CN111810152A - Cutting pick and machining method thereof - Google Patents

Cutting pick and machining method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111810152A
CN111810152A CN202010612460.5A CN202010612460A CN111810152A CN 111810152 A CN111810152 A CN 111810152A CN 202010612460 A CN202010612460 A CN 202010612460A CN 111810152 A CN111810152 A CN 111810152A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutting pick
connecting hole
cutting
hard alloy
head
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CN202010612460.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘能文
黄灿
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Zhuzhou Xinda Machinery Technology Co ltd
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Zhuzhou Xinda Machinery Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010612460.5A priority Critical patent/CN111810152A/en
Publication of CN111810152A publication Critical patent/CN111810152A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/302Cu as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/58Chisel-type inserts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting pick, which comprises a hard alloy head and a cutting pick base body, wherein the cutting pick base body comprises a tooth handle and a tooth body positioned at the top end of the tooth handle, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the end face of the cutting pick base body, a connecting part of the hard alloy head is arranged in the connecting hole and is connected with the cutting pick base body through brazing, a brazing material used for brazing is a copper brazing material, the lower end of the connecting part of the hard alloy head is conical, the shape of the connecting hole is the same as that of the connecting part of the hard alloy head, a gap of 0.08-0.15 mm exists between the connecting part of the hard alloy head and the inner wall of the connecting hole, and the upper end of the. The invention provides a cutting pick with higher welding strength, higher wear resistance and higher impact resistance and a processing method thereof.

