CN113007332B - Lubricating and cooling system of transmission - Google Patents

Lubricating and cooling system of transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113007332B
CN113007332B CN202110208753.1A CN202110208753A CN113007332B CN 113007332 B CN113007332 B CN 113007332B CN 202110208753 A CN202110208753 A CN 202110208753A CN 113007332 B CN113007332 B CN 113007332B
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oil
rear cover
pump
transmission
bearing
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CN113007332A (en
Inventor
刘晓雷
严鉴铂
刘义
孙智金
王中龙
张海涛
殷崇一
杨林
徐世林
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Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0402—Cleaning of lubricants, e.g. filters or magnets
    • F16H57/0404—Lubricant filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/031—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by covers or lids for gearboxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0424—Lubricant guiding means in the wall of or integrated with the casing, e.g. grooves, channels, holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0435—Pressure control for supplying lubricant; Circuits or valves therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0441—Arrangements of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0456—Lubrication by injection; Injection nozzles or tubes therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0469—Bearings or seals
    • F16H57/0471—Bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02026—Connection of auxiliaries with a gear case; Mounting of auxiliaries on the gearbox
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions

Abstract

The invention provides a transmission lubricating and cooling system, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient lubrication, reduced service life of a transmission, higher oil leakage risk, inconvenience in installation, larger oil path loss and lower oil pump efficiency of the conventional transmission with a single-box three-intermediate-shaft structure. The system adopts pressure lubrication of an oil pump, realizes lubrication of lubricating points above the three-intermediate-shaft transmission in a mode of combining a shell oil duct and an oil pipe, and simultaneously reserves a strong cooling interface at the starting end of the oil duct and can be externally connected with a forced cooling system, so that the oil temperature of the transmission is controlled within a reasonable range, and the service lives of an oil product and the transmission are prolonged.

