CN111807363A - Activated carbon production method and production device - Google Patents
Activated carbon production method and production device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807363A CN111807363A CN201910288677.2A CN201910288677A CN111807363A CN 111807363 A CN111807363 A CN 111807363A CN 201910288677 A CN201910288677 A CN 201910288677A CN 111807363 A CN111807363 A CN 111807363A
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of processing and manufacturing of activated carbon, in particular to a method and a device for producing activated carbon. The production device comprises: the activation furnace is provided with a feeding device and a discharging device for isolating air at the feeding end and the discharging end respectively; the activation furnace driving device is used for driving the activation furnace to rotate around the axis of the activation furnace; the first heating part is used for providing a first preset temperature for drying and preheating the granular carbonized material; a second heating section for supplying a second predetermined temperature for activating the particulate carbonized material; an activator nozzle located within the effective heating area of the second heating section. According to the method, the device and the equipment for producing the activated carbon, oxygen hardly exists in the activation process, the loss of burning can be reduced, and the product yield is improved; and moreover, by adopting a sectional heating mode, the amorphous carbon of the carbonized material can be exposed at the front section, so that the activation reaction is convenient to occur at the activation section at the rear section, the steam consumption and the activation time are reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of processing and manufacturing of activated carbon, in particular to a method and a device for producing activated carbon.
Background
The activated carbon is an excellent carbonaceous adsorbent with a highly developed pore structure and a high specific surface area (usually 800-1500 m 2/g), and is widely applied to the fields of environmental protection, chemical industry, food, military industry and the like. The raw materials for producing the active carbon comprise biomass such as wood, surplus crops and the like and carbon-containing element materials. The production process is divided into a chemical method, a physical method and a chemical-physical combined method according to different activators. Carbon with the specific surface area exceeding 800m2/g can be called activated carbon, carbon with the specific surface area between 800m2/g and 1500m2/g is called common activated carbon, and carbon with the specific surface area more than 2000m2/g is called super activated carbon. The super activated carbon can be obtained by fully activating the carbonized material by adopting a special activation process (super activation process). The super activated carbon has wide application prospect in electrode materials of super double-electric-layer capacitors, catalyst carriers, gas separation, hydrogen and natural gas storage and various high technical fields.
The 'universal adsorbent' of active carbon can not be separated in the fields of air pollution treatment and water source pollution treatment. The development of environmental protection business inevitably leads to the great increase of the activated carbon market.
Environmental management is the first environmental disposal of solid waste, as solid waste is the source of atmospheric, water and soil pollution. The pollution sources of the solid waste are mainly organic matter pollution and heavy metal pollution, and the organic matter pollution attribute of the solid waste is eliminated by using a pyrolysis technology, so that the method is the most scientific, effective and environment-friendly industrial technology which is generally accepted in the industry compared with incineration. With the widespread adoption of the pyrolysis industrial technology, the yield of the pyrolytic carbon (activated carbon) will be rapidly increased, and the comprehensive utilization of the pyrolytic carbon will rapidly advance the agenda of industrial production and environmental protection.
At present, the main process methods for preparing the activated carbon include a chemical activation method and a physical activation method.
In the chemical activation method, the activating agent is divided into acidic and basic. The acidic activating agent is mainly zinc chloride and phosphoric acid, has the problems of equipment corrosion, long process flow (the subsequent products need multistage washing and drying), environmental pollution and the like, and belongs to a restricted use process method in the production of common activated carbon products. The alkaline activator mainly comprises alkali metal compounds such as KOH, NaOH and K2CO3, wherein the activating effect by KOH is the best. In addition to the above problems, there are safety hazards of combustion and explosion caused by the overflow of elemental potassium during the production process. The industrial production of the super activated carbon basically takes potassium hydroxide as an activating agent. Brings huge potential safety hazard, high production cost and environmental protection pressure to the production of the super activated carbon.
