CN111804143A - Three unit UV ambient air purification devices - Google Patents

Three unit UV ambient air purification devices Download PDF

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CN111804143A
CN111804143A CN202010664244.5A CN202010664244A CN111804143A CN 111804143 A CN111804143 A CN 111804143A CN 202010664244 A CN202010664244 A CN 202010664244A CN 111804143 A CN111804143 A CN 111804143A
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filter screen
tio
air
composite
photocatalyst
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王艳霞
王贤彬
李进
王炳春
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China Catalyst New Material Co ltd
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China Catalyst New Material Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
    • B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
    • B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
    • B01J35/39—
    • B01J35/60—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
    • B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
    • B01J37/343—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of ultrasonic wave energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
    • B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification device, and belongs to the technical field of high-performance novel ambient air purification. The device comprises a machine body, a display panel, an air suction opening, an air exhaust opening, a humidity adjusting device, a fixed handle, a power supply, a high-power mute variable-speed turbine fan, a UVA ultraviolet lamp set, a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, an electrostatic dust collection device, a primary filter screen, an activated carbon filter screen and composite Ag+/TiO2Sterilizing and disinfecting filter screen. The three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device is characterized in that the shell of the machine body and part of parts are made of metal materials; three sides are used for air suction, and the top is used for air exhaust; the dust removing and purifying device can remove dust and purify particles in the air and reduce indoor dust; the photocatalysis degradation volatile organic compound has the effects of degerming, disinfection and epidemic prevention, can efficiently kill planktonic bacteria and viruses in the air, control epidemic situation cross infection, purify indoor air and guarantee public health safety.

Description

Three unit UV ambient air purification devices
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-unit UV ambient air purification device, and belongs to the technical field of high-performance novel ambient air purification.
Background
Indoor environmental pollution is the third global problem of air pollution following bituminous coal pollution and photochemical pollution. China is one of the countries with serious indoor air quality problems, and causes the main reasons of indoor air pollution: firstly, the used decoration materials contain a large amount of toxic organic substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, and the substances are volatilized into the air and are inhaled by a human body too much to harm the health of the human body; secondly, biological pollution caused by microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like, can cause various diseases such as respiratory tract diseases, asthma and the like; thirdly, the ventilation effect is poor, so that indoor air pollution and pathogenic bacteria are accumulated for a long time, and various diseases and epidemic situations are caused.
In recent years, indoor air qualityThere is an increasing interest in that the long duration of room air directly affects health. People usually spend more than 80% of the time in the room, and the quality of the indoor air directly affects the health of people. Common indoor pollutants include formaldehyde, CO, Nitrogen Oxides (NO)x) And Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), among others, can have adverse health effects. The modern building is designed in a closed manner, so that the energy consumption is reduced. Reducing the intake of fresh air can lead to undesirable accumulation of these indoor air pollutants. Conventional treatment techniques, which include only adsorption and filtration, are expensive and not suitable for low concentrations of contaminants. Failure to replace the filter in a timely manner can also be a source of volatile organic compounds in the ventilation system. Therefore, there is a need for an effective method for purifying the environmental air to maintain a clean environment, thereby ensuring public health and safety.
Most of the existing environment purification devices in the market at present are activated carbon adsorption and high efficiency filter (HEPA) adsorption filtration, the activated carbon can adsorb peculiar smell in the air in a short time and purify the air, but can not effectively decompose harmful pollutants, so that secondary pollution is easy to cause, and the devices need to be replaced regularly; the HEPA filter has the filtering efficiency of 99.9 percent for the particles with the particle size of more than 0.3 micron, is a safe and reliable dust removal technology, is easy to damage, cannot be washed by water, can be continuously used only by being replaced periodically, and is expensive to maintain; the HEPA filter screen has high density, and a powerful exhaust and suction fan is needed to drive air to flow through the HEPA filter screen, so that the HEPA filter screen consumes more power. These existing purification devices can only purify indoor air in a short time, do not have the function of disinfection and sterilization, and need to replace components regularly, and the subsequent maintenance cost is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device with an environmental purification function, which forms a three-unit photocatalytic oxidation system under the irradiation of a UVA ultraviolet lamp by using a novel three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst, has the functions of super-strong oxidative decomposition of VOC harmful volatile organic compounds in air, and simultaneously harmlessly decomposes planktonic bacteria and aerosol viruses in the air, has the effects of resisting bacteria, deodorizing and killing viruses, achieves environmental air purification, prevents the viruses from being propagated and infected through the air, and creates a living environment which is harmonious with the environment.
The invention provides a three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification device which is provided with a cubic body, wherein a front panel of the body is provided with a transverse air suction opening near the bottom, a display panel is arranged on the front panel near the top, a top cover on the top surface of the body is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is near a rear panel of the body, two sides of the body are provided with vertical air suction openings, and the vertical air suction openings are close to the front panel; the bottom surface is equipped with humidity control device in the organism, and humidity control device is close to the organism front panel, and humidity control device top parallel is equipped with just filter screen and active carbon filter screen, and just the filter screen is close to the organism front panel, and the air exit below is equipped with turbofan, and turbofan locates organism rear panel intermediate position, and parallel is equipped with compound Ag between turbofan and the active carbon filter screen+/TiO2Sterilizing-disinfecting filtering net and composite Ag+/TiO 23 photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors are arranged between the sterilization-disinfection filter screen and the active carbon filter screen in parallel, UVA ultraviolet lamp sets are arranged between adjacent photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors in parallel, and a power supply is arranged at the position, close to the rear panel, of the bottom surface of the machine body.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the main body of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor is a frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', the frame is filled with the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic, and the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor is formed by arranging a frame a of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor with the frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri' and a frame b of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor with the frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri' side by side in the fixing clamping groove and screwing screws into the screw holes for connection. .
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the turbo fan is a turbine type, silent, variable speed, high power suction fan; so as to ensure enough airspeed efficiency and simultaneously not cause environmental noise pollution. A roller is arranged below the machine body; a fixed handle is arranged above the vertical air suction opening; the top of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor is provided with a unit reactor fixing handle; two ends of the UVA ultraviolet lamp group are provided with ultraviolet lamp fixing frames.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, an electrostatic adsorption filtering device is arranged around the air suction opening.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the machine body, the fixing frame of the ultraviolet lamp, the inner frame of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the outer frame of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the fixing clamping groove and the humidity adjusting device are made of metal materials, so that the machine is safe and environment-friendly, and the outer surface of the machine body is decorated by baking varnish.
Further, in the above technical scheme, each of the UVA ultraviolet lamp groups is composed of at least three 18W UVA ultraviolet lamps, and a layer of composite immobilized photocatalyst is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the lamp tube of the UVA ultraviolet lamps and dried to form a photocatalyst film on the surface of the lamp tube. The antifouling self-cleaning effect is achieved, the ultraviolet lamp can not be polluted after being used for a long time, the intensity of ultraviolet light is not influenced, the long-term stable output of the ultraviolet lamp is ensured, and the ultraviolet lamp has the performance of decomposing microorganisms; meanwhile, the photocatalysis activity reaction is excited to generate the synergistic effect of air purification.
