CN111796168A - Insulation testing device and method thereof - Google Patents

Insulation testing device and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111796168A
CN111796168A CN202010258412.0A CN202010258412A CN111796168A CN 111796168 A CN111796168 A CN 111796168A CN 202010258412 A CN202010258412 A CN 202010258412A CN 111796168 A CN111796168 A CN 111796168A
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China
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wire
terminal
phase
insulation
core
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Chinese (zh)
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小坂祐章
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1263Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
    • G01R31/1272Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements

Abstract

Provided are an insulation test apparatus and an insulation test method. The insulation test device includes: a power supply unit having a first terminal and a second terminal; a switching unit that switches between an electrically connected and disconnected state between the wire and the core of each phase and the first and second terminals; a discharge measurement unit that measures an amount of discharge generated between first and second members electrically connected to the first and second terminals, respectively; an insulation determination unit that determines whether or not a coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the amount of discharge; and a control unit which controls the switching unit so that the wire and the core are all electrically connected to the first terminal or the second terminal, while controlling the switching unit so as to avoid insulation of the wire and the core from both the first terminal and the second terminal.

Description

Insulation testing device and method thereof
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to an insulation test apparatus and method thereof for testing an insulation state of a wire coating layer forming a coil of a rotating electrical machine.
Background
Conventionally, there is known a rotating electrical machine for a motor generator mounted on an electric vehicle. The manufacturing process of each rotary electric machine includes a manufacturing step of testing the insulation state of the wire coating forming the coil inserted in the slot.
As an example of such an insulation test device, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2005-257549 discloses an insulation test device that performs an insulation test between U, V, W phases before wires of the respective phases inserted into slots of a stator core are connected to each other at a neutral point. The insulation test between phases (i.e., interphase insulation test) refers to an insulation test between a wire of a predetermined phase and a wire of another phase. Specifically, for example, for an insulation test between a U-phase wire and a V-phase wire, the U-phase wire is connected to one probe of an insulation test device, the V-phase wire is connected to the other probe of the insulation test device, and then the insulation test device applies an alternating voltage to the U-phase wire and the V-phase wire, thereby causing a partial discharge to measure the amount of electric charge of the discharge.
However, according to the insulation test apparatus of the above-described patent document, when the inter-phase insulation test is performed, a portion in which the insulation test is being performed (hereinafter, simply referred to as a measurement portion) and a portion in which the insulation test is not being performed (hereinafter, simply referred to as a non-measurement portion) are generated. Therefore, in the case where a floating potential exists in the non-measurement portion, a discharge is induced from the non-measurement portion to the measurement portion, so that the possibility of occurrence of the discharge increases. For example, when an insulation test is performed between a U-phase wire and a V-phase wire, no probe is connected to the W-phase wire and the stator core. Therefore, in this case, erroneous detection may occur in which the wire satisfying the predetermined quality regulation is judged as a wire not satisfying the quality regulation. Thus, the accuracy of the insulation test may be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances and provides an insulation test apparatus and a method thereof capable of improving test accuracy.
As a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an insulation test device that tests the insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotary electric machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected. The insulation test device comprises a power supply unit (3), a switching unit (4), a discharge measurement unit (5), an insulation judgment unit (6) and a control unit (7).
The power supply unit comprises a first terminal (31) and a second terminal (32). The switching means switches between an electrically connected state and an electrically disconnected state between the first and second terminals and the wire rods and the core of U, V, W for each phase. The discharge measuring unit measures an amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases, and the second member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases. The insulation determination unit determines whether or not the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit. The control unit controls the switching unit so that the wire and the core of U, V, W phases are all electrically connected to the first terminal or the second terminal, while controlling the switching unit to avoid insulation of the wire and the core of U, V, W phases from both the first terminal and the second terminal.
Therefore, the wire material of U, V, W phases and the stator core 2 are all electrically connected to the first terminal or the second terminal, whereby floating potential can be avoided. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the discharge from being conducted from the non-measurement portion where the insulation test is not performed to the measurement portion where the insulation test is performed. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus prevents the occurrence of the over-detection of the wire rod that satisfies the predetermined quality regulation being erroneously determined as not satisfying the predetermined quality regulation. As a result, the accuracy of the insulation test is improved. Note that the discharge amount refers to the number of discharges measured in a predetermined period of time based on the discharge amount detected by the discharge measurement unit. The wire inserted into the slots of the armature (i.e., the stator core or the rotor core) is called a segment coil.
Insulation tests are sometimes performed under conditions where ambient humidity or hygroscopicity (hereinafter simply referred to as humidity) is high. In this case, a continuous discharge tends to occur, in which a discharge continuously occurs between the U, V, W-phase wire rod and the member in the core electrically connected to the first terminal and the U, V, W-phase wire rod and the member in the core electrically connected to the second terminal. This occurs because ionization is likely to occur in gas atoms due to a large amount of moisture contained in air or a coating layer, thereby allowing electron avalanches to occur continuously. Therefore, as a countermeasure in the insulation test, the partial discharge initiation voltage (i.e., PDIV) is controlled to decrease at a constant rate with respect to the humidity increase rate. However, even if this countermeasure is used, if the humidity exceeds a predetermined value and causes frequent overdetection to reduce the accuracy of the insulation test, continuous discharge may occur.