In the production process of the physical activation method, a carbonized material is used as a raw material, H2O, CO2 and air are used as activating agents, and heat generated by combustion of the carbonized material is used as an energy source to heat the raw material, so that the activated carbon is generated. The physical activation process flow is short, and the production process is environment-friendly, so that the method is an activated carbon process technology advocated by the nation.
However, there are still many disadvantages in the physical activation process using the current production equipment and/or production method. For example, chinese patent specification discloses an "external heating vertical activated carbon activation furnace" on 7/8/2009 (publication No. CN101475166A, application No. 200910009778.8), which includes:
an outer cylinder is arranged between the inner cylinder and the furnace wall, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is connected with a speed reducer and a motor through a transmission gear; a heating channel is arranged between the outer side surface of the outer cylinder and the furnace wall, the upper part and the lower part of the outer cylinder are sealed by the furnace wall, and the heating channel is communicated with the exhaust pipe through a flue pipe; the heating plate is divided into an outer cylinder heating plate and an inner cylinder heating plate, the outer cylinder heating plate and the inner cylinder heating plate are respectively fixed on the inner side surface of the outer cylinder and the outer side surface of the inner cylinder and are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction; the shoveling plates are divided into an outer cylinder shoveling plate and an inner cylinder shoveling plate, the outer cylinder shoveling plate and the inner cylinder shoveling plate are respectively installed on the lower side surfaces of the outer cylinder heating plate and the inner cylinder heating plate through hinges, and the outer cylinder shoveling plate and the inner cylinder shoveling plate are respectively spirally distributed on the lower side surfaces of the outer cylinder heating plate and the inner cylinder heating plate; the gas distribution pipe extends into the lower side of the inner cylinder heating plate, and the gas distribution through holes are distributed on the pipe wall of the gas distribution pipe at the lower side of the inner cylinder heating plate; the inner cylinder is provided with an air outlet on the side wall corresponding to the combustion chamber.
The external heating vertical activated carbon activation furnace at least has the following problems:
firstly, the material inlet and outlet of the activation furnace do not have the function of blocking air (particularly oxygen), so that the material is inevitably contacted with oxygen, thereby increasing the loss of combustion and reducing the yield of products; secondly, the whole activation process of the activation furnace adopts integrated heating, and the steps before activation and the activation steps all adopt the same temperature, so that the temperature, the activation degree, the product characteristics and the like of the activation process are difficult to accurately control, the activation efficiency is low, and the product yield is lower.
For another example, the chinese patent specification discloses an "apparatus for producing an external-heat and internal-heat bifunctional activated carbon" (publication No. CN2876067Y, application No. 200620070838.9) on 3/7 of 2007, which includes:
the activation furnace penetrates through a furnace hearth, two ends of the activation furnace are rotatably connected to the furnace body, and a combustible gas nozzle is arranged in the combustion chamber; the activation furnace is internally provided with a steam and air distribution system, when a furnace body of the activation furnace rotates, the front part in the furnace cavity is a material carbonization area, the rear part is a material activation area, the material activation area and the material carbonization area of the furnace body are respectively provided with the steam distribution system and the air distribution system, the air distribution system positioned in the material activation area is communicated with the material activation area, and the air distribution system positioned in the material carbonization area is connected with the material carbonization area in a partition way; the steam distribution system positioned in the material carbonization area is communicated with the material carbonization area, and the steam distribution system positioned in the material activation area is connected with the material activation area in a partition way.
The production device of the external heat and internal heat bifunctional activated carbon at least has the following problems:
firstly, the activated carbon production device utilizes the oxygen in the air to be mixed and combusted with the high-temperature water gas in the cylinder of the activation furnace to generate a large amount of heat energy, thereby supplying the heat energy requirement in the activation process, but the direct contact between the materials and the gas (combustible gas and oxygen) can not be avoided in the process, the loss of combustion can be increased, and the product yield can be reduced; secondly, in the activated carbon production device, the temperature is adjusted and controlled by controlling the supply of steam and air (oxygen) of the steam distribution system and the air distribution system, which is only beneficial to controlling the heating time and is difficult to accurately control the temperature, so that the temperature, the activation degree, the product characteristics and the like in the activation process can not be accurately controlled, and the activation efficiency is low and the product yield is low.
