CN111799248A - Lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device - Google Patents
Lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111799248A CN111799248A CN202010607663.5A CN202010607663A CN111799248A CN 111799248 A CN111799248 A CN 111799248A CN 202010607663 A CN202010607663 A CN 202010607663A CN 111799248 A CN111799248 A CN 111799248A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/07—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L29/00
- H01L25/072—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L29/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
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- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/02—Containers; Seals
- H01L23/10—Containers; Seals characterised by the material or arrangement of seals between parts, e.g. between cap and base of the container or between leads and walls of the container
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
- H01L2224/73265—Layer and wire connectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L2224/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L2224/85—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a wire connector
- H01L2224/85909—Post-treatment of the connector or wire bonding area
- H01L2224/8592—Applying permanent coating, e.g. protective coating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device, wherein a mounting disc is provided with a mounting position, a sensor element is mounted on the mounting position, a buffer material is filled between the sensor element and the mounting disc, the surface of the buffer material is provided with a metalized part, and the bottom of the mounting disc is provided with a buffer layer. Through above-mentioned optimal design's lithium cell thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensing device, through a plurality of sensor integration with sensor element on the mounting disc, be convenient for realize being used for the standardized production of the sensing device of on-vehicle environment lithium cell for the sensor has high integration degree and high stability when being used for the lithium cell control in on-vehicle environment, can report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance to the early detection of lithium cell thermal runaway, satisfy the thermal runaway monitoring of equipment such as power lithium cell box and UPS stand-by power supply and report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy safety, in particular to a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device.
Background
With energy conservation and emission reduction, the reduction of energy dependence gradually becomes the development trend of the international automobile industry and the environmental protection industry, the new energy automobile is highly regarded by countries in the world as a low-carbon society for developing alternative energy and building sustainable development, and the government of China formally puts the new energy automobile into one of seven strategic industries. China has become the first automobile producing and consuming country in the world, and the quantity of cars kept in China is predicted to reach 2.5 hundred million cars by 2030. However, due to the defects of the production and manufacturing processes of the battery, and the abuse phenomenon of the lithium battery is serious, the accidents of combustion and explosion of the lithium battery occur, more than 50 accidents occur in 2019 in one year, the life and property safety of people are seriously threatened, and the severe social influence is caused. Under the background, the thermal runaway monitoring and warning device for the discrete power lithium ion battery boxes of different manufacturers emerges in the market, but the performance is uneven, and corresponding standards are lacked for judgment.
The existing lithium battery thermal runaway generally adopts temperature monitoring, usually, a thermal runaway event is early-warned by setting a temperature threshold, only the temperature threshold is taken as a basis for judging the thermal runaway, the accuracy of the thermal runaway event depends on the installation position and environment of a temperature sensor, reliable early warning on the thermal runaway is difficult to carry out quickly and accurately, and misjudgment or misjudgment is often caused by the influence of environmental factors when judgment is carried out only by utilizing a fixed threshold. For a power battery box consisting of hundreds of batteries in the existing electric automobile, the existing multi-sensor monitoring system has poor economy and applicability, can only warn the occurrence of thermal runaway aiming at specific types of batteries and specific laboratory environments, and can be influenced by environmental factors in practical application to misjudge or miss judge aiming at different application environments of vehicle-mounted lithium batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device.
The invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device, which comprises: mounting plates, sensor elements;
the sensor element is arranged on the mounting position, a buffer material is filled between the sensor element and the mounting disc, a metalized part is arranged on the surface of the buffer material, and a buffer layer is arranged at the bottom of the mounting disc.
Preferably, the mounting position is provided with a mounting groove, the sensor element is positioned in the mounting groove, and the buffer material is filled between the sensor element and the side wall of the mounting groove.
Preferably, a microcontroller chip is further included, which is mounted on the mounting site, the sensor element being integrated on the microcontroller chip.
Preferably, the device further comprises a sensor support, the sensor support is located on the mounting position, and the microcontroller chip is mounted on the sensor support.