In view of this, as a sixth aspect, the present disclosure provides an insulation test device that tests the insulation state of each coating layer in a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotary electric machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected. The insulation test device comprises a power supply unit (3), a switching unit (4), a discharge measurement unit (5), an insulation judgment unit (6) and a humidity detection unit (12).
The power supply unit comprises a first terminal (31) and a second terminal (32). The switching means switches between an electrically connected state and an electrically disconnected state between the wire material and the core portion of each phase U, V, W and the first and second terminals. The discharge measuring unit measures an amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases, and the second member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases. The insulation determination unit determines whether or not the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit. The humidity detection unit detects the ambient humidity around the wire rod and the core portion of U, V, W phases, or detects the moisture absorption property of the coating layer of the wire rod. Further, the insulation test device is configured to set a determination period from a time when the power supply unit starts applying the voltage to the wire rod to a time when the insulation determination unit determines whether the insulation state of the wire rod is acceptable or not, such that the determination period in which the environmental humidity or the moisture absorption is higher than the predetermined value is set to be longer than the determination period in which the environmental humidity or the moisture absorption is lower than the predetermined value.
Therefore, in the case where the humidity is higher than the predetermined value, the determination period is set longer, whereby the number of discharges measured by the discharge measurement unit converges with time. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof can avoid over-detection and improve the accuracy of the insulation test without being affected by humidity. On the other hand, in the case where the humidity is lower than the predetermined value, the judgment time period is set shorter, so that the time required for the insulation test can be shortened.
A seventh aspect of the present disclosure is an insulation test method for testing an insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotary electric machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected. The method produces U, V, W a state in which all of the wire rods and cores of the respective phases are electrically connected to the first terminal (31) or the second terminal (32) of the power supply unit (3), and also produces U, V, W a state in which none of the elements constituting the wire rods and cores of the respective phases is insulated from the first terminal and the second terminal. Then, the method applies a voltage from the power supply unit to U, V, W the wire and the core of each phase, and measures an amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from U, V, W the wire and the core of each phase, and the second member being selected from U, V, W the wire and the core of each phase.
According to the insulation test method, similar to the first aspect, a floating potential is avoided, thereby preventing occurrence of overdetection and improving the accuracy of insulation test.
An eighth aspect of the present disclosure is an insulation test method for testing an insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of an armature of a rotary electric machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected.
The method creates U, V, W a state in which the wire and the core of each phase are electrically connected to the first terminal (31) or the second terminal (32) of the power supply unit (3); u, V, W measuring the ambient humidity around the wire and core or the moisture absorption of the coating of the wire; a determination time period from a time when the power supply unit starts to apply the voltage to the wire to a time when the insulation determination unit determines whether the insulation state of the wire is acceptable or not is set such that the determination time period in which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is higher than a predetermined value is set to be longer than the determination time period in which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is lower than the predetermined value.
Then, the method measures the amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases, and the second member being selected from the wire and the core of U, V, W phases.
According to the insulation test method, similarly to the sixth aspect, the occurrence of the over-test is prevented and the accuracy of the insulation test is improved without being affected by humidity. On the other hand, in the case where the humidity is lower than the predetermined value, the judgment time period is set shorter, so that the time required for the insulation test can be shortened.
Note that reference numerals applied to the respective elements denote examples of correspondence relationships between the respective elements and specific elements described in embodiments to be described later.
Drawings
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an overall diagram showing a circuit configuration of an insulation testing device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a portion of a plurality of wires inserted into slots of a stator core;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the wire rods of the phases of the rotary electric machine are connected in series;
fig. 4 is a table comparing an insulation test method according to a first comparative example and an insulation test method according to the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is a table comparing an insulation test method according to the first comparative example and an insulation test method according to the second embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which wire rods of respective phases of a rotary electric machine as an insulation test object of the third embodiment are connected in parallel;
fig. 7 is a table comparing an insulation test method according to a second comparative example and an insulation test method according to a third embodiment;
fig. 8 is an overall diagram showing a circuit configuration of an insulation testing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a graph showing the experimental result of the change in the number of discharges due to the influence of humidity.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following embodiments, elements having the same or substantially the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted or as necessary.
(first embodiment)
The first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the insulation test device 1 according to the first embodiment is configured to test the insulation state of each coating of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot 21 included in a stator core 2 of an unillustrated rotary electric machine. Note that the rotating electric machine is used in, for example, a motor generator mounted on an electric vehicle.
As shown in fig. 1, the insulation testing apparatus 1 is provided with a power supply unit 3, a switching unit 4, a discharge measuring unit 5, an insulation judging unit 6, and a control unit 7. The power supply unit 3 includes an alternating current power supply. The power supply unit 3 includes a first terminal 31 and a second terminal 32. The first terminal 31 is connected to the switching unit 4 via the wiring 8 on one side, and the second terminal 32 is connected to the switching unit 4 via the wiring 9 on the other side.