Three unit UV high performance environment air purification devices adopt UV photocatalytic oxidation technology, and the photocatalytic oxidation system is by three sets of photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors and two sets of UVA ultraviolet lamp combinations, and the ultraviolet light can impel the organic matter degradation, produces efficient light oxygen effect, provides the photocatalytic reaction excitation energy for the solid-borne photocatalyst simultaneously, strengthens photocatalytic oxidation purification efficiency.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst is prepared by the following method: the foamed ceramic plate is used as a carrier, the composite immobilized photocatalyst is used as an impregnation liquid, ultrasonic waves are used for one-step impregnation for 20-40 min, and drying is carried out in a drying oven at a constant temperature of 80-120 ℃ for 2-3 h, so that the impregnation amount of the composite immobilized photocatalyst of the dried foamed ceramic plate reaches 0.8-1.5% by weight.
Further, in the above technical scheme, Ag is compounded+/TiO2The sterilizing filter screen is a folding sawtooth filter screen (HEPA filter screen) with folding distance of 5-6mm and folding width of 50-55mm, and the composite Ag is+/TiO2The sterilizing and disinfecting filter screen is made of composite Ag+/TiO2CatalysisThe agent is sprayed and loaded on a folding sawtooth-shaped filter screen, so that the specific surface area of the agent is increased, the agent has the effects of degerming, epidemic prevention, safety, long-acting and broad-spectrum disinfection, and is compounded with Ag+/TiO2The thickness of the catalyst on the filter screen is 200-300nm, and the loading capacity is 18-20 g.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the composite immobilized photocatalyst is prepared by the following method:
preparation of titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution
(1) Aqueous solution of titanium phosphate compound: mixing TiCl4Carrying out hydrothermal reaction on anhydrous ethanol and phosphoric acid at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ to synthesize 1-1.5 wt% of titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution;
(2) titanyl sulfate inorganic sol: dissolving titanyl sulfate in water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 500-600 ℃ to obtain titanyl sulfate inorganic sol;
(3) composite titanium phosphate titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution: uniformly mixing a titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution and titanyl sulfate inorganic sol according to a volume ratio of 10: 4-6, and adjusting the pH value to 6-7; adding the raw materials in a volume ratio of 10-11: 2, the volume ratio of the nitric acid-ethanol solution is 1: 3-4, heating and stirring the solution for 1-2 hours to ensure that the pH value of the solution is 1-2, and standing the solution at room temperature to obtain a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution;
preparation of titanium peroxide inorganic sol
TiOSO with the mass concentration of 9-9.2 percent4The mass ratio of the solution to 0.04-0.06% ammonia water solution is 1: 0.3-0.36, and performing constant volume precipitation to 10L; standing for 12-14 h, removing 1/2-2/3 of supernatant, fixing the volume to 10L again, centrifuging for 2-3 times at the rotating speed of more than 2500rpm, and fixing the volume to 10L again; adding equal volume of H2O2Then carrying out heat treatment at 100-110 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30-35 min, and adding deionized water to a constant volume of 20L to obtain a titanium hydroxide inorganic sol aqueous solution;
reacting titanium hydroxide inorganic sol aqueous solution at 500-520 ℃ for 30-35 minutes, and aging for 12-14 hours to obtain anatase crystal TiO2An aqueous solution; anatase type crystalline TiO2Sintering at 850-855 ℃ to obtain rutile ore type crystal TiO2An aqueous solution; making anatase type crystal TiO2Aqueous solution and rutile type crystalline TiO2Carrying out 100-110 ℃ hydrothermal reaction on the aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 6-7: 3-4 for 4-5 h, and standing for 12-14 h to obtain titanium peroxide inorganic sol;
preparation method of composite immobilized photocatalyst
Uniformly mixing a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution, a titanium peroxide inorganic sol and water according to a weight ratio of 1-3: 5-9 to obtain the composite immobilized photocatalyst.
Further, in the technical scheme, the pH value of the composite immobilized photocatalyst is 6-8.
The principle is as follows: nano TiO as main active component of photocatalyst2The paint is not corroded by acid, alkali, weathering and the like, can exist for a long time after being applied to the surface of an object, has stable performance, does not need regeneration, can be used permanently in theory, can save manpower and material resources, and reduces economic investment. TiO 22The method has the advantages of low price, no toxicity, no harm, good chemical stability, mild reaction conditions, high photocatalytic efficiency, wide purification objects, no secondary pollution, energy conservation, environmental protection and suitability for indoor environmental pollution treatment. Nano TiO 22The high-performance novel composite photocatalyst formed by doping other trace elements has higher catalytic effect, can be loaded on various building decoration materials, indoor decoration materials, furniture, office supplies, household appliances, medical appliances and various solid materials to form immobilized photocatalysts, can catalyze and decompose harmful substances in the environment under visible light, does not need additional energy, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the method is widely applied to the aspects of disinfection and bacteriostasis, indoor air purification, drinking water deepening treatment and the like, and the public health safety is guaranteed.
The three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic is a ceramic material which is sintered at high temperature and has a large number of three-dimensional network pore structures communicated with each other in the body, such as nano alumina, silicon oxide and the like, is a novel functional material with the advantages of low density, high permeability, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high mechanical strength, good heat insulation performance and the like, has good chemical stability, and can be prepared into porous ceramic suitable for various corrosive environments through material selection and process control; the composite material has good mechanical strength and rigidity, and the shape and the size of the pore channel can not be changed under the stress load of air pressure, hydraulic pressure or other stress loads; the heat resistance is good, and the porous ceramic made of the high-temperature resistant ceramic can filter molten steel or high-temperature gas; the pore channels are uniformly distributed; the specific surface area is large, the novel composite photocatalyst is loaded on the surface of the porous foamed ceramic carrier, so that a mesoporous film is formed on the surface of a foamed ceramic framework, the contact area with pollutants in the air is increased, and the decomposition rate is accelerated; the photocatalyst is excited by ultraviolet rays, has strong photocatalytic oxidation degradation characteristics, and can catalytically degrade volatile organic compounds and microorganisms in the air so as to purify the air.
Research proves that the nano TiO2Under the irradiation of ultraviolet ray, VOCs in air can be converted, and after being refracted by ordinary glass, the ultraviolet ray of indoor sunlight is almost zero, so that TiO2The conversion of VOCs in indoor air requires the assistance of an ultraviolet light source. The UVA ultraviolet lamp has a wavelength of 300-400nm, has strong penetrability, can effectively crack molecular bonds of malodorous gas, industrial VOCs and the like, can convert oxygen into ozone, and can oxidize free pollutant atoms (or atomic groups) into small-molecule harmless or low-harmful substances such as CO by ozone2、H2O, and the like.
