CN111802449A - Banana preservative, preparation method thereof and carton - Google Patents
Banana preservative, preparation method thereof and carton Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111802449A CN111802449A CN202010624310.6A CN202010624310A CN111802449A CN 111802449 A CN111802449 A CN 111802449A CN 202010624310 A CN202010624310 A CN 202010624310A CN 111802449 A CN111802449 A CN 111802449A
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- Prior art keywords
- banana
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- zeolite
- preservative
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- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WRWQVSOJXAVREP-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlorotitanium hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+4] WRWQVSOJXAVREP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical group [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052678 stilbite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[AlH3] Chemical compound [O].[AlH3] CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000021015 bananas Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- -1 preferably Substances 0.000 description 7
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003260 anti-sepsis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDBOLQCPEKXSBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Ti]Cl Chemical compound [Ti]Cl PDBOLQCPEKXSBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010036067 polydipsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/157—Inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
- B65D81/20—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
- B65D85/34—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges or tomatoes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a banana preservative and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the banana preservative comprises the steps of slowly adding titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution into zeolite dispersion liquid according to the weight ratio of 1:10-30, stirring for reaction, and collecting to obtain zeolite precipitate; soaking a composition consisting of 40-55 parts by weight of bentonite, 15-20 parts by weight of opal and 25-40 parts by weight of zeolite precipitate in a potassium permanganate solution for 30-60 minutes, centrifuging and filtering to obtain a solid, mixing the solid with 5-15 parts by weight of calcium oxide, drying at 400-800 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and then mixing with 20-30 parts by weight of silicon micropowder. The invention has higher sterilization inhibiting effect while keeping fresh, thereby being particularly suitable for the transportation and preservation of bananas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit preservation, in particular to a banana preservative, a preparation method thereof and a carton.
Background
The banana is an evergreen herbaceous plant of tropical and subtropical regions, the growth and harvesting are fast, fruits are ripe in each month in the whole year, preferably 8-10 months, and the banana is rich in carbohydrate, protein, mineral substances, vitamins and other nutrient substances. The banana is a health food with the functions of relieving polydipsia, moistening lung and intestines, promoting blood circulation, filling marrow and essence, reducing blood pressure and the like. The bananas are jump-type fruits, the bananas harvested in midsummer and at high temperature and humidity are easy to yellow and mature and even rot, and the important significance is achieved for keeping the bananas for a long time without losing economic value after the bananas are harvested and carrying out banana fresh-keeping research.
At present, a plurality of banana preservation methods are available, some banana preservation methods utilize low-temperature environment, some banana preservation methods utilize chemical agents, some banana preservation methods utilize modified atmosphere and radiation for preservation, and the like, wherein the chemical agents are simple in preservative and preservation technology and low in cost.
At present, the chemical agents for antisepsis and preservation in the market are either more important for preservation or more important for antisepsis, so that the two are difficult to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least partial technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a banana preservative, and the prepared preservative can greatly improve the sterilization and bacteriostasis effects while preserving. Specifically, the present invention includes the following.
In a first aspect of the invention, a preparation method of a banana preservative is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) slowly adding titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution into the zeolite dispersion liquid according to the weight ratio of 1:10-30, stirring for reaction, and collecting to obtain zeolite precipitate;
(2) soaking a composition consisting of 40-55 parts by weight of bentonite, 15-20 parts by weight of opal and 25-40 parts by weight of zeolite precipitate in a potassium permanganate solution for 30-60 minutes, centrifuging and filtering to obtain a solid, mixing the solid with 5-15 parts by weight of calcium oxide, drying at 400-800 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and then mixing with 20-30 parts by weight of silicon micropowder.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, the concentration of the zeolite dispersion liquid in the step (1) is preferably 0.1-1.0% on the weight basis.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, the zeolite is preferably selected from at least one of natural mordenite, clinoptilolite and stilbite.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, preferably, the bentonite is sodium bentonite which is a layered crystal structure clay mineral composed of two layers of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and one layer of aluminum-oxygen octahedrons, and exchangeable alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions are contained between the layers.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, preferably, the content of montmorillonite in the bentonite is more than 80%, the sieve residue with the granularity of 200 meshes is less than or equal to 3%, and the water content is less than or equal to 5%.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, the silica powder is preferably a powder processed from at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of natural quartz powder, quartz stone and silica.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, SiO in the silicon micropowder is preferable2The content is more than 98 percent, the screen residue with the granularity of 325 meshes is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 0.25 percent.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, the silica micropowder is preferably silver-loaded silica micropowder.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, preferably, the amorphous SiO in the opal2The content is more than 80 percent, the screen residue with the granularity of 325 meshes is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 1.0 percent.
