CN111810256A - Early warning system and method for cold start of steam turbine, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Early warning system and method for cold start of steam turbine, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cold start of a steam turbine, in particular to a cold start early warning system, method, storage medium and electronic equipment for the steam turbine, and solves the problems that the system adopted by the existing steam turbine in the prior art is low in intelligentization and differentiation degree and has no targeted early warning method and measure. The system comprises: the system comprises a parameter acquisition module for acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine, a database module for storing simulation parameter thresholds, parameter thresholds of similar units and operation requirement parameter thresholds, a judgment module for comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module and outputting comparison results, a warning module for warning to prompt normal or abnormal according to the comparison results, and a suggestion module for suggesting parameter setting when abnormal prompting; the system is used for parameter monitoring and setting suggestion in the cold starting process of the steam turbine, and achieves the effects of shortening the cold starting time of the steam turbine, being more intelligent and having more differentiation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold start of a steam turbine, in particular to a cold start early warning system and method of the steam turbine, a storage medium and electronic equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of the power industry in China, the intelligent control technology is gradually applied to the starting, operation and maintenance of power plant equipment. The steam turbine is a rotary steam power device which converts steam heat energy into mechanical work as main equipment of a modern thermal power plant. When the turbine is shut down for a period of time and reaches the ambient temperature, the turbine is called cold-state starting when being started again, and various preparation works before cold-state starting are needed to be done at the moment, and then the turbine can be normally started.
In the cold starting process of the steam turbine, no matter the intermediate pressure cylinder is started or the high and intermediate pressure cylinders are jointly started, the steam turbine is influenced by parameters such as expansion difference and temperature of the steam turbine generator unit, and the parameters also influence the safety, reliability and service life of the steam turbine. How to shorten the cold starting time of the steam turbine and bring greater economic benefits is a big difficulty in the technical field of starting of the steam turbine.
At present, most of steam turbine units of power plants adopt a DCS (distributed control system), various data can be accurately acquired in real time through a computer technology, a signal processing technology and a network technology, a protection warning and a protection trip instruction are correctly sent out, and centralized operation and management control and decentralized control in the operation of a steam turbine are realized. Under the control system, the power plant operator only needs to record the required parameters when starting the steam turbine, and the parameters are adjusted according to the starting operation requirements of the steam turbine manufacturer and corresponding to the control and operation equipment, so that the control system is really convenient to use compared with the traditional manual detection and hand-reading type recording. However, the specific operating conditions of each power plant are greatly different, the starting and operating requirements given by manufacturers are relatively wide, the data collected by the control system include all data of the whole operating process of the steam turbine, the data volume is large, and the like, so that the existing DCS system adopted by the steam turbine set of the power plant at present has the following problems:
1. because the specific operating conditions of each power plant are greatly different, the parameter setting needs to be manually carried out or whether the parameter setting is reasonable or not is manually judged after the system gives an alarm, the requirement on operating personnel is high, and manual errors are easily caused;
2. the operation parameter requirements of manufacturers are wide, the differentiation is lacked, manual judgment is carried out only by the starting operation parameter requirements given by steam turbine manufacturers, and the parameter requirements of most manufacturers are mainly focused on stable starting of the steam turbines, so that the starting time of the steam turbines can be increased, and the economic benefit of the power plants is influenced;
3. the early warning or the measures which can be taken for the corresponding key indexes cannot be fed back or prompted to the operators, and the operators with less experience may have misoperation;
4. the data volume collected by the system is large, the pertinence is lacked, and corresponding parameter setting suggestions or methods are not provided.