The silver ion also has strong bactericidal effect, and the sterilization process is a contact bacteriostasis reaction, namely, the inherent components of the microorganism are damaged or dysfunction is generated after the silver ion is contacted with the microorganism. When a trace amount of silver ions reach the cell membrane of a microorganism, the silver ions with positive charges are combined with the cell membrane due to the coulomb attraction because the cell membrane is negatively charged, and the silver ions penetrate through the cell wall to enter the cell and react with the mercapto (-SH) of the cell wall to solidify proteins, destroy the activity of cell synthetases, and make the cell lose the capability of division and propagation to die. Practice proves that the TiO doped with silver ions2The synergistic effect of the photocatalyst and silver ions is beneficial to improving the active reaction and decomposition rate of the photocatalyst; doped Ag-TiO2Photocatalyst capable of killing bacillus cereus under visible lightStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, and MS2Bacteriophage, compared to pure nano TiO2Can obviously improve the air microbial pollution level.
The photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor is characterized in that a three-dimensional porous novel composite foamed ceramic supported photocatalyst is embedded in a 300mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 20mm (20ppi) through an upper metal frame and a lower metal frame which are shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', and a fixed clamping groove and a screw are combined together. Large specific surface area, high purification efficiency, convenient installation and regeneration treatment, and standardized and mass production
A three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device and a novel three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst are prepared by carrying metal ion co-doped composite titanium phosphate and titanium dioxide inorganic sol through one-time impregnation and low-temperature drying, and the time required by the preparation process flow is greatly shortened; the mesoporous coating is formed on the surface of the carrier, the catalytic efficiency is high, the mechanical strength is high, and the water washing regeneration is simple.
The three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device has three sides for air suction and top air exhaust, and has no dead angle of 360 degrees; the bottom of the inner shell of the box body is provided with a humidity adjusting device which adjusts the air humidity, promotes the photocatalytic oxidation active reaction and more effectively catalyzes and degrades the organic compounds in the air.
The three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device adopts a UV photocatalytic oxidation technology, and has the advantages of low-temperature deep reaction, thorough purification, strong oxidability, simple recovery and regeneration, long service life, green energy, safety, environmental protection, broad spectrum and the like. Titanium dioxide (TiO)2) The photocatalytic reaction can oxidize and decompose organic pollutants into nontoxic and harmless H2O and CO2And other inorganic ions (NO)3 -、Cl-And SO4 2-Etc.).
The novel composite photocatalyst is synthesized by noble metal, non-metallic material and photosensitization material, and the combination of mesoporous nano oxide and foamed ceramic carrier; technically changes the surface electron activation of the photocatalytic material, and the activation energy is broken through from ultraviolet light to visible light, thereby realizing the unification of high specific surface and high crystallinity. Meanwhile, separation of photon-generated carriers is promoted, the recombination probability is reduced, the time for decomposing pollutants is shortened from several hours to several minutes of historical subversion, and the mineralization rate is also improved to 98.72 percent. The novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic is combined with a UV photocatalytic oxidation technology, is at the international leading level at present, and along with the use of the technology in the field of environmental air purification, the traditional photocatalytic net (photocatalyst net) concept in the market is overturned, and the new chapter of strong oxidation, degradation and mineralization of chemical pollutants, bacteria and germs must be re-distributed in the removal time and removal rate.
TiO2The photocatalyst is used for purifying indoor air, the reaction system is simpler, the side reaction products are less, the organic pollutants are easier to degrade and mineralize, and the light utilization rate is high. The contaminated gas to be treated must contain water vapor at a certain concentration. If the polluted gas contains little or no water vapor, the strong oxidant hydroxyl on the surface of the photocatalyst material is gradually consumed and cannot be supplemented, so that the catalytic reaction efficiency is remarkably reduced due to the loss of active species. If the water vapor content is too high, it will react with the substrate (O) on the photocatalyst surface2、H2O, pollutants, etc.) form adsorption competition, resulting in a decrease in adsorbed substrate and a decrease in photocatalytic activity. Therefore, an automatic control moderate adjusting device is designed in the three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purifying device to adjust the air humidity.
The structural design of three unit UV high performance ambient air purifier is the technical key, and its design requirement is: under the condition of larger gas flow, the purification device ensures that all the places where the gas to be treated flows through are irradiated by ultraviolet light, no dark areas exist, and the ultraviolet light is distributed uniformly; the structure of the purification device can meet the requirement that the treated gas has enough time to fully contact with the photocatalyst and react when passing through the reactor; the flow resistance of the treated gas through the whole reactor is relatively small (pressure drop is small); and a continuous photocatalytic reaction system is adopted, so that a high-efficiency airspeed effect is realized.
How to effectively realize the combination of various processes and reduce the design threshold of the combined process, and aiming at the treatment of the VOC with medium and low concentration, the key of the design is to find an effective treatment process. An effective and low-cost air VOC treatment technology is provided on the basis of integration and innovation, namely a UV photocatalytic oxidation technology is a model for the integration and innovation application of an environment management technology, and the effective purification of VOC in indoor air is realized through the effective combination of the ultraviolet photolysis technology, the photocatalytic oxidation technology, the adsorption oxidation technology and the air filtration technology, so that the harmony between people and the environment is achieved. The UV photocatalytic oxidation technology focuses on the inactivation of microorganisms, bacteria and viruses in the ambient air on the premise of devoting to the degradation of VOC so as to achieve epidemic situation epidemic prevention and virus cross infection.
Composite Ag+/TiO2The sterilizing-disinfecting filter screen is a folding sawtooth filter screen, and the main difference between the photocatalytic reactor and the layer-grid reactor is that the material carrying the photocatalytic agent is folded into sawtooth ripples according to certain wave height and wave distance by utilizing the foldability of the material carrying the photocatalytic agent, and the sawtooth ripples are bonded on a support frame to form a part of the immobilized photocatalytic agent purifying device. The highly oxidative hydroxyl radicals (. OH) generated during the photocatalytic reaction are effective in destroying the cell walls of bacteria and coagulating viral proteins, thereby inactivating them. And this bactericidal effect is almost non-selective, including various bacteria and viruses. The object surface treated by the photocatalyst can generate super-hydrophilic characteristic, and after dust and dirt fall on the object surface, the dust and dirt can fall off along with clean water only by being cleaned by the clean water, so that the photocatalyst has an antifouling and self-cleaning function.
The multilayer purification technology enables dirty air to pass through a special filter, and the zigzag filter can capture the form of particles, so that microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and the like in the air can be killed while pollutants and particles in the air are captured.
The composite functional air filtering material is developed for specific industries such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, static resistance, bacteria resistance, virus killing, harmful gas removal and the like. The functional air filtering material is a material which has certain special performance different from the inherent performance of the common air filtering material and can meet the special functional requirements of special industries and fields on air filtering.
Secondly, a High Efficiency Air Particulate (HEAP) filter is a multi-layer purification technology widely used at present. HEAP was originally developed during world war II to prevent radioactive particulates in exhaust gases from nuclear reactor facilities. Due to their very high filtration efficiency, HEAP high efficiency filters have since become an important technology in clean rooms for industrial, medical, military, etc. The filter media of the HEAP high efficiency filter is made of fine glass fibers, which consistently has been found to have a minimum particle removal rate as high as 99.97% for all particles of 0.3 microns and larger.