The switching means 4 is electrically connected to the wire rods of U, V, W each phase and the stator core 2. As shown in fig. 2, the wires of U, V, W phases are inserted into the slots 21 included in the stator core 2. Fig. 2 schematically shows a part of the stator core 2 and a part of a plurality of wires constituting the U, V, W-phase wiring. Note that the wire is also called a segment coil.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the U-phase wire, the V-phase wire, and the W-phase wire are connected in series, respectively. Further, the wires of the U, V, W phase were in a state before the respective wires were connected to the neutral point.
As shown in fig. 1, the switching means 4 can switch between an electrically connected state and an electrically disconnected state between one of the wires 8 connected to the first terminals 31 and the other wire 9 connected to the second terminals 32 with respect to the stator core 2 and the wire rods of U, V, W phases.
The choke coil 10 is provided in the wiring 8 connecting the first terminal 31 and the switching unit 4. The choke coil 3 prevents a discharge pulse signal (higher harmonic) caused by a partial discharge generated in the wire or the stator core 2 from flowing backward to the power supply unit 3. Further, a coupling capacitor 11 is provided in a wiring 13 connected in parallel with the power supply unit 3 and the switching unit 4, and a discharge pulse signal generated in the wire or the stator core 2 flows into the coupling capacitor 11.
The discharge measuring unit 5 is arranged in series with the coupling capacitor 11. The discharge measurement unit 5 is configured to measure the amount of discharge generated between the member electrically connected to the first terminal 31 via the switching unit 4 and the member electrically connected to the second terminal 32 via the switching unit 4 in the wire material of U, V, W phases and the stator core 2. Specifically, the discharge measurement unit 5 detects a small amount of current flowing through the coupling capacitor 11 at the time of partial discharge, and calculates the discharge amount of electric charge based on the amount of the small current. Then, the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the detected number of discharges as the discharge amount based on the discharge amount for a predetermined period of time.
According to the present embodiment, the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the discharge amount based on the following two parameters. Specifically, the discharge measurement unit 5 is configured to detect the occurrence of discharge when the amount of discharge of electric charge is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount and the frequency of movement of electric charge due to application of an alternating voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined frequency. Then, the discharge measurement unit 5 determines the number of discharges measured in a predetermined period of time as the discharge amount.
The insulation determination unit 6 determines whether or not the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit 5. Specifically, when the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit 5 is less than a predetermined threshold value after a certain time has elapsed from the time of discharge start, the insulation determination unit 6 determines that the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation. On the other hand, when the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit 5 is larger than the predetermined threshold value after a certain period of time has elapsed from the time of discharge start, the insulation determination unit 6 determines that the coating layer of the wire rod does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation.
The information of the insulation judging unit 6 related to the judgment result is transmitted to the control unit 7. The control unit controls the respective portions of the insulation testing apparatus 1. Specifically, the control unit 7 controls the output voltage of the power supply unit 3. Further, the control unit 7 can control the operation of the switching unit 4.
According to the present embodiment, the control unit 7 controls the operation of the switching unit 4 so that all the wires of U, V, W for each phase and the stator core 2 are electrically connected to the first terminals 31 or the second terminals 32. Further, the control unit 7 controls the operation of the switching unit 4 so as to avoid insulation of the U, V, W wire rods of the respective phases and the stator core 2 from both the first terminals 31 and the second terminals 32.
Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 electrically connects all the wires of U, V, W phases and the stator core 2 with the first terminal 31 or the second terminal 32, whereby floating potential can be avoided. Therefore, discharge is prevented from being conducted from the non-measurement portion where the insulation test is not conducted to the measurement portion where the insulation test is conducted. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 prevents the occurrence of the over-detection of the wire rod that satisfies the predetermined quality regulation being erroneously determined as not satisfying the predetermined quality regulation. As a result, the accuracy of the insulation test is improved.
Further, the insulation test apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment can simultaneously test a plurality of portions of the phase-to-phase insulation and the insulation with respect to the ground. Therefore, the number of tests becomes smaller compared to the ordinary insulation test method. Thus, the time required for the insulation test can be shortened.
Hereinafter, a comparison of the insulation test method according to the first comparative example and the insulation test method using the insulation test apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4. Note that the first comparative example illustrates a conventional wire insulation test in which the wires are connected in series in U, V, W phases. The insulation test sequence shown in the table of fig. 4 may be arbitrarily changed. The same applies to fig. 5 and 7 shown in the second and third embodiments.
First, an insulation test method according to a first comparative example will be described.
According to the first comparative example, the phase-to-phase insulation test was performed in the first test to the third test, and the insulation test with respect to the ground was performed in the fourth test. Specifically, insulation tests of U-phase wires and V-phase wires were performed in the first test. In the first insulation test, the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 is electrically connected to the wire of the U-phase, and the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 is electrically connected to the wire of the V-phase by the operation of the switching unit. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U-phase wire and the V-phase wire, and the amount of discharge generated between the U-phase wire and the V-phase wire is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
Note that, in the first insulation test, the W-phase wire and the stator core 2 were non-measurement portions. Therefore, in the case where a floating potential exists in the non-measurement portion, a discharge will be induced from the non-measurement portion to the measurement portion, thereby increasing the occurrence of the discharge. Therefore, according to the configuration of the first comparative example, erroneous detection of a wire rod that satisfies a predetermined quality regulation being judged as not satisfying the quality regulation may occur. Thus, the accuracy of the insulation test may be reduced.