Therefore, the present invention provides an early warning system and method, a storage medium, and an electronic device based on DCS, which are more intelligent, more automatic, and more differentiated, and can shorten the cold start time of a steam turbine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a cold start early warning system, a cold start early warning method, a storage medium and electronic equipment for a steam turbine, solves the problems that the system adopted by the existing steam turbine has low intellectualization and differentiation degree and has no targeted early warning method and measure, and achieves the purposes of shortening the cold start time of the steam turbine, along with more intellectualization and differentiation.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a cold start early warning system for a steam turbine, including:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine;
the database module is used for storing the simulation parameter threshold value, the parameter threshold value of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold value;
the judging module is connected with the parameter acquisition module and the database module and is used for comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameters are in the range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and a parameter threshold of an operation requirement and outputting three groups of comparison results;
the warning module is connected with the judging module and used for carrying out alarm prompt according to the three groups of comparison results and respectively prompting whether the real-time parameters are normal or abnormal within the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement; and
and the suggestion module is connected with the warning module and the database module and is used for correspondingly suggesting parameter setting suggestions when the warning module prompts that the real-time parameters are abnormal within at least one threshold range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, the early warning system for cold start of a steam turbine further includes:
and the input module is connected with the database module and used for inputting the operation requirement parameter threshold value to the database module according to the actual operation requirement of the power plant.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, the early warning system for cold start of a steam turbine further includes:
and the display terminal is connected with the warning module and the suggestion module and is used for displaying real-time parameters, alarm prompt information and parameter setting suggestions.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, in the early warning system for cold start of a steam turbine, the real-time parameter includes at least one of an expansion difference, a temperature, a pressure, and a rotation speed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, in the above steam turbine cold start early warning system, the parameter acquisition module includes:
a high-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule for collecting expansion difference, an intermediate-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule and a low-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule,
a high-pressure cylinder temperature submodule for collecting temperature, an intermediate-pressure cylinder temperature submodule, a main steam valve temperature submodule and a regulating valve temperature submodule,
condenser vacuum pressure submodule for pressure acquisition, and
and a rotor rotating speed submodule for acquiring rotating speed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, in the above turbine cold start early warning system, the database module includes:
the acquisition parameter storage submodule is used for storing the real-time parameter data acquired by the parameter acquisition module, so that later-stage tracing is facilitated;
the simulation parameter threshold submodule is used for storing a simulation parameter threshold value of a steam turbine manufacturer in cold starting according to the finite element model;
the similar unit parameter threshold submodule is used for storing the same unit parameter threshold value of the same type of unit when the turbine manufacturer investigates and researches the same unit in other power plants in a cold state;
and the operation requirement parameter threshold submodule is used for storing the operation requirement parameter threshold set by the operator through the input module.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, optionally, in the above turbine cold start-up early warning system, the parameter setting suggestion includes increasing or decreasing a main steam flow, increasing or decreasing a main steam temperature, increasing or decreasing a condenser vacuum pressure, and increasing or decreasing a rotor rotation speed.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a turbine cold start early warning method based on the turbine cold start early warning system, and the method includes:
a steam turbine manufacturer calculates a parameter threshold setting simulation parameter threshold when the steam turbine is in cold start according to a finite element model, sets parameter thresholds of the same type of unit according to parameter thresholds of the same type of unit in cold start of other power plants, and stores the parameter thresholds into a database module;
setting an operation requirement parameter threshold value by a power plant operator, and storing the operation requirement parameter threshold value in a database module;
acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine and storing the real-time parameters into a database module, wherein the real-time parameters comprise at least one of expansion difference, temperature, pressure and rotating speed;
comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameters are in the range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and a parameter threshold of an operation requirement, and outputting three groups of comparison results;
alarming and prompting according to the three groups of comparison results, if the real-time parameters are all within the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement, prompting that the parameter setting is normal, otherwise prompting that the parameter setting is abnormal;
if the prompt parameter setting is normal, continuing to acquire the real-time parameters of the steam turbine; and if the prompt parameter setting is abnormal, carrying out corresponding parameter setting suggestion according to the data stored in the database module.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium storing a computer program executable by one or more processors to implement the method for early warning of cold start of a steam turbine as described above.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, executes the method for early warning of cold start of a steam turbine as described above.
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. according to the early warning system, the early warning method, the storage medium and the electronic equipment for cold start of the steam turbine, whether real-time parameters are normal or not is intelligently judged by comparing the real-time parameters acquired in the cold start process of the steam turbine with three parameter thresholds prestored in the database module, and a parameter setting suggestion is automatically prompted for abnormal parameters; on the traditional DCS system, a monitoring and early warning module of main parameters in the cold starting process is added to prompt and early warn operators, so that the operators can know whether the parameter setting is reasonable or not in time conveniently, and the system is more intelligent and automatic; the rationality of parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine is judged in many ways through three parameter threshold standards of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of a similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold, and the system is more differentiated; by prompting parameter setting suggestions for the abnormal parameters, operators with less experience can conveniently and correspondingly adjust parameter settings, and manual misoperation is avoided.
2. According to the invention, the operation requirement parameter threshold is input according to the actual operation requirement of the power plant, and the threshold can be set according to the operation requirements of different power plants, so that more reasonable starting parameter setting is carried out, the safety, the reliability and the service life of the steam turbine are improved, the cold-state starting time of the steam turbine can be shortened to the greatest extent, and the heat exchange efficiency of a boiler and the economy of a steam turbine unit are improved.