(iii) passing through Ag+/TiO2The surface of the catalyst is processed, so that the catalyst is firmly solidified on the surface of the filter material, a new antibacterial and antiviral performance is given to the filter material, the set thickness and the use amount of the catalyst enable the photocatalyst to exist for a long time, the photocatalyst is not influenced by acid and alkali, and the photocatalyst is insoluble in water and is convenient to clean and regenerate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention firstly proposes to combine the novel three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst with the UV photocatalytic oxidation technology, designs a novel three-unit high-performance ambient air purification device, wherein three units comprise three photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors and two groups of ultraviolet lamps, and are the optimal configuration of the air purification device. A novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic is a high-performance and high-efficiency immobilized photocatalyst prepared by titanium phosphate and titanium dioxide. The adopted photocatalytic carrier is a three-dimensional, irregular and interconnected foam ceramic plate with a pore structure, and the ceramic plate is a ceramic-based non-metal material with large specific surface area, high mechanical strength, uniform fluid distribution and the like. The combination of the porous structure of the novel immobilized photocatalyst and the mesoporous composite photocatalyst produces huge adsorption performance and effective synergistic effect of photocatalytic reaction, obviously improves the quantum effect of photocatalytic oxidation, increases the reaction rate, and achieves the reaction purification effect at the second speed.
The invention provides a novel three-dimensional porous composite immobilized photocatalyst, a unit reactor prepared by a standardized design can realize batch and commercial production, the preparation can be completed by pretreatment, one-time impregnation loading and drying, a plurality of procedures of the traditional sol-gel preparation method are changed, the working time is long, an energy consumption source is large, industrial production is difficult to realize, experiments prove that the preparation method has the characteristics of simple production and processing process flow, less equipment investment and low cost, and the immobilized photocatalyst can effectively catalyze and degrade continuous and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the air, planktonic bacteria in the air and viruses of formed aerosol under the conditions of natural light and ultraviolet light, prevent virus infection and control the development of epidemic situation.
The invention firstly applies the ultrasonic dispersion technology to the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic impregnation loading process of the composite nano photocatalyst, can inhibit the crystal growth of the catalyst, is beneficial to the uniform loading of nano particles of the catalyst on the foamed ceramic plate so as to achieve the soaking amount of the immobilized photocatalyst of 15-20 percent, can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of a pore channel framework of the foamed ceramic plate initially, and can form a firm mesoporous photocatalyst coating film by drying treatment, thereby effectively increasing the contact of the specific surface area and reactants and improving the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency and reaction rate.
(IV) the application of the three-unit UV photocatalytic oxidation technology forms a high-efficiency photocatalytic oxidation system in the ambient air purification device, the composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst is formed by combining a metal frame in a shape like a Chinese character 'ri', the composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst belongs to the domestic initiative, and the composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst has the following characteristics when being applied to the design of the ambient air purification device:
(1) low-temperature deep reaction: the photocatalytic oxidation can completely oxidize organic pollutants in the air into non-toxic and harmless substances at room temperature.
(2) The purification is thorough: it directly oxidizes the volatile organic pollutant in the air into non-toxic harmless substance, and has no any secondary pollution, and the filtering adsorption method widely used at present does not decompose pollutant, but only transfers the pollution source.
(3) Green energy: the photocatalyst is not consumed in the reaction process. From the perspective of energy, this feature makes photocatalytic technology more attractive for energy conservation and environmental protection.
(4) Strong oxidizability: a large number of researches show that the semiconductor nano material has the characteristic of strong oxidizability, and can effectively decompose certain organic matters which are difficult to oxidize by ozone, such as trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride and hexachlorobenzene, so that the semiconductor nano material has special significance on the organic matters which are difficult to degrade, an effective oxidant of photocatalysis is hydroxyl free radical (. OH), and the oxidizability of the. OH is higher than that of common ozone, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, hypochlorous acid and the like.
(5) Broad spectrum property: photocatalysis is effective on various organic matters from hydrocarbon to carboxylic acid, nine types of 114 pollutants published by the U.S. environmental protection agency are proved to be treated by photocatalysis, even atomic organic matters such as halohydrocarbon, dye, nitrogen-containing organic matters and organophosphorus insecticide have good removal effect, and complete purification can be achieved through continuous reaction generally.
(6) The service life is long: theoretically, the lifetime of a photocatalyst is a semi-permanent property.
(7) Safety guarantee: the innocuity test for titanium dioxide has been demonstrated. The titanium dioxide is determined by the American FDA food inspection center to be harmless to human bodies. Therefore, it is widely used in the food, daily necessities, cosmetics, medicine, and livestock breeding industries. In Japan, titanium dioxide is prescribed by the statute as one of food additives to maximize human health.
(8) The recovery and regeneration are simple: even if the surface of the foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst is polluted, the foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst can be reused after being cleaned and dried, and the performance cannot be reduced.
The design and manufacture of the unit reactor (V) is an application of an innovative technology, can be widely applied to various types of ambient air purification devices and fresh air systems, and can be designed into a high-performance and high-efficiency double-sided UV unit reactor, namely, a three-dimensional porous novel composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst and an ultraviolet lamp are alternately combined, can be applied to a pollutant photocatalytic oxidation system in a polluted gas emission device, and can also be applied to industrial VOCs emission purification equipment and a photocatalytic oxidation system, particularly in the field of health and medical care, in the aspects of inactivating viruses, killing bacteria, preventing epidemic situation cross infection, preventing the propagation and infection of aerosol viruses, and has immeasurable practical application value.
Sixthly, the main component of the independently developed high-performance novel composite photocatalyst is metal ion co-doped titanium phosphate titanium dioxide. TiO 22The photocatalyst particles have a particle diameter of 5 to 10 nm. The hydroxyl content of the photocatalyst is obviously increased by doping metal ions, and TiO2The visible light catalytic activity is obviously improved, and the activity is pure TiO22.5 times of the total weight of the powder. And the doped metal ions are in TiO2Impurity energy level is generated in the band gap, the forbidden bandwidth is reduced, and the light absorption area is red-shifted to 580-670 nm. The degradation rate of the photocatalyst coating film to rhodamine B can reach 100 percent by simulating 120min of radiation under sunlight, and the degradation rate can also reach 91.3 percent under visible light with the wavelength of 470-800 nm. Has high activity reaction and reaction rate. Because of the adoption of nano material composite technology, the active specific surface area can reach 41.6m2/m3. The method is widely applied to indoor air pollution treatment and indoor environment air purification treatment.