In addition, the pyrolytic carbon is prepared by pyrolyzing organic matters and biomass at high temperature, and contains a high proportion of inorganic matters (ash), and meanwhile, the content of volatile matters with low ignition point is very low, so that the pyrolytic carbon is difficult to ignite. Therefore, the current physical activation process (for environmental and cost reasons, the carbonization material is not considered to be activated by chemical method) is difficult to realize sufficient activation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an activated carbon production method and a production device, which are used for solving at least one problem in the process of producing activated carbon by using the existing physical activation method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for producing activated carbon comprises the following steps:
firstly, insulating air from a particle carbonized material by a feeding device, feeding the particle carbonized material into the front section of a closed activation furnace, and carrying out preheating, drying and deep carbonization treatment at a first preset temperature;
step two, the particle carbonized material treated in the step one enters an activation section at the rear section of the activation furnace along with the rotation of the activation furnace, and is subjected to activation reaction with an activating agent sprayed from the activation section at a second preset temperature for a preset time to obtain an activated material and an activated tail gas;
and step three, the activated material after the activation reaction is finished enters a cooling device from the discharge end of the activation furnace and is cooled to below 100 ℃ to obtain an activated carbon product.
Optionally, the particle size of the granular carbonized material is 1 mm-5 mm, the length is 3 mm-15 mm, and the moisture content is not higher than 15%.
Optionally, the first step and the second step both adopt an indirect heating mode to supply heat, and supply heat respectively.
Optionally, the indirectly heated flue gas is subjected to heat recovery by a flue gas waste heat boiler to generate steam as the activating agent.
Optionally, after the activated tail gas is condensed and subjected to dust removal and purification, the non-condensable gas of the activated tail gas supplies heat to the activation furnace.
Optionally, the temperature of the preheating, drying and deep carbonization treatment steps is 400-800 ℃; and/or the temperature of the activation section is 800-1200 ℃, and the activation reaction time is 30-150 minutes.
The invention also provides an activated carbon production device, which comprises an activation furnace, wherein a feeding device for isolating air is arranged at the feeding end of the activation furnace, and a discharging device for isolating air is arranged at the discharging end of the activation furnace;
the activated carbon production apparatus further comprises:
the activation furnace driving device is used for driving the activation furnace to rotate around the axis of the activation furnace; the first heating part and the second heating part are arranged outside the activation furnace in parallel, the first heating part is used for providing a first preset temperature for drying and preheating the granular carbonized material, and the second heating part is used for providing a second preset temperature for activating the granular carbonized material;
an activator nozzle is arranged in the activation furnace and is positioned in the effective heating area of the second heating part.
Optionally, the activation furnace further comprises a guide plate fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the activation furnace, and the guide plate is spirally distributed;
and/or the feeding device and the discharging device are both provided with spiral air locking mechanisms for isolating air.
Optionally, the activated carbon production apparatus further includes a first recycling device, and the first recycling device includes:
the gas inlet of the flue gas waste heat boiler is respectively communicated with the first heating part and the second heating part through pipelines, and is used for treating tail gas generated by the first heating part and/or the second heating part and re-conveying recovered heat into the activation furnace in an effective heating area of the second heating part;
the gas inlet of the steam tank is connected with the gas outlet of the flue gas waste heat boiler, and the gas outlet of the steam tank is communicated to the activation furnace through a pipeline;
and the flue gas emptying port is arranged on the flue gas waste heat boiler and is used for discharging the treated tail gas.