Subsequently, in the second test, the wire of the V phase and the wire of the W phase were subjected to an insulation test. Note that since the second test and the third test are different from the first test only in the test phase, a description thereof will be omitted.
In the fourth test, an insulation test was performed between each wire of the U, V, W phases and the stator core 2. In the fourth insulation test, the switching unit 4 electrically connects the wires of the phases of the first terminals 31 and U, V, W of the power supply unit 31, and electrically connects the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the stator core 2. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the wire rod of U, V, W each phase and the stator core 2, and the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the amount of discharge generated between the wire rod of U, V, W each phase and the stator core 2.
According to the first comparative example, in the case where it is determined during the first insulation test to the fourth insulation test that the coating of any one of the U, V, W-phase wire rods does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation, a product in which the wire rod coating does not satisfy the quality regulation is regarded as a waste product.
Next, a method of insulation test according to the first embodiment will be described. According to the first embodiment, the insulation test between phases (i.e., the inter-phase insulation test) and the insulation test with respect to the ground (i.e., the ground insulation test) are simultaneously performed in the first test and the second test, and the insulation test with respect to the ground is performed in the third test. Specifically, in the first test, an insulation test was performed between the U-phase wire and the V, W-phase wire, the stator core 2. In the first insulation test, the switching unit 4 electrically connects the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 with the U-phase wire material, and electrically connects the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 with the V, W-phase wire material and the stator core 2. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U-phase wire and the V, W-phase wire, the stator core 2, and the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the amount of discharge generated between the U-phase wire and the V, W-phase wire, the stator core 2.
Next, in the second test, an insulation test was performed between the V-phase wire material and the W, U-phase wire material, the stator core 2. In the second insulation test, the switching unit 4 electrically connects the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 with the V-phase wire material, and electrically connects the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 with W, U-phase wire material and the stator core 2. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the V-phase wire and the W, U-phase wire, the stator core 2, and the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the amount of discharge generated between the V-phase wire and the W, U-phase wire, the stator core 2.
Finally, in the third test, the wire rods of U, V, W phases and the stator core 2 were subjected to an insulation test. In the third insulation test, the first terminals 31 and U, V, W of the power supply unit 3 were electrically connected to the phase wires, and the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 was electrically connected to the stator core 2 by the operation of the switching unit 4. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U, V, W-phase wire and the stator core 2, and the discharge measurement unit 5 measures the amount of discharge generated between the U, V, W-phase wire and the stator core 2.
According to the first embodiment, in the case where it is determined during the first insulation test to the third insulation test that at least one coating layer in the wire rod of U, V, W phases does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation, the product of the wire rod coating layer that does not satisfy the quality regulation is regarded as a waste product.
Therefore, since the number of tests of the insulation test method according to the first embodiment is smaller than that of the first comparative example, the time required for the insulation test can be shortened. As a result, the number of insulation testing devices, i.e., capital investment, can be reduced.
Note that the connection state of the wirings in the first test and the second test according to the first embodiment as described above is referred to as a first series connection measurement state. In other words, the first series connection measurement state refers to a state in which the wire rod of any one of the U, V, W phases is electrically connected to the first terminal 31, and the wire rods of the other two phases are electrically connected to the stator core 2, the second terminal 32.
Further, the wiring connection in the third test according to the first embodiment is referred to as a second series connection measurement state. In other words, the second series connection measurement state refers to a state in which all the wires of the U, V, W phases are electrically connected to the first terminals 31, and the stator core 2 and the second terminals 32 are electrically connected. Neither of the first series connection measurement state nor the second series connection measurement state produces a non-measurement portion.
The insulation testing apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the first embodiment as described above have the following effects and advantages.
(1) According to the first embodiment, during the insulation test, the control unit 7 controls the switching unit 4 so that the wire material of U, V, W each phase and the stator core 2 are not insulated with respect to the first terminals 31 and the second terminals 32. At this time, the control unit 7 controls the switching unit 4 so that the wire rods of U, V, W for each phase and the stator core 2 are all electrically connected to the first terminals 31 or the second terminals 32. Therefore, when the insulation test is performed, the non-measurement portion can be eliminated. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, unlike the first comparative example, the discharge is not induced from the non-measurement portion to the measurement portion. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the first embodiment can prevent the occurrence of the over-detection and improve the accuracy of the insulation test.
(2) According to the first embodiment, during the insulation test, the control unit 7 controls the switching unit 4 to generate the first series connection measurement state and the second series connection measurement state. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the first embodiment can reduce the number of tests as compared with the conventional test method described as a comparative example. Thus, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the first embodiment avoid having a floating potential, thereby improving the accuracy of the insulation test and shortening the time required for the insulation test.
(second embodiment)
The second embodiment will be described below. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the test method of the insulation test apparatus 1 is slightly modified as compared with the test method of the first embodiment. Since the other parts of the method are the same as those in the first embodiment, only different parts will be described. Note that according to the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the wires in the U, V, W phases are connected in series.
