CN111809579A - Self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin - Google Patents
Self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin Download PDFInfo
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- CN111809579A CN111809579A CN202010625320.1A CN202010625320A CN111809579A CN 111809579 A CN111809579 A CN 111809579A CN 202010625320 A CN202010625320 A CN 202010625320A CN 111809579 A CN111809579 A CN 111809579A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
- E02B9/06—Pressure galleries or pressure conduits; Galleries specially adapted to house pressure conduits; Means specially adapted for use therewith, e.g. housings, valves, gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin, which is characterized in that a reverse arc attaching corner and a reverse arc falling sill are arranged at the connecting position of a chute and the stilling basin, ventilating vertical shafts are arranged at two sides of a side wall at the head part of the stilling basin, a flow dividing pier and a middle partition wall are arranged at the middle part of the stilling basin, lateral attaching corners are arranged at the middle parts and the tail parts of the side wall and the middle partition wall of the stilling basin, and stilling sills are arranged at the middle part and the tail part of a bottom plate of the stilling basin, so that binary hydraulic jump of a conventional stilling basin can be converted into ternary hydraulic jump, the strong friction mixing action of a water body in the hydraulic jump can be enhanced, the energy dissipation power of the stilling basin is improved, the length and the depth of the conventional stilling basin are shortened, the engineering quantity of the stilling basin is reduced, the engineering investment is reduced, the ventilating vertical shafts can carry out autonomous aeration at the bottom of the stilling basin, a large amount of air is forced to be, the aeration concentration of the water body is ensured, the cavitation damage of the bottom plate and the side wall of the stilling pool is avoided, and the safety of the structure is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
Background
In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, to high-speed rivers of letting down, for alleviateing the washing away of the natural river course behind the dam, guarantee the safety of dam main part, mainly adopt three kinds of energy dissipation modes to carry out the energy dissipation to rivers of letting down: trajectory energy dissipation, underflow energy dissipation and surface flow energy dissipation. When the topography condition of the energy dissipation area of the downward flow is limited, the erosion resistance of the riverbed at the river bank is poor, the downstream water level is shallow, and the water level amplitude is large, the energy dissipation mode of the downward flow mostly adopts an underflow energy dissipation mode. The underflow energy dissipation means that a stilling basin is arranged at an outlet of a underflow water flow, and the water flow is locally suddenly changed when the water flow is transited from a rapid flow to a slow flow, so that the water flow is promoted to generate hydraulic jump within a limited range, and energy is consumed through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow.
The hydraulic energy dissipation has the advantages of stable flow state, better energy dissipation effect, strong adaptability to geological conditions and tail water amplitude variation, small tail water fluctuation, low maintenance cost and the like. The conventional stilling pool is connected with a chute by adopting a reverse arc section or a drop sill, a tail sill is usually arranged at the tail end of the stilling pool, so that water flow forms binary hydraulic energy dissipation in the stilling pool, and the water flow in a hydraulic zone can be divided into two parts, namely, the upper part is continuously overturned and rolled, and is white due to air doping; the lower part is the main flow and is the region where the flow velocity changes sharply. The flow velocity gradient on the interface of the two parts is large, the turbulent mixing is strong, liquid particles continuously cross the interface for exchange, and a large amount of mechanical energy is consumed due to the strong friction mixing of the water body in the hydraulic jump. However, when the conventional stilling pool structure is adopted, in order to form a complete binary hydraulic jump, the stilling pool is often long in length and deep in depth, so that the excavation amount of earth and stone and the concrete pouring amount are large, and the engineering investment is increased. In addition, the flow velocity is maximum when the downward flow in the chute flows to the head of the stilling pool, and the conventional thinking is that when the downward flow velocity is more than 35m/s, the bottom plate and the side wall of the stilling pool are easy to generate cavitation erosion damage, so that the safety of the structure is endangered, and the conventional stilling pool does not have special aeration erosion reduction measures. Therefore, how