Description

Lubricating and cooling system of transmission
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of transmissions, and particularly relates to a transmission lubricating and cooling system.
Background
The 8-gear single-box three-intermediate-shaft overdrive transmission is a large-torque (larger than 2600N.m) three-intermediate-shaft transmission, adopts a single-box three-intermediate-shaft structure, has input torque of 3300Nm and a speed ratio range of 8.46-0.71, can realize large-torque transmission, and has a wide application range. However, lubrication is difficult for a three countershaft transmission. The three-intermediate-shaft transmission only has one intermediate shaft at the bottom due to the consideration of the arrangement of the whole vehicle operation gear shifting, the transmission efficiency and the temperature rise performance of the transmission, the intermediate shafts are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper part of the three-intermediate-shaft transmission, the upper gear and the bearing are difficult to lubricate fully through splashing lubrication due to the arrangement, meanwhile, the upper gear cannot stir oil through increasing the height of an oil pool, and the problems of too much oil adding amount, high transmission temperature rise and large efficiency loss can be caused due to the arrangement.
Chinese patent CN204647250U discloses a forced lubrication system for a three-countershaft transmission, which can realize forced lubrication of the three-countershaft transmission, but the lubrication method has the following problems: 1) the oil pump, the oil suction pipe and the lubricating pipeline are all arranged outside the transmission, in cold weather, the temperature of lubricating oil is too low due to an external oil circuit, the pressure of the oil pump is too high, the related shell of the transmission is damaged, the service life of the transmission is shortened, meanwhile, the reliability of an external connecting pipe is low, oil leakage is easy to occur, the environment is polluted, the efficiency of the oil pump is reduced, in addition, in the transportation and assembly processes, the collision phenomenon is easy to occur on the exposed oil pipe, and the oil leakage risk is increased; 2) when the oil temperature is too high, the lubricating oil mode cannot adapt to the oil temperature overheating working condition, so that the service life of the transmission is shortened; 3) the oil pump, the oil suction pipe and the lubricating pipeline are all arranged outside the transmission, and when the transmission is mounted and dismounted, the oil way is extremely inconvenient to mount and dismount, so that the oil pipe is easy to be mounted incompletely, and the oil pipe is interfered with an internal gear; 4) the oil pump, the oil suction pipe and the lubricating pipeline are all arranged outside the transmission, the path of the oil suction pipe is too long, and the oil pipe is complex in arrangement, so that the oil path loss is large, the oil pump efficiency is low, and the lubricating cost is high; 5) when the slope is steep, the pipeline of this kind of lubrication mode oil absorption is not enough, causes the lubrication function inefficacy easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient lubrication, reduced service life of a transmission, higher oil leakage risk, inconvenience in installation, higher oil path loss and lower oil pump efficiency of the conventional transmission with a single-box three-intermediate-shaft structure, and provides a transmission lubricating and cooling system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme;
a lubricating and cooling system of a transmission is used for lubricating and cooling a three-intermediate-shaft transmission and comprises an oil pump, an oil suction pipe, an oil pumping oil duct, a safety overflow valve, an oil pump flow guide valve, a hollow bolt, a rear cover main body oil duct, a transmission shell oil duct, an upper cover oil duct, a spray oil pipe, a clutch shell oil duct and a rear cover oil duct; the pump shaft of the oil pump is connected with the lower intermediate shaft, and the lower intermediate shaft is used for inputting power to the oil pump; the inlet of the oil pump is connected with the oil suction pipe, and the outlet of the oil pump is connected with the inlet of the oil pumping duct; the safety overflow valve is arranged on an outlet cavity of the oil pump and used for pressure relief; the oil pumping duct is arranged on the rear cover main body, an outlet of the oil pumping duct is connected with a cooling interface arranged on the rear cover main body through an axial oil duct and a radial oil duct arranged on the rear cover main body, and the cooling interface is connected with the oil duct of the rear cover main body through an oil pump diversion valve and a hollow bolt, or the cooling interface is connected with a cooling system pipeline to cool lubricating oil; the rear cover main body oil passage comprises a rear cover main body main oil passage, a rear cover main body auxiliary oil passage, a first connecting oil passage and a second connecting oil passage which are arranged on the rear cover main body; the rear cover main body main oil duct is connected with the cooling interface, an inlet of the rear cover main body auxiliary oil duct is connected with the rear cover main body main oil duct, an outlet of the rear cover main body auxiliary oil duct is used for lubricating a reverse gear intermediate wheel needle roller bearing, an intermediate shaft first gear pair and an intermediate shaft rear bearing, an inlet of the first connecting oil duct is connected with the rear cover main body main oil duct, an outlet of the first connecting oil duct is connected with a transmission shell oil duct, an inlet of the second connecting oil duct is connected with the rear cover main body main oil duct, and an outlet of the second connecting oil duct is connected with the rear cover main body main oil duct; the upper cover oil passage comprises a first upper cover oil passage, a second upper cover oil passage and an upper cover transition oil passage which are arranged on the upper cover; the first upper cover oil duct is connected with the transmission shell oil duct, and the second upper cover oil duct is connected with the upper cover transition oil duct; the oil spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of oil holes and is used for spraying and lubricating each gear pair of the intermediate shaft and the intermediate shaft intermediate support bearing; the upper cover transition oil duct is connected with a clutch shell oil duct through a transmission shell auxiliary oil duct arranged on a transmission shell, and lubricating oil in the clutch shell oil duct lubricates a front intermediate shaft bearing and a shaft bearing; and the rear cover oil duct is arranged on the rear cover and is used for lubricating an input bearing, an output shaft bearing, a retarder driving and driven gear pair and a retarder bearing of the power takeoff.
Furthermore, an outlet of the auxiliary oil passage of the rear cover main body is connected with a radial oil hole of a reverse gear intermediate wheel shaft, a central oil hole which is axially arranged is arranged in the reverse gear intermediate wheel shaft, and a first small oil hole and a second small oil hole are formed in the front end and the middle of the central oil hole and respectively lubricate a reverse gear intermediate wheel needle roller bearing and an intermediate shaft first gear pair.