A method of performing an insulation test using the insulation test apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment is shown in the table of fig. 5. Note that since the insulation test method of the first comparative example described in the table of fig. 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
According to the second embodiment, the phase-to-phase insulation test and the ground insulation test are simultaneously performed in the first test and the second test. Specifically, at the time of the first test, the U, V, W-phase wire and the stator core 2 were subjected to an insulation test. In the first insulation test, by the operation of the switching unit 4, the electrical connection between the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the wire rod of the V, W phase was made, and the electrical connection between the second terminal of the power supply unit 3 and the wire rod of the U phase and the stator core 2 was made. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the wire rod of V, W phase and the wire rod of U phase and the stator core 2, and the amount of discharge generated between the wire rod of V, W phase and the wire rod of U phase and the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
Next, in the second test, insulation tests between the W, U-phase wire material and the V-phase wire material and the stator core 2 were performed. In the second test, by the operation of the switching unit 4, the electrical connection between the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the wire rod of W, U phase was made, and the electrical connection between the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the wire rod of V phase and the stator core 2 was made. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the W, U-phase wire rod and the V-phase wire rod and the stator core 2, and the amount of discharge generated between the W, U-phase wire rod and the V-phase wire rod and the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
According to the second embodiment, in the first insulation test and the second insulation test, in the case where it is judged that at least one coating layer in the wire rod of U, V, W phase does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation, a product having a wire rod coating layer that does not satisfy the quality regulation is regarded as a waste product.
As described above, according to the second embodiment, the wires of any two phases in the U, V, W phase are electrically connected to the first terminals 31, and the wires of the other phase and the stator core 2 are electrically connected to the second terminals 32. Therefore, the U, V, W-phase wire and the stator core 2 are all electrically connected to the first terminal 31 or the second terminal 32, and floating potential can be avoided. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the second embodiment can prevent the occurrence of the over-detection and improve the accuracy of the insulation test.
Further, since the number of tests of the insulation test method according to the second embodiment is smaller than that of the first comparative example, the time required for the insulation test can be shortened. Further, the number of tests in the insulation test method according to the second embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment.
(third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the test method of the insulation test apparatus 1 is slightly modified as compared with the test method of the first embodiment. Since the other parts of the method are the same as those in the first embodiment, only different parts will be described.
As shown in fig. 6, according to the third embodiment, in each of the U, V, W phases, the wires are connected in parallel. In the following description, one of the wires of the U-phase connected in parallel is referred to as a U1 wire, and the other wire is referred to as a U2 wire. Similarly, one of the wires of the V-phase connected in parallel is referred to as a V1 wire, and the other is referred to as a V2 wire. Further, one of the wires of the W phase connected in parallel is referred to as a W1 wire, and the other wire is referred to as a W2 wire.
Referring to fig. 7, a comparison between the insulation test method of the insulation test apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment and the insulation test method according to the second comparative example will be described. Note that the second comparative example illustrates a conventional wire insulation test method in which each of a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire is connected in parallel.
First, an insulation test method according to a second comparative example will be described. In the second comparative example, the phase-to-phase insulation test was performed in the first to third tests, the insulation test of each phase was performed in the fourth to sixth tests, and the insulation test with respect to the ground was performed in the seventh test. Specifically, in the first test, insulation tests were performed on U1, U2 wires, and V1, V2 wires. In the first insulation test, the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the U1, U2 wires are electrically connected, and the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the V1, V2 wires are electrically connected, by the operation of the switching unit 4. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U1, U2 wires and the V1, V2 wires, and the amount of discharge generated between the U1, U2 wires and the V1, V2 wires is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
Note that in the first insulation test, the W1, the W2 wire, and the stator core 2 were non-measurement portions. Therefore, in the case where a floating potential exists in the non-measurement portion, a discharge is induced from the non-measurement portion to the measurement portion, so that the possibility of occurrence of the discharge increases.
Subsequently, at the second time, insulation tests were performed between the V1, V2 wires and the W1, W2 wires. At the third time, insulation tests were performed on the W1, W2 wires and the U1, U2 wires. Note that since the insulation test of the second insulation test and the third insulation test is different from the second insulation test and the third insulation test in the first embodiment only in the phase U, V, W, a description thereof will be omitted.
In the fourth test, the U1 and U2 wires were subjected to insulation test. In the fourth insulation test, by the operation of the switching unit 4, the electrical connection between the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the U1 wire rod was made, and the electrical connection between the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the U2 wire rod was made. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U1 wire and the U2 wire, and the amount of discharge generated between the U1 wire and the U2 wire is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5. Note that in the fourth insulation test, the wires of the V1, V2, W1, W2 phases and the stator core 2 were non-measurement portions. Therefore, in the case where a floating potential exists in the non-measurement portion, a discharge is induced from the non-measurement portion to the measurement portion, so that the possibility of occurrence of the discharge increases.