to effectively ensure the occurrence of the hydraulic jump in a limited length and enhance the strong friction mixing effect of the water body inside the hydraulic jump to improve the energy dissipation power of the stilling pool is the key to reduce the engineering quantity of the stilling pool and reduce the engineering investment, and meanwhile, special aeration equipment needs to be arranged on the stilling pool to ensure the safety of the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-aeration ternary water jump stilling basin to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin comprises stilling basin side walls and a stilling basin bottom plate, wherein the stilling basin side walls and the stilling basin bottom plate are respectively connected with the side walls and the bottom plate of an upstream chute, and a flow dividing pier and a middle partition wall are arranged in the middle of the stilling basin; the upper surface of the flow distribution pier adopts an oblique semicircular design, the thickness and the height of the flow distribution pier gradually change from the upstream to the downstream, the flow distribution pier is connected with the middle partition wall, a reverse arc falling ridge is arranged on a bottom plate at the connection position of the relief groove and the stilling pool, reverse arc attaching corners are arranged on the side walls at the two sides of the stilling pool at the head end of the stilling pool, ventilation shafts are arranged at the side walls at the two sides of the stilling pool, the ventilation shafts are close to the reverse arc falling ridge, an air inlet hole is arranged at the bottom of the ventilation shafts, stilling ridges are arranged at the middle part and the tail part of the bottom plate of the stilling pool, and lateral attaching.
Further, the arc radius of the reverse arc drop sill is R1, R1 is 4 h-10 h, and h is the water depth at the lowest position of the reverse arc when the check flood gate is fully opened.
Further, the reverse arc falling sill is tangent to the chute bottom plate; the reverse arc falling sill and the stilling pool bottom plate have a certain height difference H1, H1 is between 0.1H and 0.3H, and H is the height of the known stilling pool side wall.
Further, the surface of the reverse arc falling threshold is a circular arc curve, the radius of the circular arc is R1, R1 is between 1H and 2.5H, and an upward angle alpha is formed, and the angle alpha is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees.
Further, the reverse arc fillet surface is a circular arc curve, the circular arc radius is R2, R2 is between 0.3H and 0.6H, and an inward angle beta is formed, and the beta angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 25 degrees.
Furthermore, the width of the tail part of the reverse arc fillet is B2, B2 is 0.15B 1-0.3B 1, and B1 is the width from the intermediate wall to the side wall of the stilling pool.
Further, the surface of the absorption sill adopts an arc curve, a certain height difference H2 is formed between the tail of the absorption sill and the bottom plate of the absorption tank, H2 is between 0.1H and 0.25H, the radius of the arc of the absorption sill 9 is R3, R3 is between 1.5H and 3H, an upward angle is formed, and the angle is between 10 degrees and 20 degrees.
Further, the lateral fillet surface adopts an arc curve, the radius of the arc is R4, R4 is between 0.4H and 0.8H, and an inward angle gamma is formed, and the angle gamma is between 10 degrees and 20 degrees; the width of the lateral corner fitting tail part is B3, and B3 is 0.1B 1-0.25B 1.
The invention has the core innovation point that the absorption basin has a unique body structure, the structural form of the traditional conventional absorption basin is changed, the connecting position of the chute and the absorption basin is provided with the reverse arc attaching angle and the reverse arc falling bank, the two sides of the side wall at the head part of the absorption basin are provided with the ventilation vertical shafts, meanwhile, the middle part of the absorption basin is provided with the flow dividing pier and the middle partition wall, the middle parts and the tail parts of the side wall and the middle partition wall of the absorption basin are provided with the lateral attaching angle, and the middle parts and the tail parts of the bottom plate of the absorption basin are provided with the absorption banks, so that the invention has the following effects:
(1) the pool that disappears middle part sets up reposition of redundant personnel mound and mid-board, when the pool width that disappears is great, can suitably add the number of reposition of redundant personnel mound and mid-board, can strengthen the restraint of the interior water of pool that disappears, and reposition of redundant personnel mound upper surface adopts the semi-circular design of slant, and reposition of redundant personnel mound thickness and height gradually change from the upper reaches to downstream, can guarantee the rivers flow state, avoid the hydrofoil too high, splash to lead to the vibrations of pier head structure.
