CN111795711B - Intelligent sensor - Google Patents
Intelligent sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111795711B CN111795711B CN202010688492.3A CN202010688492A CN111795711B CN 111795711 B CN111795711 B CN 111795711B CN 202010688492 A CN202010688492 A CN 202010688492A CN 111795711 B CN111795711 B CN 111795711B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 101710137584 Lipoyl synthase 1, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710090391 Lipoyl synthase 1, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
- G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to an intelligent sensor which comprises a power supply interface, a single chip microcomputer, an LED lamp and a photosensitive device, wherein the single chip microcomputer is connected with the power supply interface; the photosensitive device can receive light emitted by the lamp, and the light emitted by the LED lamp can cause the resistance distribution state of the photosensitive device to change; the photosensitive device comprises an annular photosensitive material strip and at least 5 connecting pins, the connecting pins are uniformly distributed on the annular photosensitive material strip, the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform in material, the width of each position of the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform, the lengths of the annular photosensitive material strips between any two adjacent pins are equal, the connecting pins are named as Ai in sequence, and i is an integer gradually increasing from 0; the connecting pins of the photosensitive devices are respectively and independently connected with the I/O pin of the singlechip. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, no leak, high safety, high cost performance and good reliability, and provides a new technical idea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to an intelligent sensor.
Background
The infrared correlation is a sensing mode for detecting whether shielding exists in a specified range, and has wide application range, such as human safety protection, animal intrusion sensing, article anti-theft protection, mechanical action sensing and rotating speed measurement.
For example, in a modern chemical plant, people and machines work cooperatively, and personal injuries of operators are easily caused on some mechanical devices with potential risks, such as stamping machines, shearing devices, metal cutting devices, automatic assembly lines, automatic welding lines, mechanical conveying and carrying devices, and dangerous areas (toxic, high-pressure, high-temperature, and the like). Through installing photoelectric safety device among the prior art, photoelectric safety device produces the protection light curtain through transmitting the infrared ray, and when the light curtain was sheltered from, safety device sent the shading signal, and the mechanical equipment stop work that control has potential danger avoids taking place the incident. The safety accident can be effectively avoided, the danger of operators and third parties is avoided, the comprehensive cost of the accident is reduced, and the safety accident is beneficial to companies, operators and society.
The prior art has the following defects: 1. the safety protection device in the prior art is high in cost, the safety protection device consists of a photoelectric emitter, a photoelectric receiver, a signal cable and a control cable, wherein the signal cable and the control cable are connected between the photoelectric emitter and the photoelectric receiver, when a light curtain needs to be formed, multiple pairs of photoelectric emitters and photoelectric receivers need to be adopted to form the light curtain with gaps, and an engineer designs the light curtain by matching the multiple pairs of photoelectric emitters and the photoelectric receivers, so that time and labor are wasted, the design is troublesome, and the debugging is difficult.
2. The signal transmission cable is easily interfered by strong electromagnetic environment, so that sequence error occurs during scanning of equipment, the length of the cable is limited, and the protection distance is short.
3. In the prior art, a gap exists between two adjacent photoelectric emission elements of the safety protection device, and if the shielding object is small enough and is located in a gap area of two grating strips, the existence of the shielding object cannot be detected, so that an improvement space exists.
4. Safety arrangement can not real-time self-checking among the prior art, if suddenly became invalid in the equipment use, can't discover the problem in real time, probably leads to detecting failure or life safety accident, exists and improves the space.
5. In the prior art, a gap which cannot be detected exists, hands may bypass the correlation infrared rays and enter a dangerous area, safety is affected, and an improvement space exists.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
An intelligent sensor comprises a power supply interface, a singlechip U1, an LED lamp D11 and a photosensitive device RJ;
the photosensitive device RJ can receive light emitted by the LED lamp D11, and the light emitted by the LED lamp D11 can cause the resistance distribution state of the photosensitive device RJ to change; the photosensitive device RJ comprises an annular photosensitive material strip and at least 5 connecting pins, wherein the connecting pins are uniformly distributed on the annular photosensitive material strip, the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform in material, the width of each position of the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform, the length of the annular photosensitive material strip between any two adjacent pins is equal, the connecting pins are named as Ai in sequence, and i is an integer gradually increasing from 0;
the power interface is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer U1;
the single chip microcomputer U1 is electrically connected with the LED lamp D11;
the singlechip U1 is electrically connected with the photosensitive device RJ;
the connecting pins of the photosensitive devices RJ are respectively and independently connected with the I/O pin of the singlechip U1.
Further, the single chip microcomputer U1 has a bidirectional sampling operation, the parameter of the bidirectional sampling operation is the value of i, and the flow of the bidirectional sampling operation is as follows:
step a0, setting the alias of the pin with the number equal to i + y-1% y as pin B0, the alias of the pin with the number equal to i + y + 2% y as pin B1, the alias of the pin with the number equal to i + y% y as pin D0, and the alias of the pin with the number equal to i + y + 1% y as pin D1, wherein y is the number of pins;
a1, connecting the positive pole of the power interface with the pin B0, and connecting the negative pole of the power interface with the pin B1;
step a2, acquiring a voltage value at a pin D0 by using an AD sampling technology, and saving the voltage value at the pin D0 to a variable H0;
a3, connecting the positive pole of the power interface with the pin B1, and connecting the negative pole of the power interface with the pin B0;
step a4, acquiring a voltage value at a pin D1 by using an AD sampling technology, and saving the voltage value at the pin D0 to a variable H1;
step a5, calling a singlechip U1 mathematical calculation circuit to perform the operation of the following mathematical formula:
DT＝|H0-H1|；
step a6, the computed DT value is used as a return value of the bidirectional sampling operation and returned to the caller;
the single chip microcomputer U1 has the following functions: the interruption test operation is used for judging whether the photosensitive device RJ is abnormal or not and judging whether the photosensitive device RJ is interrupted or not;
the flow of the occlusion test operation is specifically as follows:
step b0, setting the value of i to zero;
step b1, turning off the LED lamp D11;
b2, executing a bidirectional sampling operation process, assigning a value returned by the bidirectional sampling operation process to a variable NT, wherein the parameter is the value of i;
b3, judging whether the value of NT is in the error allowable range, if the value of NT is less than the allowable error threshold, the test requirement is met, then executing step b 4; if the value of NT is larger than or equal to the allowable error threshold value, returning a test conclusion of 'abnormal', and ending the interruption test operation;
step b4, lighting the LED lamp D11;
b5, performing bidirectional sampling operation, wherein the parameter is the value of i, and assigning the value returned by the bidirectional sampling operation process to the variable NT;
b6, judging whether the value of NT is in the error allowable range, if the value of NT is less than the allowable error threshold, executing step b 7; if the value of NT is larger than or equal to the allowable error threshold value, returning the result of the interruption test to 'interrupted', and ending the operation of the interruption test;
step b7, adding 1 to the value of i;
b8, judging whether i is equal to y, if i is equal to y, returning the result of the interruption test operation to 'normal'; if i < y, go to step b 1;
the single chip microcomputer U1 has the following main flow:
step e1, calling an interruption test operation flow;
step e2, judging the test conclusion return value of the interruption test operation flow: if the return value of the test conclusion is intercepted, outputting a signal representing 'intercepted' to the outside, and ending the cyclic calling process; if the return value of the test conclusion is normal, the circulation calling process is ended; if the return value of the test conclusion is abnormal, a signal representing 'abnormal' is output outwards, and the circulation calling process is finished.
Further, the model of the single chip microcomputer U1 is PIC18F24K 22.
Furthermore, the whole circuit is integrally packaged, so that the module calling is facilitated.
Further, the surface of the light sensing device RJ is provided with a filter LGP for filtering the ambient interfering light.
Further, the manner of externally outputting the signal representing 'being interrupted' is to sound an audible alarm.
Further, the LED lamp D11 emits infrared light.
Further, the single chip microcomputer U1 is also provided with a signal output special signal I/O pin for outputting a signal representing 'interrupted' to the outside.
Furthermore, the whole circuit is integrally packaged, and the packaging mode is bonding.
Furthermore, the heat dissipation device is also provided with a heat dissipation sheet for dissipating heat of the single chip microcomputer U1.
2. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, a new technical idea is provided.
The invention has simple structure and low cost.
The correlation formed by the invention is completely continuous without gaps, can be completely covered without leaks, and can be accurately detected no matter where the picking object is located, the size of the picking object is large, so that the detection effect of the invention is superior to that of the prior art.
The intelligent sensor can perform real-time self-inspection, can timely discover whether the intelligent sensor is in a normal working state or not, and avoids loss caused by failure, so that the safety of the intelligent sensor is higher.
And fifthly, the intelligent sensor of the invention can increase the number of pins of the annular photoresistor RJ and can easily increase the precision, so that the cost is increased very little when the precision is increased, and the cost performance is high.
Sixth, the signal transmission cable of the invention is few and short, difficult to receive the interference, so the reliability of the invention is better.
In conclusion, the invention has the beneficial effects of simple structure, low cost, no leak, high safety, high cost performance and good reliability, and provides a new technical idea.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ring-shaped photo resistor RJ and the LED lamp according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional illustration of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit of the ring-shaped photoresistor RJ;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a bidirectional sampling operation;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an occlusion test operation;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the main process;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: a first capacitor C1; a second capacitor C2; a third capacitor C3; a first resistor R19; a second resistor R21; a third resistor R23; a singlechip U1; a transistor Q2; an LED lamp D11; a buzzer LS 1; a ring-shaped photoresistor RJ; the first crystal oscillator X1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-8, an intelligent sensor comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a single chip microcomputer, a triode, an LED lamp, a buzzer, an annular photoresistor and a first crystal oscillator;
IN + and IN-are power interfaces;
the model of the singlechip is PIC18F24K 22;
the ninth pin of the singlechip is connected with the first pin of the first capacitor, the second pin of the first crystal oscillator is connected with the first pin of the first capacitor, the first tenth pin of the singlechip is connected with the first pin of the second capacitor, the first pin of the first crystal oscillator is connected with the first pin of the second capacitor, the second pin of the buzzer is connected with the first pin of the triode, the first pin of the first resistor is connected with the first pin of the triode, the first pin of the third capacitor is connected with the second pin of the second resistor, the first pin of the singlechip is connected with the second pin of the second resistor, the zeroth pin of the annular photoresistor is connected with the second pin of the singlechip, the first pin of the annular photoresistor is connected with the third pin of the singlechip, the third pin of the annular photoresistor is connected with the fifth pin of the second resistor, the fourth pin of the annular photoresistor is connected with the seventh pin of the singlechip, and the fifth pin of the annular photoresistor is connected with the twenty-first pin of the singlechip, the sixth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the twenty-second pin of the singlechip, the eighth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the twenty-fourth pin of the singlechip, the seventh pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the twenty-third pin of the singlechip, the ninth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the singlechip, the first tenth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the twenty-sixth pin of the singlechip, the first eleventh pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the first thirteenth pin of the singlechip, the first twelfth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the first fourteenth pin of the singlechip, the first thirteenth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the first fifteenth pin of the singlechip, the first fourteenth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the first sixteenth pin of the singlechip, the first fifteenth pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the first seventeen pin of the singlechip, the second pin of the annular photosensitive resistor is connected with the fourth pin of the singlechip, the pin A of the LED lamp is connected with the first pin eleven of the singlechip, the second pin of the triode is connected with the sixth pin of the singlechip, the first pin of the third resistor is connected with the sixth pin of the singlechip, the first nineteen pin of the singlechip is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the eighth pin of the singlechip is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the second pin of the second capacitor is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the second pin of the first capacitor is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the K pin of the LED lamp is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the third pin of the triode is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the second pin of the third resistor is connected with the second pin of the third capacitor, the twentieth pin of the singlechip is connected with the first pin of the second resistor, the first pin of the buzzer is connected with the first pin of the second resistor, and the second pin of the first resistor is connected with the first pin of the second resistor. The first capacitor has a nominal value of 30 pF. The second capacitor has a nominal value of 30 pF. The nominal value of the third capacitor is 1 nF. The first resistor has a resistance of 10k ohms. The resistance of the second resistor is 10k ohms. The third resistor has a resistance of 10k ohms. The model of the triode is 2N 7002.
The source code of the single chip microcomputer U1 of this embodiment is as follows, and the source code is compiled by MPLAB X IDE software:
the above; but are merely preferred embodiments of the invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope of the present disclosure; the technical scheme and the improved concept of the invention are equally replaced or changed; are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A smart sensor, characterized by: the LED lamp comprises a power interface, a single chip microcomputer (U1), an LED lamp (D11) and a photosensitive device (RJ);
the photosensitive device (RJ) can receive light emitted by the LED lamp (D11), and the light emitted by the LED lamp (D11) can cause the resistance distribution state of the photosensitive device (RJ) to change; the photosensitive device (RJ) comprises an annular photosensitive material strip and at least 5 connecting pins, wherein the connecting pins are uniformly distributed on the annular photosensitive material strip, the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform in material, the width of each position of the annular photosensitive material strip is uniform, the length of the annular photosensitive material strip between any two adjacent pins is equal, the connecting pins are named as A (i) in sequence, and i is an integer which gradually increases from 0;
the power interface is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (U1);
the single chip microcomputer (U1) is electrically connected with the LED lamp (D11);
the singlechip (U1) is electrically connected with the photosensitive device (RJ);
the connecting pins of the photosensitive devices (RJ) are respectively and independently connected with the I/O pin of the singlechip (U1);
the single chip microcomputer (U1) has a bidirectional sampling operation, the parameter of the bidirectional sampling operation is the value of i, and the flow of the bidirectional sampling operation is as follows:
step a0, setting the alias of the pin with the number equal to (i + y-1)% y as pin B0, the alias of the pin with the number equal to (i + y + 2)% y as pin B1, the alias of the pin with the number equal to (i + y)% y as pin D0, and the alias of the pin with the number equal to (i + y + 1)% y as pin D1, wherein y is the number of pins;
a1, connecting the positive pole of the power interface with the pin B0, and connecting the negative pole of the power interface with the pin B1;
step a2, acquiring a voltage value at a pin D0 by using an AD sampling technology, and saving the voltage value at the pin D0 to a variable H0;
a3, connecting the positive pole of the power interface with the pin B1, and connecting the negative pole of the power interface with the pin B0;
step a4, acquiring a voltage value at a pin D1 by using an AD sampling technology, and saving the voltage value at the pin D0 to a variable H1;
step a5, calling a mathematical calculation circuit of a singlechip (U1) to carry out the operation of the following mathematical formula:
DT＝|H0-H1|；
step a6, the computed DT value is used as a return value of the bidirectional sampling operation and returned to the caller;
the single chip microcomputer (U1) has the following functions of interruption test operation: the interruption test operation is used for judging whether the photosensitive device (RJ) is abnormal or not and judging whether the photosensitive device (RJ) is interrupted or not;
the flow of the occlusion test operation is specifically as follows:
step b0, setting the value of i to zero;
step b1, turning off the LED lamp (D11);
b2, executing a bidirectional sampling operation process, assigning a value returned by the bidirectional sampling operation process to a variable NT, wherein the parameter is the value of i;
b3, judging whether the value of NT is in the error allowable range, if the value of NT is less than the allowable error threshold, the test requirement is met, then executing step b 4; if the value of NT is larger than or equal to the allowable error threshold value, returning a test conclusion of 'abnormal', and ending the interruption test operation;
step b4, lighting the LED lamp (D11);
b5, performing bidirectional sampling operation, wherein the parameter is the value of i, and assigning the value returned by the bidirectional sampling operation process to the variable NT;
b6, judging whether the value of NT is in the error allowable range, if the value of NT is less than the allowable error threshold, executing step b 7; if the value of NT is larger than or equal to the allowable error threshold value, returning the result of the interruption test to 'interrupted', and ending the operation of the interruption test;
step b7, adding 1 to the value of i;
b8, judging whether i is equal to y, if i is equal to y, returning the result of the interruption test operation to 'normal'; if i < y, go to step b 1;
the single chip microcomputer (U1) has the following main flow:
step e1, calling an interruption test operation flow;
step e2, judging the test conclusion return value of the interruption test operation flow: if the return value of the test conclusion is intercepted, outputting a signal representing 'intercepted' to the outside, and ending the cyclic calling process; if the return value of the test conclusion is normal, the circulation calling process is ended; if the return value of the test conclusion is abnormal, outputting a signal representing 'abnormal' to the outside, and ending the cyclic calling process;
the surface of the light-sensitive device (RJ) is provided with a light filter (LGP) for filtering the interfering light in the environment.
2. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the model of the single chip microcomputer (U1) is PIC18F24K 22.
3. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the whole circuit is integrally packaged, so that the module calling is facilitated.
4. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the way of externally outputting the signal representing 'blocked' is to sound an audible alarm.
5. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light emitted from the LED lamp (D11) is infrared light.
6. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer (U1) is also provided with a signal output special number I/O pin which is used for outputting signals representing 'interrupted' to the outside.
7. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and integrally packaging the whole circuit, wherein the packaging mode is bonding.
8. A smart sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer (U1) is also provided with a radiating fin for radiating heat for the single chip microcomputer.
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| CN202010688492.3A CN111795711B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Intelligent sensor |
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| CN202010688492.3A CN111795711B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Intelligent sensor |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2550653C3 (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1978-12-21 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch | Rotating beam light curtain |
| JP3830121B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2006-10-04 | 株式会社 ニューコム | Optical unit for object detection and position coordinate input device using the same |
| CN101655566B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2013-02-20 | 江苏汉武智能科技有限公司 | Regional detection light curtain and detection method thereof |
| CN201845089U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-05-25 | 上海兰宝传感器有限公司 | Light curtain sensor |
| CN201970142U (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2011-09-14 | 毛振刚 | Safety protection device for machine tool |
| DE102014101773A1 (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2015-08-13 | Etw Wollmershäuser Gmbh | Light grid element, as well as basic body for this, with facilitated cleanability and increased resistance to external influences |
| AU2014402771B2 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2020-01-16 | Perceptimed, Inc. | Pill speed and position sensor |
| CN205720722U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | 比业电子（北京）有限公司 | A kind of infrared light curtain sensing device |
| CN208088897U (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-11-13 | 河北金能电力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electric pole construction mask |
| CN109557597B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-10-09 | 上海兰宝传感科技股份有限公司 | Photoelectric sensor for mechanical operation safety |
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