CN111810105B - Method for building artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock - Google Patents
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
- F24T2010/53—Methods for installation
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the position of an injection well on the ground, then drilling the injection well, and then arranging a plurality of production wells around the injection well, wherein the depth of each production well is the same as that of the injection well; constructing a drilling and production hole for each production well at a well wall 50-100 m above the deepest part of an injection well, wherein after the drilling and production holes are formed, the bottom of each drilling and production hole is continuously deformed under four forces, and then the hot dry rock below the drilling and production hole is sequentially formed from top to bottom, namely a fracture zone, a deformation zone and an original zone, wherein the hot dry rock in the fracture zone and the deformation zone generates a large number of fractures, so that the hot dry rock is subjected to regional and sufficient pressure relief and cracking, the cracking effect is good, the cracking range is wide, and the fractures are difficult to close; finally, the artificial heat storage with low cost and high efficiency is built, hydraulic fracturing is not needed, water resources are saved, and the permeability of the dry heat rock is improved, so that the artificial heat storage area has high heat exchange capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for building artificial heat storage by using zone fractured dry-hot rock, and belongs to the technical field of utilization of heat energy of the dry-hot rock.
Background
The dry hot rock is a compact impermeable hot rock mass which contains no water or little water and is present in the range of 3000-10000 m deep in the stratum, the temperature is generally 150-650 ℃, and the dry hot rock is a clean and reproducible green resource. The development and utilization of the geothermal energy of the hot dry rock have the following characteristics: (1) the development potential of the geothermal energy of the dry-hot rock is huge. According to estimation, the total amount of geothermal resources of the hot dry rock with the depth of the crust of 3 kilometers and the temperature of more than 200 ℃ is equivalent to 100-1000 times of fossil energy; (2) the geothermal energy is clean, has no pollution, has no harmful gas emission, and has no pollution of other fluids or solid wastes; (3) the development of hot dry rock geothermal energy can provide uninterrupted power supply and is not influenced by natural conditions such as seasons, day and night, climate, regions and the like. Therefore, the development prospect of the hot dry rock is good. However, due to the low permeability of the hot dry rock, the heat exchange fluid is injected into the hot dry rock and can only contact with the surface of the hot dry rock for heat exchange, and then the gas with higher temperature after heat exchange is recycled for subsequent utilization, so that the temperature in the hot dry rock cannot be utilized, and the heat energy utilization rate of the hot dry rock is greatly reduced; therefore, how to increase the contact area between the interior of the hot dry rock and the heat exchange fluid during heat exchange, namely, the permeability of the low-permeability hot dry rock is increased, the heat energy utilization rate of the hot dry rock is further increased, and finally, the artificial heat storage in a larger range is built, which is a difficulty in development and utilization of the hot dry rock. At present, the construction method for artificial heat storage at home and abroad is mainly a hydraulic fracturing method. The hydraulic fracturing is to inject high-pressure fluid into deep dry and hot rock masses through drilling holes, so that the thermal reservoir rock masses are subjected to tensile damage to form cracks. The hydraulic fracturing cost is high, and the formed single high-permeability crack has small heat exchange area and is not suitable for geothermal exploitation; high injection pressures during hydraulic fracturing can cause earthquakes, posing a threat to the safety of construction personnel and surface facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for constructing artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock, which is characterized in that the dry hot rock is subjected to pressure relief and fracturing by using the self-expansion force of the dry hot rock through a construction drilling hole, so that the dry hot rock has better permeability, water resources are not wasted, and the safety of constructors can be ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for building artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock comprises the following specific steps:
A. firstly, defining a hot dry rock development area from the ground, then carrying out geological exploration to obtain the maximum depth and the position of the upper surface of the hot dry rock and the ground in the lower part of the development area, and determining the ground right above the hot dry rock with the maximum depth as the construction position of an injection well;
B. drilling an injection well from the ground to the lower part at the determined construction position, firstly, enabling the depth of the injection well to reach the maximum depth of the hot dry rock obtained by exploration, then, measuring the temperature of the rock mass with the depth by adopting temperature measuring equipment, if the temperature of the rock mass does not exceed 200 ℃, enabling the injection well to continue to be drilled downwards until the measured temperature of the rock mass exceeds 200 ℃, and completing the construction of the injection well;
C. on the ground, selecting a plurality of production well construction positions on a circumference with an injection well as a circle center and a radius of 1000-1200 m, and equally dividing the circumference by the plurality of production well construction positions; constructing a production well at each construction position of the production well from the ground to the lower part, wherein the depth of each production well is the same as that of the injection well;
D. selecting a production well, and continuously drilling a rock stratum from the position to the production well to form a drilling hole by adopting a directional drilling machine at a well wall 50-100 m above the deepest part of an injection well until the drilling hole surrounds the production well, so that the construction of one drilling hole is completed;
E. d, selecting a production well and repeating the step D until each production well completes the construction of drilling and production holes, and an area which is not drilled and produced is reserved between every two adjacent drilling and production holes;
F. waiting for 10-20 days after each drilling hole is formed, and performing pressure relief and cracking on the hot dry rock below by the drilling hole stressed deformation in the time period to finally enable the hot dry rock to generate a large number of cracks and improve the permeability of the hot dry rock so as to form an artificial hot dry rock storage area; and at the moment, water is injected into the injection well, the water enters the cracks generated by the dry hot rock to fully exchange heat with the dry hot rock to generate high-temperature water vapor, the high-temperature water vapor flows in the cracks of the dry hot rock, and then the high-temperature water vapor is extracted from each production well to be extracted from the production well and is utilized subsequently.
