CN111799140A - Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube - Google Patents

Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111799140A
CN111799140A CN202010680612.5A CN202010680612A CN111799140A CN 111799140 A CN111799140 A CN 111799140A CN 202010680612 A CN202010680612 A CN 202010680612A CN 111799140 A CN111799140 A CN 111799140A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
waveguide
cavity
wave tube
backward wave
relativistic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010680612.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111799140B (en
Inventor
王荟达
肖仁珍
史彦超
桂猷猷
张广帅
陈昌华
黄文华
范如玉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Original Assignee
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology filed Critical Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Priority to CN202010680612.5A priority Critical patent/CN111799140B/en
Publication of CN111799140A publication Critical patent/CN111799140A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111799140B publication Critical patent/CN111799140B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/46—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the backward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/38—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the discharge

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

In order to improve the beam conversion efficiency of the relativistic backward wave tube, the invention provides the relativistic backward wave tube with enhanced feedback. The device comprises a backward wave tube body, an annular cathode, a resonant reflector, a slow wave structure, an extraction cavity, an output waveguide and a magnetic field coil; the waveguide cavity is positioned between the extraction cavity and the output waveguide; the waveguide cavity is used for reflecting part of output microwaves into the extraction cavity; the waveguide cavity is formed by two trapezoidal cavities; the inner radii of the waveguide cavities are r1、r2、r3And R12(ii) a Inner radius r1And r2For TM03Stopping the mold; inner radius r3And R12For TM01Mode conduction, TM02Stopping the mold; inner radius R of circular waveguide11For TM01Conduction of mode to TM02Stopping the mold; the axial length L of the circular waveguide is adjustable within at least half of the guided wave wavelength and satisfies lambdagL2 < L, where λgIs TM01Guided wave wavelength of the mode. The phase position of microwave feedback can be effectively adjusted by changing the axial length of the circular waveguide, the working field intensity in the extraction cavity can be enhanced when the feedback is enhanced, more sufficient electron beam deceleration is further realized, and the beam-wave conversion efficiency of the device is improved.