Optionally, the activated carbon production apparatus further includes a second recovery apparatus, and the second recovery apparatus includes:
a spray tower and a condenser which are connected with the activation furnace in sequence and are used for processing the tail gas generated in the activation furnace,
and the air inlet of the fan is connected with the condenser, and the air outlet of the fan is connected with the first heating part and/or the second heating part and used for re-conveying the treated tail gas to the first heating part and/or the second heating part.
The invention has the following effects:
according to the activated carbon production method and the activated carbon production device, materials can be conveyed from the feed end to the discharge end of the activation furnace in the closed inner cavity of the activation furnace at a preset speed, drying and preheating are carried out in the first heating part in the conveying process, and activation is carried out in the second heating part; in addition, a sectional heating mode is adopted, volatile substances on the surface of the front-section carbonized material and in the internal pores are volatilized and overflow under the high-temperature oxygen-free condition, and the amorphous carbon of the carbonized material is exposed, so that the amorphous carbon can conveniently generate an activation reaction when entering the rear-section activation section, the steam consumption and the activation time are reduced, and the efficiency is improved; furthermore, the production method and the production device of the activated carbon can effectively adjust the product performance by controlling the dosage of the activating agent, the activation temperature and the activation time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an activated carbon production apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a second recovery apparatus in the activated carbon production apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a production flow chart of the activated carbon production process of the present invention;
the method comprises the following steps of 1-an activation furnace, 12-a rotating riding wheel, 2-a feeding device, 3-a discharging device, 41-a first heating part, 42-a second heating part, 43-a gas burner, 51-a flue gas waste heat boiler, 52-a steam tank, 53-a flue gas emptying port, 6-a second recovery device, 61-a spray tower, 62-a fan, 63-a primary condenser and 64-a secondary condenser.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The method and apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 3.
The invention provides an activated carbon production device which comprises an activation furnace 1, a feeding device 2, a discharging device 3, an activation furnace heating part (or heating device), an activating agent spraying device and the like.
The activation furnace 1 can be selected into various suitable structures according to requirements; in this embodiment, the activation furnace 1 preferably adopts a horizontal structure as shown in fig. 1; specifically, a closed inner cavity is formed inside the activation furnace 1, and a feeding end and a discharging end which are respectively communicated with the closed inner cavity and a driving device of the activation furnace are arranged at the end parts of the two ends of the activation furnace 1. The activation furnace driving device is used for driving the activation furnace 1 to rotate around the axis of the activation furnace so as to drive materials entering the closed inner cavity from the feeding end to be conveyed to the discharging end at a preset speed. The predetermined speed may be suitably selected according to the length of the activation furnace 1, the material amount, the type of the activating agent, the activation temperature, and the like.
The feeding device 2 is arranged at the feeding end of the activation furnace 1 and used for sealing the feeding end, isolating air and adding materials from the feeding end; discharging device 3 sets up the discharge end at activation furnace 1 for seal the discharge end, isolated air, and follow the material the discharge end is derived.
The heating device of the activation furnace can be selected into various suitable known structures according to the requirement; in this embodiment, the heating device may include an oven chamber, gas burners, a gas pipeline, and the like, wherein the oven chamber wraps the activation furnace 1, and the plurality of gas burners are uniformly disposed in the oven chamber to heat the activation furnace 1.
The heating device of the activation furnace of the invention is divided into a first heating part 41 and a second heating part 42 with the same structure.
The first heating part 41 is wrapped outside the activation furnace 1, and is used for heating the activation furnace 1 in the effective heating area thereof and providing a first predetermined temperature for drying and preheating the materials entering the effective heating area. The effective heating area is an area directly covered by the first heating unit 41 when wrapping the activation furnace 1.
The second heating part 42 is wrapped outside the activation furnace 1 and is juxtaposed to the first heating part 41 along a direction from the feeding end to the discharging end (a direction from left to right in fig. 1), and is used for heating the activation furnace 1 located in an effective heating area (explained above) thereof and providing a second predetermined temperature for activating the material.
