CN111795137A

CN111795137A - Speed changer

Info

Publication number: CN111795137A
Application number: CN202010694409.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张伟男; 谷鸣宇; 赫建勇; 赵军; 时有付; 王庆伟; 王东; 陈中民
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-17
Filing date: 2020-07-17
Publication date: 2020-10-20

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle transmissions, and discloses a transmission. The transmission comprises a rear shell, an output shaft, a plurality of gear shifting gears, a front shell and a transmission shaft. The outer side of the rear shell is also provided with a first bearing cover, a first bearing hole of the rear shell is provided with a first oil receiving seat, the rear shell is provided with a first oil inlet hole, the inner wall of the first bearing hole is also provided with a first oil return groove, and the first bearing cover is provided with two grooves; a second oil inlet hole is formed in the spoke of the gear shifting gear, and an oil passing groove is formed in the end part of the gear shifting gear; a second bearing cover is further arranged on the outer side of the front shell, a second oil receiving seat is arranged on the inner wall of a second bearing hole of the front shell, a third oil inlet hole is formed in the front shell, a second oil return groove is further formed in the inner wall of the second bearing hole, and two grooves are formed in the second bearing cover; the transmission shaft is provided with normally meshed gear, and normally meshed gear is provided with the hole, is provided with the fourth inlet port on the root circle of normally meshed gear, is provided with the oil gallery on the inner wall of hole.

Description

Speed changer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle transmissions, in particular to a transmission.

Background

At present, lubricating oil needs to be injected into a gearbox in the using process of the gearbox, the lubricating oil in the gearbox is stirred through a gear, the lubricating oil is splashed to lubricate all parts in the gearbox, and the lubricating especially plays a key role in the service life of the gear and a bearing. The reasonable selection and design of the lubricating method, the lubricating system and the lubricating device have very important significance for reducing the friction resistance, reducing the surface wear and maintaining the oil temperature, ensuring the transmission to have good lubricating condition and working performance, ensuring the high-efficiency operation of the transmission and prolonging the service life.

In the prior art, when the transmission shaft is assembled with the gear or the shell through the bearing, because the bearing is tightly attached to the gear and the bearing is tightly attached to the shell, lubricating oil is difficult to enter the bearing and the gear, and the bearing and the gear are not lubricated in place, so that the transmission assembly is overheated, the mechanism is sintered, and the service life of the transmission is shortened.

Based on this, a transmission is needed to solve the existing problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, the present invention provides a transmission, which can lubricate each bearing, a shift gear and a constant mesh gear in the transmission, ensure the high-efficiency operation of the transmission, and prolong the service life of the transmission.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a transmission, comprising:

the output shaft is mounted on a first bearing hole of the rear shell through a first cylindrical roller bearing, a first bearing cover is further arranged on the outer side of the rear shell, a first oil receiving seat is arranged on the inner wall of the first bearing hole, a first oil inlet hole communicated with the first oil receiving seat is formed in the rear shell, a first oil return groove is further formed in the inner wall of the first bearing hole, and two grooves matched with the first oil inlet hole and the first oil return groove are formed in the first bearing cover;

the shifting gears are arranged on the output shaft at intervals, a needle bearing is arranged between the output shaft and the shifting gears, a spoke of each shifting gear is provided with a second oil inlet hole, the second oil inlet hole is communicated with the needle bearing, and the end part of each shifting gear is provided with an oil passing groove;

the transmission shaft is mounted on a second bearing hole of the front shell through a second cylindrical roller bearing, a second bearing cover is further arranged on the outer side of the front shell, a second oil receiving seat is arranged on the inner wall of the second bearing hole, a third oil inlet hole communicated with the second oil receiving seat is formed in the front shell, a second oil return groove is further formed in the inner wall of the second bearing hole, and two grooves respectively matched with the third oil inlet hole and the second oil return groove are formed in the second bearing cover;

the transmission shaft is close to output shaft one end is provided with constant mesh gear, constant mesh gear is provided with the hole, the output shaft through do not have outer lane roller bearing install in the hole, be provided with the fourth inlet port on the root circle of constant mesh gear, be provided with the oil gallery on the inner wall of hole.

As a preferred technical scheme of the transmission, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to a motor spindle, an involute spline is arranged on the side wall of the transmission shaft close to one end of the motor spindle, and a positioning boss is arranged on the end face of the transmission shaft; the motor spindle be provided with the spread groove that the involute spline matches, the diapire of spread groove be provided with the locating hole that the boss matches is fixed a position, the transmission shaft passes through involute spline connect in motor spindle, just the boss of fixing a position install in the locating hole.

As a preferable technical scheme of the transmission, a first sealing ring is further arranged between the transmission shaft and the connecting groove.

As a preferred technical scheme of the transmission, the transmission further comprises a gear shifting device, wherein the gear shifting device comprises a single fork shaft, a bushing, a shifting block, a first-gear shifting fork assembly, a second-gear shifting fork assembly and a third-fourth-gear shifting fork assembly, one end of the single fork shaft is slidably mounted in a fork shaft hole of the front shell through the bushing, and the other end of the single fork shaft is slidably mounted in a fork shaft hole of the rear shell through the bushing; the second-gear shifting fork assembly is sleeved and fixed on the single fork shaft, the third-fourth-gear shifting fork assembly is slidably mounted on the single fork shaft, and the shifting head can selectively drive the second-gear shifting fork assembly or the third-fourth-gear shifting fork assembly to adjust the gears of the transmission.

As a preferable technical solution of the transmission, the shift gears include a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are sequentially mounted on the output shaft;

the first-gear shifting fork assembly and the second-gear shifting fork assembly are arranged on the output shaft and located between the first-gear and the second-gear, the first-gear and the second-gear synchronizer are fixed on the single fork shaft through the split elastic pin, and the first-gear and the second-gear shifting forks can shift the first-gear and the second-gear synchronizers to the first-gear or the second-gear in the direction of the first-gear and the second-gear.

As a preferred technical scheme of derailleur, three fourth gear fork assembly includes three fourth gear shift forks, compound bush and three fourth gear synchronous ware, three fourth gear synchronous ware install in on the output shaft and be located third gear or between the constant mesh gear, three fourth gear shift forks pass through compound bush slidable mounting in on the simple fork axle, three fourth gear shift forks can stir three fourth gear synchronous ware to third gear or the constant mesh gear direction removes.

As a preferred technical scheme of derailleur, gearshift still includes T type interlocking board, the outer wall is provided with the track on the backshell, the track below is provided with the through-hole, but T type interlocking board slidable mounting in on the track, T type interlocking board wears to locate the through-hole and optional joint are located a second gear fork assembly or third and fourth gear fork assembly.

The transmission further comprises an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is positioned on one side of the transmission shaft and the output shaft, and the transmission shaft drives the output shaft to rotate through the intermediate shaft.

As a preferred technical scheme of the transmission, a first gear transmission gear, a second gear transmission gear, a third gear transmission gear and a fourth gear transmission gear are arranged on the intermediate shaft, the first gear transmission gear, the second gear transmission gear and the intermediate shaft are integrally cast, the third gear transmission gear and the fourth gear transmission gear are duplicate gears, and the duplicate gears are sleeved and fixed on the intermediate shaft.

As a preferred technical scheme of the transmission, the transmission further comprises a magnet and a flange bolt, a T-shaped mounting hole is formed in the rear shell, the magnet is mounted in the T-shaped mounting hole, the flange bolt is mounted on the rear shell, and a flange surface of the flange bolt abuts against the magnet.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

this derailleur can lubricate first cylindrical roller bearing, and lubricating oil in the derailleur splashes to first oil receiving seat through the gear stirring, then lubricating oil enters into first cylindrical roller bearing tail end through the recess of first inlet port and first bearing cap, and at last lubricating oil has realized the lubrication to first cylindrical roller bearing in the first oil return groove backward flow to the derailleur under first cylindrical roller bearing's rotation.

The speed changer can lubricate the needle roller bearing, splashed lubricating oil enters the needle roller bearing through the second oil inlet hole and lubricates the needle roller bearing, and then is thrown out of the speed changer through the oil passing groove at the end part of the gear shifting gear.