Description

Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to a feedback-enhanced relativistic backward wave tube.
Background
The relativistic backward wave tube is one of the most potential high power microwave (hereinafter referred to as HPM) devices at present, has the characteristics of high microwave power output and conversion efficiency, stability, reliability, suitability for repeated frequency pulse work and the like, and is the key point of research on HPM devices at home and abroad.
The invention discloses a rapid-adjusting relativistic backward wave tube in 2009 by xianren et al, and the basic configuration of the tube is shown in fig. 1 (r.z.xiao, c.h.chen, x.w.zhang, and j.sun, j.appl.phys.105,053306 (2009)). The device comprises a ring cathode 1, a resonant reflector 2, a slow wave structure 3, an extraction cavity 4, an output waveguide 5 and a magnetic field coil 6. The annular cathode 1 is positioned at the front end of the device and emits annular relativistic electron beams into the tube under the action of high-voltage pulses; the resonant reflector 2, the slow wave structure 3, the extraction cavity 4 and the output waveguide 5 are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the annular cathode 1; a field coil 6 is mounted on the periphery of the entire structure for generating a guidance field for confining the annular relativistic electron beam.
When the device works, the annular cathode 1 emits annular relativistic electron beams, and the annular relativistic electron beams pass through the resonant reflector 2 under the guidance of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field coil 6 to obtain certain premodulation. Then enters the non-uniform slow wave structure 3 to generate preliminary interaction with the electromagnetic wave, and the modulation is gradually deepened. Next, the electron beam enters the extraction cavity 4, the energy of the electron beam is sufficiently converted into microwave energy, and the acted electron beam is collected on the hollow circular waveguide 5. And part of generated microwaves are transmitted towards the annular cathode 1, reflected by the resonant reflector 2, pass through the slow wave structure 3 and the extraction cavity 4 again and are output by the output waveguide 5.
By using the prior art, under the guidance of a 0.32T magnetic field, the microwave power of 3.3GW can be generated under the conditions that the voltage of a diode is 880kV and the current is 13.9kA, the microwave frequency is 4.35GHz, and the beam conversion efficiency is 28%. Wang, r.z.xiao, c.h.chen, y.c.shi, and g.s.zhang.preliminary induction of interactive infected background magnetic field, physics.plasma 27,043101 (2020).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a relativistic backward wave tube with enhanced feedback so as to further improve the beam-wave conversion efficiency of the relativistic backward wave tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a relativistic backward wave tube with enhanced feedback comprises a backward wave tube body, an annular cathode, a resonant reflector, a slow wave structure, an extraction cavity, an output waveguide and a magnetic field coil;
the annular cathode is positioned on the front side of the tube body of the backward wave tube and emits annular relativistic electron beams into the tube body of the backward wave tube under the action of high-voltage pulses; the resonant reflector, the slow wave structure, the extraction cavity and the output waveguide are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the annular cathode; the magnetic field coil is arranged on the periphery of the annular cathode, the resonant reflector, the slow wave structure, the extraction cavity and the output waveguide and is used for generating a guide magnetic field for restraining the annular relativistic electron beam;
it is characterized in that:
the waveguide cavity is positioned between the extraction cavity and the output waveguide; the waveguide cavity is used for reflecting part of output microwaves into the extraction cavity;
the waveguide cavity is formed by two trapezoidal cavity structures; namely, the waveguide cavity is two trapezoids along the longitudinal section of the tube body of the backward wave tube;
the inner radii of the waveguide cavities are r respectively1、r2、r3And R12(ii) a Inner radius r1And r2For TM03Stopping the mold; inner radius r3And R12For TM01Mode conduction, TM02Stopping the mold;
inner radius R of the circular waveguide11For TM01Conduction of mode to TM02Stopping the mold; the axial length L of the circular waveguide is adjustable within at least half of the guided wave wavelength and meets the requirement of lambdagL2 < L, where λgIs TM01Guided wave wavelength of the mode.
Further, r1And r2Satisfies the condition r1,r2＜1.377c/f；r3And R12Satisfies the condition of 0.382c/f < r3,R12< 0.879 c/f; where c is the speed of light and f is the frequency.
Further, R11Satisfy 0.382c/f < R11< 0.879c/f, where c is the speed of light and f is the frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the relativistic backward wave tube with enhanced feedback has the following advantages:
1. the invention adds a waveguide cavity in the output waveguide, which is used for reflecting part of output microwaves into the extraction cavity, providing a certain microwave feedback for the extraction cavity and further adjusting the electric field distribution in the extraction cavity;
2. the invention can effectively adjust the phase of microwave feedback by changing the axial length of the circular waveguide between the waveguide cavity and the extraction cavity, can enhance the working field intensity in the extraction cavity when the feedback is enhanced, further realizes more sufficient electron beam deceleration and improves the beam-wave conversion efficiency of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional prior art fast-tuning relativistic backward wave structure;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-annular cathode, 2-resonant reflector, 3-slow wave structure, 4-extraction cavity, 5-output waveguide and 6-magnetic field coil.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-annular cathode, 2-resonant reflector, 3-slow wave structure, 4-extraction cavity, 5-waveguide cavity, 6-output waveguide, 7-magnetic field coil, 8-annular relativistic electron beam, and 9-circular waveguide.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide cavity configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the reflection characteristics of an embodiment of a waveguide cavity of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating the effect of the microwave feedback phase on the output power of a relativistic backward wave tube provided by an embodiment of the waveguide cavity of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention. The device comprises a ring cathode 1, a resonant reflector 2, a slow wave structure 3, an extraction cavity 4, a circular waveguide 9, a waveguide cavity 5, an output waveguide 6 and a magnetic field coil 7.
The annular cathode 1 is positioned on the front side of the tube body of the backward wave tube and emits annular relativistic electron beams 8 into the tube body under the action of high-voltage pulses; the resonant reflector 2, the slow wave structure 3, the extraction cavity 4, the circular waveguide 9, the waveguide cavity 5 and the output waveguide 6 are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the annular cathode; a field coil 7 is mounted on the periphery of the entire structure for generating a guidance field for confining the annular relativistic electron beam.
When the device works, the annular cathode 1 generates an annular relativistic electron beam, the electron beam is guided by a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field coil 7 and passes through the resonant reflector 2 to obtain proper premodulation, and the electron beam enters the non-uniform slow wave structure 3 and is matched with TM01TM with synchronous interaction of the dies and transmission in the direction of the annular cathode 101After being reflected by the resonant reflector 2, the mode microwaves reenter the resonant reflector 2, the non-uniform slow-wave structure 3 and the extraction cavity 4. Most of the generated microwaves are output from the output waveguide 6 through the circular waveguide 9 and the waveguide cavity 5, and another part of the generated microwaves are reflected by the waveguide cavity 5 and reenter the extraction cavity 4 to form standing waves, so that the electron beams are decelerated more fully.
Inner radius R of circular waveguide 9 between waveguide cavity 5 and extraction cavity 411For TM01Conduction of mode to TM02The radius of the die cut-off satisfies 0.382c/f < R11＜0.879c/f, wherein c is the speed of light and f is the frequency; the axial length L of the circular waveguide 9 is adjustable within at least half of the guided wave wavelength and satisfies lambdagL2 < L, where λgIs TM01Guided wave wavelength of the mode. The waveguide cavity 5 is composed of two trapezoidal cavities, namely the waveguide cavity is two trapezoids along the longitudinal section of the tube body of the backward wave tube; the inner radii of the double-trapezoid waveguide cavities are r respectively1、r2、r3And R12Inner radius of1And r2For TM03The mold is cut off and satisfies the condition r1,r2< 1.377 c/f; inner radius R12And r3For TM01Mode conduction, TM02The mold is cut off, and the condition of 0.382c/f < r is satisfied3,R12＜0.879c/f。
In a specific embodiment, the working frequency of the relativistic backward wave tube is 4.35GHz, the waveguide cavity is composed of two trapezoidal cavity structures, and the main structural parameters are as follows: r11＝48mm，L＝65mm，R12＝53.5mm，r1＝59.5mm，r2＝51.5mm，r3＝60mm，d1＝8.7mm，d2＝4mm，d3＝7.5mm，d4＝5mm，d5＝8mm，d63 mm. FIG. 4 shows the S of the waveguide cavity11The curve, for a microwave frequency of 4.35GHz, can reflect for a microwave power ratio of about 4.7%.
When an external magnetic field is 0.32T, the voltage of a diode is 880kV, and the current is 13.7kA, the microwave power is generated to be 4.3GW, the frequency is 4.35GHz, the beam conversion efficiency is 35%, and the output mode is TM01And (5) molding. Compared with the prior art that the beam conversion efficiency is 28% under the magnetic field of 0.32T, the conversion efficiency is greatly improved under the low magnetic field. The phase of the microwave feedback can be changed by adjusting the axial length L of the circular waveguide, and fig. 5 shows the relationship that the output power of the relativistic backward wave tube changes with the feedback phase. In this embodiment, the period of the feedback phase of the waveguide cavity and the output power of the backward wave tube along with the axial length L is 42mm, and the output power reaches the peak value when L is 23mm and L is 65mm respectively.