(VII) by TiO2The novel composite photocatalyst produced by the modified and co-solution metal ion doped semiconductor composite technology is a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide composite immobilized photocatalyst, and has the following properties:
a. nano-crystallization of semiconductor material: the surface area is obviously increased by adopting a nano material with the particle size of 2-5 nm. The surface atomic number is obviously increased, the proportion is improved to 80 percent, and the photocatalytic reaction efficiency is obviously improved. The pollutant adsorption capacity and light absorption are enhanced, and the photocatalytic reaction efficiency is improved;
b. through doping modification, the positions of a conduction band and a valence band are changed, the forbidden bandwidth is reduced, the absorption spectrum is expanded to a visible light region, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved. Modification of TiO2Band structure of (3), TiO2The activity and the reaction rate of the photocatalyst effectively reduce the recombination of electrons and holes, and improve the photocatalytic activity and the reaction rate;
c. the metal ion doping is to introduce ions into TiO by a physical and chemical method2I.e. introducing new charges, altering the TiO2Or form new defects, affect the state of photogenerated electrons and holes, therebyLead to TiO2The photocatalytic activity and the reaction efficiency are improved;
d. the effective composition of the nano semiconductor material is proved by tests: visible light wavelength is significantly red-shifted to 580-670 nm, and is a single-crystal anatase phase TiO2The reaction activity of the photocatalyst is 2.5-3 times that of the photocatalyst. Degradation of H under fluorescent lamp2S, the degradation efficiency per hour is up to 96.9%. A very high visible light photocatalytic activity reaction is obtained;
the new composite solid carried photocatalyst of three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic developed by the invention is the new composite TiO produced and manufactured by the invention2The photocatalyst is organically combined with porous carriers such as porous foamed ceramics and the like, and the high performance, the high activity and the high efficiency of the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramics are exerted to the greatest extent. The method solves the limitation and bottleneck of the photocatalytic technology in industrial application over the years, and realizes engineering application. The UV photocatalysis technology developed and developed by the invention can be applied to the purification and emission treatment of industrial waste gas and the advanced treatment of urban tap water through commercial manufacture.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an appearance schematic diagram of a three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification device.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a three unit UV high performance ambient air purification device after topping.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of a three unit UV high performance ambient air purification device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor.
FIG. 5 is an electron microscope (SEM) image of photocatalyst immobilized on three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic.
FIG. 6 shows the formaldehyde adsorption and decomposition effects of the three-dimensional porous ceramic foam immobilized photocatalyst.
FIG. 7 is a formaldehyde adsorption decomposition test of a three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic supported photocatalyst.
FIG. 8 shows a composite Ag+/TiO2And (5) performing an antibacterial experiment on the catalyst.
In the figure, 1, a top cover; 11. a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor; 12. a UVA ultraviolet lamp set; 13. composite Ag+/TiO2Sterilizing and disinfecting a filter screen; 14. an active carbon filter screen; 15. primary filtering net; 16. a power source; 17. a unit reactor fixing handle; 18. a turbo fan; 2. a display panel; 3. an air suction opening; 31. a vertical air suction opening; 32. a transverse air suction opening; 4. an air outlet; 5. a humidity adjusting device; 6. fixing a handle; 7. a body; 21. a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame a; 22. a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame b; 23. fixing the clamping groove; 24. a screw hole; 25. the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will allow one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, a three-unit UV ambient air purification device is provided with a cubic body 7, a front panel of the body 7 is provided with a transverse air inlet 32 near the bottom, a display panel 2 is provided on the front panel near the top, a top cover 1 on the top surface of the body 7 is provided with an air inlet 4, the air inlet 4 is near the rear panel of the body 7, vertical air inlets 31 are provided on both sides of the body 7, and the vertical air inlets 31 are positioned near the front panel; the bottom surface is equipped with humidity control device 5 in organism 7, and humidity control device 5 is close to organism 7 front panel, and 5 top parallels of humidity control device are equipped with primary filter screen 15 and active carbon filter screen 14, and primary filter screen 15 is close to organism 7 front panel, and 4 below of air exit are equipped with turbofan 18, and turbofan 18 locates organism 7 rear panel intermediate position, and the parallel is equipped with compound Ag between turbofan 18 and the active carbon filter screen 14+/TiO2Sterilizing and disinfecting filter screen 13, composite Ag+/TiO23 photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors 11 are arranged between the sterilization-disinfection filter screen 13 and the activated carbon filter screen 14 in parallel, UVA ultraviolet lamp sets 12 are arranged between adjacent photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors 11 in parallel, and a power supply 16 is arranged at the position, close to the rear panel, of the bottom surface of the machine body 7. The main body of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor 11 is a frame shaped like a Chinese character ' ri ', the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst 25 is filled in the frame, and the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor is a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame shaped like a Chinese character ' ri ' a21 and a Chinese character ' riThe photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frames b22 with the frame-shaped structure are arranged side by side in the fixed clamping groove 23, and screws are screwed into the screw holes 24 for connection. The turbo fan 18 is a turbo type, silent, variable speed, high power suction fan; a roller is arranged below the machine body 7; a fixed handle 6 is arranged above the vertical air suction opening 31; the top of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor 11 is provided with a unit reactor fixing handle 17; two ends of the UVA ultraviolet lamp group 12 are provided with ultraviolet lamp fixing frames. And an electrostatic adsorption filtering device is arranged on the periphery of the air suction opening 3. The machine body 7, the ultraviolet lamp fixing frame, the inner frame 21 of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the outer frame 22 of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the fixing clamping groove 23 and the humidity adjusting device 5 are made of metal materials, and the outer surface of the machine body 7 is decorated by baking varnish. Each UVA ultraviolet lamp group 12 consists of at least three 18W UVA ultraviolet lamps, and a layer of composite immobilized photocatalyst is uniformly sprayed on the surface of a lamp tube of the UVA ultraviolet lamps and is dried to form a layer of photocatalyst film on the surface of the lamp tube. The three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst is prepared by the following method: the foamed ceramic plate is used as a carrier, the composite immobilized photocatalyst is used as an impregnation liquid, ultrasonic waves are used for one-step impregnation for 20-40 min, and drying is carried out in a drying oven at a constant temperature of 80-120 ℃ for 2-3 h, so that the impregnation amount of the composite immobilized photocatalyst of the dried foamed ceramic plate reaches 0.8-1.5% by weight. Composite Ag+/TiO2The degerming-disinfecting filter screen 13 is a folding sawtooth filter screen with folding distance of 5mm and folding width of 50mm, and the composite Ag is+/TiO2The degerming-disinfecting filter screen 13 is made of composite Ag+/TiO2The catalyst is sprayed and loaded on a folding sawtooth type filter screen to be prepared and compounded with Ag+/TiO2The thickness of the catalyst on the filter screen is 200-300nm, and the loading capacity is 18-20 g.