3. Because the influence factors of the cold start process of the steam turbine set are numerous, the invention only warns and sets suggestions aiming at key parameters in the steam turbine start process by acquiring the expansion difference, the temperature, the pressure and the rotating speed, more effectively shortens the cold start time of the steam turbine, and enables the whole steam turbine set to be quickly started, so that the smoke temperature of the tail flue of the boiler reaches the denitration input condition as soon as possible, the emission of NOx is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the invention has strong adaptability, universality, innovation and application value, and is suitable for technical popularization and expanded application.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a cold start early warning system of a steam turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of another early warning system for cold start of a steam turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a curve trend of a medium pressure cylinder during cold start in a conventional manner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a display interface of a display terminal using cold start according to the present invention in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a curve variation trend of the intermediate pressure cylinder in a cold start according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. The embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the formed technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cold start early warning system for a steam turbine, including:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine, wherein the real-time parameters comprise at least one of expansion difference, temperature, pressure and rotating speed;
the database module is used for storing a simulation parameter threshold value set by a steam turbine manufacturer, a parameter threshold value of the similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold value set by a power plant according to an actual operation requirement;
the judging module is connected with the parameter acquisition module and the database module and is used for comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameters are in the range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and a parameter threshold of an operation requirement and outputting three groups of comparison results;
the warning module is connected with the judging module and used for carrying out warning prompt according to the three groups of comparison results, if the real-time parameters are all within the ranges of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold, the parameter setting is normal, otherwise, the parameter setting is abnormal, and then the real-time parameters are normal or abnormal within the ranges of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold;
the suggestion module is connected with the warning module and the database module and is used for correspondingly making parameter setting suggestions when the warning module prompts that real-time parameters are abnormal in at least one threshold range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold, wherein the parameter setting suggestions comprise increasing or decreasing main steam flow, increasing or decreasing main steam temperature, increasing or decreasing condenser vacuum pressure and increasing or decreasing rotor rotating speed;
the input module is connected with the database module and used for inputting the operation requirement parameter threshold value to the database module according to the actual operation requirement of the power plant; and
and the display terminal is connected with the warning module and the suggestion module and is used for displaying real-time parameters, alarm prompt information and parameter setting suggestions.
Further, the parameter acquisition module comprises:
a high-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule for collecting expansion difference, an intermediate-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule and a low-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule,
a high-pressure cylinder temperature submodule for collecting temperature, an intermediate-pressure cylinder temperature submodule, a main steam valve temperature submodule and a regulating valve temperature submodule,
condenser vacuum pressure submodule for pressure acquisition, and
and a rotor rotating speed submodule for acquiring rotating speed.
Further, the database module includes:
the acquisition parameter storage submodule is used for storing the real-time parameter data acquired by the parameter acquisition module;
the simulation parameter threshold submodule is used for storing a simulation parameter threshold value of a steam turbine manufacturer in cold starting according to the finite element model;
the similar unit parameter threshold submodule is used for storing the same unit parameter threshold value of the same type of unit when the turbine manufacturer investigates and researches the same unit in other power plants in a cold state;
and the operation requirement parameter threshold submodule is used for storing the operation requirement parameter threshold set by the operator through the input module.
Specifically, the cold start is carried out on a steam turbine with the model number of CC350/275-24.2/1.4/0.4/566/566, the maximum continuous output of 391MW, the rated output of 350MW and the rated rotating speed of 3000 rpm, the steam turbine consists of a high-pressure module, a medium-pressure module and a low-pressure module, namely, the steam turbine is provided with a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, and an inner cylinder is of a single-layer cylinder structure.
Firstly, the conventional method is adopted to start the steam turbine at a cold state to 3000 rpm, the time required for putting in AGC is 35 hours from boiler ignition to load connection to 165MW, as shown in a curve variation trend chart of a medium pressure cylinder shown in FIG. 3, the analysis data range is a time period from boiler ignition to unit load connection to 165MW, and the time period is divided into 5 time ranges as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Numbering | Time horizon (hour: minute) | DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS | Duration of time |
| 1 | 00:00～00:16 | Turning speed to 1152 rpm | 16 |
| 2 | 00:16～02:16 | 1152 r/m warm-up |
2 hours |
| 3 | 02:16～02:23 | 1152 r/min to 3000 r/ |
7 |
| 4 | 02:23～14:08 | 3000 r/min warm-up machine | 11 hours 45 minutes |
| 5 | 14:08～35:54 | 3000 r/min load to |
20 hours and 46 minutes |
As can be seen from FIG. 3 and Table 1, at time 00:00, the reheat steam temperature was 336.8 deg.C, and the differential swell of the intermediate pressure cylinder was 3.56 mm;
starting from the time 00:00 to the time 00:16, flushing the rotating speed of the unit to 1152 revolutions per minute for 16 minutes, wherein the rising rate is about 72 revolutions per minute, the temperature of reheated steam is 336.7 ℃, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is 3.81 mm;
starting intermediate-speed warming from the time of 00:16 to the time of 02:16, stopping warming for 2 hours, controlling the temperature of reheated steam to be 343.4 ℃ and controlling the expansion difference of an intermediate pressure cylinder to be 3.96 mm;
starting from the time point 02:16, increasing the rotating speed from 1152 r/min to 3000 r/min, consuming 7 minutes, stopping at 02:23, wherein the increasing rate is 264 r/min, the temperature of reheated steam is 337.8 ℃, and the expansion difference of a medium pressure cylinder is 3.67 mm;
starting from the time point 02:23, carrying out 3000-rpm high-speed warm-up till the time point 14:08 is cut off, and lasting for 11 hours and 45 minutes, wherein the temperature of reheated steam is 372.9 ℃, and the differential expansion of an intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.08 mm;
the load was increased to 165MW from 14:08 to 35:54 cutoff for 20 hours and 46 minutes, at which time the reheat steam temperature was 526.4 ℃ and the differential intermediate head expansion was 3.9 mm.
From the whole starting time of the unit, the total time is 34 hours and 54 minutes, the consumed time is long, adverse effects are brought to the safety and the economy of the unit, and meanwhile, the smoke temperature of the tail flue of the boiler after grid connection cannot rapidly reach the denitration input condition, so that the standard reaching of NOx emission is delayed, and the pollution to the environment is caused to a certain extent.
Even if the high-pressure cylinder is fully heated reversely in the cold-state starting process of the unit and the operations such as full warming, draining, random starting of the heater and the like are adopted in the speed increasing process, the time consumption is at least 25.5 hours, the low-load time of the unit after the unit is connected to the power grid is shortened, but the difference between the low-load time and the cold-state starting curve requirement provided by a steam turbine manufacturer is large, and therefore the stability and the service life of the steam turbine are influenced.
The steam turbine cold starting early warning system provided by the embodiment is adopted to carry out cold starting of the steam turbine, and the working process of the system is as follows:
firstly, a steam turbine manufacturer calculates a parameter threshold value setting simulation parameter threshold value when the steam turbine is started in a cold state according to a finite element model, for example, the relative error between a set actual value and a simulation value of the finite element model is not more than 8.5%, the parameter threshold value setting simulation parameter threshold value is stored in a simulation parameter threshold value submodule of a database module, the parameter threshold value of the same type of unit is set according to the parameter threshold value of the same type of unit when the same type of unit is researched and researched in the cold state starting of other power plants, for example, the parameter value of the other same type of steam turbine which is normally started in the cold state and has short starting time is stored in a parameter threshold value submodule of the same type of unit of the database module, a power plant operator sets an operation requirement parameter threshold value through an input module;
after the steam turbine is started, a parameter acquisition module of the system respectively acquires the high-pressure cylinder expansion difference, the intermediate-pressure cylinder expansion difference, the low-pressure cylinder expansion difference, the high-pressure cylinder temperature, the intermediate-pressure cylinder temperature, the main steam valve temperature, the regulating valve temperature, the condenser vacuum pressure and the rotor rotation speed in real time and sends the acquired data to a judgment module and stores the acquired data in a collection parameter storage sub-module of a database module, wherein the actual number of parameter acquisition points can be set according to the actual condition of a steam turbine set of a power plant, for example, the acquisition points of the high-pressure cylinder temperature comprise the outer wall temperature of a high-pressure regulating stage, the inner wall temperature and the temperature difference of the inner and outer walls, the acquisition points of the intermediate-pressure cylinder temperature comprise the outer wall temperature of an intermediate-pressure inner cylinder, the inner wall temperature and the temperature difference of the inner and outer walls, the acquisition points of the main steam valve temperature comprise the, In the embodiment, the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is provided with two collecting points, the temperature collecting point of the high pressure cylinder is the temperature of the outer wall of a high pressure regulating stage, the temperature collecting point of the intermediate pressure cylinder is the temperature of the outer wall of the intermediate pressure inner cylinder, the temperature of the upper half inner wall of an intermediate pressure steam exhaust port and the temperature of the lower half inner wall of the intermediate pressure steam exhaust port, the temperature collecting point of a main steam valve is the temperature of the outer wall of a high pressure main steam valve, and the temperature collecting point of a regulating valve is the temperature of the outer wall of;
the judgment module compares the acquired real-time parameters with the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold stored in the database module at the same time, and outputs a comparison result to the warning module;
the warning module gives an alarm according to the comparison result to prompt that the corresponding parameter setting is normal or abnormal, if the alarm prompt parameter is normal, the parameter acquisition module continues to acquire the real-time parameter, if the alarm prompt parameter is abnormal, the parameter setting suggestion is made according to the data stored in the database module, the parameter setting suggestion comprises increasing or decreasing the main steam flow, increasing or decreasing the main steam temperature, increasing or decreasing the vacuum pressure of the condenser and increasing or decreasing the rotor speed, for example, when the differential expansion parameter is abnormal, the main steam temperature is increased or decreased according to the suggestion that the real-time differential expansion parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, when the temperature parameter is abnormal, the main steam flow is increased or decreased according to the suggestion that the real-time temperature parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, when the pressure parameter is abnormal, the vacuum pressure of the condenser is increased or decreased according to the suggestion that the real-time pressure parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter, when the rotating speed parameters are abnormal, correspondingly recommending to increase or decrease the rotating speed according to the condition that the real-time rotating speed parameters are lower than or higher than the parameter threshold value, correspondingly increasing or decreasing the rising rate, and early warning the rotating speed change in real time according to the critical rotating speed of the rotor;
finally, the real-time parameters, the alarm prompt information and the parameter setting suggestions are displayed through a display terminal, as shown in fig. 4, a display interface of the display terminal is shown, the left column in the figure is the real-time parameters, the right column in the figure is the parameter setting suggestions, and the alarm prompt information is reminded in a pop-up window mode (not shown in the figure).
The operator sets suggestions according to the above workflow and parameters, and comprehensively considers the overall operation state of the unit, and after adjusting the parameters in the cold start process, obtains the curve variation trend chart of the intermediate pressure cylinder as shown in fig. 5, and the analysis data range is still the time period from the ignition of the boiler to the load of the unit to 165MW, and divides the time period into 7 time ranges as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Numbering | Time horizon | DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS | Duration of time |
| 1 | 00:00～00:04 | 8.8 rpm to 502.2 |
4 |
| 2 | 00:04～00:32 | 502.2 r/min warm-up | 28 minutes |
| 3 | 00:32～00:39 | 502.2 rpm to 1152 |
7 |
| 4 | 00:39～02:26 | 1152 r/m warm-up machine | 1 hour 47 minutes |
| 5 | 02:26～02:34 | 1152 r/min to 3000 r/min | 8 minutes |
| 6 | 02:34～05:24 | 3000 r/min warm-up |
2 hours and 50 |
| 7 | 05:24～14:15 | At 3000 rpm, the load is increased from zero to 165MW | 8 hours and 51 minutes |
As can be seen from FIG. 5 and Table 2, at time 00:00, the reheat steam temperature was 342.3 ℃ and the intermediate differential cylinder swell was 4.0 mm;
starting from the time 00:00 to the time 00:04, the rotating speed of the unit is rushed to 502 revolutions per minute for 4 minutes, the rising rate is about 123.4 revolutions per minute, the temperature of reheated steam is 336.7 ℃, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.2 mm;
starting from the time 00:04 to the time 00:32, warming up the unit for 28 minutes, wherein the temperature of reheated steam is 328.3 ℃, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.2 mm;
starting from the time 00:32 to the time 00:39, flushing the rotating speed of the unit to 1152 revolutions per minute for 7 minutes, wherein the rising rate is about 92.8 revolutions per minute, the temperature of reheated steam is 326.8 ℃, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.2 mm;
starting from the time 00:39 to the time 02:26, warming up the unit at the rotating speed of 1152 r/min for 1 hour and 47 minutes, wherein the temperature of reheated steam is 336.5 ℃, and the expansion difference of an intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.3 mm;
starting from the time 02:26 to the time 02:34, the rotating speed of the unit is rushed to 3000 r/min for 8 minutes, the rising rate is about 231 r/min, the temperature of the reheated steam is 336.2 ℃, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.04 mm;
starting from the time 02:34 to the time 05:24, warming up the unit at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min for 2 hours and 50 minutes, wherein the temperature of reheated steam is 346.4 ℃, and the expansion difference of an intermediate pressure cylinder is 4.68 mm;
starting from time 05:24 to time 14:15, the boost is 165MW, and ending at 2019/6/415: 15, for 8 hours and 51 minutes, wherein the temperature of the reheated steam is 516.4 ℃, and the differential expansion of the medium pressure cylinder is 4.93 mm.