Claims (3)

1. A relativistic backward wave tube with enhanced feedback comprises a backward wave tube body, an annular cathode (1), a resonant reflector (2), a slow wave structure (3), an extraction cavity (4), an output waveguide (6) and a magnetic field coil (7);
the annular cathode (1) is positioned on the front side of the tube body of the backward wave tube and emits annular relativistic electron beams (8) into the tube body of the backward wave tube under the action of high-voltage pulses; the resonant reflector (2), the slow wave structure (3), the extraction cavity (4) and the output waveguide (6) are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the annular cathode (1); the magnetic field coil (7) is arranged on the periphery of the annular cathode (1), the resonant reflector (2), the slow wave structure (3), the extraction cavity (4) and the output waveguide (6) and is used for generating a guiding magnetic field for restraining the annular relativistic electron beam;
the method is characterized in that:
the device also comprises a circular waveguide (9) and a waveguide cavity (5) which are sequentially positioned between the extraction cavity (4) and the output waveguide (6); the waveguide cavity (5) is used for reflecting part of output microwaves into the extraction cavity (4);
the waveguide cavity (5) is formed by two trapezoidal cavities;
the inner radiuses of the waveguide cavities (5) are r from front to back in sequence1、r3、r2And R12(ii) a Inner radius r1And r2For TM03Stopping the mold; inner radius r3And R12For TM01Mode conduction, TM02Stopping the mold;
the inner radius R of the circular waveguide (9)11For TM01Conduction of mode to TM02Stopping the mold; the axial length L of the circular waveguide (9) is adjustable within at least half of the guided wave wavelength and meets the requirement of lambdagL2 < L, where λgIs TM01Guided wave wavelength of the mode.
2. A feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube as in claim 1, wherein: r is1And r2The conditions are satisfied: r is1，r2＜1.377c/f；r3And R12The conditions are satisfied: 0.382c/f < r3，R12< 0.879c/f, where c is the speed of light and f is the frequency.
3. According to the claims2, the feedback-enhanced relativistic backward wave tube is characterized in that: r11The conditions are satisfied: 0.382c/f < R11< 0.879c/f, where c is the speed of light and f is the frequency.
CN202010680612.5A 2020-07-15 2020-07-15 Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube Active CN111799140B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010680612.5A CN111799140B (en) 2020-07-15 2020-07-15 Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010680612.5A CN111799140B (en) 2020-07-15 2020-07-15 Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111799140A true CN111799140A (en) 2020-10-20
CN111799140B CN111799140B (en) 2022-09-23