In addition, the first predetermined temperature may be suitably selected according to the kind, amount and the like of the material, and in this embodiment, the material is preferably a granular carbonized material, and is a pyrolytic carbonized material of various carbonaceous wastes such as husk, wood chips, wood, tires, plastics, derived fuel and the like, and in this case, the first predetermined temperature is preferably in the range of 400 ° to 800 °. The second predetermined temperature is greater than the first predetermined temperature, and in addition to the above factors, factors of the type of the activator need to be considered, and in the present embodiment, the second predetermined temperature is preferably in the range of 800 ° to 1200 °. And further, based on the conditions, the activation reaction time is predicted to be 30-150 minutes, and the preset speed of the material conveying process is obtained by combining the factors such as the length of the activation furnace and the like.
The activator spraying device can be selected as various suitable known structures according to the requirement, and can include an activator storage device, a spraying device and the like, wherein an activator nozzle of the spraying device is arranged in the closed inner cavity of the activation furnace 1 and is positioned in the effective heating area of the second heating part 42 and used for controllably (manually or intelligently) spraying a predetermined activator to the material flowing through the effective heating area; among them, the activating agent preferably includes water vapor, CO2, and the like.
In the activated carbon production device, the inside of the activation furnace 1 is a closed inner cavity, so that almost no oxygen exists in the activation process, the loss of burning can be reduced, the product yield is improved, and the production cost is reduced. In addition, by adopting a sectional heating mode, volatile substances on the surface of the front-section carbonized material and in the internal pores are volatilized and overflow under the high-temperature oxygen-free condition, so that the amorphous carbon of the carbonized material is exposed, and the amorphous carbon is convenient to carry out an activation reaction with activated gases such as water vapor, CO2 and the like when entering the rear-section activation section, the steam consumption and the activation time are reduced, and the efficiency is improved. In conclusion, based on the above structure of the present invention, the activated carbon production apparatus (and the activated carbon production method) of the present invention can effectively adjust the product performance by controlling the amount of the activating agent, the activation temperature, and the activation time.
Furthermore, when the activated carbon production device is used for production, chemical reagents such as acid or alkali are not needed, industrial wastewater is not discharged in the production process, the environmental pollution is reduced, other procedures such as acid washing and the like are not needed, the production process is simplified, the service life of equipment is prolonged, the production failure rate is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In the activated carbon production device, the activation furnace 1 is driven to rotate around the axis thereof so as to drive the material entering the closed inner cavity from the feeding end to be conveyed to the discharging end at a preset speed, and the activated carbon production device can be arranged into various suitable structures; in this embodiment, it is preferable that the activation furnace 1 further includes a baffle 11; the guide plate 11 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the activation furnace 1 and is spirally distributed along the direction from the feeding end to the discharging end.
It should be noted that the activation furnace driving device may include a rotary idler 12 and a driving motor (not shown); the number of the rotary supporting wheels 12 can be multiple, and the rotary supporting wheels are uniformly distributed and used for supporting the activation furnace 1 from the outer side, so that the activation furnace 1 can be driven to rotate around the axis of the activation furnace 1; the driving motor is used for controllably driving the activation furnace 1 to rotate on the rotating riding wheel 12, specifically, an annular rack can be arranged on the periphery of the activation furnace 1, and the output end of the driving motor drives the rack through a gear to drive the activation furnace 1 to rotate; or, the activation furnace 1 may have a central rotating shaft, a gear is disposed at an end of the central rotating shaft, and the output end of the driving motor drives the activation furnace 1 to rotate through the cooperation of the gear, and so on.
In the activated carbon production device, when the driving motor of the activation furnace 1 rotates, the fed material is pushed forward in the cylinder of the activation furnace 1 at a constant speed under the action of the guide plate 11, and the purpose of controlling the activation time is achieved because the rotating speed of the driving motor is adjustable.