Preferably, the sensor element comprises an air pressure sensor.
Preferably, the sensor element comprises one or more of a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor.
Preferably, the sensor elements comprise a gas pressure sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor;
in the first working mode, the carbon monoxide sensor, the air pressure sensor unit and the temperature sensor are in a sleep mode, when the VOC concentration detected by the VOC sensor changes suddenly and reaches a first preset alarm threshold value, a first-level alarm is sent out at the moment, and the first working mode is switched to the second working mode;
in a second working mode, the VOC sensor unit continues to work, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor work simultaneously, when the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor do not reach a second preset alarm threshold value, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor recover the sleep mode, the first working mode is switched back, if the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor reach the second preset alarm threshold value, a secondary alarm is sent out, and the third working mode is switched;
and in a third working mode, if the continuous change rate and the absolute value of the temperature of the environment in the battery box both exceed a third preset threshold, a three-level alarm is sent.
Preferably, still include the sensor housing, the mounting disc encapsulates inside the sensor housing, is equipped with the louvre on the sensor housing.
According to the lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device, the mounting disc is provided with the mounting position, the sensor element is mounted on the mounting position, the buffer material is filled between the sensor element and the mounting disc, the surface of the buffer material is provided with the metalized part, and the bottom of the mounting disc is provided with the buffer layer. Through above-mentioned optimal design's lithium cell thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensing device, through a plurality of sensor integration with sensor element on the mounting disc, be convenient for realize being used for the standardized production of the sensing device of on-vehicle environment lithium cell for the sensor has high integration degree and high stability when being used for the lithium cell control in on-vehicle environment, can report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance to the early detection of lithium cell thermal runaway, satisfy the thermal runaway monitoring of equipment such as power lithium cell box and UPS stand-by power supply and report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance the requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and warning sensing device provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a layout frame of sensors on a sensor support.
Fig. 3 is a view showing another arrangement frame structure of the sensor on the sensor support.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a package of a case of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a sensor unit of a thermal runaway monitoring and warning sensing device for a lithium battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another schematic block diagram of a sensor unit of the thermal runaway monitoring and warning sensing device for a lithium battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 6 show a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device according to the present invention, fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a frame for arranging a sensor on a sensor support, fig. 3 shows a structural diagram of another frame for arranging a sensor on a sensor support, fig. 4 shows a schematic housing encapsulation diagram of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device according to the present invention, fig. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a sensor unit of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device according to the present invention, and fig. 6 shows another schematic block diagram of a sensor unit of a lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a thermal runaway monitoring and warning sensing device for a lithium battery, which includes: a mounting plate 1, a sensor element 2;
the sensor element is characterized in that an installation position is arranged on the installation disc 1, the sensor element 2 is installed on the installation position, a buffer material 3 is filled between the sensor element 2 and the installation disc 1, a metalized part 4 is arranged on the surface of the buffer material 3, and a buffer layer 5 is arranged at the bottom of the installation disc 1.
According to the lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device, the sensor element is integrally installed through the installation disc, stable thermal runaway detection of the lithium battery in a vehicle running environment is guaranteed through the design of the buffer material and the buffer layer, and misjudgment or misjudgment caused by the fact that the sensor element is influenced by environmental factors is avoided; in actual work, the warning sensing device can be integrated on BMS in a power lithium battery box and a UPS power supply, or be independently manufactured into a collection circuit module to send warning information outwards in a serial port mode.
In this embodiment, the lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device is provided with an installation position on an installation disc, a sensor element is installed on the installation position, a buffer material is filled between the sensor element and the installation disc, a metalized part is arranged on the surface of the buffer material, and a buffer layer is arranged at the bottom of the installation disc. Through above-mentioned optimal design's lithium cell thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensing device, through a plurality of sensor integration with sensor element on the mounting disc, be convenient for realize being used for the standardized production of the sensing device of on-vehicle environment lithium cell for the sensor has high integration degree and high stability when being used for the lithium cell control in on-vehicle environment, can report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance to the early detection of lithium cell thermal runaway, satisfy the thermal runaway monitoring of equipment such as power lithium cell box and UPS stand-by power supply and report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance the requirement.