In a similar way, the transmission can lubricate the second cylindrical roller bearing, lubricating oil in the transmission splashes to the second oil receiving seat through gear stirring, then enters the tail end of the second cylindrical roller bearing through the third oil inlet hole and the groove of the second bearing cover, and finally flows back to the transmission through the second oil return groove under the rotation of the second cylindrical roller bearing, so that the second cylindrical roller bearing is lubricated.

The transmission can also lubricate the outer-ring-free roller bearing, and in the rotating process of the normally meshed gear, lubricating oil flows into the outer-ring-free roller bearing through the fourth oil inlet hole and lubricates the outer-ring-free roller bearing when the gear is meshed, and finally flows back into the transmission through the oil return hole.

By means of the structure, lubrication of each bearing, the gear shifting gear and the normally meshed gear in the transmission is achieved, in the rotating process of the transmission shaft and the output shaft, the lubricating oil circularly flows between the bearings and the gears, the bearings, the gear shifting gear and the normally meshed gear are fully lubricated, efficient operation of the transmission is guaranteed, and the service life of the transmission is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear housing provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a shift gear provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a propeller shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a first direction shifter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second direction shifter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

The figures are labeled as follows:

10. a rear housing; 101. a first bearing bore; 102. a first oil receiving seat; 103. a first oil inlet hole; 104. a first oil return groove; 105. a T-shaped mounting hole; 106. a track; 107. a first mounting location; 108. a second mounting location; 109. a third mounting position;

20. an output shaft; 30. a first cylindrical roller bearing; 40. a first bearing cover;

50. a shift gear; 501. a first gear; 502. a second gear; 503. a third gear; 5011. a second oil inlet hole; 5012. an oil passing groove;

60. a needle bearing; 70. a front housing;

80. a drive shaft; 801. a constant mesh gear; 8011. a fourth oil inlet hole; 8012. an oil return hole; 8013. an involute spline; 8014. positioning the boss;

90. a second cylindrical roller bearing;

100. a second bearing cover; 110. a motor spindle; 1101. a first seal ring; 120. a motor connecting plate; 130. a coupling bolt;

140. a shifting device; 1401. a single fork shaft; 1402. a bushing; 1403. a shifting block; 1404. a second gear fork assembly; 14041. a first and second shift fork; 140411, a first notch; 14042. a split spring pin; 14043. a second gear synchronizer; 1405. a third and fourth gear fork assembly; 14051. a third and fourth gear shifting fork; 140511, a second gap; 14052. a composite bushing; 14053. a third gear synchronizer and a fourth gear synchronizer; 1406. a T-shaped interlocking plate; 14061. a limiting boss; 1407. a self-locking spring assembly;

150. an intermediate shaft; 1501. a first gear transmission gear; 1502. a second gear transmission gear; 1503. a third gear transmission gear; 1504. a fourth gear transmission gear;

160. a magnet; 170. a flange bolt; 180. an output flange; 190. a second seal ring; 200. a dust cover; 210. a rotational speed sensor; 220. a counting wheel; 230. an oil temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

In the prior art, the transmission shaft is assembled with the gear or the shell through the bearing, and because the bearing and the gear and the bearing and the shell are tightly attached, lubricating oil is difficult to enter the bearing and the gear, and the bearing and the gear are not lubricated in place, so that the transmission assembly is overheated, the mechanism is sintered, and the service life of the transmission is shortened.

To solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a transmission including a rear case 10, a front case 70, an output shaft 20, an intermediate shaft 150, a transmission shaft 80, a plurality of shift gears 50, and a shifting device 140.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the output shaft 20 is mounted on a first bearing hole 101 of the rear shell 10 through a first cylindrical roller bearing 30, a first bearing cover 40 is further disposed on the outer side of the rear shell 10, a first oil receiving seat 102 is disposed on the inner wall of the first bearing hole 101, a first oil inlet 103 communicated with the first oil receiving seat 102 is disposed on the rear shell 10, a first oil return groove 104 is further disposed on the inner wall of the first bearing hole 101, and two grooves respectively matched with the first oil inlet 103 and the first oil return groove 104 are disposed on the first bearing cover 40; this derailleur can lubricate first cylindrical roller bearing 30, and lubricating oil in the derailleur splashes to first oil receiving seat 102 through the gear stirring, and then lubricating oil enters into first cylindrical roller bearing 30 tail end through the recess of first inlet port 103 and first bearing cover 40, and finally lubricating oil has realized the lubrication to first cylindrical roller bearing 30 in the first oil return groove 104 backward flow to the derailleur under first cylindrical roller bearing 30's rotation. Preferably, the central position of the first oil return groove 104 is at an angle a of 10 degrees or more and 35 degrees or less in the vertical direction relative to the center of the output shaft 20, and the angle range can ensure that the storage amount of the lubricating oil in the first cylindrical roller bearing 30 is moderate, so as to achieve the optimal lubricating effect.

The plurality of shift gears 50 are mounted on the output shaft 20 at intervals, specifically, the shift gears 50 include a first gear 501, a second gear 502 and a third gear 503 which are sequentially mounted on the output shaft 20, a needle bearing 60 is disposed between the output shaft 20 and the shift gears 50, and second oil inlets 5011 are disposed on spokes of the shift gears 50, preferably, the number of the second oil inlets 5011 is 4-6, and the second oil inlets are circumferentially disposed on the spokes along the axis of the shift gears 50. The second oil inlet hole 5011 communicates with the needle bearing 60, and the end of the shift gear 50 is provided with an oil passing groove 5012. The transmission is capable of lubricating the needle roller bearing 60, and the splashed lubricating oil enters and lubricates the needle roller bearing 60 through the second oil inlet hole 5011 and is then thrown out into the transmission through the oil passing groove 5012 at the end of the shift gear 50.

The transmission shaft 80 is installed on a second bearing hole of the front shell 70 through a second cylindrical roller bearing 90, a second bearing cover 100 is further arranged on the outer side of the front shell 70, a second oil receiving seat is arranged on the inner wall of the second bearing hole, a third oil inlet hole communicated with the second oil receiving seat is formed in the front shell 70, a second oil return groove is further formed in the inner wall of the second bearing hole, and two grooves respectively matched with the third oil inlet hole and the second oil return groove are formed in the second bearing cover 100. In a similar way, the transmission can lubricate the second cylindrical roller bearing 90, lubricating oil in the transmission splashes to the second oil receiving seat through gear stirring, enters the second cylindrical roller bearing 90 through the third oil inlet hole and lubricates the second cylindrical roller bearing, and finally, in the rotating process of the output shaft 20, the lubricating oil reflows to the transmission through the second oil return groove, so that the second cylindrical roller bearing 90 is lubricated.

The end, close to the output shaft 20, of the transmission shaft 80 is provided with a normally meshed gear 801, the normally meshed gear 801 is provided with an inner hole, the output shaft 20 is mounted in the inner hole through a roller bearing without an outer ring, and a fourth oil inlet 8011 is arranged on a root circle of the normally meshed gear 801. Preferably, the number of the fourth oil inlet holes 8011 is 4 to 6, and is arranged on the root circle in the axial center circumference direction of the propeller shaft 80. An oil return hole 8012 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner hole. The transmission can also lubricate the outer-ring-free roller bearing, and in the rotating process of the normally meshed gear 801, lubricating oil flows into the outer-ring-free roller bearing through the fourth oil inlet hole 8011 and lubricates the outer-ring-free roller bearing when the gears are meshed, and finally flows back into the transmission through the oil return hole 8012.

The structure realizes the lubrication of each bearing, the gear shifting gear 50 and the normally meshed gear 801 in the transmission, realizes the circulation flow of lubricating oil between the bearings and the gears in the rotation process of the transmission shaft 80 and the output shaft 20, fully lubricates each bearing, the gear shifting gear 50 and the normally meshed gear 801, ensures the high-efficiency operation of the transmission, and prolongs the service life of the transmission.