The activated carbon production apparatus of the present invention may further include a first recovery device, which is configured to treat the exhaust gas generated by the first heating unit 41 and/or the second heating unit 42 (i.e., both the exhaust gases of the two heating units may be recovered simultaneously or only one of the exhaust gases may be recovered), and to re-convey the recovered heat to the activation furnace 1 in the effective heating area of the second heating unit 42.
Specifically, the first recovery device may include a flue gas waste heat boiler 51, a steam drum 52, and a connection duct. Flue gas exhaust-heat boiler 51 can select as required to be multiple known exhaust-heat boiler, and its air inlet passes through the pipeline respectively with first heating portion 41 with (retrieve the tail gas of two heating portions promptly simultaneously, the structure of other recovery modes is no longer repeated) second heating portion 42 intercommunication for handle the tail gas that first heating portion 41 and second heating portion 42 produced, simultaneously, tail gas can heat the inside water of flue gas exhaust-heat boiler 51, produces high temperature steam, plays the purpose of retrieving the waste heat. The air inlet of steam drum 52 is connected with flue gas exhaust-heat boiler 51 gas outlet, and flue gas exhaust-heat boiler 51 produces high-temperature steam and can save in steam drum 52, and steam drum 52's gas outlet rethread pipeline communicates to activation furnace 1 to in carrying high-temperature steam to activation furnace 1 in the effective zone of heating of second heating portion, for the activation provides auxiliary heat source, play the energy saving, reduction in production cost's purpose.
Further, the first recovery device further comprises a flue gas evacuation port 53, which is arranged on the flue gas waste heat boiler 51 and used for discharging the treated tail gas. Because the fuel is clean gas or liquefied gas and other gases, the flue gas of the heating part utilizes the waste heat through the flue gas waste heat boiler 51, the temperature is reduced to below 120 ℃, the flue gas components are CO2 and H2O, the environment is not polluted, and the flue gas can be directly discharged according to the standard. The noise in the production process is less than or equal to 60bd, and the environment can not be polluted. The whole process only utilizes the circulating cooling water circularly, and no other industrial wastewater is generated.
The activated carbon production apparatus of the present invention may further include a second recovery device for treating the exhaust gas generated in the activation furnace 1 and then re-delivering the recovered heat to the activation furnace 1 in the effective heating area of the second heating portion 42.
Specifically, the second recovery device comprises a spray tower 61 and a condenser which are sequentially connected with the activation furnace 1 and used for purifying the tail gas generated in the activation furnace 1; the system can further comprise a fan 62, wherein an air inlet of the fan 62 is connected with the condenser, and an air outlet of the fan 62 is connected with the first heating part 41 and/or the second heating part 42, so that the processed tail gas (clean gas) is re-conveyed to the first heating part 41 and/or the second heating part 42 to be combusted, an auxiliary heat source is provided for activation, and the purposes of saving energy and reducing production cost are achieved. Further, the condenser includes a first-stage condenser 63 and a second-stage condenser 64 connected in sequence to improve the efficiency of tail gas treatment, and correspondingly, the second-stage condenser 64 is connected to the fan 62.
Furthermore, in the activated carbon production device, the discharging device 3 is a spiral discharging device provided with a partition wall type cooler, and the heat of the activated material can be recycled in the cooling process, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the activation cost is reduced; and feeding the cooled activated material into a grinding device through a discharge port, grinding the activated material into qualified powder, and packaging the powder to obtain the super activated carbon product. And, discharging port department of discharging device 3 is provided with spiral air-lock mechanism, and spiral air-lock mechanism can adopt known suitable structure, can avoid the entering of outside air at the ejection of compact in-process, makes the stove be the oxygen deficiency environment to make the rate of loss of burning of charcoal can be controlled, the product yield is high.
