data in the user log specifically comprises:
obtaining logs of user access modules, counting the access amount of users to each functional module, and obtaining the access amount V of the maximum access amount modulemax；
Marking the software function modules related to the test cases, and acquiring the access quantity of the user to the function modules related to the use cases and the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity module in the function modulescase_max；
The high frequency factor P capable of representing the user access frequencyvObtained according to the following formula: pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step "identifying a use case related to code change and identifying a change code function based on a code coverage dyeing approach, so as to identify and mark a change use case with a change risk meeting a preset standard from a use case set, and obtain a high risk factor that can characterize the change risk of the use case" specifically includes:
executing the test case in an environment with a coverage rate statistic tool deployed so as to obtain a code line covered during code execution;
extracting and coloring code functions related to one or more use cases from code lines covered during the code execution;
comparing the codes before and after the change to obtain a code line of the software change;
acquiring a code change function according to the code function related to the use case and the code line of the software change;
obtaining high risk factor DcaseThe concrete mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
4. The dynamic use case prioritization method of claim 3, wherein the step of "extracting and coloring code functions involved in marking one or more use cases from a code line covered during execution of the code" specifically includes: and defining keywords according to functions of the codes, extracting the functions from the code lines, and giving corresponding values to carry out dyeing marking.
5. The dynamic use case prioritization method according to claim 3, wherein the step of obtaining use case prioritization priority parameters based on the high-frequency factor and the high-risk factor obtained in the above step and a preset priority preference factor specifically comprises:
the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of an interval of [0,1 ];
use case ordering priority parameter PcaseObtained according to the following formula: pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv。
6. A dynamic case priority sequencing device is characterized by comprising a high-frequency factor acquisition unit, a high-risk factor acquisition unit and a priority parameter acquisition unit;
the high-frequency factor acquisition unit is used for acquiring a high-frequency factor capable of representing user access frequency based on the function modules related to the test cases and the access amount data in the user logs;
the high risk factor acquisition unit is used for identifying the use cases related to code change and identifying the change code function based on a code coverage dyeing way, so that the change use cases with change risks meeting the preset standard are identified and marked from the use case set, and the high risk factor capable of representing the change risks of the use cases is obtained;
the priority parameter acquiring unit is used for acquiring use case sequencing parameters based on the high-frequency factors acquired by the high-frequency factor acquiring unit, the high-risk factors acquired by the high-priority factor acquiring unit and preset priority preference factors.
7. The dynamic use case prioritization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the high-frequency factor obtaining unit includes a log obtaining module, an access amount obtaining module, and a use case function marking module, wherein:
the log acquisition module is used for acquiring a log of the user access module;
the access quantity obtaining module is used for counting the access quantity of the user to each functional module and obtaining the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity modulemax；
The case function marking module is used for marking the software function modules related to the test cases, and then the access quantity obtaining module is also used for obtaining the access quantity of the user to the function modules related to the use cases and the access quantity V of the maximum access quantity module in the function modules according to the software function modules related to the test cases marked by the case function marking modulecase_max；
The high-frequency factor acquisition unit acquires the high-frequency factor P capable of representing the user access frequency according to the following formulav：Pv＝Vcase_max/Vmax。
8. The dynamic use case prioritization apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the high risk factor acquisition unit includes a code line acquisition module, a code function marking module, a changed code acquisition module, and a code changed function acquisition module;
the code line acquisition module is used for executing a test case in an environment with a coverage rate statistic tool deployed so as to acquire a code line covered during code execution;
the code function marking module is used for extracting and dyeing and marking one or more code functions related to one or more use cases from a code line covered during the code execution;
the change code acquisition module is used for comparing codes before and after change and acquiring a code line of software change;
the code change function acquisition module is used for acquiring a code change function according to the code function related to the use case and the code line of the software change;
the high risk factor acquisition unit acquires a high risk factor D capable of representing the change risk of the use casecaseThe specific mode is as follows: comparing the code changing function with the code function related to the use case one by one, and if the same function exists, ordering DcaseIf not, let Dcase＝0。
9. The dynamic use case prioritization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the code function marking module "extracting and coloring code functions involved in marking one or more use cases from a code line covered during execution of the code" specifically includes: and defining keywords according to functions of the codes, extracting the functions from the code lines, and giving corresponding values to carry out dyeing marking.
10. The dynamic use case prioritization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the priority parameter obtaining unit obtains the use case prioritization priority parameter PcaseThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
the preset priority preference factor w takes the value of an interval of [0,1 ];
Pcaseis obtained according to the following formula：Pcase＝wDcase+(1-w)Pv。
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