Further, one end of the transmission shaft 80 is connected to the output shaft 20, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the motor spindle 110, the transmission shaft 80, the motor spindle 110 and the output shaft 20 are coaxially arranged, an involute spline 8013 is arranged on the side wall of the transmission shaft 80 close to one end of the motor spindle 110, and a positioning boss 8014 is arranged on the end face of the transmission shaft 80; motor spindle 110 is provided with the spread groove that matches with involute spline 8013, and the diapire of spread groove is provided with the locating hole that matches with location boss 8014, and transmission shaft 80 connects in motor spindle 110 through involute spline 8013, makes the moment of torsion transmission between motor spindle 110 and the transmission shaft 80 steady, and location boss 8014 is installed in the locating hole, realizes that motor spindle 110 realizes radial positioning under the condition that motor connecting plate 120 does not have the tang. Preferably, a first sealing ring 1101 is further disposed between the transmission shaft 80 and the connecting groove, and the first sealing ring 1101 is used for sealing the lubricating medium pre-coated at the position of the involute spline 8013 when the motor spindle 110 is mounted. Preferably, the end of the output shaft 20 away from the transmission shaft 80 is also provided with a spline and a second sealing ring 190, the output shaft 20 is connected with the output flange 180 through the spline to enable torque transmission to be smooth, and the second sealing ring 190 is located between the output flange 180 and the output shaft 20 to prevent the lubricating medium at the spline connection part of the output shaft 20 from flowing out. The dust cover 200 is disposed on the output flange 180, and is used to prevent dust from entering the oil seal portion of the first bearing cover 40, and to improve the service life of the oil seal of the first bearing cover 40.

Further preferably, the front shell 70 and the rear shell 10 of the transmission are detachably connected through the coupling bolt 130, after the motor connecting plate 120 is subsequently installed, the coupling bolt 130 can be hidden in a cavity formed by the motor connecting plate 120 and the front shell 70, the attractiveness of the transmission is improved, and the joint surface of the front shell 70 and the rear shell 10 is arranged at the front end of the transmission by 30mm-50mm, so that the volume of the transmission is reduced. Be provided with the through-hole that matches with second bearing cover 100 on the motor connecting plate 120, in motor connecting plate 120 installation, the outer wall and the through-hole cooperation equipment of second bearing cover 100 can carry out radial positioning to motor connecting plate 120. Preferably, oil seals are provided on both the first bearing cover 40 and the second bearing cover 100 for preventing the outflow of lubricating oil inside the transmission. Further preferably, a rotation speed sensor 210 is disposed in the first bearing cover 40, a counting wheel 220 is disposed on the output shaft 20, and the rotation speed sensor 210 is connected to the counting wheel 220 to dynamically monitor the rotation speed of the output shaft 20. The number of teeth of the counting wheel 220 is 8-20, the processing is convenient, and the precision meets the use requirement.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a gear shifting device 140 is located above the transmission shaft 80 and the output shaft 20, and is used for realizing gear shifting of the transmission, the gear shifting device 140 includes a single fork 1401, a bushing 1402, a dial 1403, a first-gear fork assembly 1404 and a third-fourth fork assembly 1405, the single fork 1401 is slidably mounted in a fork shaft hole of the front housing 70 through the bushing 1402 at one end, and is slidably mounted in a fork shaft hole of the rear housing 10 through the bushing 1402 at the other end; a second gear fork component 1404 is sleeved and fixed on the single fork shaft 1401, a third and fourth gear fork component 1405 can be slidably installed on the single fork shaft 1401, and a dial 1403 can selectively drive the second gear fork component 1404 or the third and fourth gear fork component 1405 so as to adjust the gear of the transmission. Preferably, the top of the rear housing 10 is provided with a first mounting position 107, the electric control actuator is mounted on the first mounting position 107, and the dial 1403 is mounted on the electric control actuator. Preferably, in order to prevent the single-forked shaft 1401 from being influenced by the gas vortex pressure in the fork shaft hole during the sliding process, an exhaust hole is further arranged in the fork shaft hole to facilitate the sliding of the single-forked shaft 1401 in the fork shaft hole.