From the whole starting time of the unit, the total time is 14 hours and 16 minutes, the time consumption is obviously shortened, and the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder fluctuates within the range of 3.9-5.1 mm all the time, so that the parameter setting measures given by the system are reasonable, and the time for high-speed warming and the time for load rising are reduced. The system of the embodiment is additionally provided with a monitoring and early warning module of main parameters in the cold starting process on the traditional DCS, prompts and early warnings are given to operators, the operators can know whether the parameter setting is reasonable or not in time, and the system is more intelligent and automatic; the rationality of parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine is judged in many ways through three parameter threshold standards of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of a similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold, and the system is more differentiated; by prompting parameter setting suggestions for the abnormal parameters, operators with less experience can conveniently adjust the parameter settings correspondingly, and manual misoperation is avoided; the operation requirement parameter threshold value is input according to the actual operation requirement of the power plant, the threshold value can be set according to the operation requirements of different power plants, and therefore more reasonable starting parameter setting is carried out, the safety, the reliability and the service life of the steam turbine are improved, the cold starting time of the steam turbine can be shortened to the greatest extent, and the heat exchange efficiency of the boiler and the economical efficiency of a steam turbine unit are improved.
Example two
The embodiment provides a turbine cold start early warning method applicable to electronic equipment based on the turbine cold start early warning system in the first embodiment, and when the method is applied to the electronic equipment, the method executes the following steps:
step 1: a steam turbine manufacturer calculates a parameter threshold value setting simulation parameter threshold value when the steam turbine is started in a cold state according to a finite element model, for example, the relative error between a set actual value and a simulation value of the finite element model is not more than 8.5 percent, the parameter threshold value setting simulation parameter threshold value is stored in a simulation parameter threshold value submodule of a database module, the parameter threshold value setting similar unit parameter threshold value when the same unit is started in other power plants in the cold state is researched, for example, the parameter value of other steam turbines in the same type with normal cold start and short start time is stored in the similar unit parameter threshold value submodule of the database module;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps that power plant operators set operation requirement parameter thresholds through an input module according to actual conditions of a power plant, the operation requirement parameter thresholds are stored in an operation requirement parameter threshold submodule of a database module, the overall operation state of a unit can be comprehensively considered, the thresholds can be set according to operation requirements of different power plants, and therefore more reasonable starting parameter setting is conducted;
and step 3: starting the steam turbine, wherein a parameter acquisition module acquires real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine, sends the real-time parameters to a judgment module and stores the real-time parameters in an acquisition parameter storage submodule of a database module, and the real-time parameters comprise at least one of differential expansion, temperature, pressure and rotating speed;
specifically, the number of actual parameter acquisition points can be set according to the actual condition of a steam turbine set of a power plant, in the embodiment, the expansion difference of the intermediate pressure cylinder is provided with two acquisition points, the acquisition points of the temperature of the high pressure cylinder comprise the outer wall temperature of the high pressure regulating stage, the inner wall temperature and the temperature difference of the inner wall and the outer wall, the acquisition points of the temperature of the intermediate pressure cylinder comprise the outer wall temperature of the intermediate pressure inner cylinder, the inner wall temperature and the temperature difference of the inner wall, the temperature of the upper half inner wall of the intermediate pressure steam exhaust port and the temperature of the lower half inner wall of the intermediate pressure steam exhaust port, the acquisition points of the temperature of the main steam valve comprise the inner wall temperature of the high pressure main steam valve, the outer wall temperature and the temperature difference of;
and 4, step 4: comparing the real-time parameter with the simulation parameter threshold, the similar unit parameter threshold and the operation requirement parameter threshold at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameter is in the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the similar unit parameter threshold and the operation requirement parameter threshold, and outputting three groups of comparison results;
specifically, respectively judging whether the real-time parameters are within a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold, and sequentially comparing the parameters of the plurality of acquisition points in the step 3;
and 5: alarming and prompting according to the three groups of comparison results, if the real-time parameters are all within the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement, prompting that the parameter setting is normal, otherwise prompting that the parameter setting is abnormal;
specifically, normal or abnormal setting of parameters is prompted through a popup window, and for the condition of abnormal setting of the parameters, if a single parameter is out of one of the thresholds, the setting of the parameter relative to the threshold is indicated to be abnormal, and prompt is performed in sequence, for example, "the setting of the expansion difference of a high pressure cylinder is normal relative to the threshold of a simulation parameter", "the setting of the expansion difference of the high pressure cylinder is normal relative to the threshold of a parameter of a similar unit", "the setting of the expansion difference of the high pressure cylinder is abnormal relative to the threshold of a parameter required for operation";
step 6: if the prompt parameters are normal, continuing to acquire real-time parameters of the steam turbine, and if the prompt parameters are abnormal, performing corresponding parameter setting suggestions according to the data stored in the database module, wherein the parameter setting suggestions comprise increasing or decreasing the main steam flow, increasing or decreasing the main steam temperature, increasing or decreasing the vacuum pressure of a condenser and increasing or decreasing the rotor rotating speed;