Description

Cutting pick and machining method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heading machines, coal mining machines and rotary drilling accessory machines, and particularly relates to a cutting tooth and a machining method thereof.
Background
The cutting pick is formed by connecting a cutting pick base body (a cutting pick body and a cutting pick handle) and a hard alloy head together in a brazing mode. Is a main matching part (a vulnerable part) which is arranged on a tooth holder of a heading machine, a coal mining machine and a rotary excavating machine and is used for crushing coal rocks. The cutting pick is mainly manufactured by the following steps: the method comprises the steps of pretreatment (cleaning a cutting pick matrix, holding brazing solder, coating a hard alloy head and assisting in welding), brazing (integral heating and brazing), quenching and tempering (medium-temperature tempering). Common failure modes of picks include alloy head drop, shank breakage, pick body wear, alloy head breakage, pick loss, and the like. Wherein tooth body wear and alloy head drop off account for approximately 80% of total failure. The main reason for these failure modes is that the cutting tooth has severe friction with coal rocks during operation, which causes abrasion of the front end of the tooth body, and after the abrasion reaches a certain degree, the hard alloy head is exposed, and then the hard alloy head falls off due to strong impact load. On the other hand, the main reasons for the falling off of the cemented carbide tip are welding quality problems, such as welding deviation of the cemented carbide tip, cold joint, slag inclusion at the welding position, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and innovate the defects and problems in the background art, and provides a cutting pick with higher welding strength, higher wear resistance and higher impact resistance and a processing method thereof.
The technical scheme includes that the cutting pick comprises a hard alloy head and a cutting pick base body, the cutting pick base body comprises a tooth handle and a tooth body located at the top end of the tooth handle, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the end face of the tooth body, a hard alloy head connecting portion is arranged in the connecting hole and connected with the tooth body through brazing, a brazing material used for brazing is a copper brazing material, the lower end of the hard alloy head connecting portion is conical, the shape of the connecting hole is the same as that of the hard alloy head connecting portion, a gap of 0.08-0.15 mm exists between the hard alloy head connecting portion and the inner wall of the connecting hole, and the upper end of the hard alloy head is designed in a multi-taper mode.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the cutting pick, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: performing early treatment, namely forming a cutting pick base body by adopting a cold extrusion technology, wherein the size of a connecting hole is required to ensure that a gap of 0.08-0.15 mm exists between the inner wall of the connecting hole and a hard alloy head, cleaning the connecting hole by using 95-degree ethanol, putting copper brazing solder after cleaning, and smearing a layer of soldering flux on a connecting part of the hard alloy head to be arranged in the connecting hole of the cutting pick body;
step 2: heating and welding, namely putting the installed hard alloy head and the cutting pick substrate into a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency of 3.5 kilohertz to be heated and welded into a cutting pick;
and step 3: quenching treatment, namely cooling the cutting teeth to 850-860 ℃, and putting into 60-degree quenching oil for quenching;
and 4, step 4: and (4) tempering, namely putting the quenched substrate into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes.
And 5: and (4) performing shot blasting treatment, finally performing shot blasting treatment on the tempered cutting pick, and smearing a layer of anti-rust oil on the whole cutting pick after the shot blasting treatment is finished.
Preferably, the cutting pick base material is 42Crmo ultra-high strength steel.
Preferably, the brazing solder is Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn, and the weight ratio of the Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn is 54-56%: 4.0% -6.0%: 6.0% -8.0%: 0.15% -0.45%: 31.35 to 33.35 percent.
Preferably, the heat welding process heats only the body of the cutting pick body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cutting pick substrate is made of 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel and is formed by adopting a cold extrusion technology. The 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel has high strength and toughness, good hardenability and no obvious temper brittleness, and the structure is compact and continuous fiber flow direction is realized after the steel is formed by adopting a cold extrusion technology, so that the strength of a cutting pick matrix is greatly improved.
2. The upper end of the hard alloy head adopts a multi-taper design, and the lower end adopts a conical design, wherein the multi-taper design of the upper end can greatly improve the rock breaking efficiency, and the conical design of the lower end has a centering effect, so that the welding seam clearance around the hard alloy head is kept uniform and consistent, and the brazing strength is greatly improved.
3. Only the tooth body part is heated by a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency and 3.5 kilohertz, and the quenched cutting tooth is put into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes. The process greatly reduces the oxidation and decarburization phenomena generated in the heating process, enables the tooth handle to have higher strength and impact toughness, and simultaneously ensures the tooth body to have the advantages of higher hardness and wear resistance.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cutting pick construction.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram.
Description of the figures:
1-hard alloy head, 2-hard alloy head connecting part, 3-cutting pick base body, 31-tooth handle and 32-tooth body.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cutting pick comprises a cemented carbide head 1 and a cutting pick base body 3, wherein the cutting pick base body 3 comprises a tooth shank 31 and a tooth body 32 located at the top end of the tooth shank 31, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the end face of the tooth body 32, the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is arranged in the connecting hole and is connected with the tooth body 32 through brazing, the brazing solder used by brazing is copper brazing material, the lower end of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is conical, the shape of the connecting hole is the same as that of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2, a gap of 0.08mm exists between the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 and the inner wall of the connecting hole, and the upper end of the cemented carbide head 1 is designed in a multi-taper mode.