The specific process of pressure relief and fracturing is as follows: before drilling and producing the hole, the hot dry rock is in a compressed state under the action of the self-weight stress of the overlying rock body, and certain mechanical energy is stored; after the drilling and production hole is formed, the bottom of the drilling and production hole can bear the acting force generated by self expansion and the expansion acting force of the hot dry rock below the drilling and production hole on the bottom of the drilling and production hole due to the energy stored under compression, the two forces can both force the rock mass below the drilling and production hole to perform expansion movement in the drilling and production hole, and meanwhile, the rock mass below the drilling and production hole is influenced by the gravity action of the overlying rock mass to generate stress concentration, and the stress concentration is transmitted to the rock mass at the bottom of the drilling and production hole through the support and is transmitted to the horizontal; the horizontal extrusion stress is superposed with the original horizontal lateral stress to force the rock mass at the bottom of the drilling hole with a certain distance from the rock pillar to bend and deform upwards, and finally the bottom of the whole drilling hole is in a mechanical state that the upper half part is tensioned and the lower half part is compressed; namely, the bottom of the whole drilling hole is acted by four forces, namely the self expansion acting force of the bottom rock mass, the expansion acting force of the lower dry hot rock to the bottom of the drilling hole, the concentrated stress of surrounding rock pillars and the original horizontal lateral stress. And after the drilling and production hole is formed, the hot dry rock is continuously deformed under the influence of the four forces, so that a fracture zone, a deformation zone and an original zone are sequentially formed from top to bottom, and the hot dry rock in the fracture zone and the deformation zone generates a large number of fractures, so that the hot dry rock is subjected to regional sufficient pressure relief and cracking.
Further, the number of the production wells is 4-8.
Furthermore, the drilling and production hole in the step D is in a fan shape with an injection well as a center of a circle, a radius of 1250-1300 m and an opening angle of 30-60 degrees when viewed from the ground downwards; the shape of the non-drilling area is a sector which takes the injection well as the center of a circle and the radius of the sector is 20-30 times of the radius of the injection well when the non-drilling area is overlooked from the ground. The shape of the drilling hole adopting the structure can improve the pressure relief and cracking of the hot dry rock below; meanwhile, an area which is not drilled is reserved around the production well, so that the well stability of the production well is ensured.
Furthermore, the thickness of the rock stratum drilled by the drilling and production hole is 5-10 m.
Compared with the prior art, the method comprises the steps of firstly determining the position of an injection well on the ground, then drilling the injection well, stopping until the temperature of a rock mass at the deepest part of the injection well exceeds 200 ℃, then arranging a plurality of production wells around the injection well, wherein the depth of each production well is the same as that of the injection well; constructing a drilling and production hole for each production well at a well wall 50-100 m above the deepest part of an injection well, wherein after the drilling and production holes are formed, the bottom of each drilling and production hole is continuously deformed under four forces, and the four forces are the self-expansion acting force of a bottom rock body, the expansion acting force of the lower hot dry rock on the bottom of the drilling and production hole, the concentrated stress of surrounding rock pillars and the original horizontal lateral stress respectively; the fracture zone, the deformation zone and the original zone are formed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hot dry rock in the fracture zone and the deformation zone generates a large number of fractures, so that the hot dry rock is subjected to regional and sufficient pressure relief and fracturing, the fracturing effect is good, the fracturing range is wide, and the fractures are difficult to close; finally, the artificial heat storage is built with low cost and high efficiency, the artificial heat storage area is guaranteed to have a longer service life, and the artificial heat storage area has higher heat exchange capacity due to the fact that the permeability of the dry heat rock is improved, and the artificial heat storage area has wide practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a construction employing the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. injection well, 2, production well, 3, drilling and production hole, 4, dry heat rock, 5, fracture zone, 6, deformation zone, 7, original zone, 8, non-drilling and production zone.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. firstly, defining a hot dry rock development area from the ground, then carrying out geological exploration to obtain the maximum depth and the position of the upper surface of the hot dry rock 4 and the ground in the lower part of the development area, and determining the ground right above the hot dry rock 4 with the maximum depth as the construction position of an injection well 1;
B. drilling an injection well 1 from the ground to the lower part at the determined construction position, firstly, enabling the depth of the injection well 1 to reach the maximum depth of the dry hot rock 4 obtained by exploration, then, measuring the temperature of the rock mass with the depth by adopting temperature measuring equipment, if the temperature of the rock mass does not exceed 200 ℃, enabling the injection well 1 to continue to be drilled downwards until the measured temperature of the rock mass exceeds 200 ℃, and completing the construction of the injection well 1;
C. on the ground, selecting a plurality of production well 2 construction positions on a circumference with the injection well 1 as a circle center and the radius of 1000-1200 m, and equally dividing the circumference by the plurality of production well 2 construction positions; constructing a production well 2 at the construction position of each production well 2 from the ground to the lower part, wherein the depth of each production well 2 is the same as that of the injection well 1;
D. selecting a production well 2, and continuously drilling a rock stratum from the position to the production well 2 to form a drilling and production hole 3 at a well wall 50-100 m above the deepest part of the injection well 1 by using a directional drilling machine until the drilling and production hole 3 surrounds the production well 2 to stop, so that the construction of one drilling and production hole 3 is completed;
E. d, selecting one production well 2 and repeating the step D until each production well 2 completes the construction of the drilling and production hole 3, and an area 8 which is not drilled and produced is reserved between the adjacent drilling and production holes 3;
F. waiting for 10-20 days after each drilling and production hole 3 is formed, and performing pressure relief and cracking on the hot dry rock 4 below by the aid of forced deformation of the drilling and production hole 3 in the time period, so that the hot dry rock 4 generates a large number of cracks to improve the permeability of the hot dry rock, and an artificial hot dry rock storage area is formed; at the moment, water is injected into the injection well 1, the water enters the cracks generated by the dry hot rock 4 and fully exchanges heat with the dry hot rock 4 to generate high-temperature water vapor, the high-temperature water vapor flows in the cracks of the dry hot rock 4, and then the high-temperature water vapor is extracted from each production well 2 and is pumped out from the production wells 2 for subsequent utilization.
The specific process of pressure relief and fracturing is as follows: before the drilling and production hole 3 is formed, the hot dry rock 4 is in a compressed state under the action of the gravity stress of the overlying rock body, and certain mechanical energy is stored; after the drilling and production hole 4 is formed, because the energy stored by compression can enable the bottom of the drilling and production hole 4 to bear the acting force generated by self expansion and the expansion acting force of the hot dry rock 4 below the drilling and production hole 3 to the bottom of the drilling and production hole, the two forces can both force the rock mass below the drilling and production hole 3 to perform expansion movement towards the drilling and production hole 3, and meanwhile, the rock mass below the drilling and production hole 3 is influenced by the gravity action of the overlying rock mass to generate stress concentration, and the stress concentration is transmitted to the rock mass at the bottom of the drilling and production hole 3 through the support and is transmitted to the; the horizontal extrusion stress is superposed with the original horizontal lateral stress to force the rock mass at the bottom of the drilling hole 3 which is at a certain distance from the rock pillar to bend and deform upwards, and finally the bottom of the whole drilling hole 3 is in a mechanical state that the upper half part is tensioned and the lower half part is compressed; namely, the bottom of the whole drilling and production hole 3 is acted by four forces, namely the self expansion acting force of the bottom rock mass, the expansion acting force of the lower dry hot rock 4 to the bottom of the drilling and production hole 3, the concentrated stress of the surrounding rock pillars and the original horizontal lateral stress. After the drilling and production hole 3 is formed, the drilling and production hole is continuously deformed under the influence of the four forces, and then the hot dry rock 4 below the drilling and production hole is sequentially formed from top to bottom, wherein a fractured zone 5, a deformed zone 6 and an original zone 7 are formed, and a large number of fractures are generated in the hot dry rock 4 positioned in the fractured zone 5 and the deformed zone 6, so that the hot dry rock 4 is subjected to regional sufficient pressure relief and cracking.
The temperature measuring equipment and the directional drilling machine are both existing equipment.
Further, the number of the production wells 2 is 4-8.
Furthermore, the drilling and production hole 3 in the step D is in a fan shape which takes the injection well 1 as the center of a circle, has a radius of 1250-1300 m and an opening angle of 30-60 degrees when viewed from the ground downwards; the shape of the non-drilling area 8 is a sector which takes the injection well 1 as the center and the radius of which is 20-30 times of the radius of the injection well 1 when being overlooked from the ground. The shape of the drilling hole 3 adopting the structure can improve the pressure relief and cracking of the hot dry rock 4 below; meanwhile, an undrilled area 8 is left around the production well 2, so that the well stability of the production well 2 is ensured.
Furthermore, the thickness of the rock stratum drilled by the drilling hole 3 is 5-10 m.
Claims (3)
1. A method for building artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. firstly, defining a hot dry rock development area from the ground, then carrying out geological exploration to obtain the maximum depth and the position of the upper surface of the hot dry rock and the ground in the lower part of the development area, and determining the ground right above the hot dry rock with the maximum depth as the construction position of an injection well;
B. drilling an injection well from the ground to the lower part at the determined construction position, firstly, enabling the depth of the injection well to reach the maximum depth of the hot dry rock obtained by exploration, then, measuring the temperature of the rock mass with the depth by adopting temperature measuring equipment, if the temperature of the rock mass does not exceed 200 ℃, enabling the injection well to continue to be drilled downwards until the measured temperature of the rock mass exceeds 200 ℃, and completing the construction of the injection well;
C. on the ground, selecting a plurality of production well construction positions on a circumference with an injection well as a circle center and a radius of 1000-1200 m, and equally dividing the circumference by the plurality of production well construction positions; constructing a production well at each construction position of the production well from the ground to the lower part, wherein the depth of each production well is the same as that of the injection well;
D. selecting a production well, and continuously drilling a rock stratum from the position to the production well to form a drilling hole by adopting a directional drilling machine at a well wall 50-100 m above the deepest part of an injection well until the drilling hole surrounds the production well, so that the construction of one drilling hole is completed; the drilling and production hole is in a fan shape which takes the injection well as the center of a circle, has a radius of 1250-1300 m and an opening angle of 30-60 degrees when being overlooked from the ground;
E. d, selecting a production well and repeating the step D until each production well completes the construction of drilling and production holes, and an area which is not drilled and produced is reserved between every two adjacent drilling and production holes; the shape of the non-drilling area is a sector with an injection well as a center of a circle and the radius of the sector being 20-30 times of the radius of the injection well when the non-drilling area is overlooked from the ground;
F. waiting for 10-20 days after each drilling and production hole is formed, and continuously applying four forces to the bottom of each drilling and production hole to deform in the time period, wherein the four forces are the self expansion acting force of the bottom rock mass, the expansion acting force of the lower dry-hot rock to the bottom of the drilling and production hole, the concentrated stress of surrounding rock pillars and the original horizontal lateral stress; the crack zone, the deformation zone and the original zone are formed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hot dry rock in the crack zone and the deformation zone generates a large number of cracks to carry out regional pressure relief and cracking on the hot dry rock; finally, the permeability of the hot dry rock is improved, and an artificial hot dry rock storage area is formed; and at the moment, water is injected into the injection well, the water enters the cracks generated by the dry hot rock to fully exchange heat with the dry hot rock to generate high-temperature water vapor, the high-temperature water vapor flows in the cracks of the dry hot rock, and then the high-temperature water vapor is extracted from each production well to be extracted from the production well and is utilized subsequently.
2. The method for constructing the artificial heat storage by locally fracturing the hot dry rock according to claim 1, wherein the number of the production wells is 4.
3. The method for constructing the artificial heat storage by using the zone fracturing hot dry rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the rock stratum drilled by drilling and production holes is 5-10 m.
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| CN202010685698.0A CN111810105B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Method for building artificial heat storage by using regional fractured dry hot rock |
| NL2027102A NL2027102B1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-14 | A method for constructing artificial geothermal reservoir by regionally cracking hot dry rocks |
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| CN116164426A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-05-26 | 四川大学 | Method for building dry thermal rock artificial heat storage by deep folds |
| CN114961668B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-12-29 | 太原理工大学 | Fracture type dry hot rock reservoir double inclined shaft sectional regulation and control reinforced heat collection method |
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| CN109505580A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-22 | 东北大学 | A kind of radial well low temperature underground heat recovery method |
| CN110206526A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-06 | 山东科技大学 | Prevent the design method and application method of the enhanced geothermal system of Tectonic earthquake |
| CN111155979A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 山东科技大学 | Method for building artificial hot dry rock heat storage by cooperation of hydraulic fracturing and millisecond differential blasting |
| CN111119830A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | Hot dry rock thermal reservoir transformation method for preventing induced earthquake |
Also Published As
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| CN111810105A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
| NL2027102B1 (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| NL2027102A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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