Further, the first and second shift fork assembly 1404 includes a first and second shift fork 14041, a split elastic pin 14042 and a first and second synchronizer 14043, the first and second synchronizer 14043 is installed on the output shaft 20 and is located between the first gear 501 and the second gear 502, the first and second shift fork 14041 is fixed on the single fork shaft 1401 through the split elastic pin 14042, and the first and second shift fork 14041 can shift the first and second synchronizer 14043 to move towards the first gear 501 or the second gear 502, so as to realize the shifting of the first gear or the second gear of the transmission. The third and fourth gear fork assembly 1405 comprises a third and fourth gear fork 14051, a composite bushing 14052 and a third and fourth gear synchronizer 14053, wherein the third and fourth gear synchronizer 14053 is installed on the output shaft 20 and is located between the third gear 503 and the fourth gear, the third and fourth gear fork 14051 is slidably installed on the single fork 1401 through the composite bushing 14052, and the third and fourth gear fork 14051 can shift the third and fourth gear synchronizer 14053 to move towards the third gear 503 or the constantly meshed gear 801, so as to realize the shift of the third gear or the fourth gear of the transmission.

Preferably, the shifting device 140 further comprises a T-shaped interlocking plate 1406, the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 is located above the first-gear shift fork 14041 and the third-gear shift fork 14051, the outer wall of the rear housing 10 is provided with a rail 106, the direction of the rail 106 is the same as the vertical direction of the axis of the single fork 1401, a through hole is arranged below the rail 106, the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 is slidably mounted on the rail 106, the bottom of the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 is provided with two limit bosses 14061 at intervals, the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 is provided with an opening, the dial 1403 is mounted in the opening and located between the two limit bosses 14061, the first notch 140411 matched with the limit bosses 14061 is arranged on the first-gear shift fork 14041, the third-gear shift fork 14051 is provided with a self-locking insert, the self-locking insert is provided with a second notch 140511 matched with the limit bosses 14061, the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 is arranged in the through hole and selectively clamped to the first-gear shift fork 1404 or the third, thus realizing gear interlocking.

In operation, the toggle 1403 can drive the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 to move along the vertical direction of the axis of the single-fork shaft 1401, so that the limit boss 14061 of the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 can be selectively clamped in the first notch 140411 or the second notch 140511 to lock the first and second shift fork 14041 or the third and fourth shift fork 14051. When the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 locks a second-gear shift fork 14041, the rotation of the shift 1403 can drive the third-fourth-gear shift fork 14051 to slide on the single fork shaft 1401, so that the third-fourth-gear synchronizer 14053 can realize the switching of the third gear or the fourth gear; when the T-shaped interlocking plate 1406 locks the third and fourth shift forks 14051, the rotation of the shift 1403 can drive the first and second shift forks 14041 and the single fork 1401 to slide in the fork shaft holes, so that the first and second synchronizers 14043 can realize the switching of the first gear or the second gear. It should be noted that the manner in which the first-gear synchronizer 14043 and the third-gear synchronizer 14053 implement shifting is a common technical means in the art, and will not be described herein again.

Preferably, the shifting apparatus 140 further comprises two self-locking spring assemblies 1407, the two self-locking spring assemblies 1407 being capable of self-locking the first and second shift forks 14041 and the third and fourth shift forks 14051, respectively. The self-locking spring component 1407 comprises a bolt, a spring and a steel ball, a cavity is arranged at the bottom of the bolt, the spring and the steel ball are sequentially arranged on the cavity, a first-gear shifting fork 14041 and a second-gear shifting fork 14051 are respectively provided with a self-locking plate, three positioning grooves are formed in the self-locking plates, the bolt is arranged on the rear shell 10, the steel ball is abutted to the middle positioning grooves, when the first-gear shifting fork 14041 or the third-fourth shifting fork 14051 moves, the steel ball moves towards the cavity direction by overcoming the action force of the spring, when the first-gear shifting fork 14041 or the third-fourth shifting fork 14051 moves to a preset position, the steel ball is abutted to the corresponding positioning grooves again under the action force of the spring, and self-locking of the first-.