Subsequently, in the fifth test, the V1 wire and the V2 wire were subjected to an insulation test. In the sixth test, insulation tests were performed on the W1 wire and the W2 wire. Note that since the fifth insulation test and the sixth insulation test are different from the fourth insulation test only in that the phases U, V, W of the wires to be tested are different from each other, a description thereof will be omitted.
In the seventh test, the wire of U, V, W phase and the stator core 2 were subjected to an insulation test. In the seventh test, the first terminals 31 of the power supply unit 3 were electrically connected to the wires of U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2, and the second terminals 32 of the power supply unit 3 were electrically connected to the stator core 2 by the operation of the switching unit. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating-current voltage between the U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2 wire and the U2 wire, and the amount of discharge generated between the U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2 wire and the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
According to the second comparative example, in the first to seventh insulation tests, in the case where it is judged that at least one coating of the wires of U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2 does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation, the product having the wire coating which does not satisfy the quality regulation is regarded as a waste product.
Next, an insulation test method according to a third embodiment will be described. According to the third embodiment, the phase-to-phase insulation test and the ground insulation test are simultaneously performed in the first test and the second test, and each phase insulation test and the ground insulation test are performed in the third test. Specifically, in the first test, insulation tests were performed between the V, W-phase wire and the U-phase wire and the stator core 2. In the first insulation test, by the operation of the switching unit 4, the electrical connection between the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the V1, V2, W1, W2 wires and the electrical connection between the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the U1, U2 wires and the stator core 2 are made. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the V1, V2, W1, W2 wire rods and the U1, U2 wire rods and the stator core 2, and the amount of discharge generated between the V1, V2, W1, W2 wire rods and the U1, U2 wire rods and the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
Next, in the second test, insulation tests between the W1, W2, U1, U2 wire and the V1, V2 wire and the stator core 2 were performed. In the second test, by the operation of the switching unit 4, the electrical connection between the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the W1, W2, U1, U2 wires, and the electrical connection between the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the V1, V2 wires and the stator core 2 were made. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the W1, W2, U1, U2 wires and the V1, V2 wires and the stator core 2, and the amount of discharge generated between the W1, W2, U1, U2 wires and the V1, V2 wires and the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
Finally, in the third test, insulation tests were performed between the U1, V1, W1 wires and the U2, V2, W2 wires and the stator core 2. In the third insulation test, the first terminal 31 of the power supply unit 3 and the U1, V1, W1 wires are electrically connected, and the second terminal 32 of the power supply unit 3 and the U2, V2, W2 wires, the stator core 2 are electrically connected, by the operation of the switching unit 4. Then, the power supply unit 3 applies an alternating voltage between the U1, V1, W1 wires and the U2, V2, W2 wires, the stator core 2, and the amount of discharge generated between the U1, V1, W1 wires and the U2, V2, W2 wires, the stator core 2 is measured by the discharge measurement unit 5.
According to the third embodiment, in the first to third insulation tests, in the case where it is judged that at least one coating of the wires of U1, U2, V1, V2, W1, W2 does not satisfy the predetermined quality regulation, the product having the wire coating which does not satisfy the quality regulation is regarded as a waste product.
Therefore, since the number of tests of the insulation test method according to the third embodiment is smaller than that of the second comparative example, the time required for the insulation test can be shortened.
It should be noted that the connection states of the wirings in the first test and the second test according to the third embodiment are referred to as a first parallel connection measurement state. The first parallel connection measurement state refers to a state in which any two phases of the U, V, W parallel-connected wire rods are electrically connected to the first terminals 31, and the other phase of the parallel-connected wire rods, the stator core 2, and the second terminals 32 are electrically connected.
Further, the connection state of the wirings in the third test according to the third embodiment is referred to as a second parallel connection measurement state. In other words, the second parallel connection measurement state refers to a state in which the wires connected in parallel in some of the U, V, W phases are electrically connected to the first terminals 31, and the wires of the other of the U, V, W phases, the stator core 2, and the second terminals 32 are electrically connected. Note that the non-measurement portion is not generated in the first parallel connection measurement state and the second parallel connection measurement state.
According to the third embodiment as described above, during the insulation test, the control unit 7 controls the switching unit 4 to generate the first parallel connection measurement state and the second parallel connection measurement state. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the third embodiment can reduce the number of tests as compared with the conventional test method described as the second comparative example. Thus, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof according to the third embodiment eliminate the floating potential, thereby improving the accuracy of the insulation test and also shortening the time required for the insulation test.
(fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment and the like in that the configuration of the insulation testing device 1 and the testing method thereof are slightly modified as compared with those of the first embodiment. Since the other portions are the same as those in the first embodiment, only different portions will be described.
As shown in fig. 8, the insulation testing apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment is provided with a humidity detecting unit 12. The humidity detection unit 12 detects the ambient humidity around the U-phase, V-phase, W-phase wire rods and the stator core 2, or detects the moisture absorption of the coating of the wire rods. In the following description, the ambient humidity or hygroscopicity may be referred to as only humidity. Further, the humidity detected by the humidity detection unit 12 may be referred to as only detected humidity.