Family

ID=72807152

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010680612.5A Active CN111799140B (en) 2020-07-15 2020-07-15 Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111799140B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113628946A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-11-09 西北核技术研究所 Radial-structure dual-electron-beam relativistic backward wave tube
CN113742986A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-03 西北核技术研究所 Relativistic backward wave tube automatic design and manufacturing method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB832531A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-04-13 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Travelling wave oscillation generator
CN104362060A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-02-18 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 Dielectric filled compact type relativistic backward wave oscillator
CN104465275A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-25 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 Frequency-agility relativistic backward wave oscillator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB832531A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-04-13 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Travelling wave oscillation generator
CN104362060A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-02-18 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 Dielectric filled compact type relativistic backward wave oscillator
CN104465275A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-25 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 Frequency-agility relativistic backward wave oscillator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王东阳等: ""Ka波段TM02模式低磁场相对论返波管初步试验研究"", 《强激光与粒子束》, 31 July 2018 (2018-07-31), pages 073003 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113628946A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-11-09 西北核技术研究所 Radial-structure dual-electron-beam relativistic backward wave tube
CN113628946B (en) * 2021-07-22 2023-06-20 西北核技术研究所 Radial structure double electron beam relativistic backward wave tube
CN113742986A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-03 西北核技术研究所 Relativistic backward wave tube automatic design and manufacturing method
CN113742986B (en) * 2021-09-03 2023-10-24 西北核技术研究所 Automatic design and manufacture method for relativistic return tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111799140B (en) 2022-09-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105280462B (en) Relativistic backward wave oscillator for generating linearly polarized TE11 mode directly
CN111799140B (en) Feedback enhanced relativistic backward wave tube
CN106449337B (en) A kind of long pulse Relativistic backward-wave oscillator
CN111799141B (en) Beam bunching enhanced low-magnetic-field relativistic backward wave tube
CN109243943B (en) Fast-adjusting relativistic backward wave tube working in local inhomogeneous magnetic field
CN111584330B (en) Cerenkov microwave generator with frequency converted in C, X wave band
Fix et al. The problems of increase in power, efficiency and frequency of gyrotrons for plasma investigations
CN108807115A (en) A kind of end total reflection high-power pulsed ion beams
CN111048375B (en) High-efficiency low-magnetic-field dual-mode working relativity backward wave tube
CN108615665B (en) A kind of Relativistic backward-wave oscillator using magnet tail field
CN115954249A (en) Coaxial relativistic backward wave tube based on super-radiation mechanism
Yan et al. A new reflector designed for efficiency enhancement of CRBWO
CN108831815A (en) A kind of coaxial high-power pulsed ion beams of periodic dielectric filling
CN110718427B (en) Coaxial high-power microwave device
Kitsanov et al. Pulsed 5-GW resonance relativistic BWT for a decimeter wavelength range
CN108807111B (en) Non-magnetic field electron beam self-excitation radiation high-power microwave device
Bratman et al. Cyclotron autoresonance maser with high Doppler frequency up-conversion
CN109616394B (en) S-band low-guiding magnetic field compact high-power microwave device
Ginzburg et al. Production of ultra-short high-power microwave pulses in Čerenkov backward-wave systems
Yang et al. GW-Level Ku-Band Compact Coaxial TTO With Permanent Magnet Packaging Potential
CN114005716B (en) Radial three-cavity transit time oscillator with double output ports and microwave generation method
CN115642378B (en) Coaxial Cerenkov type high-power microwave oscillator for collecting electrons based on outer waveguide wall
Liu et al. Research of 140 GHz, TE 22.6 mode gyrotron for EAST
CN110718424B (en) High-efficiency high-power microwave device
Gantenbein et al. Recent trends in fusion gyrotron development at KIT

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant