CN111795838A - Test system for fuel cell hydrogen injector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test system of a fuel cell hydrogen injector, which comprises an air supply module, a galvanic pile simulator, an acquisition module and a central control module, wherein the air supply module comprises a pressure reducing valve communicated with an air source and an air inlet electromagnetic valve communicated with the pressure reducing valve, and an air outlet of the air inlet electromagnetic valve can be communicated with an air inlet of a tested injector; the air inlet of the electric pile simulator can be communicated with the air outlet of the tested ejector; the acquisition module comprises a first pressure sensor positioned at an air inlet of the pile simulator and a second pressure sensor positioned at an air outlet of the pile simulator; and the central control module is used for being electrically connected with the air inlet electromagnetic valve, the tested ejector and the acquisition module respectively. The invention is beneficial to avoiding the phenomenon of damaging the galvanic pile during testing.

Description

Test system for fuel cell hydrogen injector

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a test system for a hydrogen injector of a fuel cell.

Background technique

Fuel cell is an efficient power generation device with advantages of high power density, high energy conversion efficiency and quiet working process, and has been successfully applied in the automotive field. The fuel cell needs to supply hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell and oxygen to the cathode respectively during operation. The existing method of supplying hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell is generally to control the pressure and flow of the hydrogen input into the fuel cell through an injector.

Before using the existing injector, parameter calibration and matching adjustment are required. The existing calibration method is generally to directly place the injector in the entire fuel cell system for testing. However, such a test method may cause damage to the stack due to the excessive pressure of the hydrogen output from the injector.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a test system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector, which aims to solve the technical problem that the stack is damaged due to the excessive pressure of the hydrogen output by the injector in the existing test method.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a test system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector. The test system includes a gas supply module, a stack simulator, a collection module and a central control module. The gas supply module includes a The pressure reducing valve communicated with the source and the intake solenoid valve communicated with the pressure reducing valve, and the air outlet of the intake solenoid valve can be communicated with the air inlet of the injector under test; the input of the stack simulator The gas port can be communicated with the gas outlet of the tested injector; the acquisition module includes a first pressure sensor located at the gas inlet of the stack simulator and a second pressure sensor located at the gas outlet of the stack simulator a pressure sensor; the central control module is used for electrically connecting with the intake solenoid valve, the injector under test and the acquisition module respectively.

Preferably, the air supply module further comprises an air storage tank and a bottle mouth angle valve, the air inlet of the bottle mouth angle valve is communicated with the air outlet of the air storage tank, and the air outlet of the bottle mouth angle valve is connected to the The air inlet of the pressure valve is connected.

Preferably, the acquisition module further includes a gas flow meter located between the tested injector and the stack simulator, and the gas flow meter is electrically connected to the central control module.

Preferably, the test system further includes a gas exhaust module, the gas exhaust module includes a first exhaust branch and a second exhaust branch, and the first exhaust branch includes a connection with the stack simulator. a first air duct communicated with an air outlet, and the second pressure sensor is located on the first air duct, and the second exhaust branch includes an air outlet solenoid valve communicated with the air outlet of the stack simulator and A first one-way valve communicated with the air outlet of the air outlet solenoid valve, and the air outlet solenoid valve is electrically connected with the central control module.

Preferably, the gas discharge module further includes a first manual ball valve communicated with the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve, and the air outlet of the first manual ball valve is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve.

Preferably, the gas supply module further includes a second manual ball valve located between the pressure reducing valve and the solenoid valve, and the gas discharge module further includes a safety valve that communicates with the intake port of the intake solenoid. The air outlet of the safety valve is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve, the air inlet of the injector under test is provided with a third pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is connected to the The central control module is electrically connected.

Preferably, the gas discharge module further comprises a second air conduit communicated with the safety pressure relief port of the injector under test, and the air outlet of the second air conduit is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve .

Preferably, the air supply module further includes a second one-way valve located between the intake solenoid valve and the tested injector, and the intake port of the second one-way valve is connected to the intake air The air outlet of the solenoid valve is communicated with the air outlet of the second one-way valve, the air outlet of the second one-way valve is communicated with the air inlet of the tested injector, and the air outlet of the first air duct is connected with the air outlet of the second one-way valve. Connected.

Preferably, the central control module includes a controller electrically connected to the intake solenoid valve, the injector under test and the acquisition module, respectively, and an intelligent terminal communicatively connected to the controller.

Preferably, a fourth pressure sensor is provided at the air outlet of the tested injector, and the fourth pressure sensor is electrically connected to the central control module.

The test system for the fuel cell hydrogen injector provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a gas supply module for supplying gas to the injector under test and a stack simulator that can simulate the real operation of the fuel cell, and collects the stack simulator through the acquisition module. The air pressure value at the air inlet and outlet is convenient for the central control module to detect the performance of the injector under test and can calibrate and debug the injector under test according to the collected data, which is beneficial to avoid damage to the stack during testing.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a testing system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector in the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a testing system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the central control module shown in FIG. 2 .

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art will not make any creative work. All other embodiments obtained under the premise belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a test system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the test system includes a gas supply module 100 , a stack simulator 200 , a collection module 300 and a central control module 400 . The air module 100 includes a decompression valve 110 for communicating with the air source and an intake solenoid valve 120 for communicating with the decompression valve 110 , and the air outlet of the intake solenoid valve 120 can be connected to the injector 500 under test. The air inlet is connected to the air inlet; the air inlet of the stack simulator 200 can be communicated with the air outlet of the tested injector 500 ; A pressure sensor 310 and a second pressure sensor 320 located at the air outlet of the stack simulator 200; the central control module 400 is used to communicate with the intake solenoid valve 120, the tested injector 500 and the The module 300 is electrically connected.

In this embodiment, the air supply module 100 includes a decompression valve 110 and an intake solenoid valve 120, wherein the air inlet of the decompression valve 110 is used to communicate with an air source, and the air source here may be a public air source or an independent air source It is preferable that the pressure reducing valve 110 has the function of displaying the gas pressure value, so that the gas with the rated pressure can be input into the injector 500 under test through the pressure reducing valve 110, and the air inlet of the intake solenoid valve 120 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 110 at the same time. The air outlet of the intake solenoid valve 120 is communicated with the air inlet of the tested injector 500 . The air inlet of the stack simulator 200 is communicated with the air outlet of the tested injector 500, so that the amount of hydrogen required in the process of loading and de-loading of the actual stack can be simulated by the stack simulator 200, and then the tested The injector 500 only needs to output the corresponding amount of hydrogen gas. The stack simulator 200 is mainly used to simulate the internal environment of the real fuel cell stack, and there is an anode gas flow channel close to the real stack, with a certain resistance drop. The acquisition module 300 includes a first pressure sensor 310 and a second pressure sensor 320, wherein the first pressure sensor 310 is located at the gas inlet of the stack simulator 200, the second pressure sensor 320 is located at the gas outlet of the stack simulator 200, Thereby, it is convenient to detect the pressure value of the hydrogen gas entering the stack simulator 200 and the pressure value of the hydrogen gas discharged from the stack simulator 200, so that the pressure drop of the stack simulator 200 under a certain flow rate (that is, the resistance drop) can be calculated. ) to judge the performance of the stack simulator 200 . At this time, the hydrogen pressure value collected by the first pressure sensor 310 is approximately equal to the pressure value of the hydrogen gas discharged from the injector 500 under test. Therefore, it can be determined that the pressure value of the hydrogen gas output by the injector 500 under test is loaded and lowered by the stack simulator 200. is in a stable state during the loading process. The central control module 400 is electrically connected with the intake solenoid valve 120, the injector under test 500 and the acquisition module 300 respectively, so as to facilitate the control of the opening and closing of the intake solenoid valve 120 and the power of the injector under test 500 and the collection of the injector under test. 500 and the parameters of the acquisition module 300, thereby facilitating the central control module 400 to debug the injector 500 under test according to the collected data. In this embodiment, the gas supply module 100 provided to supply gas to the injector 500 under test and the stack simulator 200 that can simulate the real operation of the fuel cell are used, and the air pressure at the gas inlet and outlet of the stack simulator 200 is collected by the acquisition module 300 at the same time. Therefore, it is convenient for the central control module 400 to detect the performance of the injector under test 500 and to calibrate and debug the injector under test 500 according to the collected data, which is beneficial to avoid the phenomenon of damage to the stack during the test.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the air supply module 100 further includes an air storage tank 130 and a bottle mouth angle valve 140, and the air inlet of the bottle mouth angle valve 140 is communicated with the air outlet of the air storage tank 130. The air outlet of the mouth angle valve 140 is communicated with the air inlet of the pressure reducing valve 110 , so that air can be supplied to the injector 500 under test through the air storage tank 130 , so that the test system can complete the test at any location. At this time, it is preferable that the gas storage tank 130 and the bottle mouth angle valve 140 are two groups, one of which is used to store hydrogen gas, and the other gas storage tank 130 is used to store nitrogen gas, and the two gas storage tanks 130 are respectively The bottle mouth angle valve 140 is communicated with the air inlet of the pressure reducing valve 110, so that it is convenient to firstly deliver nitrogen to the injector to be tested through the gas storage tank 130 for storing nitrogen to complete the primary test (such as air tightness, etc.), and then store the hydrogen The gas storage tank 130 delivers hydrogen to the injector under test to complete the final test. Due to the high cost of hydrogen, the use of nitrogen for the primary test is beneficial to reduce the cost of testing the injector 500 under test.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the acquisition module 300 further includes a gas flow meter 330 located between the tested injector 500 and the stack simulator 200 , and the gas flow meter 330 is connected to the central control module 400 . It is electrically connected to facilitate the central control module 400 to determine the difference between the actual flow rate and the theoretical output flow rate of the gas output from the injector 500 under test according to the flow data collected by the gas flow meter 330, so as to facilitate the central control module 400 to evaluate the measured gas flow rate. The parameters of the injector 500 are debugged.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the test system further includes a gas discharge module 600 , and the gas discharge module 600 includes a first exhaust branch 610 and a second exhaust branch 620 . At this time, the first exhaust branch 610 includes a first air duct, and the air inlet of the first air duct communicates with the air outlet of the stack simulator 200, and the air outlet of the first air duct is used to directly discharge gas, that is, Yes, of course, a gas processing device may also be provided at the gas outlet of the first gas conduit, so as to avoid dangerous situations caused by excessively high concentration of discharged hydrogen. At the same time, the second exhaust branch 620 includes an air outlet solenoid valve 621 and a first one-way valve 622, and the air inlet of the air outlet solenoid valve 621 is also communicated with the air outlet of the stack simulator 200, and the first one-way valve 622 The air intake port of 1 is communicated with the air outlet port of the air outlet solenoid valve 621 . Among them, when the injector 500 under test is tested, the air outlet solenoid valve 621 is opened at intervals, for example, when the output current is 300A, the air outlet solenoid valve 621 is turned on for 0.5 seconds and turned off for 20 seconds, and the cycle is performed; when the output current is at the rated power of 400A, The air outlet solenoid valve 621 is opened for 0.5 seconds and closed for 12 seconds, and the cycle is performed. The first one-way valve 622 is mainly to prevent the phenomenon of gas backflow during the opening of the gas outlet solenoid valve 621. At this time, the amount of gas discharged from the first exhaust branch 610 is equal to the amount of hydrogen actually consumed by the fuel cell, and the second exhaust branch The amount of gas discharged from the path 620 is equal to the amount of the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the gas discharge module 600 further includes a first manual ball valve 630, and the air inlet of the first manual ball valve 630 communicates with the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve 110, and the first manual The air outlet of the ball valve 630 is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve 622 so as to share an air outlet to facilitate gas management. In this embodiment, by setting the first manual ball valve 630 , it is beneficial to release the pressure when the pressure reducing valve 110 is used to adjust the air pressure.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the air supply module 100 further includes a second manual ball valve 150, and the air inlet of the second manual ball valve 150 is communicated with the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve 110, and the first The air outlet of the second manual ball valve 150 is communicated with the air inlet of the intake solenoid valve 120 , so that it is convenient to manually close the second manual ball valve 150 when the pressure reducing valve 110 performs pressure regulation to prevent the high pressure gas from damaging the intake solenoid valve 120 . At the same time, the gas discharge module 600 further includes a safety valve 640 , and the air inlet of the safety valve 640 is communicated with the air inlet of the air intake solenoid valve 120 , and the air outlet of the safety valve 640 is connected to the air outlet of the first one-way valve 622 Connected so as to share an exhaust port to facilitate the management of gas. At this time, by arranging the safety valve 640 , it is beneficial that when the gas pressure output by the air supply module 100 is too high, the safety valve 640 will automatically jump to release the pressure to prevent the intake solenoid valve 120 from being damaged. Further, in order to facilitate the central control module 400 to close the intake solenoid valve 120 when the pressure of the gas input to the injector 500 under test is relatively high, preferably a third pressure sensor 510 is provided at the intake port of the injector under test 500, and The third pressure sensor 510 is also electrically connected to the central control module 400 , so that when the third pressure sensor 510 detects that the air pressure is too high, the central control module 400 closes the intake solenoid valve 120 .

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the gas discharge module 600 further includes a second air duct 650, and the air inlet of the second air duct 650 communicates with the safety pressure relief port of the injector 500 under test, while The air outlet of the second air conduit 650 is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve 622, so as to share an air outlet, so as to facilitate the management of the gas and facilitate the safe passage of the injector 500 when the air pressure in the tested injector 500 is too high. The pressure relief port discharges part of the gas inside. At the same time, a temperature sensor 530 is provided at the air inlet of the injector 500 under test, and the temperature sensor 530 is electrically connected to the central control module 400, so that when the data collected by the temperature sensor 530 exceeds a preset value, the central control The module 400 controls the opening of the safety pressure relief port of the injector 500 under test to discharge the gas in the injector 500 under test.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the air supply module 100 further includes a second one-way valve 160 located between the intake solenoid valve 120 and the tested injector 500 , and the second one-way valve 160 is The air inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the air intake solenoid valve 120 , and the air outlet of the second one-way valve 160 is communicated with the air inlet of the injector 500 under test. At the same time, it is preferable that the air outlet of the first air conduit is communicated with the air outlet of the second one-way valve 160, so as to facilitate the recycling of the gas discharged from the first air conduit.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the central control module 400 includes a controller 410 and an intelligent terminal 420, wherein the controller 410 can be a controller specially used to test the injector 500 under test, or can be a fuel A battery controller (FCU), and the smart terminal 420 can be a computer or other smart devices. At this time, the controller 410 is electrically connected with the intake solenoid valve 120, the injector under test 500 and the acquisition module 300 respectively, so as to facilitate the transmission of data or signals, and the intelligent terminal 420 is connected with the controller 410 for communication. In a wired or wireless manner, the smart terminal 420 controls the injector 500 under test through the controller 410 , and the smart terminal 420 may have a corresponding program to facilitate the debugging of the parameters of the injector under test 500 .

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to more accurately collect the pressure value of the gas output by the injector 500 under test, a fourth pressure sensor 520 is provided at the gas outlet of the injector under test 500, and the fourth The pressure sensor 520 is also electrically connected to the central control module 400 , so that the central control module 400 can debug the injector 500 under test according to the pressure value collected by the fourth pressure sensor 520 .

It is worth noting that the testing method of the testing system in the above-mentioned preferred embodiment is:

1. First manually adjust the pressure reducing valve 110, and then control the opening of the intake solenoid valve 120 through the control interface on the smart terminal 420, so that the gas reaches the inlet of the injector 500 under test through the intake solenoid valve 120. The inlet temperature sensor of the injector 530 and the third pressure sensor 510 are fed back to the smart terminal 420 via the controller 410 in real time. If the gas at the inlet of the injector 500 under test is overpressured or overheated, the smart terminal 420 will send a command to the controller 410, and the controller 410 will control to close the intake solenoid valve 120 and at the same time control the injector 500 under test to automatically vent pressure, thereby protecting the entire injector 500 under test. Among them, the way to adjust the air pressure through the pressure reducing valve 110 is to use the first manual ball valve 630 to release the air when the pressure reducing valve 110 adjusts the pressure, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure (the pressure cannot be adjusted if the air pressure is held all the time). After the pressure is adjusted by the pressure reducing valve 110 , the first manual ball valve 630 is always closed and no longer opened, and then the second manual valve 150 is opened to allow the gas to reach the inlet of the intake solenoid valve 120 .

2. If the smart terminal 420 detects that the gas pressure and temperature at the inlet of the injector 500 under test are normal, the test will be performed according to the preset procedure. That is to simulate the loading of the entire stack (the current increases from small to large until the rated current) and the changes in the flow and pressure of anode hydrogen during the load reduction process. For example, as the stack current increases during the loading process, the required hydrogen flow and pressure change with As the increase, the intelligent terminal 420 controls the injector 500 under test via the controller 410 to adjust the flow and pressure of hydrogen (achieved by adjusting the opening frequency and opening of the nozzle inside the injector 500 under test) to follow the increase to meet the requirements of the stack. the entire fuel requirement. When the hydrogen flow increases, the gas pressure in the pipeline will drop. At this time, the control parameters of the injector 500 under test should be adjusted so that the entire gas supply pressure and flow follow the current to increase smoothly without large fluctuations. The process of load reduction is just the opposite. It is necessary to control the injector 500 under test so that the pressure and flow of hydrogen should follow the decrease of the stack current and decrease smoothly without large fluctuations.

3. During the whole test process, the outlet solenoid valve 621 will open the exhaust at intervals, and the duration of the opening will change with the change of the loading current. The cycle time (interval time) of the outlet solenoid valve 621 to exhaust under low current will be longer. Some, the exhaust cycle will be shortened correspondingly under high current. Specifically, it is determined by the control strategy during the fuel cell stack test.

4. During the process of periodically exhausting through the air outlet solenoid valve 621, the gas pressure at the outlet of the upstream stack and the tested injector 500 will fluctuate, thereby causing the voltage fluctuation of the stack. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the control parameters of the injector 500 under test, so that the air supply pressure when the air outlet solenoid valve 621 is exhausted remains stable.

5. The whole test process is to simulate the following changes of the hydrogen supply pressure and flow rate when the fuel cell is loaded and de-loaded. The injector 500 under test mainly adjusts the stability of the supply gas pressure and flow rate to meet the supply of the entire fuel cell system or stack. gas demand.

The above are only some or preferred embodiments of the present invention, and neither the text nor the accompanying drawings can therefore limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent structural transformation, or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A test system for a fuel cell hydrogen injector, characterized in that it comprises an air supply module, a stack simulator, an acquisition module and a central control module, and the air supply module comprises a pressure reducing valve for communicating with a gas source and an air intake solenoid valve communicated with the pressure reducing valve, and the air outlet of the air intake solenoid valve can be communicated with the air inlet of the tested injector; the air inlet of the stack simulator can be connected to the The gas outlet of the tested injector is communicated; the acquisition module includes a first pressure sensor located at the gas inlet of the stack simulator and a second pressure sensor located at the gas outlet of the stack simulator; the middle The control module is used for being electrically connected with the intake solenoid valve, the injector under test and the acquisition module respectively. 2. The test system according to claim 1, wherein the air supply module further comprises an air storage tank and a bottle mouth angle valve, and the air inlet of the bottle mouth angle valve is communicated with the air outlet of the air storage tank , the air outlet of the bottle mouth angle valve is communicated with the air inlet of the pressure reducing valve. 3 . The test system according to claim 1 , wherein the acquisition module further comprises a gas flow meter located between the tested injector and the stack simulator, and the gas flow meter is connected to the The central control module is electrically connected. 4. The test system according to claim 1, further comprising a gas discharge module, the gas discharge module comprising a first exhaust branch and a second exhaust branch, the first exhaust branch including a first air duct communicated with the air outlet of the stack simulator, the second pressure sensor is located on the first air duct, and the second exhaust branch includes a connection with the stack simulator The air outlet solenoid valve communicated with the air outlet and the first one-way valve communicated with the air outlet of the air outlet solenoid valve, and the air outlet solenoid valve is electrically connected with the central control module. 5. The test system according to claim 4, wherein the gas discharge module further comprises a first manual ball valve communicated with the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve, and the air outlet of the first manual ball valve is connected to the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve. The air outlet of the first one-way valve is communicated. 6. The test system according to claim 4, wherein the gas supply module further comprises a second manual ball valve located between the pressure reducing valve and the solenoid valve, and the gas discharge module further comprises A safety valve communicated with the air inlet of the air intake solenoid, the air outlet of the safety valve is communicated with the air outlet of the first one-way valve, and the air inlet of the tested injector is provided with a third a pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is electrically connected with the central control module. 7 . The testing system according to claim 4 , wherein the gas discharge module further comprises a second air conduit communicating with the safety pressure relief port of the injector under test, and the outlet of the second air conduit is 7. 8 . The air port communicates with the air outlet of the first one-way valve. 8 . The test system according to claim 4 , wherein the air supply module further comprises a second check valve located between the intake solenoid valve and the injector under test, and the first check valve 8 . The air inlet of the second check valve is communicated with the air outlet of the air intake solenoid valve, the air outlet of the second check valve is communicated with the air inlet of the tested injector, and the first air conduit The air outlet communicates with the air outlet of the second one-way valve. 9 . The testing system according to claim 1 , wherein the central control module comprises a controller electrically connected to the intake solenoid valve, the injector under test and the acquisition module, and a controller electrically connected to the controller. 10 . Intelligent terminal for communication connection. 10 . The testing system according to claim 1 , wherein a fourth pressure sensor is disposed at the gas outlet of the injector under test, and the fourth pressure sensor is electrically connected to the central control module. 11 .

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