(2) The bottom plate of the connecting position of the discharge chute and the stilling pool is provided with the inverse arc drop sill, the upper stream of the inverse arc drop sill is tangent to the bottom plate of the discharge chute, the smooth flow is ensured, the lower stream and the bottom plate of the stilling pool have certain height difference, the high-speed downward discharge flow enters the stilling pool and then is at a certain height away from the bottom plate of the stilling pool, the bottom plate of the stilling pool can form a water cushion with a certain depth, the pulsating pressure of the bottom plate of the stilling pool is reduced, and the phenomenon that the pulsating pressure of the bottom plate of the stilling pool is too large.
(3) The side walls at the connecting positions of the chute and the stilling pool are provided with the reverse arc attaching corners, water flows at the side walls on two sides are guided to the middle part of the stilling pool to a certain degree under the action of the reverse arc attaching corners, water flows at the bottom are guided to the upward direction to a certain degree under the action of the reverse arc falling ridges, and the water flows are mixed with each other, so that turbulent energy consumption is enhanced, and energy dissipation power is improved.
(4) The aeration vertical shafts are arranged on the side walls on two sides of the head of the stilling pool, are close to the reverse arc falling bank, and are provided with air inlet holes at the bottom.
(5) The bottom plate of the stilling pool is provided with stilling ridges in the middle and at the tail, the stilling ridges are of arc structures, water at the bottom of the stilling pool can be guided to the upper oblique direction, lateral attaching angles are arranged at the middle and at the tail of the side wall and the middle partition wall of the stilling pool, the lateral attaching angles are of arc structures, water can be guided to the middle, water flows in the stilling pool are mixed with each other, turbulent energy consumption is enhanced, energy dissipation power is improved, and the length of the stilling pool can be greatly shortened.
(6) By adjusting the curvature radius and the structural size of the reverse arc attaching angle, the reverse arc falling sill, the lateral attaching angle and the stilling sill, the flow state of water flow in the stilling pool can be controlled, the water flow is mixed with each other, turbulent energy consumption of the water flow is enhanced, and the energy power of the stilling pool is improved. The arrangement of the arc-shaped lateral fillets on the side walls at the tail of the stilling pool strengthens turbulent energy consumption of water flow, and can control the direction of water flow out of the pool by adjusting the arc-shaped curvature and the structural size of the lateral fillets, so that the water flow is guided to the middle part of a downstream riverbed, the water flow out of the pool is prevented from scouring bank slopes, and the protection work amount of the bank slopes on two sides can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a floor plan of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view (with the intermediate wall visible) of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-stilling pool side wall; 2-stilling pool bottom plate; 3-a flow dividing pier; 4-an intermediate wall; 5-a ventilation shaft; 6-attaching corners to the reverse arc; 7-arc drop of bank; 8-attaching corners laterally; 9-Xiaolikan; 10-chute.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention includes the following components: the absorption basin comprises absorption basin side walls 1, absorption basin bottom plates 2, flow dividing piers 3, a middle partition wall 4, a ventilation vertical shaft 5, reverse arc attaching corners 6, reverse arc falling sills 7, lateral attaching corners 8, absorption sills 9 and discharge chutes 10.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
stilling pool side wall 1 and stilling pool bottom plate 2 meet with upstream let-off groove 10 side wall and bottom plate respectively, and stilling pool middle part sets up reposition of redundant personnel mound 3 and mid-board 4, and the width of mid-board 4 to stilling pool side wall 1 is B1, and the B1 width is confirmed according to actual conditions, when let-off groove 10 width B is great, can increase the quantity of reposition of redundant personnel mound 3 and mid-board 4 to strengthen the restraint of the interior water of stilling pool. The upper surface of the flow dividing pier 3 adopts an oblique semicircular design, the thickness and the height of the flow dividing pier 3 gradually change from upstream to downstream and are connected with the intermediate wall 4, the flow state of water flow can be ensured, and the thickness of the intermediate wall 4 is not suitable to be less than 60 cm.
