CN111809169A

CN111809169A - Continuous capsule furnace

Info

Publication number: CN111809169A
Application number: CN202010647011.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李永传
Original assignee: KUNSHAN HOPO ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: Anhui Hebo Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-07
Filing date: 2020-07-07
Publication date: 2020-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-07
Also published as: CN111809169B

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous capsule furnace, which comprises a feeding structure, a thermal decomposition mechanism, a cooling blanking mechanism, a steam heating mechanism and an electric cabinet, wherein the thermal decomposition mechanism is provided with a dehydration cavity, a turnover cavity and a decomposition cavity, the feeding mechanism sends impregnated tantalum capacitors into the thermal decomposition mechanism, dehydration is carried out through the dehydration cavity, the turnover cavity is in reaction state transition, the decomposition cavity is in oxidation reaction, steam is provided through the steam heating mechanism in the reaction process, and cooling and blanking are carried out through the cooling blanking mechanism after reaction. The structure in the thermal decomposition chamber is optimized, so that the internal temperature is uniform, the wind speed is uniform and controllable, the oxygen content is accurately adjustable and controllable, and the capsule effect is improved.

Description

Continuous capsule furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of a capsule furnace, in particular to a continuous capsule furnace.

Background

The capsule furnace is a device for coating the tantalum capacitor, the capsule is a process of putting the tantalum capacitor dipped with manganese nitrate solution into the furnace for thermal decomposition for many times to form a layer of manganese dioxide film, the capsule furnace in China is introduced from abroad early, the development of domestic industrial technology is tried, and some capsule furnace production enterprises are developed in China, but the capsule furnace produced in China has the following problems: 1) the temperature uniformity has large deviation and the internal temperature is not uniform; 2) uniformity of internal wind speed is difficult to control; 3) the concentration of oxygen content during thermal decomposition cannot be accurately adjusted and controlled, and the performance of the domestic capsule furnace cannot reach the standard due to the problems, so that the capsule effect of the product cannot be expected, and the quality of the product is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a continuous capsule furnace, which optimizes the structure in a thermal decomposition chamber, so that the internal temperature is uniform, the wind speed is uniform and controllable, the oxygen content is accurately adjustable and controllable, and the capsule effect is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a continuous capsule furnace comprises a feeding mechanism, a thermal decomposition mechanism, a cooling and blanking mechanism, an electric cabinet and a steam heating mechanism for providing steam to the thermal decomposition mechanism, wherein:

the thermal decomposition mechanism is provided with three independent cavities which are respectively a dehydration cavity, a turnover cavity and a decomposition cavity, the dehydration cavity is connected with the feeding mechanism, a feed inlet is formed in the joint, the decomposition cavity is connected with the cooling and blanking mechanism, a discharge outlet is formed in the joint, a material passing port is formed between the dehydration cavity and the turnover cavity and between the turnover cavity and the decomposition cavity, entrance guards are arranged at the feed inlet, the material passing port and the discharge outlet, and a steam feeding port is formed in the side surface of the decomposition cavity and connected with the steam heating mechanism;

the three cavities are divided into an air inlet area, a heating area and a reaction area by partition plates, the air inlet area is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air suction assembly, the air suction assembly sucks air sent by the air inlet pipe to the heating area, an air outlet pipe is arranged in the heating area to discharge redundant hot air, a heating pipe is arranged in the heating area to heat the sent air, air channel partition plates are arranged in the staggered mode to form a rotary air channel, two groups of air deflectors are arranged at the joint of the reaction area and the heating area to introduce the hot air in the heating area into the reaction area, a material conveying assembly is arranged in the reaction area, air equalizing plates are arranged above and below the conveying assembly, air outlet holes are formed in the air equalizing plates, and the hot air below the air outlet holes uniformly and upwards reaches the material to be reflected and continuously upwards enters;

an oxygen content sensor is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is positioned in the reaction zone, and a steam feeding port is positioned in the heating zone.

Preferably, the air deflectors include a first air deflector and a second air deflector, the first air deflector is vertically arranged, and the second air deflector is obliquely arranged.

Preferably, the air suction assembly comprises a motor, a fan blade and a transmission shaft, the fan blade is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft and is arranged in the air inlet area, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor through a transmission wheel and a conveyor belt, and the motor drives the fan blade to rotate to suck air below the fan blade into the heating area.

Preferably, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are provided with valves for regulating the flow of inlet air and outlet air.

Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a rack, a chain conveying assembly mounted on the rack, a conveying bracket for loading the tantalum capacitor and a limiting cylinder, the rack is provided with an upper plate and a lower plate, the chain conveying assembly comprises a conveying chain, a driving motor and two sets of chain wheel fixing shafts, the two sets of chain wheel fixing shafts are respectively mounted on the upper plate and the lower plate, the conveying chain penetrates through the lower plate and the chain wheel fixing shafts of the upper plate to form a complete chain conveying assembly and is driven by the driving motor mounted on the lower plate, the conveying bracket is placed on the conveying chain and is driven by the conveying chain to be conveyed into the thermal decomposition mechanism, and the limiting cylinder is embedded in the upper plate to limit the position of the conveying bracket.

Preferably, cooling unloading mechanism structure includes the unloading frame, unloading chain conveying subassembly, spacing cylinder, cooling blower and upper shield, the unloading frame has upper plate and lower floor's board, cooling blower installs on the lower plate of unloading frame, and the air outlet of fan is just to the conveying bracket on the unloading chain conveying subassembly, and the upper shield is installed in the blanking machine and is located cooling blower's top in addition, and cooling blower blows off cold wind and cools off the material after the reaction, and hot-blast air after the heat exchange is discharged from the air outlet that the upper shield top was seted up.

Preferably, the steam heating mechanism comprises a heating furnace, a water inlet of the heating furnace is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a steam outlet of the heating furnace is connected with a steam inlet port of the decomposition cavity through a steam pipeline, and the steam pipeline is provided with a flow meter for adjusting the steam amount sent into the decomposition cavity.

Preferably, the heating temperature inside the dehydration cavity is 150 ℃, the heating temperature inside the turnover cavity is 225 ℃, and the heating temperature inside the decomposition cavity is 300 ℃.

Preferably, the dewatering cavity and the turnover cavity pre-feeding mechanism share one conveying assembly, and the decomposition cavity is an independent conveying assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the continuous capsule furnace disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

uniformity of temperature: the interior of the cavity is divided into functional areas, and a staggered partition plate is adopted for a heating area to be provided with a rotary air channel, so that the entering cold air flows in a rotary manner, the sufficient and uniform heating is realized in the flowing process, the uniform temperature of the hot air entering a reaction area is ensured, and meanwhile, the constant control of the interior temperature is realized by matching with a temperature sensor and the air volume adjustment of an air inlet and an air outlet, and the temperature value during the reaction is ensured;

the uniformity of the wind speed is realized by adopting an air deflector to gradually send the hot air in the heating area into the reaction area and matching with an air-equalizing plate to uniformly and upwardly transmit the wind in one surface, so that the uniformity of the wind speed of the hot air at the reaction position is ensured;

the oxygen content is accurately controlled by adopting an oxygen content sensor to be matched with a flowmeter on a water vapor heating mechanism, so that the oxygen content of the decomposition cavity is accurately controlled;

the turnover cavity is additionally arranged, so that the reaction temperature of the materials is gradually increased, and the stability of the reaction is ensured;

three cavity all is independent cavity, adopts entrance guard to keep apart each other, ensures the stability of inside temperature during the reaction, especially to decomposing the chamber, adopts independent conveying assembly to ensure that entrance guard closes completely for inside is an airtight space, and then temperature value and oxygen content when guaranteeing to decompose are, and the lifting performance is thereby ensured to be touched the effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural view of a loading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural view of a thermal decomposition mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dewatering chamber and the turnover chamber in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a decomposition chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a view showing the flow of air inside the chamber of the thermal decomposition mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a structural view of a cooling and blanking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural view of a steam heating mechanism in the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a structural diagram of an electric cabinet in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the attached drawings, 1-a feeding structure, 2-a thermal decomposition mechanism, 3-a cooling blanking mechanism, 4-a steam heating mechanism, 5-an electric cabinet, 6-a dehydration cavity, 7-a turnover cavity, 8-a decomposition cavity, 11-a frame, 111-an upper plate, 112-a lower plate, 113-a column, 114-a supporting leg, 12-a chain transmission component, 121-a transmission chain, 122-a driving motor, 123-a chain wheel fixing shaft, 124-a chain wheel, 13-a transmission bracket, 14-a limiting cylinder, 15-a bracket, 16-a connecting block, 21-an overhaul safety door, 22-a feeding port, 23-a discharging port, 24-a passing port, 25-a cylinder, 26-an air inlet pipe, 27-an exhaust pipe and 28-a steam feeding port, 29-driving motor, 31-blanking rack, 32-blanking chain transmission component, 33-limiting cylinder, 34-cooling fan, 35-upper cover, 36-air outlet, 41-heating furnace, 42-water inlet pipe, 43-filtering pipe, 44-steam outlet, 45-steam pipe, 46-flowmeter, 51-box, 52-control button, 53-display screen, 61-cavity, 62-baffle, 63-air inlet area, 64-heating area, 641-heating pipe, 642-heater, 643-air channel baffle, 644-steam inlet, 65-reaction area, 651-first air deflector, 652-second air deflector, 653-air-equalizing plate, 654-second air-equalizing plate, 655-temperature sensor, 656-oxygen content sensor, 66-air suction component, 661-motor, 662-fan blade, 663-transmission shaft, 664-transmission wheel, 665-conveyor belt and 67-valve.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

The invention discloses a continuous capsule furnace, which mainly realizes the thermal decomposition operation of tantalum capacitors impregnated with manganese nitrate solution and comprises automatic feeding before the thermal decomposition operation and automatic blanking after the thermal decomposition, and the specific structure is shown in figure 1, and the continuous capsule furnace comprises a feeding structure 1, a thermal decomposition mechanism 2, a cooling blanking mechanism 3, a steam heating mechanism 4 and an electric cabinet 5, wherein the feeding mechanism feeds the impregnated tantalum capacitors into the thermal decomposition mechanism, the tantalum capacitors are dehydrated through a dehydration cavity 6, a turnover cavity 7 is in reaction state transition, a decomposition cavity 8 is in oxidation reaction, steam is provided through the steam heating mechanism in the reaction process, and the tantalum capacitors are cooled and blanked through the cooling blanking mechanism after the reaction.

The following is a detailed description of the structure of each part:

as shown in fig. 2, the feeding mechanism includes a frame 11, a chain conveying assembly 12 mounted on the frame, a conveying bracket 13 for loading tantalum capacitors, and a limiting cylinder 14, the frame has an upper plate 111, a lower plate 112, and a plurality of upright posts 113 connecting the upper plate and the lower plate, supporting legs 114 are provided at four corners of the back of the lower plate, the chain conveying assembly includes a conveying chain 121, a driving motor 122, two sets of sprocket fixing shafts 123 respectively mounted on the upper plate and the lower plate, two ends of the sprocket fixing shafts are provided with sprockets 124, the two sets of conveying chains pass through the sprockets on the sprocket fixing shafts of the lower plate, the sprockets on the sprocket fixing shafts of the upper plate form a complete chain conveying assembly, and the driving motor 122 is mounted on the lower plate and connected with one set of conveying chains to form a drive. Because the other end of the chain transmission component extends into the thermal decomposition mechanism, the structure of the other end is not shown in the schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism, in order to realize auxiliary supporting, a support 15 is fixed on the upper plate and supports the bottom of the transmission chain on the upper plate, the transmission bracket is placed on the transmission chain and is driven by the transmission chain to be sent into the thermal decomposition mechanism, in order to realize the connection between the feeding mechanism and the thermal decomposition mechanism, a connecting block 16 is arranged on the upright post to realize the connection with the thermal decomposition mechanism, the limiting cylinder is embedded in the upper plate to limit the position of the transmission bracket, the limiting cylinder is retracted after the tantalum capacitor is loaded so that the transmission bracket can move along the transmission chain to carry out feeding, and the chain transmission component is a conventional transmission mechanism, so the invention does not describe all details, for the non-depicted structural parts reference can be made to existing chain conveying structures.

As shown in fig. 3, thermal decomposition mechanism has three independent cavity, defines respectively for dehydration chamber, turnover chamber and decomposition chamber, and the side of every cavity all is equipped with overhauls emergency exit 21, and dehydration chamber is connected with feed mechanism in the three cavity, and feed inlet 22 has been seted up to the junction, decomposes the chamber and is connected with cooling unloading mechanism, and the junction is equipped with discharge gate 23, and between dehydration chamber and the turnover chamber, turnover chamber and decomposing are equipped with material passing opening 24 between the chamber, feed inlet, material passing opening and discharge gate department all are provided with entrance guard, and this entrance guard passes through cylinder 25 control, and three cavity all is provided with air-supply line 26 and exhaust pipe 27, it still is equipped with vapor and sends into port 28 to decompose the chamber side, is connected with vapor heating mechanism.

In the three cavities of the decomposition mechanism, the dehydration cavity dehydrates materials, the internal heating temperature is 150 ℃, the turnover cavity realizes the transition from material dehydration to decomposition, the internal heating temperature is 225 ℃, the decomposition cavity is matched with water vapor to realize the oxidative decomposition of the materials, the internal heating temperature is 300 ℃, and the decomposition cavity needs a completely closed space during reaction due to the control of oxygen content in the decomposition cavity, so that the conveying assembly of the decomposition cavity is independent and is controlled by a conveying driving motor 29, and the conveying assemblies of the dehydration cavity and the turnover cavity are the extension of the conveying assembly of the feeding mechanism.

The internal structures of the three chambers are explained in detail below, the internal structures of the dehydration chamber and the turnover chamber are the same, and the internal structure of the decomposition chamber is formed by adding a water vapor input structure and an oxygen content detection structure on the basis of the dehydration chamber, as shown in fig. 4-5.

The dehydration cavity and the turnover cavity both comprise a cavity 61, the interior of the cavity is divided into an air inlet area 63, a heating area 64 and a reaction area 65 by a partition plate 62, an air inlet pipe is positioned in the air inlet area and sends outside air into the cavity, an air suction assembly 66 is arranged in the air inlet area and sends the entering air into the heating area for heating, the air suction assembly comprises a motor 661, a fan blade 662 and a transmission shaft 663, the fan blade is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft and is arranged in the air inlet area, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor by a transmission wheel 664 and a transmission belt 665, the motor drives the fan blade to rotate and sucks the air below into the heating area, a heating pipe 641 is arranged in the heating area, the end part of the heating pipe is connected with a heater 642, staggered air duct partition plates are arranged in the heating area, a, the exhaust pipe is communicated with the heating area to exhaust redundant hot air in the heating area.

A first air deflector 651 and a second air deflector 652 are arranged at the joint of the reaction zone and the heating zone, wherein the first air deflector is vertically arranged, the surface air deflector thereof leads the hot air in the heating area into the reaction area, the hot air is horizontally transmitted in the leading process, the second air deflector is obliquely arranged, the wind guide sheets on the surface guide the hot air uniformly upwards, the reaction area is provided with a conveying assembly, a conveying bracket arranged on the material is arranged on the conveying assembly, in order to improve the uniformity of the flow of the hot air, an air-equalizing plate 653 is arranged below the conveying bracket, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly arranged on the air-equalizing plate, the hot air guided by the second air deflector is uniformly upwards conveyed by the air-equalizing plate, and the flow is uniform, and a second air equalizing plate 654 is arranged between the reaction zone and the air inlet zone, so that the hot air in the reaction zone is uniformly discharged and enters the air inlet zone for circulation (as shown in fig. 6).

The reaction zone is internally provided with a temperature sensor 655, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the internal reaction temperature, meanwhile, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are provided with valves 67, the internal temperature value is adjusted by controlling the amount of cold air entering and the amount of hot air discharged, so that the required temperature value is reached, and the balance of the internal temperature is ensured.

The staggered partition plates are arranged in the heating area in the structure, so that air is uniformly heated, the condition that the temperature of the internal air is locally too high or locally too low is avoided, two groups of air deflectors and air equalizing plates in different positions are arranged in the reaction area, the flow of hot air entering the reaction area is adjusted, and the uniformity of the air speed is ensured.

The internal structure of the reaction chamber is shown in fig. 5, and the difference from the dehydration chamber is that the heating zone is provided with a steam inlet 644, the reaction zone is provided with an oxygen content sensor 656, so that the detection of the oxygen content in the chamber can be realized, the oxygen content can be controlled by controlling the steam input amount, the accurate control of the oxygen content concentration in the chamber can be realized, in addition, the conveying assembly in the reaction chamber is independently controlled, but the structure of the conveying assembly is consistent with that of the feeding mechanism, and the details are not repeated here.

As shown in fig. 7, the cooling and blanking mechanism has a structure similar to the overall structure of the feeding structure, and includes a blanking frame 31, a blanking chain conveying assembly 32, and a limiting cylinder 33, and is different in that the cooling mechanism further includes a cooling fan 34 and an upper cover 35, the cooling fan is installed on the lower plate of the blanking frame, the air outlet of the fan is opposite to the conveying bracket, the upper cover is installed above the cooling fan on the blanking machine, the cooling fan blows out cold air to cool the reacted material, and the hot air after heat exchange is discharged from an air outlet 36 formed in the top of the upper cover.

As shown in fig. 8, the steam heating mechanism comprises a heating furnace 41, a water inlet of the heating furnace is connected with a water inlet pipeline 42, a filter pipeline 43 is connected on the water inlet pipeline, a steam outlet 44 of the heating furnace is connected with the steam feeding port 28 of the decomposition cavity through a steam pipeline 45, and a flow meter 46 is arranged on the steam pipeline for adjusting the steam amount fed into the decomposition cavity.

As shown in fig. 9, the electric cabinet includes the box, inlays the control button and the display screen of dress on the box surface to and set up at the inside control circuit of control box, control circuit and temperature sensor, oxygen content sensor, driving motor, entrance guard's cylinder, cooling blower, the connection such as valve, spacing cylinder realizes corresponding control, and concrete electric control part can refer to current capsule furnace control, does not do here and describe repeatedly.

The continuous capsule furnace disclosed by the invention carries out automatic feeding through the feeding mechanism, materials are firstly fed into the dehydration cavity for dehydration, the temperature in the dehydration cavity is controlled to be 150 ℃, the materials are fed into the turnover cavity for over reaction after the dehydration is finished, the temperature in the turnover cavity is raised to 225 ℃, then the materials are fed into the decomposition cavity, the materials are matched with water vapor for oxidative decomposition reaction at 300 ℃, the materials after the thermal decomposition are cooled from the cooling and blanking part and then are blanked, and in the capsule furnace, the turnover cavity is arranged to realize natural transition of the temperature, the internal structure of the cavity is optimized, the uniformity of the temperature and the uniformity of the wind speed are realized, the accurate control of the oxygen content is realized, and the capsule reaction effect is improved.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiments, but includes various alternatives and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims of the present patent application.

Claims

1. A continuous capsule furnace, characterized in that: including feed mechanism, pyrolysis mechanism, cooling unloading mechanism, electric cabinet and the vapor heating mechanism that provides steam to pyrolysis mechanism, wherein:

2. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the air guide plates comprise a first air guide plate and a second air guide plate, the first air guide plate is vertically arranged, and the second air guide plate is obliquely arranged.

3. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the air suction assembly comprises a motor, fan blades and a transmission shaft, the fan blades are arranged at one end of the transmission shaft and are arranged in the air inlet area, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor through a transmission wheel and a conveyor belt, and the motor drives the fan blades to rotate to suck air below the fan blades into the heating area.

4. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are provided with valves for adjusting the flow of inlet air and outlet air.

5. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism comprises a rack, a chain conveying component, a conveying bracket and a limiting cylinder, wherein the chain conveying component is installed on the rack, the conveying bracket is used for loading tantalum capacitors, the rack is provided with an upper plate and a lower plate, the chain conveying component comprises a conveying chain, a driving motor and two sets of chain wheel fixing shafts, the two sets of chain wheel fixing shafts are installed on the upper plate and the lower plate respectively, the conveying chain penetrates through the chain wheel fixing shafts of the lower plate and the upper plate to form a complete chain conveying component and is driven by the driving motor installed on the lower plate, the conveying bracket is placed on the conveying chain and is driven by the conveying chain to be sent into the thermal decomposition mechanism, and the limiting cylinder is embedded in the upper plate to limit the position of the conveying bracket.

6. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the cooling blanking mechanism structure comprises a blanking frame, a blanking chain conveying assembly, a limiting cylinder, a cooling fan and an upper cover, wherein the blanking frame is provided with an upper plate and a lower plate, the cooling fan is arranged on the lower plate of the blanking frame, an air outlet of the fan is opposite to a conveying bracket on the blanking chain conveying assembly, the upper cover is arranged above the cooling fan which is arranged on a blanking machine, the cooling fan blows out cold air to cool materials after reaction, and hot air after heat exchange is discharged from an air outlet formed in the top of the upper cover.

7. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the steam heating mechanism comprises a heating furnace, a water inlet of the heating furnace is connected with a water inlet pipeline, a steam outlet of the heating furnace is connected with a steam feeding port of the decomposition cavity through a steam pipeline, and a flow meter is arranged on the steam pipeline to adjust the amount of steam fed into the decomposition cavity.

8. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature inside the dehydration cavity is 150 ℃, the heating temperature inside the turnover cavity is 225 ℃, and the heating temperature inside the decomposition cavity is 300 ℃.

9. The continuous capsule furnace of claim 1, wherein: the dehydration cavity and the turnover cavity pre-feeding mechanism share one conveying assembly, and the decomposition cavity is an independent conveying assembly.