According to the preparation method of the banana preservative, the concentration of potassium permanganate in the solution is preferably 50-65 g/L.
In a second aspect of the invention, a banana preservative is provided, which is prepared by the method of the invention.
In a third aspect of the invention, a carton is provided, wherein the banana preservative in the second aspect is arranged or contained in the carton.
The preservative of the invention reduces C in the fruit preservation environment2H4、CO2Adverse factors such as the like prolong the fruit ripening process, and simultaneously, the sterilization effect of the inorganic carrier prevents the growth of bacteria and mould, further improves the preservation time and ensures that the preservation period of the bananas is close to 50 days.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that the upper and lower limits of the range, and each intervening value therebetween, is specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control. Unless otherwise indicated, "%" is percent by weight.
The banana preservative is particularly suitable for preservation in a packaging carton in the transportation process. The carton when stored creates a relatively closed environment for the fruit, where the rate of ripening and decay of the fruit is greatly accelerated by the adverse gas components produced by the fruit, particularly ethylene and the like. Therefore, the preservative needs to be arranged in the carton of the application.
In the present invention, the temperature is kept at 11 to 15 ℃ in general, preferably 11 to 13 ℃ during storage. Higher or lower temperatures are not conducive to long-term storage or transportation of the fruit. Temperature control can be performed using known means. Such as the manner in which ice cubes are provided.
The relative humidity during preservation of the present invention is controlled to be 58 to 95%, preferably 60 to 80%, more preferably 70 to 80%. The relative humidity can be controlled to a desired level by, for example, providing a water absorbent layer within the carton. In a preferred approach, the low temperature and relative humidity can be simultaneously controlled by providing a layer of ice within the carton.
In order to control the relative humidity, a relatively sealed space is preferably formed by the plastic layer, and the preservative disclosed by the invention can reduce gas components, particularly ethylene, carbon dioxide and the like, which are unfavorable for preservation in the sealed space.
The preservative of the invention takes the composition of 40-60 parts of bentonite, 20-30 parts of silicon micropowder, 10-20 parts of opal, 5-15 parts of zeolite and the like as carrier materials. Potassium permanganate is absorbed in the carrier material. Preferably, the potassium permanganate is absorbed in a composition consisting of bentonite, opal and zeolite. Potassium permanganate facilitates the absorption of undesirable gas components such as ethylene and carbon dioxide.
In the present invention, the inorganic mineral composed of bentonite, fine silica powder, opal, and zeolite itself has a bacteriostatic effect, and for enhancing the bactericidal ability, fine silica powder loaded with silver particles is preferably used. The invention finds that the bonding strength of the silica micropowder and the loaded silver particles is particularly suitable for releasing silver ions with specific concentration to the surrounding environment. The preservative can effectively sterilize under the specific concentration, and meanwhile, the release amount is not too large, so that the durability of the preservative is not influenced. Although the zeolite can also support silver particles, the bonding strength of the zeolite to the silver particles is relatively low, and although silver ions with a high concentration in the surroundings can be released, the releasable silver ions are consumed quickly because the release amount is too large, particularly in an environment with high humidity.
In the invention, the bentonite as the preservative carrier is taken as a main component, and the content of the bentonite is the largest in all inorganic components. Generally, the content of bentonite is 40 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 45 to 55 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 55 parts by weight. The larger the content of bentonite is, the more the viscosity tends to be high, which is disadvantageous for preservation. If the content of bentonite is smaller, the molding is not facilitated. Preferably, the bentonite is sodium bentonite, which is a clay mineral with a layered crystal structure consisting of two layers of silica tetrahedrons and one layer of aluminous octahedrons. More preferably, the layers of the layered crystals of bentonite contain exchangeable alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions. Also preferably, the bentonite according to the invention has a montmorillonite content of more than 80%, preferably more than 85%, more preferably more than 90%. The granularity of the bentonite is 200 meshes, the screen residue is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent.
In the present invention, the amount of the fine silica powder is generally 20 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 25 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 28 to 30 parts by weight. The fine silica powder of the present invention is preferably a powder processed from at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of natural powder quartz, quartzite and silica. SiO in silica micropowder2The content generally needs to be more than 98%. The silicon micropowder can disperse cohesive components such as bentonite in the material.