specifically, when the differential expansion parameter is abnormal, the main steam temperature is correspondingly recommended to be increased or decreased according to the condition that the real-time differential expansion parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, when the temperature parameter is abnormal, the main steam flow is correspondingly recommended to be increased or decreased according to the condition that the real-time temperature parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, when the pressure parameter is abnormal, the vacuum pressure of the condenser is correspondingly recommended to be increased or decreased according to the condition that the real-time pressure parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, when the rotating speed parameter is abnormal, the rotating speed is correspondingly recommended to be increased or decreased according to the condition that the real-time rotating speed parameter is lower than or higher than the parameter threshold, the rising speed is correspondingly increased or decreased, and;
and 7: the real-time parameters, the alarm prompt information and the parameter setting suggestions are displayed through the display terminal, the real-time parameters and the alarm prompt information are displayed through a display interface of the display terminal, and the alarm prompt information is reminded in a pop-up window mode.
Because the influence factors of the cold starting process of the steam turbine unit are numerous, the embodiment warns and sets suggestions only for key parameters in the starting process of the steam turbine by collecting the expansion difference, the temperature, the pressure and the rotating speed, the cold starting time of the steam turbine is effectively shortened, and the whole steam turbine unit is quickly started, so that the smoke temperature of the tail flue of the boiler reaches the denitration input condition as soon as possible, the emission of NOx is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the steam turbine unit has strong adaptability, universality, innovation and application value, and is suitable for technical popularization and expanded application.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiments provide a computer readable storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a server, an App application mall, etc., having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, may implement the method steps of:
a steam turbine manufacturer calculates a parameter threshold setting simulation parameter threshold when the steam turbine is in cold start according to a finite element model, sets parameter thresholds of the same type of unit according to parameter thresholds of the same type of unit in cold start of other power plants, and stores the parameter thresholds into a database module;
setting an operation requirement parameter threshold value by a power plant operator, and storing the operation requirement parameter threshold value in a database module;
collecting real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine and storing the real-time parameters into a database module, wherein the real-time parameters comprise expansion difference, temperature, pressure and rotating speed;
comparing the real-time parameters with the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold at the same time, and outputting a comparison result;
carrying out alarm prompting according to the comparison result to prompt whether the parameters are normal or abnormal;
if the alarm prompt parameters are normal, the real-time parameters of the steam turbine are continuously acquired, and if the alarm prompt parameters are abnormal, parameter setting suggestions are carried out according to the data stored in the database module.
The specific embodiment process of the above method steps can be referred to as embodiment two, and the detailed description of this embodiment is not repeated here.
Example four
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a tablet computer, or the like, and includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method described in the second embodiment. It is understood that the electronic device may also include multimedia components, input/output (I/O) interfaces, and communication components.
Wherein, the processor is used for executing all or part of the steps in the application management method in the first embodiment. The memory is used to store various types of data, which may include, for example, instructions for any application or method in the electronic device, as well as application-related data.
The Processor may be an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic components, and is configured to execute the Application management method in the first embodiment.
The Memory may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
The multimedia component may include a screen, which may be a touch screen, and an audio component for outputting and/or inputting an audio signal. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may further be stored in a memory or transmitted through a communication component. The audio assembly also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals.
The I/O interface provides an interface between the processor and other interface modules, such as a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons.
The communication component is used for carrying out wired or wireless communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment. Wireless Communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, or 4G, or a combination of one or more of them, so that the corresponding Communication component 405 may include: Wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
In summary, according to the early warning system, the early warning method, the storage medium and the electronic device for cold start of the steam turbine provided by the invention, whether the real-time parameters are normal or not is intelligently judged by comparing the real-time parameters collected in the cold start process of the steam turbine with three parameter thresholds prestored in the database module, and a parameter setting suggestion is automatically prompted for the abnormal parameters; on the traditional DCS system, a monitoring and early warning module of main parameters in the cold starting process is added to prompt and early warn operators, so that the operators can know whether the parameter setting is reasonable or not in time conveniently, and the system is more intelligent and automatic; the rationality of parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine is judged in many ways through three parameter threshold standards of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of a similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold, and the system is more differentiated; by prompting parameter setting suggestions for the abnormal parameters, operators with less experience can conveniently and correspondingly adjust parameter settings, and manual misoperation is avoided.