The insulation test apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment sets a determination period from the time when the power supply unit 3 starts to apply a voltage to the wire rod to the time when the insulation determination unit 6 determines whether the insulation state of the wire rod is acceptable or not, based on the detected humidity. The determination period is set such that the determination period in which the detected humidity is higher than the predetermined value is set longer than the determination period in which the detected humidity is lower than the predetermined value. Note that the predetermined value is set to be in the range of 40% to 60%, for example, according to the experimental results or the like.
Here, with reference to the graph shown in fig. 9, the importance of determining the time period based on the detected humidity change will be described. Fig. 9 is an experimental result showing a change in the number of discharges due to the influence of humidity.
The vertical axis of fig. 9 represents the number of discharges. The number of discharges is equivalent to the amount of discharges. In other words, the number of discharges is defined as the number of measurements of discharge events over a predetermined period of time, assuming that a discharge is an event in which the amount of discharge of electric charge is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount and the frequency of movement of electric charge is greater than or equal to a predetermined frequency due to application of an alternating voltage. The vertical axis of fig. 9 shows the elapsed time from the time when the power supply unit 3 applies the voltage to the wire rod. Note that in this experiment, the voltage applied to the wire by the power supply unit 3 did not change due to humidity.
In fig. 9, the change in the number of discharges when the humidity detection unit 12 detects low detection humidity is shown by a bar graph with cross hatching. Further, the change in the number of discharges when the humidity detection unit 12 detects the middle detection humidity is shown by a bar graph with cross hatching. The change in the number of discharges when the humidity detection unit 12 detects a high detection humidity is shown by a hollow bar graph.
As shown by the cross-hatched bar graph, in the case of low humidity, the number of discharges at time t1 is about a predetermined value. After time t2, the number of discharges is small. Note that the predetermined value is set in consideration of the service life of the rotating electric machine.
As shown by the bar graph with hatching and the open bar graph, in the case of high humidity and medium humidity, the number of discharges exceeds a predetermined value in the period from the start of voltage application from the power supply unit to time t 5. After time t6, the number of discharges is lower than the predetermined value, and the number of discharges appears very small at time t 10.
As shown by the bar graph with cross hatching in fig. 9, in the case where the humidity is low, the period from the time when the discharge starts to the time when the number of discharges becomes small is short. However, as shown by the bar graph with cross hatching and the open bar graph, in the case where the humidity is high, it takes a long time from the start of discharge to when the number of discharges becomes small. In view of this, according to the fourth embodiment, the determination period when the humidity is higher than the predetermined value is set longer than the determination period when the humidity is lower than the predetermined value. Therefore, in the case where the humidity is higher than the predetermined value, the number of discharges measured by the discharge measurement unit 5 converges with time. Therefore, the insulation test apparatus 1 and the method thereof can avoid over-detection and improve the accuracy of the insulation test without being affected by humidity. On the other hand, in the case where the humidity is lower than the predetermined value, the judgment time period is set shorter, so that the time required for the insulation test can be shortened.
(other embodiments)
The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, but may be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims. Further, the respective embodiments described above are not independent of each other, and thus can be appropriately combined unless it is obviously impossible to combine them. Further, in the respective embodiments, unless an element is specified as a necessary case or an element is regarded as a theoretically necessary case, elements constituting each embodiment are not necessarily necessary.
Further, in the case where numerical values such as the number, value, amount, range, and the like of elements are mentioned in the embodiments, these numerical values are not limited except for the case where numerical values are specified as necessary or the case where only the specified number is theoretically limited. Further, in the respective embodiments, when describing the shapes of the elements or the positional relationship therebetween, the shapes or the positional relationship are not particularly limited unless otherwise specified or the shapes or the positional relationship are theoretically limited.
(1) According to the embodiment as described above, the insulation test apparatus 1 is configured to test the insulation state of the coating of the wire rod provided in the stator core 2 as the armature included in the rotating electrical machine. However, it is not limited thereto. The insulation test apparatus 1 may be configured to test the insulation state of a wire coating provided in a rotor core as an armature included in a rotating electrical machine.
(2) According to the first embodiment as described above, the insulation test is performed in a state before the plurality of wires constituting the U phase, the plurality of wires constituting the V phase, and the plurality of wires constituting the W phase are connected in series and connected to the neutral point, respectively. However, it is not limited thereto. The insulation test may be performed in a state before the plurality of wires constituting the U phase, the plurality of wires constituting the V phase, and the plurality of wires constituting the W phase are connected in series and connected to the neutral point, respectively.
(3) According to the third embodiment as described above, for the U-phase wire, the V-phase wire, and the W-phase wire, each two wires in the respective phases are connected in parallel. However, it is not limited thereto. For the wires of each phase, multiple parallel connections such as triple parallel connection or quadruple parallel connection may be employed.
(4) According to the embodiments described above, the wires may be connected using a star connection. However, it is not limited thereto. For the wire, various connections such as a delta connection, a delta-star connection, a star-delta connection, a delta-delta connection, and a star-star connection may be used.
(5) According to the fourth embodiment as described above, the determination period when the detected humidity is higher than the predetermined value is set longer than the determination period when the detected humidity is lower than the predetermined value. However, it is not limited thereto. The applied voltage may be set such that the applied voltage when the detected humidity is higher than the predetermined value is set to be lower than the applied voltage when the detected humidity is lower than the predetermined value.