A manufacturing method of a cutting pick comprises the following steps:
step 1: the early treatment, adopt the cold extrusion technology to take shape and make pick basal body 3 first, wherein the size of the attachment hole should guarantee to have 0.08mm interval between hard alloy head 1 and the attachment hole inner wall, reuse 95 degrees ethanol to wash the attachment hole, put copper brazing solder after finishing washing, and then smear a layer of scaling powder and install in the attachment hole of the tooth body 32 the hard alloy head attachment 2;
step 2: heating and welding, namely putting the installed hard alloy head 1 and the cutting pick substrate 3 into a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency of 3.5 kilohertz to heat and weld into a cutting pick;
and step 3: quenching treatment, namely cooling the cutting teeth to 850 ℃, and putting the cutting teeth into 60-degree quenching oil for quenching;
and 4, step 4: and (4) tempering, namely putting the quenched substrate into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes.
And 5: and (4) performing shot blasting treatment, finally performing shot blasting treatment on the tempered cutting pick, and smearing a layer of anti-rust oil on the whole cutting pick after the shot blasting treatment is finished.
The cutting pick substrate 3 is made of 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel.
The copper brazing solder is Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn, and the weight ratio of the Cu to the Mn to the Ni to the Si to the Zn is 54%: 4.0%: 6.0%: 0.15%: 31.35 percent.
In the heat welding process, only the shank 32 of the cutting pick body 3 is heated.
The cutting pick substrate 3 is made of 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel and is formed by adopting a cold extrusion technology. The 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel has high strength and toughness, good hardenability and no obvious temper brittleness, and the structure is compact and continuous fiber flow direction is realized after the steel is formed by adopting a cold extrusion technology, so that the strength of the cutting pick matrix 3 is greatly improved.
The upper end of the hard alloy head 1 adopts a multi-taper design, and the lower end adopts a conical design, wherein the multi-taper design of the upper end can greatly improve the rock breaking efficiency, and the conical design of the lower end has a centering effect, so that the gaps of the welding seams around the hard alloy head 1 are kept uniform and consistent, and the brazing strength is greatly improved.
Only 32 parts of the pick body are heated by a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency and 3.5 kilohertz, and the pick after quenching is put into a tunnel tempering furnace for low temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes. The process greatly reduces the oxidation and decarburization phenomena generated in the heating process, enables the tooth handle 31 to have higher strength and impact toughness, and simultaneously ensures the tooth body 32 to have the advantages of higher hardness and wear resistance and the like.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cutting pick comprises a cemented carbide head 1 and a cutting pick base body 3, wherein the cutting pick base body 3 comprises a tooth holder 31 and a tooth body 32 positioned at the top end of the tooth holder 31, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the end face of the tooth body 32, the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is arranged in the connecting hole and is connected with the tooth body 32 through brazing, the brazing solder used by brazing is copper brazing material, the lower end of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is conical, the shape of the connecting hole is the same as that of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2, a gap of 0.12mm exists between the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 and the inner wall of the connecting hole, and the upper end of the cemented carbide head 1 is designed in a multi-taper manner.
A manufacturing method of a cutting pick comprises the following steps:
step 1: the cutting pick base body 3 is manufactured by adopting a cold extrusion technology, wherein the size of a connecting hole is ensured to form a gap of 0.12mm between the inner wall of the connecting hole and the hard alloy head 1, the connecting hole is cleaned by 95-degree ethanol, copper brazing solder is put after the cleaning is finished, and then a layer of soldering flux is smeared on the hard alloy head connecting part 2 and is installed in the connecting hole of the cutting pick body 32;
step 2: heating and welding, namely putting the installed hard alloy head 1 and the cutting pick substrate 3 into a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency of 3.5 kilohertz to heat and weld into a cutting pick;
and step 3: quenching, namely cooling the cutting teeth to 855 ℃, and putting the cutting teeth into 60-degree quenching oil for quenching;
and 4, step 4: and (4) tempering, namely putting the quenched substrate into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes.
And 5: and (4) performing shot blasting treatment, finally performing shot blasting treatment on the tempered cutting pick, and smearing a layer of anti-rust oil on the whole cutting pick after the shot blasting treatment is finished.
The cutting pick substrate 3 is made of 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel.
The copper brazing solder is Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn, and the weight ratio of the Cu to the Mn to the Ni to the Si to the Zn is 55%: 5.0%: 7.0%: 0.35%: 32.35 percent.