It should be noted that, since the drawings in the specification should not be colored or modified, it is difficult to display the parts of the drawings in the present invention where the parts are clearly distinguished from each other, and if necessary, a color picture can be provided.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cold start early warning system for a steam turbine, the system comprising:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine;
the database module is used for storing the simulation parameter threshold value, the parameter threshold value of the similar unit and the operation requirement parameter threshold value;
the judging module is connected with the parameter acquisition module and the database module and is used for comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameters are in the range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and a parameter threshold of an operation requirement and outputting three groups of comparison results;
the warning module is connected with the judging module and used for carrying out alarm prompt according to the three groups of comparison results and respectively prompting whether the real-time parameters are normal or abnormal within the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement; and
and the suggestion module is connected with the warning module and the database module and is used for performing parameter setting suggestion when the warning module prompts that the real-time parameters are abnormal within at least one threshold range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and an operation requirement parameter threshold.
2. The turbine cold start early warning system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the input module is connected with the database module and used for inputting the operation requirement parameter threshold value to the database module according to the actual operation requirement of the power plant.
3. The turbine cold start early warning system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the display terminal is connected with the warning module and the suggestion module and is used for displaying real-time parameters, alarm prompt information and parameter setting suggestions.
4. The turbine cold start warning system of claim 1 wherein the real time parameters include at least one of differential expansion, temperature, pressure and rotational speed.
5. The turbine cold start early warning system of claim 1, wherein the parameter acquisition module comprises:
a high-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule for collecting expansion difference, an intermediate-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule and a low-pressure cylinder expansion difference submodule,
a high-pressure cylinder temperature submodule for collecting temperature, an intermediate-pressure cylinder temperature submodule, a main steam valve temperature submodule and a regulating valve temperature submodule,
condenser vacuum pressure submodule for pressure acquisition, and
and a rotor rotating speed submodule for acquiring rotating speed.
6. The turbine cold start early warning system of claim 2, wherein the database module comprises:
the acquisition parameter storage submodule is used for storing the real-time parameter data acquired by the parameter acquisition module;
the simulation parameter threshold submodule is used for storing a simulation parameter threshold value of a steam turbine manufacturer in cold starting according to the finite element model;
the parameter threshold submodule of the same type of unit is used for storing the parameter threshold of the same type of unit when a turbine manufacturer investigates and researches the same type of unit in a cold state;
and the operation requirement parameter threshold submodule is used for storing the operation requirement parameter threshold set by the operator through the input module.
7. The turbine cold start warning system of claim 1 wherein the parameter setting recommendations comprise increasing or decreasing main steam flow, increasing or decreasing main steam temperature, increasing or decreasing condenser vacuum pressure, and increasing or decreasing rotor speed.
8. A turbine cold start early warning method based on the turbine cold start early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
setting simulation parameter thresholds, setting parameter thresholds of the same type of units, and storing the parameters in the database module;
setting a threshold value of an operation requirement parameter, and storing the threshold value in a database module;
acquiring real-time parameters in the cold starting process of the steam turbine and storing the real-time parameters into a database module, wherein the real-time parameters comprise at least one of expansion difference, temperature, pressure and rotating speed;
comparing the real-time parameters with three parameter thresholds of the database module at the same time, judging whether the real-time parameters are in the range of a simulation parameter threshold, a parameter threshold of the similar unit and a parameter threshold of an operation requirement, and outputting three groups of comparison results;
alarming and prompting according to the three groups of comparison results, if the real-time parameters are all within the range of the simulation parameter threshold, the parameter threshold of the similar unit and the parameter threshold of the operation requirement, prompting that the parameter setting is normal, otherwise prompting that the parameter setting is abnormal;
if the prompt parameter setting is normal, continuing to acquire the real-time parameters of the steam turbine; and if the prompt parameter setting is abnormal, carrying out corresponding parameter setting suggestion according to the data stored in the database module.
9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executable by one or more processors to implement the turbine cold start warning method of claim 8.
10. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program when executed by the processor implements the turbine cold start warning method according to claim 8.
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