Further, an intermediate shaft 150 is located on one side of the transmission shaft 80 and the output shaft 20, and the transmission shaft 80 drives the output shaft 20 to rotate through the intermediate shaft 150. The intermediate shaft 150 is provided with a first-gear transmission gear 1501, a second-gear transmission gear 1502, a third-gear transmission gear 1503 and a fourth-gear transmission gear 1504, the first-gear transmission gear 1501 is connected to the first-gear 501, the second-gear transmission gear 1502 is connected to the second-gear 502, the third-gear transmission gear 1503 is connected to the third-gear 503, the fourth-gear transmission gear 1504 is connected to the normally meshed gear 801, the first-gear transmission gear 1501, the second-gear transmission gear 1502 and the intermediate shaft 150 are integrally cast and formed, the third-gear transmission gear 1503 and the fourth-gear transmission gear 1504 are duplicate gears, and the duplicate gears are sleeved and fixed on the intermediate shaft 150 through interference fit, so that the purpose of further reducing parts is achieved.

Preferably, the present embodiment further includes a partial power takeoff, the second mounting location 108 is disposed at the bottom outside of the rear housing 10, and the partial power takeoff is mounted on the second mounting location 108, in the present embodiment, a gear of the partial power takeoff is engaged with the third-gear transmission gear 1503 of the intermediate shaft 150, and transmits power to a partial output flange, thereby implementing a power takeoff process.

Preferably, the present embodiment further includes an oil temperature sensor 230, the bottom of the rear housing 10 is further provided with a third mounting location 109, and the oil temperature sensor 230 is mounted on the third mounting location 109 to realize the oil temperature of the lubricating oil in the transmission.

Further preferably, in order to ensure the cleanliness of the lubricating oil, a T-shaped mounting hole 105 is formed in the rear case 10, the magnet 160 is mounted in the T-shaped mounting hole 105, the flange bolt 170 is mounted on the rear case 10, and the flange surface of the flange bolt 170 abuts against the side surface of the magnet 160, thereby limiting the position of the magnet 160. The magnet 160 solves the problems that the magnet 160 is difficult to arrange in the traditional aluminum shell transmission, and the lubricating oil is polluted by iron cutting due to long-time operation, and the cleaning of the lubricating oil is realized.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transmission, comprising:

the rear shell structure comprises a rear shell (10) and an output shaft (20), wherein the output shaft (20) is installed on a first bearing hole (101) of the rear shell (10) through a first cylindrical roller bearing (30), a first bearing cover (40) is further arranged on the outer side of the rear shell (10), a first oil receiving seat (102) is arranged on the inner wall of the first bearing hole (101), a first oil inlet hole (103) communicated with the first oil receiving seat (102) is formed in the rear shell (10), a first oil return groove (104) is further formed in the inner wall of the first bearing hole (101), and two grooves respectively matched with the first oil inlet hole (103) and the first oil return groove (104) are formed in the first bearing cover (40);

a plurality of shift gears (50) which are arranged on the output shaft (20) at intervals, a needle bearing (60) is arranged between the output shaft (20) and the shift gears (50), a second oil inlet hole (5011) is arranged on a spoke of each shift gear (50), the second oil inlet hole (5011) is communicated with the needle bearing (60), and an oil through groove (5012) is arranged at the end part of each shift gear (50);

the transmission shaft (80) is mounted on a second bearing hole of the front shell (70) through a second cylindrical roller bearing (90), a second bearing cover (100) is further arranged on the outer side of the front shell (70), a second oil receiving seat is arranged on the inner wall of the second bearing hole, a third oil inlet hole communicated with the second oil receiving seat is formed in the front shell (70), a second oil return groove is further formed in the inner wall of the second bearing hole, and two grooves respectively matched with the third oil inlet hole and the second oil return groove are formed in the second bearing cover (100);

the transmission shaft (80) is close to output shaft (20) one end is provided with constant mesh gear (801), constant mesh gear (801) is provided with the hole, output shaft (20) through no outer lane roller bearing install in the hole, be provided with fourth inlet port (8011) on the dedendum circle of constant mesh gear (801), be provided with oil gallery (8012) on the inner wall of hole.