In the concrete implementation mode of mounting disc, be equipped with the mounting groove on the installation position, sensor element 2 is located in the mounting groove, buffer material 3 fill sensor element 2 with between the mounting groove lateral wall, buffer material fills around sensor element, further reduces the vehicle and goes the relative shake between sensor element and the mounting disc, improves sensor element job stabilization nature.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in a specific design manner of the sensor element, the present embodiment further includes a microcontroller chip 6, the microcontroller chip 6 is mounted on the mounting position, the sensor element 2 is integrated on the microcontroller chip 6, and the sensor element and the microcontroller chip together form a system on chip, so as to realize integration and control of a plurality of sensors.
In an actual design mode, the microcontroller chip can adopt an ultra-low power consumption design and has multiple working modes, and the microcontroller chip can work in the ultra-low power consumption mode through the low-power consumption control pin, the interrupt input pin and the corresponding register configuration. In addition, the sensor element CAN also have the function of burning a program on line, the thermal runaway monitoring and alarming program of the power lithium battery CAN be burnt into the on-chip memory unit on a production line before the sensor leaves a factory, and an updated program CAN also be burnt into the on-chip memory unit or relevant parameter configuration CAN be carried out after the sensor leaves the factory through a serial communication pin of the microcontroller chip, wherein the serial communication comprises I2C, SPI, RS-232 and CAN modes.
In a further design mode, the sensor element can also have a coding function, and in an application scene of the batch power lithium battery box, the function can realize quick automatic coding of a thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensor in the closed power lithium battery box, accurately position the position of the abnormal power lithium battery box, and reduce the complex work of searching for the corresponding codes of the power lithium battery box on a production line. In addition, a thermal runaway alarm algorithm and a sensor calibration algorithm of the power lithium battery can be further stored in the on-chip memory unit.
In the sensor selection of the sensor elements, the sensor element 2 comprises a gas pressure sensor, and after the safety valve of the lithium ion battery is opened at the initial stage of thermal runaway, various gases can be released, so that the delay effect of the complicated structural layout in the battery box on the gas flow is considered, and the delay can be compensated by adopting the gas pressure sensor. Once the safety valve of the lithium ion battery is opened, the released gas can rapidly transmit pressure information to each corner of the battery box through intermolecular force, so that the average air pressure in the battery box is instantly increased by about 10 kPa. Because the gas pressure sensor is faster than the response speed of the gas sensor, the warning speed of the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is improved, and the method is particularly important for ternary batteries which are easy to thermally runaway and severe thermally runaway and the like.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in other specific alternatives of sensor elements, the sensor element 2 may further comprise one or more of a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor.
The carbon monoxide sensor is used for detecting carbon monoxide released after the safety valve of the lithium ion battery box is opened, and conventionally, the background concentration of the carbon monoxide in the battery box is basically below 10ppm, and once the safety valve of the lithium ion battery is opened, the gas concentration of the carbon monoxide can be instantly increased to more than 1000 ppm. Meanwhile, the carbon monoxide sensor is also an important means for detecting electrical fire caused by electrical connection faults in the battery box. In the actual use process, the carbon monoxide sensor and the air pressure sensor can be compositely judged, so that the monitoring reliability and accuracy are improved.
In addition, because the lithium ion battery has more because the vibration impact that production technology and experience in on-vehicle application process, has the hidden danger of revealing of electrolyte, to this problem, the VOC sensor can detect the electrolyte gas concentration that volatilizees in the battery box, sets for the change slope of absolute threshold value settlement and concentration through the singlechip on the piece, can send the electrolyte to the outside and reveal and report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance.
The temperature sensor is used for detecting the ambient gas temperature in the battery box and is used for detecting the lithium ion battery in a complete thermal runaway state. The characteristic detection is used for eliminating the situation that the lithium ion battery stops continuing thermal runaway after a safety valve is opened to release a certain amount of gas. The state of thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery can be determined by the temperature sensor.