Preferably, the silica fume carries silica fume of a metal such as silver, copper or zinc. The silicon powder loaded with metal can greatly enhance the sterilization effect of the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping material. The invention increases the surface area of silver by loading the silver and other metals on the surface of the silicon micropowder, so that the release concentration of the silver reaches the bactericidal concentration, and the consumption of the silver is greatly reduced. The size of the particle size affects the rate of silver release. Preferably, the granularity of the silicon micropowder requires that the 325-mesh screen residue is less than or equal to 3 percent.
In an exemplary embodiment, the micro-silica powder is loaded with metal by the following method: soaking the silicon micropowder in 4-10% hydrofluoric acid water solution for 2-10 min, preferably 2-5 min, and then soaking in copper sulfate solution at 60-80 ℃ for 30-40 min; then placing the mixture in an oven at the temperature of 240-340 ℃ for 40-50 minutes; then heating the silicon micropowder in a solution containing silver ions, such as a tartaric acid solution of silver nitrate, to 60-80 ℃, adding citric acid, and standing for 50-80 minutes; then dipping the silicon micropowder in ethanol solution containing silver nitrate for 4-5h, and sequentially passing through N at 400-2And H2Airflow and reduction for 20-110 min to obtain the silicon powder bearing metal silver。
In the present invention, the amount of the opal is generally 10 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 12 to 18 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 16 parts by weight. Preferably, the opal of the present invention is a light shale processed powder composed of fine-grained opal, the main mineral component being amorphous silica and the main chemical component being SiO2Has developed nano-scale micropores, a mesoporous structure (average pore diameter of 5-15 nm), and a high specific surface area (50-120 m)2(g) large pore volume (0.1-0.2 cm)3And/g) has good moisture absorbing and releasing performance and toxic and harmful gas absorbing performance.
In the present invention, the content of the zeolite is generally 5 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 6 to 12 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight. Preferably, the zeolite is selected from at least one of natural mordenite, clinoptilolite and stilbite, and has a pore diameter of less than 2nm and contains exchangeable alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions in the pore channel. In the present invention it is generally necessary to first treat the zeolite to enhance the germicidal effect, particularly when exposed to light, such as ultraviolet radiation.
In the present invention, calcium oxide is used in an amount of generally 5 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 6 to 8 parts by weight. The dosage is beneficial to controlling the pH value of the preservative, so that the stability of silver is kept, and the continuous sterilization effect of the preservative is maintained. At the same time, the calcium oxide can absorb carbon dioxide in the surrounding environment.
In the invention, the zeolite has a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect after being treated. Preferably, the zeolite is obtained by slowly adding a titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution to a zeolite dispersion liquid, stirring the reaction solution, and then separating and drying the reaction solution. Specifically, the titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution is slowly added into the zeolite dispersion liquid, stirred for reaction, and then separated and dried to obtain the active zeolite. The titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution refers to TiCl4Slowly adding the solution into hydrochloric acid solution, and then decomposing titanium chloride. In general, when preparing a titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution, it is not desirable to add titanium chloride directly to hydrochloric acid, but rather titanium chloride is first slowly added to high concentration hydrochloric acid, for example 4-6mol/L hydrochloric acid, and then added to dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain a titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution. Chlorotitanium hydrochlorideThe concentration of titanium ions in the solution may be 0.5 to 1.0mol/L, preferably 0.6 to 0.9 mol/L. The concentration of the zeolite suspension in step (1) is generally from 0.1 to 1.0%, preferably from 0.2 to 0.5%, more preferably from 0.3 to 0.4% by weight. The amount of the titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution and the zeolite dispersion is not particularly limited, and generally, the amount of the titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution and the zeolite dispersion may be such that the feed ratio (on a weight basis) of the zeolite to the titanium chloride is 10 to 30: 1. After the precipitation is aged, it is dried. Then roasting the mixture in a high-temperature furnace at the heating temperature of 450 ℃ and 500 ℃ for 2 to 2.5 hours to obtain the zeolite precipitate.
In the preparation method of the present invention, most of the water can be removed by a simple centrifugation or filtration treatment when the zeolite precipitate is collected, and the zeolite precipitate can be used in the step (2). In step (2), the zeolite precipitate may be soaked with a potassium permanganate solution, preferably a saturated solution, along with bentonite and opal. Then the high temperature treatment of 400 ℃ and 800 ℃ is carried out. The high temperature treatment here is an essential step. It should be noted that the silver-loaded silica powder cannot be subjected to a high temperature treatment of 400-800 ℃ together with the zeolite precipitate, bentonite and opal.