Example 2
When the device is started, polluted air is sucked into the metal machine body 7 through the opened high-power mute variable-speed turbofan 18 and the three air suction ports, firstly passes through the electrostatic dust removal device arranged at the periphery of the air suction ports, then passes through the primary filter screen 15 to filter flocculent dust, allergen and the like, then enters the activated carbon filter screen 14 to be adsorbed and filtered again, and enters the UV photocatalytic oxidation system consisting of the three photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors 11 and the two UVA ultraviolet lamp sets 12In the method, polluted air is contacted with a titanium dioxide film loaded with a foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst, and the titanium dioxide film decomposes harmful substances in the polluted air under the photocatalysis of the UVA ultraviolet lamp group 12 and then enters the composite Ag+/TiO2The sterilization-disinfection filter screen 13 is used for disinfection, sterilization and disinfection, and finally the purified air is discharged from the upper air outlet 4; in the whole reaction process, when the air humidity is lower than 35%, the humidity adjusting device 5 is automatically started; when the air humidity is higher than 50%, the air is automatically dehumidified.
The machine body adopts a full-automatic and intelligent control system, is operated in one key mode, and is simple and quick; in the normal operation process of the machine body, when the machine body is vibrated or moved, the power-off safety protection mode can be automatically started; and a series of intelligent operation display systems such as an artificial intelligent voice recognition system and the like can also be installed.
Example 3
Composite Ag+/TiO2Catalyst and composite Ag+/TiO2The preparation method of the sterilization-disinfection filter screen comprises the following steps:
adopting 1.5-2 wt% of nano Ag+Inorganic sol solution and TiO2Nano Ag at 120 deg.C+Inorganic sol solution and TiO2The mass ratio of the Ag to the Ag is 1-2:1-2:6-8, and the neutral composite Ag is prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis method+/TiO2Catalyst, compounding Ag+/TiO2The catalyst is uniformly sprayed and loaded on a folding sawtooth type filter screen (HEPA filter screen) by a high-pressure spray gun to form composite Ag+/TiO2Sterilizing and disinfecting filter screen. Make Ag compound+/TiO2The catalyst forms a film with the thickness of 200-300nm on the surface of the filter screen, and Ag is compounded+/TiO2The usage amount of the catalyst is 18-20g, so that the catalyst has the effects of adsorbing and decomposing aerosol viruses, sterilizing and preventing epidemic, and being safe, long-acting and broad-spectrum in disinfection.
Example 4
The preparation method of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor comprises the following steps:
each set of photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor consists of two three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic novel composite immobilized photocatalysts and a set of metal frame. The metal frame is made of 304 stainless steel, stainless steel aluminum profiles, light steel materials and the like, and is cut by laser and punched to form a frame with a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', the frame is divided into a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame a21 and a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame b22, the left side and the right side of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame a21 and the left side and the right side of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame b22 are respectively provided with screw holes 24, the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame a21 and the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame b22 are assembled together by screws for use without welding, and a stainless steel fixing clamping groove 23 is arranged between the two novel composite immobilized photocatalysts 25 of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramics to adjust the positive and negative difference of the novel composite immobilized photocatalysts of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramics and the firmness of the frame. As a core component in the device, the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor can be used for manufacturing different core components according to design requirements, can be used for purifying systems of indoor fresh air equipment, air conditioners and the like, and realizes commercial supply.
Example 5
The preparation method of the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of titanium phosphate and titanium dioxide
(1) Aqueous solution of titanium phosphate compound
Mixing TiCl4Mixing the titanium phosphate with absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 1:15, stirring the mixture evenly in a reaction kettle, then adding 10g of phosphoric acid solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 140 ℃ to fully and evenly mix the mixture to obtain 1-1.5 wt% of titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution.
(2) Titanyl sulfate inorganic sol
Dissolving titanyl sulfate with solid content of more than 90% in water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 500-600 ℃ to obtain titanyl sulfate inorganic sol;
(3) composite titanium phosphate titanium dioxide sol water solution
Uniformly mixing a titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution and titanyl sulfate inorganic sol according to a volume ratio of 10: 4-6, and adjusting the pH value to 6-7; adding a mixed solution of sodium silicate, nitric acid and ethanol in a volume ratio of 10:2 under the condition of stirring at 50-80 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the nitric acid to the ethanol solution is 1:3, so that the pH value of the mixed solution is 1-2, heating and stirring for 1-2h, and standing at room temperature to obtain a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution;
step two, preparation of titanium peroxide inorganic sol
4.4kg of TiOSO with the mass concentration of 9 percent is taken4Adding 1.56kg of 0.05% ammonia water solution into the solution, and performing constant volume precipitation to 10L; standing for 12h, removing half of the supernatant, diluting to 10L, centrifuging for 2-3 times (at a speed of above 2500 rpm), precipitating, and diluting to desired volume; 1:1 and 1kg of H2O2Carrying out heat treatment at 100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, and adding deionized water to a constant volume of 20L to obtain a titanium hydroxide inorganic sol aqueous solution;
pouring the solution into a 1L high-pressure autoclave, reacting at 500 deg.C for 30min, aging for 12 hr, and converting titanium hydroxide into anatase type crystal TiO2. Sintering at 850 deg.C to obtain anatase type crystal TiO2Transformed into rutile type crystalline TiO2An aqueous solution. Adjusting the concentration of anatase type crystal TiO2Aqueous solution and rutile ore type crystal TiO after concentration adjustment2Carrying out hydrothermal synthesis on the aqueous solution at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 4 hours according to the proportion of 6-7: 3-4, and standing for 12 hours to form milky white mixed crystal TiO2And (3) compounding the aqueous solution.
Step three, preparation method of novel composite immobilized photocatalyst
And (3) weighing 100g of the titanium phosphate compound prepared in the first step and 100g of the titanium peroxide inorganic sol prepared in the second step, and hydrolyzing, stirring and mixing the titanium phosphate compound and the titanium peroxide inorganic sol with 800g of water to form an impregnation solution, namely the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst.
Step four, cleaning of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic plate
Weighing 4 foam ceramic plates (20ppi) with specification of 100 × 100 × 20mm, placing into an ultrasonic immersion tank, adding deionized water to make the foam ceramic plates submerged, starting ultrasonic wave, 32kHz, and cleaning for 20-30 min. And taking out the cleaned foamed ceramic plate, throwing away excessive water, absorbing the foamed ceramic plate by using paper, putting the foamed ceramic plate into a drying box, heating to 100 ℃, drying at constant temperature for about 1h (related to the volume of the foamed ceramic), taking out the foamed ceramic plate after naturally cooling to room temperature until the foamed ceramic plate is completely dried, and weighing the foamed ceramic plate (the water content is less than or equal to 5%).
Step five, preparation method of novel composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst
Putting 4 dried foamed ceramic plates (20ppi) with the specification of 100X 20mm and the fourth step into an ultrasonic immersion tank, and pouring the prepared immersion liquid (namely the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst) in the third step into the tank to completely immerse the foamed ceramic plates. And (2) after ultrasonic dipping for 20min, taking out, filtering out redundant dropping liquid, placing on a filter frame, repeatedly turning over until no dropping liquid exists, drying at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ in an oven, turning over every 30min to ensure that the dipping liquid is uniformly loaded, keeping the constant temperature for about 1-2h (related to the volume of the foamed ceramic), naturally cooling to room temperature in the oven, and taking out to obtain the novel composite foamed ceramic immobilized photocatalyst.