In a specific working mode of the detection early warning device of the embodiment, the sensor element 2 includes an air pressure sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor;
in the first working mode, the carbon monoxide sensor, the air pressure sensor unit and the temperature sensor are in a sleep mode, when the VOC concentration detected by the VOC sensor changes suddenly and reaches a first preset alarm threshold value, a first-level alarm is sent out at the moment, and the first working mode is switched to the second working mode;
in a second working mode, the VOC sensor unit continues to work, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor work simultaneously, when the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor do not reach a second preset alarm threshold value, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor recover the sleep mode, the first working mode is switched back, if the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor reach the second preset alarm threshold value, a secondary alarm is sent out, and the third working mode is switched;
and in a third working mode, if the continuous change rate and the absolute value of the temperature of the environment in the battery box both exceed a third preset threshold, a three-level alarm is sent.
In the structural mounting of the sensor element, this embodiment further comprises a sensor support 7, the sensor support 7 being located on the mounting location, the microcontroller chip 6 being mounted on the sensor support 7. The packaging mode of the sensor elements can adopt a single-row double-row mode or a peripheral arrangement mode.
Referring to fig. 4, in a specific packaging process, the mounting plate 1 is packaged inside the sensor housing 8, and the heat dissipation holes are formed in the sensor housing 8, so that the sensor unit can work at an optimal temperature point, and the performance abnormality of the sensor unit caused by poor heat dissipation or too fast heat conduction of the sensor is avoided.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a lithium cell thermal runaway monitoring alarm sensing device which characterized in that includes: a mounting plate (1), a sensor element (2);
be equipped with the installation position on mounting disc (1), sensor element (2) are installed on the installation position, it has buffer material (3) to fill between sensor element (2) and mounting disc (1), buffer material (3) surface is equipped with metallization (4), and mounting disc (1) bottom is equipped with buffer layer (5).
2. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a mounting groove is formed in the mounting position, the sensor element (2) is located in the mounting groove, and the buffer material (3) is filled between the sensor element (2) and the side wall of the mounting groove.
3. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a microcontroller chip (6), the microcontroller chip (6) being mounted on the mounting location, the sensor element (2) being integrated on the microcontroller chip (6).
4. The thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device for lithium batteries as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a sensor support (7), the sensor support (7) being located at the mounting location, the microcontroller chip (6) being mounted on the sensor support (7).
5. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device of claim 1, wherein the sensor element (2) comprises a gas pressure sensor.
6. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device of claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the sensor element (2) comprises one or more of a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor.
7. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the sensor elements (2) comprise a gas pressure sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a VOC sensor and a temperature sensor;
in the first working mode, the carbon monoxide sensor, the air pressure sensor unit and the temperature sensor are in a sleep mode, when the VOC concentration detected by the VOC sensor changes suddenly and reaches a first preset alarm threshold value, a first-level alarm is sent out at the moment, and the first working mode is switched to the second working mode;
in a second working mode, the VOC sensor unit continues to work, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor work simultaneously, when the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor do not reach a second preset alarm threshold value, the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor recover the sleep mode, the first working mode is switched back, if the detection values of the air pressure sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor reach the second preset alarm threshold value, a secondary alarm is sent out, and the third working mode is switched;
and in a third working mode, if the continuous change rate and the absolute value of the temperature of the environment in the battery box both exceed a third preset threshold, a three-level alarm is sent.
8. The lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarm sensing device of claim 1, further comprising a sensor housing (8), wherein the mounting plate (1) is packaged inside the sensor housing (8), and the sensor housing (8) is provided with heat dissipation holes.
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| CN202010607663.5A CN111799248B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device |
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| CN202010607663.5A CN111799248B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring and alarming sensing device |
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| CN112670604A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Energy storage battery protection method and application device |
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| CN116338499A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-06-27 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and computer storage medium for detecting battery |
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| CN111799248B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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