The feeding device 2 may adopt a variety of known suitable structures, and may include, for example, a silo, a vibratory feeder, a belt conveyor, a screw feeder, a star-type discharge valve, and the like; similarly, the feed inlet of the feeding device 2 can be provided with a spiral air locking mechanism, so that the external air can be prevented from entering the furnace in the feeding process, the furnace is in an anoxic environment, the burning loss rate of the carbon can be controlled, and the product yield is high.
The production method of the activated carbon provided by the invention can comprise the following steps:
step one, after air is isolated by a feeding device, the granular carbonized material is fed into the front section of a closed activation furnace and is subjected to preheating, drying and deep carbonization treatment at a first preset temperature. Wherein the granular carbonized material is a pyrolytic carbonized material with carbon-containing waste and is selected from at least one of fruit shell, wood chip, wood, tire, plastic and cloth; also, the particle size of the granular carbonized material is preferably 1mm to 5mm, the length is preferably 3mm to 15mm, and the moisture content is preferably not higher than 15%.
And step two, the particle carbonized material treated in the step one enters an activation section at the rear section of the activation furnace along with the rotation of the activation furnace, and is subjected to activation reaction with an activating agent sprayed from the activation section at a second preset temperature for a preset time to obtain an activated material and an activated tail gas. Wherein the activating agent is preferably water vapor, the temperature of the water vapor is 120-180 ℃, and the pressure is 0.35-0.7 MPa.
And step three, the activated material after the activation reaction is finished enters a cooling device from the discharge end of the activation furnace and is cooled to be below 100 ℃ to obtain an activated carbon product.
In addition, the first step and the second step adopt indirect heating for heat supply and respectively supply heat, and the oxygen concentration in the activation furnace is not higher than 1%. And the indirectly heated flue gas is subjected to heat recovery by a waste heat boiler to generate steam as an activating agent.
In the production process of the activated carbon production device, the particle size of the carbonized material entering the furnace can be controlled, so that the material is ensured to have little burning loss of carbon outside in the activation process in the furnace, the carbon inside the particles needs to achieve the purpose of pore forming through the permeation of gases such as steam, CO2 and the like, and the product yield is up to more than 40%; the proper grain size of the carbonized material is adopted, the environmental temperature is higher, the controllability of the activation degree is strong, the required activation time is shorter (100-; compared with smaller powder, the powder is completely exposed to high-temperature activated gas, the ignition loss rate is high, and the product yield is only about 25 percent.
The length of the cylinder body of the activation furnace, the guide plate on the inner wall of the cylinder and the distance between the guide plates are specially designed, so that the material can walk in the cylinder body according to a certain line and speed, the activation time is adjustable, the activation degree is uniform and controllable, and the super activated carbon can be generated.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for producing the activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, insulating air from a particle carbonized material by a feeding device, feeding the particle carbonized material into the front section of a closed activation furnace, and carrying out preheating, drying and deep carbonization treatment at a first preset temperature;
step two, the particle carbonized material treated in the step one enters an activation section at the rear section of the activation furnace along with the rotation of the activation furnace, and is subjected to activation reaction with an activating agent sprayed from the activation section at a second preset temperature for a preset time to obtain an activated material and an activated tail gas;
and step three, the activated material after the activation reaction is finished enters a cooling device from the discharge end of the activation furnace and is cooled to below 100 ℃ to obtain an activated carbon product.
2. The activated carbon production method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the granulated carbonized material is 1mm to 5mm, the length is 3mm to 15mm, and the moisture content is not higher than 15%.
3. The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the heat is supplied in each of the first and second steps by indirect heating.
4. The activated carbon production method according to claim 3, wherein the indirectly heated flue gas is subjected to heat recovery by a flue gas waste heat boiler to generate steam as the activating agent.
5. The activated carbon production method according to claim 1, wherein after the activated tail gas is condensed and dedusted, the non-condensable gas of the activated tail gas supplies heat to the activation furnace.
6. The activated carbon production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature of the preheating, drying and deep carbonization treatment steps is 400 ℃ to 800 ℃; and/or the temperature of the activation section is 800-1200 ℃, and the activation reaction time is 30-150 minutes.
7. The activated carbon production device is characterized by comprising an activation furnace (1), wherein a feeding device (2) for isolating air is arranged at the feeding end of the activation furnace (1), and a discharging device (3) for isolating air is arranged at the discharging end of the activation furnace;
the activated carbon production apparatus further comprises:
the activation furnace driving device is used for driving the activation furnace (1) to rotate around the axis of the activation furnace driving device;
a first heating part (41) and a second heating part (42) which are arranged outside the activation furnace (1) in parallel, wherein the first heating part (41) is used for providing a first preset temperature for drying and preheating the granular carbonized material, and the second heating part (42) is used for providing a second preset temperature for activating the granular carbonized material;
an activator nozzle is arranged in the activation furnace (1), and the activator nozzle is positioned in an effective heating area of the second heating part (42).
8. The activated carbon production device according to claim 7, wherein the activation furnace (1) further comprises a deflector (11) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the activation furnace (1), and the deflector (11) is spirally distributed;
and/or the feeding device (2) and the discharging device (3) are both provided with spiral air locking mechanisms for isolating air.
9. The activated carbon production apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a first recovery device, the first recovery device comprising:
the flue gas waste heat boiler (51) is communicated with the first heating part (41) and the second heating part (42) through pipelines, and is used for treating the tail gas generated by the first heating part (41) and/or the second heating part (42) and re-conveying the recovered heat into the activation furnace (1) in the effective heating area of the second heating part (42);
the gas inlet of the steam tank (52) is connected with the gas outlet of the flue gas waste heat boiler (51), and the gas outlet of the steam tank (52) is communicated to the activation furnace (1) through a pipeline;
and the flue gas emptying port (53) is arranged on the flue gas waste heat boiler (51) and is used for discharging the treated tail gas.
10. The activated carbon production apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a second recovery apparatus (6), the second recovery apparatus (6) comprising:
a spray tower (61) and a condenser which are sequentially connected with the activation furnace (1) and are used for treating tail gas generated in the activation furnace (1),
and the air inlet of the fan (62) is connected with the condenser, and the air outlet of the fan is connected with the first heating part (41) and/or the second heating part (42) and used for conveying the treated tail gas to the first heating part (41) and/or the second heating part (42) again.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112850709A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 成都达奇能自科技有限公司 | Activated carbon activation system and activation method |
| CN113247896A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-13 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Activated carbon activation device |
| CN113620292A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-09 | 江苏恒源活性炭有限公司 | Powdered activated carbon regeneration system and regeneration method |
| CN114394591A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-26 | 南平元力活性炭有限公司 | Clean production method of phosphoric acid method activated carbon |
| KR102610219B1 (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-12-06 | (주)이수카본 | Activated carbon manufacturing method to improve yield |
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| CN107344718A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | 安泰环境工程技术有限公司 | A kind of continuous high-temperature carbonization-activation integral device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107344718A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | 安泰环境工程技术有限公司 | A kind of continuous high-temperature carbonization-activation integral device and method |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112850709A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 成都达奇能自科技有限公司 | Activated carbon activation system and activation method |
| CN113247896A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-13 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Activated carbon activation device |
| CN113620292A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-09 | 江苏恒源活性炭有限公司 | Powdered activated carbon regeneration system and regeneration method |
| CN113620292B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏恒源活性炭有限公司 | Powdered activated carbon regeneration system and regeneration method |
| CN114394591A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-26 | 南平元力活性炭有限公司 | Clean production method of phosphoric acid method activated carbon |
| CN114394591B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-25 | 南平元力活性炭有限公司 | Clean production method of phosphoric acid method activated carbon |
| KR102610219B1 (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-12-06 | (주)이수카본 | Activated carbon manufacturing method to improve yield |
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