FIG. 5 shows an electron microscope image of photocatalyst immobilized on three-dimensional porous ceramic foam. FIG. 5 is a skeleton electron microscope image of the foamed ceramic plate, which is shown from left to right; a single skeleton electron microscope picture of the foam ceramic plate loaded with photocatalysis; the photocatalyst film is arranged on the surface of the photocatalyst-loaded foam ceramic plate.
Example 6
The UVA ultraviolet banks adopts the same pattern of photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, and the UVA ultraviolet banks of every group comprises 3 18W UVA ultraviolet lamps, evenly arranges, and every UVA ultraviolet lamp fluorescent tube surface has all sprayed the novel compound photocatalyst that carries of one deck, carries out the photocatalysis technology and handles, reaches antifouling self-cleaning's effect, prolongs the life of fluorescent tube, and the active reaction of excitation light catalysis produces air purification synergism simultaneously.
Example 7
The novel composite ceramic foam immobilized photocatalyst prepared according to example 5 was placed in a 45L air bag having an initial concentration of formaldehyde of 0.3 to 0.4ppm, as shown in FIG. 7, and the concentration in the air bag was measured within 0 to 120 hours using a gas detection tube, and plotted as FIG. 6; as can be seen from FIG. 6, the degradation rate of the three-dimensional porous novel composite foamed ceramic supported photocatalyst to formaldehyde within 24 hours can reach more than 80%.
The use conditions are as follows:
1. the temperature set in the air bag is 23 +/-22 ℃.
2. The test piece had a size of 150X 150mm and a thickness of 12.5 mm.
3. The back and sides are protected with aluminum foil.
Example 8
Firstly, use compound Ag+/TiO2The catalyst was used as a test sample.
Culture of test bacteria and preparation of bacterial liquid common culture dishes are used for escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. After the culture, a test bacterial suspension having a bacterial count of 107/mL was prepared using a physiological saline solution.
Contacting and culturing test bacteria liquid
The experimental bacteria solution was added to 9mL of the test sample, and the culture was performed at 35 ℃.
(iv) antibacterial test
For test samples cultured for 2 days, 3 days, and 5 days, a 10-fold dilution was prepared using physiological saline. These dilutions were then contacted with each petri dish and incubated at 35 ℃. After the culture, the number of colonies formed on the petri dish was measured and converted into the number of viable bacteria.
Figure BDA0002579755640000191
-: this indicates that no colonies could be detected in 1mL of the test solution.
FIG. 1 is an external configuration view of a three-unit UV high performance ambient air purification device; the whole machine body and part of parts of the purification device are made of metal materials, so that the purification device is safe and environment-friendly; the air is sucked from the bottom, the left side and the right side of the front surface, the air is exhausted from the top, and no dead angle exists in 360-degree purification; the turbine type, silent, variable speed and high-power suction fan is adopted, so that the sufficient airspeed is ensured, and meanwhile, the environmental noise pollution is avoided; a humidity adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the inner shell of the machine body to adjust the air humidity and promote the UV photocatalytic oxidation active reaction; when the humidity is lower than 35%, the humidity adjusting device is automatically started; when the concentration is higher than 50%, the operation is automatically stopped; the intelligent control panel displays real-time numerical values of temperature, humidity, PM2.5, formaldehyde and the like, and masters the air quality at any time; the two sides are provided with fixed handles, and the bottom is provided with universal wheels, so that the movement is simple and convenient.
Can design polycell UV photocatalytic oxidation reaction system according to different indoor environment and application, improve airspeed purification efficiency, also can design the UV high performance ambient air purifier of different specifications, according to the market demand, design the pollutant of different operating modes for the UV high performance ambient air purifier of different specifications such as indoor new trend equipment circulation purification, outdoor emission.
FIG. 2 is an internal configuration view of a three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification apparatus; the electrostatic dust collection devices are arranged on two sides of the air suction opening, high-speed electrons are released, and allergic substances such as mould, ticks (excrement, dead bodies), pollen and the like can be adsorbed; the primary filter screen can filter large-particle pollutants such as dust, hair and the like in the air; ag with a content of 1.5-2 wt%+With TiO2Preparing neutral composite Ag by hydrothermal synthesis at 120 deg.C+/TiO2Catalyst, compounding Ag+/TiO2The catalyst is uniformly sprayed and loaded on the folded zigzag filter screen, so that the specific surface area of the filter screen is increased, and the filter screen has the effects of adsorbing and decomposing aerosol viruses, sterilizing and preventing epidemic, and being safe, long-acting and broad-spectrum; three groups of photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors and two groups of UVA ultraviolet lamp groups form three groups of UV photocatalytic oxidation systems, volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde and benzene series substances which are harmful to human health can be effectively decomposed, VOCs are purified, and public health safety is guaranteed; and the activated carbon filter screen performs adsorption filtration again, and finally fresh air is discharged. The novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic is prepared by carrying out one-time impregnation loading and low-temperature drying on metal ion co-doped composite titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide inorganic sol, greatly shortens the time required by the preparation process flow, changes the process flow of repeated impregnation, drying and sintering of the traditional sol-gel preparation method, breaks through the bottleneck of industrial application of the photocatalytic technology, realizes the application of industrial commercialization, and can effectively decompose pollutants and VOCs in air under the condition of solar energy to regenerateCarrying out reaction; can be regenerated by washing with water, and the catalytic degradation and purification effect can not be influenced by repeated use. Each group of UVA ultraviolet lamps consists of 3 UVA ultraviolet lamps of 18W, the surface of each lamp tube is subjected to photocatalytic technology treatment, the antifouling and self-cleaning effects are achieved, the service life of the lamp tubes is prolonged, and meanwhile, the photocatalytic activity reaction is excited to generate the air purification synergistic effect. The UVA ultraviolet lamp holder is integrally fixed on a metal inner shell and then mutually fixed with the whole outer shell through screws; the inside of the metal inner shell comprises a circuit switch system of the whole ambient air purification device; the fixing frame and parts of the whole environment air purification device are riveted by bolts, are firmly fastened and do not generate intermittent looseness or vibration. The photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor and the filter screen are assembled from the upper part of the machine body and are arranged in the three-unit UV high-performance ambient air purification device through the slideways on two sides.