In the heat welding process, only the shank 32 of the cutting pick body 3 is heated.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cutting pick comprises a cemented carbide head 1 and a cutting pick base body 3, wherein the cutting pick base body 3 comprises a tooth holder 31 and a tooth body 32 positioned at the top end of the tooth holder 31, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the end face of the tooth body 32, the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is arranged in the connecting hole and is connected with the tooth body 32 through brazing, the brazing solder used by brazing is copper brazing material, the lower end of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 is conical, the shape of the connecting hole is the same as that of the cemented carbide head connecting part 2, a gap of 0.15mm exists between the cemented carbide head connecting part 2 and the inner wall of the connecting hole, and the upper end of the cemented carbide head 1 is designed in a multi-taper mode.
A manufacturing method of a cutting pick comprises the following steps:
step 1: the cutting pick base body 3 is manufactured by adopting a cold extrusion technology, wherein the size of a connecting hole is ensured to form a gap of 0.15mm between the inner wall of the connecting hole and the hard alloy head 1, the connecting hole is cleaned by 95-degree ethanol, copper brazing solder is put after the cleaning is finished, and then a layer of soldering flux is smeared on the hard alloy head connecting part 2 and is installed in the connecting hole of the cutting pick body 32;
step 2: heating and welding, namely putting the installed hard alloy head 1 and the cutting pick substrate 3 into a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency of 3.5 kilohertz to heat and weld into a cutting pick;
and step 3: quenching treatment, namely cooling the cutting teeth to 860 ℃, and putting the cutting teeth into 60-degree quenching oil for quenching;
and 4, step 4: and (4) tempering, namely putting the quenched substrate into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes.
And 5: and (4) performing shot blasting treatment, finally performing shot blasting treatment on the tempered cutting pick, and smearing a layer of anti-rust oil on the whole cutting pick after the shot blasting treatment is finished.
The cutting pick substrate 3 is made of 42Crmo ultrahigh-strength steel.
The copper brazing solder is Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn, and the weight ratio of the Cu to the Mn to the Ni to the Si to the Zn is 56%: 6.0%: 8.0%: 0.45%: 33.35 percent.
In the heat welding process, only the shank 32 of the cutting pick body 3 is heated.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a cutting pick, includes carbide head (1) and cutting pick base member (3), cutting pick base member (3) include tooth handle (31) and tooth body (32) that are located tooth handle (31) top, its characterized in that, tooth body (32) terminal surface center is provided with a connecting hole, carbide head connecting portion (2) set up in the connecting hole to be connected with tooth body (32) through brazing, the solder that the brazing used is the brazing material, carbide head connecting portion (2) lower extreme is the toper, the connecting hole shape is the same with carbide head (1) connecting portion shape, there is 0.08 ~ 0.15 mm's clearance in carbide head connecting portion (2) and the connecting hole inner wall, carbide head (1) upper end adopts many tapers to design.
2. A manufacturing method of a cutting pick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: performing early treatment, namely forming a cutting pick base body (3) by adopting a cold extrusion technology, wherein the size of a connecting hole is required to ensure that a gap of 0.08-0.15 mm exists between the inner wall of the connecting hole and a hard alloy head (1), cleaning the connecting hole by using 95-degree ethanol, putting copper brazing solder after cleaning, and smearing a layer of soldering flux on a connecting part (2) of the hard alloy head to be arranged in the connecting hole of a pick body (32);
step 2: heating and welding, namely putting the installed hard alloy head (1) and the cutting pick substrate (3) into a heating furnace with 200KW intermediate frequency of 3.5 kilohertz for heating and welding to form a cutting pick;
and step 3: quenching treatment, namely cooling the cutting teeth to 850-860 ℃, and putting into 60-degree quenching oil for quenching;
and 4, step 4: and (4) tempering, namely putting the quenched substrate into a tunnel tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering at 200 ℃ for 180 minutes.
And 5: and (4) performing shot blasting treatment, finally performing shot blasting treatment on the tempered cutting pick, and smearing a layer of anti-rust oil on the whole cutting pick after the shot blasting treatment is finished.
3. A cutting pick making method according to claim 2, wherein the cutting pick body (3) material is 42Crmo ultra high strength steel.
4. The cutting pick manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the brazing solder is Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn, and the weight ratio of the Cu, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn is 54-56%: 4.0% -6.0%: 6.0% -8.0%: 0.15% -0.45%: 31.35 to 33.35 percent.
5. A cutting pick making method according to claim 2, wherein only the body (32) of the cutting pick body (3) is heated during said heat welding process.
CN202010612460.5A 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Cutting pick and machining method thereof Pending CN111810152A (en)

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CN202010612460.5A CN111810152A (en) 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Cutting pick and machining method thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010612460.5A CN111810152A (en) 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Cutting pick and machining method thereof

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112901164A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-04 武汉玖石超硬材料有限公司 High-impact-resistance high-wear-resistance polycrystalline diamond composite cutting tooth and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105543770A (en) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 湖北鄂瑞孚截齿钻具科技有限公司 Surface treatment technique for cutting pick
CN106148649A (en) * 2015-04-10 2016-11-23 阳谷夏工精锻有限公司 Churning driven wear resistant cutting pick and Technology for Heating Processing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106148649A (en) * 2015-04-10 2016-11-23 阳谷夏工精锻有限公司 Churning driven wear resistant cutting pick and Technology for Heating Processing
CN105543770A (en) * 2015-12-22 2016-05-04 湖北鄂瑞孚截齿钻具科技有限公司 Surface treatment technique for cutting pick

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112901164A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-04 武汉玖石超硬材料有限公司 High-impact-resistance high-wear-resistance polycrystalline diamond composite cutting tooth and manufacturing method thereof

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Application publication date: 20201023

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