Claims (8)

1. An insulation test device that tests the insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotating electrical machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected, characterized by comprising:
a power supply unit (3) having a first terminal (31) and a second terminal (32);
a switching means (4) for switching between an electrically connected state and an electrically disconnected state between the wire material of each phase U, V, W and the core and the first and second terminals;
a discharge measurement unit (5) that measures an amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases, and the second member being selected from the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases;
an insulation determination unit (6) that determines whether the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit; and
a control unit (7) that controls the switching unit so that the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases are all electrically connected to the first terminal or the second terminal, while controlling the switching unit so as to avoid insulation of the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases from both the first terminal and the second terminal.
2. The insulation testing apparatus of claim 1,
the control unit is configured to control the switching unit such that the wire of any two phases in U, V, W phase is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the wire of the other phase and the core are electrically connected to the second terminal.
3. The insulation testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the U-phase wire, the V-phase wire, and the W-phase wire are respectively connected in parallel, the parallel-connected wires in each phase including a first wire and a second wire,
the control unit is configured to control the switching unit to generate a first parallel connection measurement state in which the wire connected in parallel in each of any two of the U-phase, the V-phase, and the W-phase is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the wire connected in parallel in the other phase and the core are electrically connected to the second terminal, and a second parallel connection measurement state in which the first wire of U, V, W each phase is electrically connected to the first terminal, and the second wire of U, V, W each phase, the core is electrically connected to the second terminal.
4. The insulation testing apparatus of claim 1,
the U-phase wire, the V-phase wire and the W-phase wire are respectively connected in series,
the control unit is configured to control the switching unit to generate a first series connection measurement state in which a wire in any one of U, V, W phases is electrically connected to the first terminal, while wires of the other two phases and the core are electrically connected to the second terminal, and a second series connection measurement state in which all wires of U, V, W phases are electrically connected to the first terminal, while the core is electrically connected to the second terminal.
5. The insulation testing device of any one of claims 1 to 4,
the insulation testing device further includes a humidity detection unit (12) that detects the ambient humidity around the wire rod of U, V, W phases and the core, or detects the moisture absorption of the coating layer of the wire rod,
a determination period from a time when the power supply unit starts to apply the voltage to the wire rod to a time when the insulation determination unit determines whether the insulation state of the wire rod is acceptable or not is set to: the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is higher than the predetermined value is longer than the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is lower than the predetermined value.
6. An insulation test device that tests the insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotating electrical machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected, characterized by comprising:
a power supply unit (3) having a first terminal (31) and a second terminal (32);
a switching means (4) for switching between an electrically connected state and an electrically disconnected state between the wire material of each phase U, V, W and the core and the first and second terminals;
a discharge measurement unit (5) that measures an amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal, the first member being selected from the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases, and the second member being selected from the wire rod and the core of U, V, W phases;
an insulation determination unit (6) that determines whether the coating of the wire rod satisfies a predetermined quality regulation based on the discharge amount measured by the discharge measurement unit; and
a humidity detection unit (12) that detects the ambient humidity around the wire rod of U, V, W phases and the core, or detects the moisture absorption properties of the coating layer of the wire rod,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a determination period from a time when the power supply unit starts to apply the voltage to the wire rod to a time when the insulation determination unit determines whether the insulation state of the wire rod is acceptable or not is set to: the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is higher than the predetermined value is longer than the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is lower than the predetermined value.
7. An insulation test method that tests an insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotating electrical machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected, characterized by comprising:
u, V, W a state in which all of the wire rods of the respective phases and the core are electrically connected to the first terminal (31) or the second terminal (32) of the power supply unit (3) is generated, and a state in which neither the wire rods of the respective phases nor the core is insulated from both the first terminal and the second terminal is also generated U, V, W a state in which neither the wire rods of the respective phases nor the core is insulated from both the first terminal and the second terminal;
applying a voltage from the power supply unit to the U, V, W wire rods and the core; and
the amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal is measured, the first member being selected from the wire of U, V, W phases and the core, and the second member being selected from the wire of U, V, W phases and the core.
8. An insulation test method that tests an insulation state of each coating layer of a plurality of wires inserted into a slot (21) included in a core (2) of a rotating electrical machine in a state before a U-phase wire, a V-phase wire, and a W-phase wire are connected, characterized by comprising:
-creating U, V, W a state in which the wires of the phases and the core are electrically connected to the first terminal (31) or the second terminal (32) of the power supply unit (3);
u, V, W measuring the ambient humidity around the wire and the core or the moisture absorption of the coating of the wire;
a determination period from a time when the power supply unit starts to apply the voltage to the wire rod to a time when the insulation determination unit determines whether the insulation state of the wire rod is acceptable or not is set to: the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is higher than the predetermined value is longer than the judgment time period during which the environmental humidity or the hygroscopicity is lower than the predetermined value; and
the amount of discharge generated between a first member electrically connected to the first terminal and a second member electrically connected to the second terminal is measured, the first member being selected from the wire of U, V, W phases and the core, and the second member being selected from the wire of U, V, W phases and the core.
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