Example 1
63.3g of potassium permanganate is weighed and dissolved in 1000ml of water to prepare a saturated solution.
Adding TiCl under stirring4Dropwise adding the solution into 6mol/L HCl to make the concentration of titanium ions be 0.82mol/L to obtain a titanium chloride solution, and slowly adding the solution into hydrochloric acid under stirring to fully hydrolyze the titanium chloride. After the addition, the stirring was continued for about 10 minutes.
Stilbite was dispersed in distilled water under stirring to give a suspension having a concentration of 0.4%.
Dropwise adding the prepared liquid into the zeolite dispersion liquid until the feeding ratio of zeolite to titanium chloride is 20: 1; and (3) aging the precipitate at normal temperature for a certain time, performing centrifugal separation, washing with distilled water, and drying for 3 hours to obtain the zeolite precipitate.
Soaking a composition consisting of 50 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 parts by weight of opal and 30 parts by weight of zeolite precipitate in a potassium permanganate saturated solution for 40 minutes, centrifuging and filtering to obtain a solid, mixing the solid with 10 parts by weight of calcium oxide, drying at 450 ℃ for 3 hours, and mixing with 25 parts by weight of silver-loaded silica micropowder to obtain the preservative 1.
Example 2
Banana preservative 2 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 25 parts by weight of the silver-loaded fine silica powder was replaced with 30 parts by weight of the fine silica powder.
Comparative example
1kg of zeolite is soaked in a saturated potassium permanganate solution for 60 minutes, taken out and dried in the shade. Then 1kg of calcium oxide is taken and crushed and is mixed with the zeolite dried in the shade to obtain the preservative for comparison.
The above-mentioned antistaling agent was sent to Fengni Testing company (Pony Testing International Group) for Testing. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Taking a plurality of bananas, grouping every 5 bananas into 4 groups, wherein one group is not treated by any antistaling agent, and the other three groups are respectively preserved by the different antistaling agents at 15 ℃, 85% relative humidity and shade. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Many modifications and variations may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. The scope of the claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
Claims (12)
1. The preparation method of the banana preservative is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) slowly adding titanium chloride hydrochloric acid solution into the zeolite dispersion liquid according to the weight ratio of 1:10-30, stirring for reaction, and collecting to obtain zeolite precipitate;
(2) soaking a composition consisting of 40-55 parts by weight of bentonite, 15-20 parts by weight of opal and 25-40 parts by weight of zeolite precipitate in a potassium permanganate solution for 30-60 minutes, centrifuging and filtering to obtain a solid, mixing the solid with 5-15 parts by weight of calcium oxide, drying at 400-800 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and then mixing with 20-30 parts by weight of silicon micropowder.
2. The method for preparing a banana antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the concentration of the zeolite dispersion liquid is 0.1-1.0% based on weight.
3. The method for preparing banana preservative according to claim 1, wherein the zeolite is at least one selected from natural mordenite, clinoptilolite and stilbite.
4. The method for preparing a banana antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein the bentonite is sodium bentonite, which is a layered crystal structure clay mineral composed of two layers of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and one layer of aluminum-oxygen octahedrons, and exchangeable alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions are contained between the layers.
5. The preparation method of the banana preservative according to claim 1, wherein the content of montmorillonite in the bentonite is more than 80%, the residue of the 200-mesh sieve with the particle size is less than or equal to 3%, and the content of water is less than or equal to 5%.
6. The method for preparing a banana antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein the silicon micropowder is a powder processed from at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of natural powder quartz, quartzite and silica.
7. The preparation method of the banana antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein SiO in the silicon micropowder2The content is more than 98 percent, the screen residue with the granularity of 325 meshes is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 0.25 percent.
8. The preparation method of the banana preservative according to claim 1, wherein the silica micropowder is silver-loaded silica micropowder.
9. The method for preparing banana antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous SiO in the opal2The content is more than 80 percent, the screen residue with the granularity of 325 meshes is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 1.0 percent.
10. The preparation method of the banana preservative according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of potassium permanganate in the solution is 50-65 g/L.
11. A banana preservative characterized by being prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
12. A carton, wherein the banana preservative according to claim 9 is disposed within or contained within the carton.
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