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a unit reactor frame for a three-unit UV high-performance environmental air purification device, wherein each unit reactor is composed of two three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic novel composite immobilized photocatalysts and a metal frame. The metal frame adopts 304 stainless steel, stainless steel aluminum profile, light steel material and the like to manufacture an upper frame and a lower frame with a structure shaped like a Chinese character ri, the upper frame and the lower frame are embedded and tightly attached to each other, the left side and the right side are fixed by screws, welding is not needed, and the assembly and disassembly are simple and convenient; unit reactors with different specifications and sizes can be designed according to requirements, and normalization and commercialization are realized; a fixed clamping groove is arranged between the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic so as to adjust the positive and negative difference of the specification and the firmness of the frame; the outer frame protection frame adopts angle steel type stainless steel to stabilize the novel composite immobilized photocatalyst of the three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic; the fixed handle is designed above the frame, and the assembly is simple and convenient.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a three unit UV ambient air purifier, its characterized in that, three unit UV ambient air purifier are equipped with cube form organism (7), and organism (7) front panel is close to the bottom and is equipped with horizontal inlet scoop (32), and the top that is close to on the front panel is equipped with display panel (2), is equipped with air intake (4) on top cap (1) of organism (7) top surface, and air intake (4) are close to organism (7) rear panel, and organism (7) both sides are equipped withThe vertical air suction opening (31), the position of the vertical air suction opening (31) is close to the front panel; the bottom surface is equipped with humidity control device (5) in organism (7), humidity control device (5) are close to organism (7) front panel, humidity control device (5) top parallel is equipped with just filter screen (15) and active carbon filter screen (14), just filter screen (15) are close to organism (7) front panel, air exit (4) below is equipped with turbofan (18), turbofan (18) are located organism (7) rear panel intermediate position, parallel is equipped with compound Ag between turbofan (18) and active carbon filter screen (14)+/TiO2A sterilization-disinfection filter screen (13) compounded with Ag+/TiO23 photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors (11) are arranged between the sterilization-disinfection filter screen (13) and the active carbon filter screen (14) in parallel, a UVA ultraviolet lamp group (12) is arranged between the adjacent photocatalytic oxidation unit reactors (11) in parallel, and a power supply (16) is arranged at the position, close to the rear panel, of the bottom surface of the machine body (7).
2. The three-unit UV ambient air purification device according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor (11) is mainly a frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', a three-dimensional porous foamed ceramic composite immobilized photocatalyst (25) is filled in the frame, and the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor (11) is a frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame a (21) and a frame shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', a photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor frame b (22) are arranged side by side in the fixed clamping groove (23), and screws are screwed into the screw holes (24) for connection.
3. Three-unit UV ambient air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbo fan (18) is a turbo, silent, variable speed, high power suction fan; a roller is arranged below the machine body (7); a fixed handle (6) is arranged above the vertical air suction opening (31); the top of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor (11) is provided with a unit reactor fixing handle (17); two ends of the UVA ultraviolet lamp group (12) are provided with ultraviolet lamp fixing frames.
4. Three-unit UV ambient air purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that an electrostatic adsorption filtration device is provided around the suction opening (3).
5. The three-unit UV ambient air purification device according to claim 1, wherein the body (7), the holder for the UV lamps, the inner frame (21) of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the outer frame (22) of the photocatalytic oxidation unit reactor, the fixing slots (23) and the humidity adjusting device (5) are made of metal materials, and the outer surface of the body (7) is decorated by baking varnish.
6. The three-unit UV ambient air purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the groups of UVA UV lamps (12) comprises at least three UVA UV lamps, and wherein a layer of composite supported photocatalyst is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the UVA UV lamps to form a photocatalyst film on the surface of the lamps after drying.
7. The three-unit UV ambient air purification device of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional porous ceramic foam composite immobilized photocatalyst is prepared by a method comprising: the foamed ceramic plate is used as a carrier, the composite immobilized photocatalyst is used as an impregnation liquid, ultrasonic waves are used for one-step impregnation for 20-40 min, and drying is carried out in a drying oven at a constant temperature of 80-120 ℃ for 2-3 h, so that the impregnation amount of the composite immobilized photocatalyst of the dried foamed ceramic plate reaches 0.8-1.5% by weight.
8. Three-unit UV ambient air purification device according to claim 1, characterized by a composite Ag+/TiO2The degerming-disinfecting filter screen (13) is a folding sawtooth type filter screen, and is compounded with Ag+/TiO2The degerming-disinfecting filter screen (13) is made of composite Ag+/TiO2The catalyst is sprayed and loaded on a folding sawtooth type filter screen to be prepared and compounded with Ag+/TiO2The thickness of the catalyst on the filter screen is 200-300nm, and the loading capacity is 18-20 g.
9. The three-unit UV ambient air purification device of claim 6 or 7, wherein the composite immobilized photocatalyst is prepared by a method comprising:
preparation of titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution
(1) Aqueous solution of titanium phosphate compound: mixing TiCl4Carrying out hydrothermal reaction on anhydrous ethanol and phosphoric acid at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ to synthesize 1-1.5 wt% of titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution;
(2) titanyl sulfate inorganic sol: dissolving titanyl sulfate with solid content of more than 90% in water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 500-600 ℃ to obtain titanyl sulfate inorganic sol;
(3) composite titanium phosphate titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution: uniformly mixing a titanium phosphate compound aqueous solution and titanyl sulfate inorganic sol according to a volume ratio of 10: 4-6, and adjusting the pH value to 6-7; adding the raw materials in a volume ratio of 10-11: 2, the volume ratio of the nitric acid-ethanol solution is 1: 3-4, heating and stirring the mixed solution for 1-2 hours to ensure that the pH value of the mixed solution is 1-2, and standing at room temperature to obtain a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution;
preparation of titanium peroxide inorganic sol
TiOSO with the mass concentration of 9-9.2 percent4The mass ratio of the solution to 0.04-0.06% ammonia water solution is 1: 0.3-0.36, and performing constant volume precipitation to 10L; standing for 12-14 h, removing 1/2-2/3 of supernatant, fixing the volume to 10L again, centrifuging for 2-3 times at the rotating speed of more than 2500rpm, and fixing the volume to 10L again; adding equal volume of H2O2Then carrying out heat treatment at 100-110 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30-35 min, and adding deionized water to a constant volume of 20L to obtain a titanium hydroxide inorganic sol aqueous solution;
reacting titanium hydroxide inorganic sol aqueous solution at 500-520 ℃ for 30-35 minutes, and aging for 12-14 hours to obtain anatase crystal TiO2An aqueous solution; anatase type crystalline TiO2Sintering at 850-855 ℃ to obtain rutile ore type crystal TiO2An aqueous solution; making anatase type crystal TiO2Aqueous solution and rutile type crystalline TiO2Carrying out 100-110 ℃ hydrothermal reaction on the aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 6-7: 3-4 for 4-5 h, and standing for 12-14 h to obtain titanium peroxide inorganic sol;
preparation method of composite immobilized photocatalyst
Uniformly mixing a titanium phosphate-titanium dioxide sol aqueous solution, a titanium peroxide inorganic sol and water according to a weight ratio of 1-3: 5-9 to obtain the composite immobilized photocatalyst.
10. The dual-unit UV photocatalytic oxidation reaction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the pH value of the composite supported photocatalyst is 6 to 8.
CN202010664244.5A 2020-07-10 2020-07-10 Three unit UV ambient air purification devices Pending CN111804143A (en)

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