2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein one end of the transmission shaft (80) is connected to the output shaft (20), the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the motor spindle (110), an involute spline (8013) is arranged on the side wall of the transmission shaft (80) close to one end of the motor spindle (110), and a positioning boss (8014) is arranged on the end face of the transmission shaft (80); motor spindle (110) be provided with the spread groove that involute spline (8013) matches, the diapire of spread groove be provided with the locating hole that location boss (8014) matches, transmission shaft (80) are through involute spline (8013) connect in motor spindle (110), just location boss (8014) install in the locating hole.

3. The transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that a first sealing ring (1101) is further arranged between the transmission shaft (80) and the connecting groove.

4. The transmission of claim 1, further comprising a gear shifting device (140), wherein the gear shifting device (140) comprises a single fork shaft (1401), a bushing (1402), a shifting block (1403), a two-gear fork assembly (1404) and a three-four-gear fork assembly (1405), one end of the single fork shaft (1401) is slidably mounted in the fork shaft hole of the front housing (70) through the bushing (1402), and the other end of the single fork shaft is slidably mounted in the fork shaft hole of the rear housing (10) through the bushing (1402); a second gear fork assembly (1404) cover is established and is fixed in on the single fork axle (1401), third fourth gear fork assembly (1405) slidable mounting in on the single fork axle (1401), shifting block (1403) can the selective drive a second gear fork assembly (1404) or third fourth gear fork assembly (1405) with adjust the derailleur gear.

5. The transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the shift gears (50) comprise a first gear (501), a second gear (502) and a third gear (503) mounted in sequence to the output shaft (20);

a second gear shift fork subassembly (1404) includes second gear shift fork (14041), split elastic pin (14042) and second gear synchronous ware (14043), install in a second gear synchronous ware (14043) on output shaft (20) and be located first gear (501) or between second gear (502), second gear shift fork (14041) pass through split elastic pin (14042) are fixed in on the monomial axle (1401), second gear shift fork (14041) can stir a second gear synchronous ware (14043) to first gear (501) or second gear (502) direction removes.

6. The transmission of claim 5, wherein the third and fourth shift fork assembly (1405) comprises a third and fourth shift fork (14051), a compound bushing (14052), and a third and fourth synchronizer (14053), the third and fourth synchronizer (14053) being mounted on the output shaft (20) between the third gear (503) or the normally meshed gear (801), the third and fourth shift fork (14051) being slidably mounted on the single-pinion shaft (1401) via the compound bushing (14052), the third and fourth shift fork (14051) being capable of shifting the third and fourth synchronizer (14053) in a direction toward the third gear (503) or the normally meshed gear (801).

7. The transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the shifting device (140) further comprises a T-shaped interlocking plate (1406), a rail (106) is arranged on the outer wall of the rear shell (10), a through hole is arranged below the rail (106), the T-shaped interlocking plate (1406) is slidably mounted on the rail (106), and the T-shaped interlocking plate (1406) is arranged through the through hole and selectively clamped on the first-gear fork assembly (1404) or the third-fourth fork assembly (1405).

8. The transmission of claim 1, further comprising an intermediate shaft (150), the intermediate shaft (150) being located on one side of the drive shaft (80) and the output shaft (20), the drive shaft (80) driving the output shaft (20) to rotate through the intermediate shaft (150).

9. The transmission of claim 8, characterized in that a first gear transmission gear (1501), a second gear transmission gear (1502), a third gear transmission gear (1503) and a fourth gear transmission gear (1504) are arranged on the intermediate shaft (150), the first gear transmission gear (1501), the second gear transmission gear (1502) and the intermediate shaft (150) are integrally cast, the third gear transmission gear (1503) and the fourth gear transmission gear (1504) are duplicate gears, and the duplicate gears are sleeved and fixed on the intermediate shaft (150).

10. The transmission of claim 1, further comprising a magnet (160) and a flange bolt (170), wherein a T-shaped mounting hole (105) is formed in the rear housing (10), the magnet (160) is mounted in the T-shaped mounting hole (105), the flange bolt (170) is mounted on the rear housing (10), and a flange surface of the flange bolt (170) abuts against the magnet (160).