The bottom plate at the connecting position of the chute 10 and the stilling basin is provided with an anti-arc drop sill 7, the arc radius of the anti-arc drop sill 7 is R1, R1 is (4-10) h (h is the water depth at the lowest position of the anti-arc when the check flood level gate is fully opened, the water depth can be calculated according to an energy formula, and when the flow speed is high, the flow speed should be large. The reverse arc falling sill 7 is tangent to the bottom plate of the chute 10 to ensure the smoothness of the downward discharge water flow; the reverse arc falling sill 7 and the stilling pool bottom plate 2 have a certain height difference H1, H1 is between 0.1H and 0.3H (H is the known height of the side wall of the stilling pool), and the stilling pool bottom plate 2 can form a water cushion with a certain depth; the surface of the reverse arc falling threshold 7 is a circular arc curve, the radius of the circular arc is R1, R1 is between 1H and 2.5H, and an upward angle alpha is formed (the alpha angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 30 degrees, and when the flow speed is high, the alpha angle should be small).
The side walls at two sides of the stilling pool at the head end of the stilling pool are provided with reverse arc attaching angles 6, the surface of each reverse arc attaching angle 6 is an arc curve, the radius of each arc is R2, R2 is 0.3H-0.6H, and an inward angle beta is formed (the beta angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 25 degrees, and when the flow rate is high, the beta angle should be small). The tail width of the reverse arc fillet 6 is B2, and B2 is 0.15B 1-0.3B 1.
And the ventilation vertical shafts 5 are arranged on the side walls on two sides of the head part of the stilling pool, the ventilation vertical shafts 5 are close to the reverse arc falling sill 7, the bottoms of the ventilation vertical shafts 5 are provided with air inlet holes, and the bottoms of the stilling pool can be aerated independently by the arrangement of the ventilation vertical shafts 5. The size of the ventilation vertical shaft 5 is determined according to the actual situation, so that the aeration concentration of the water body close to the wall is ensured to be not lower than 7%.
The middle part and the tail part of the stilling pool bottom plate 2 are provided with stilling sills 9, the surface of the stilling sill 9 adopts an arc curve, water at the bottom of the stilling pool can be guided obliquely upwards, the tail part of the stilling sill 9 and the stilling pool bottom plate 2 form a certain height difference H2, H2 is 0.1H-0.25H, the arc radius of the stilling sill 9 is R3, R3 is 1.5H-3H, an upward angle is formed, and the angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 20 degrees.
Lateral attaching angles 8 are arranged at the middle parts and the tail parts of the side walls 1 and the intermediate walls 4 of the stilling pool, the surfaces of the lateral attaching angles 8 adopt arc curves, the arc radius is R4, R4 is between 0.4H and 0.8H, an inward angle gamma is formed, the gamma angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 20 degrees, and water can be guided to the middle parts. The tail width of the lateral fillet 8 is B3, and B3 is 0.1B 1-0.25B 1.
Of course, the above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a from aeration ternary water jump stilling basin, includes stilling basin side wall (1) and stilling basin bottom plate (2), its characterized in that: the side wall (1) and the bottom plate (2) of the stilling pool are respectively connected with the side wall and the bottom plate of the upstream chute (10), and the middle part of the stilling pool is provided with a flow dividing pier (3) and a middle partition wall (4); the upper surface of the flow dividing pier (3) adopts a slant semicircular design, the thickness and the height of the flow dividing pier (3) gradually change from the upstream to the downstream, the flow dividing pier is connected with the intermediate wall (4), the reverse arc falling threshold (7) is arranged on the bottom plate at the connection position of the chute (10) and the stilling pool, the reverse arc fillet (6) is arranged on the side walls at the two sides of the stilling pool at the head end of the stilling pool, the ventilation vertical shaft (5) is arranged at the side walls at the two sides of the stilling pool, the ventilation vertical shaft (5) is next to the reverse arc falling threshold (7), an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the ventilation vertical shaft (5), the stilling pool (9) is arranged at the middle part and the tail part of the stilling pool bottom plate (2), and the lateral fillets (8) are arranged at.
2. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 1, wherein: the arc radius of the reverse arc falling sill (7) is R1, R1 is 4-10 h, and h is the water depth at the lowest position of the reverse arc when the check flood level gate is fully opened.
3. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 2, wherein: the reverse arc falling sill (7) is tangent to the bottom plate of the chute (10); the reverse arc falling sill (7) and the stilling pool bottom plate (2) have a certain height difference H1, H1 is between 0.1H and 0.3H, and H is the height of the known stilling pool side wall.
4. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 3, wherein: the surface of the reverse arc falling threshold (7) is an arc curve, the radius of the arc is R1, R1 is between 1H and 2.5H, and an upward angle alpha is formed, and the angle alpha is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees.
5. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 3, wherein: the surface of the reverse arc fillet (6) is an arc curve, the radius of the arc is R2, R2 is between 0.3H and 0.6H, and an inward angle beta is formed, and the beta angle is preferably between 10 degrees and 25 degrees.
6. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 5, wherein: the width of the tail of the reverse arc fillet (6) is B2, B2 is 0.15B 1-0.3B 1, and B1 is the width from the intermediate wall (4) to the stilling pool side wall (1).
7. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 6, wherein: the surface of the stilling threshold (9) adopts an arc curve, the tail part of the stilling threshold (9) and the stilling pool bottom plate (2) form a certain height difference H2, H2 is between 0.1H and 0.25H, the arc radius of the stilling threshold (9) is R3, R3 is between 1.5H and 3H, an upward angle is formed, and the angle is between 10 degrees and 20 degrees.
8. The self-aerating ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin of claim 6, wherein: the surface of the lateral fillet (8) adopts an arc curve, the radius of the arc is R4, R4 is between 0.4H and 0.8H, and an inward angle gamma is formed, and the angle gamma is between 10 degrees and 20 degrees; the tail width of the lateral fillet (8) is B3, and B3 is 0.1B 1-0.25B 1.
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| CN202010625320.1A CN111809579B (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin |
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| CN202010625320.1A CN111809579B (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Self-aeration ternary hydraulic jump stilling basin |
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| CN111809579B CN111809579B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112982328A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-18 | 四川大学 | Sudden expansion and sudden drop arc-shaped gate rear wall aeration structure |
| CN113931144A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-14 | 中国水利水电建设工程咨询西北有限公司 | Energy dissipation scour protection structure of diversion tunnel export |
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| RU2266363C1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-12-20 | Хаширова Татьяна Юрьевна | Method for flexible interface structure construction |
| CN207314297U (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fall bank stiling basin |
| CN109056668A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of anti-cavitation facility of Stepped Spillway flaring gate pier tail portion |
| CN109750641A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-14 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Energy dissipation below spillway arragement construction when the difference discharge structure centralized arrangement of hydroelectric project bank |
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2020
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4560304A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-12-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method and apparatus for impeding sediment deposition in harbors and navigation channels |
| RU2266363C1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-12-20 | Хаширова Татьяна Юрьевна | Method for flexible interface structure construction |
| CN207314297U (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fall bank stiling basin |
| CN109056668A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of anti-cavitation facility of Stepped Spillway flaring gate pier tail portion |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112982328A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-18 | 四川大学 | Sudden expansion and sudden drop arc-shaped gate rear wall aeration structure |
| CN113931144A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-14 | 中国水利水电建设工程咨询西北有限公司 | Energy dissipation scour protection structure of diversion tunnel export |
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| CN111809579B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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