Furthermore, the tail end of the central oil hole is provided with an opening plug, and the opening plug guides the lubricating oil to a radial oil groove of a bearing cover of the rear bearing of the intermediate shaft, so that the lubricating oil enters a bearing raceway gap.
Furthermore, an outlet of the rear cover oil duct is used for lubricating an input bearing of the power takeoff, an output shaft bearing, a retarder driving and driven gear pair and a retarder bearing through a rear cover auxiliary oil duct respectively, and lubricating oil after lubrication returns to the interior of the transmission.
Further, inhale oil pipe and arrange in derailleur casing bottom, and inhale and be provided with the oil filter on the oil pipe, the oil filter sets up the axial middle part position in the oil bath for steep slope homoenergetic is abundant to inhale oil about the derailleur, and can filter the impurity in the lubricating oil, simultaneously, be equipped with the bypass valve on the oil filter for guarantee after the filter screen blocks up that the oil pump can also normally inhale oil.
Further, the oil suction pipe and the oil filter are connected through threaded connection, interference connection or welding.
Furthermore, a pump shaft of the oil pump is matched with a flat groove on the lower intermediate shaft through a flat head, so that connection is realized.
Furthermore, the oil pump is a cycloid rotor pump, and a pump shaft of the cycloid rotor pump is respectively supported in a double mode through a pump shell and a pump cover, so that stable operation of the pump shaft is guaranteed, and the oil pump works reliably.
Furthermore, the number of the spraying oil pipes is 2, and the spraying oil pipes are positioned on two sides of the bottom of the upper cover.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects:
1. the lubricating and cooling system of the invention integrates a cooling function, lubricating oil can be connected with a cooling system pipeline through a cooling interface after passing through the oil pump, and the cooling system cools the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil meets the requirement of lubricating temperature, and the service lives of oil products and a transmission are prolonged better.
2. The lubricating and cooling system is arranged in the transmission, is internally provided with an overflow function, is not provided with any oil pipe outside, and is provided with each oil passage on the corresponding shell.
3. The lubricating and cooling system is arranged in the transmission, can be simultaneously installed with a shell of the transmission when the transmission is installed, and each oil duct is arranged on the corresponding shell, so that the installation is extremely convenient, and the risk of interference between an oil pipe and an internal gear due to improper installation of the oil pipe is avoided.
4. The oil suction pipe is arranged at the bottom of the transmission shell, the oil filter is arranged on the oil suction pipe and arranged in the middle of the axial direction of the oil pool, so that the transmission can fully suck oil from the upper steep slope and the lower steep slope, impurities can be filtered, and the efficiency of the pump and the lubricating effect of each friction pair can be improved.
5. The lubricating and cooling system is provided with the safety overflow valve, so that the pressure can be released from the safety overflow valve under the condition that the pressure of the main oil way is overlarge, and the safety of parts is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic drive diagram of a three countershaft overdrive transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of the installation of the safety relief valve of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of the oil pump and the oil suction pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic view of the installation of the oil pump diverter valve and the hollow bolt of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the oil passage of the main body of the rear cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic view of the oil passage connection of the front body of the rear cover body according to the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view of the oil passage of the upper cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the needle roller bearing of the reverse gear intermediate gear and the lubrication of the rear bearing of the intermediate shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the oil passage of the rear cover of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-clutch housing, 2-intermediate shaft front bearing, 3-intermediate shaft gear pairs, 4-transmission housing, 5-upper cover, 6-rear cover main body, 7-intermediate shaft rear bearing, 8-rear cover, 9-power takeoff input bearing, 10-output shaft bearing, 11-intermediate shaft intermediate support bearing, 12-retarder driving and driven gear pair, 13-oil pump, 14-oil suction pipe, 15-oil filter, 16-lower intermediate shaft, 17-one shaft bearing; 18-pump oil gallery, 19-safety relief valve, 20-oil pump pilot valve, 21-hollow bolt, 22-transmission case oil gallery, 23-shower oil pipe, 24-clutch case oil gallery, 25-rear cover oil gallery, 26-rear cover body oil gallery, 27-upper cover oil gallery, 28-rear cover auxiliary oil gallery, 29-transmission case auxiliary oil gallery, 30-axial oil gallery, 31-radial oil gallery, 32-cooling interface, 33-reverse gear idle shaft, 34-hole plug, 35-reverse gear idle wheel needle bearing, 251-bearing cover radial oil groove, 252-radial oil hole, 253-center oil hole, 254-first small oil hole, 255-second small oil hole, 261-rear cover body main oil gallery, 262-rear cover body auxiliary oil gallery, 263-first connecting oil gallery, 264-a second connecting oil passage, 271-a first upper cover oil passage, 272-a second upper cover oil passage, 273-an upper cover transition oil passage, 131-a pump shaft, 132-a pump shell and 133-a pump cover.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Aiming at the three-intermediate-shaft overdrive transmission, the invention provides a transmission lubricating and cooling system, which adopts oil pump pressure lubrication, realizes the lubrication of lubricating points above the three-intermediate-shaft transmission by combining a shell oil duct and an oil pipe, and simultaneously reserves a strong cooling interface at the starting end of the oil duct and can be externally connected with a forced cooling system, thereby controlling the oil temperature of the transmission within a reasonable range and prolonging the service life of oil products and the transmission.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-intermediate shaft overdrive transmission of the present invention is an 8-gear single-box three-intermediate shaft overdrive transmission, and comprises a four-stage support housing, which is sequentially provided with a clutch housing 1, a transmission housing 4, a rear cover main body 6 and a rear cover 8 from front to rear, the transmission housing 4, the rear cover main body 6 and the rear cover 8 are positioned by a positioning pin and connected by a bolt, an upper cover 5 is mounted above the transmission housing 4 by a bolt, a transmission member is provided in the four-stage support housing, the transmission member comprises a main shaft and three intermediate shafts, the three intermediate shafts are respectively a lower intermediate shaft 16 disposed below the transmission housing 4 and two upper intermediate shafts disposed on the left and right above the transmission housing 4, the main shaft and the three intermediate shafts are disposed in the transmission by a plurality of bearings, and a plurality of transmission gears are integrated on the main shaft and the three intermediate shafts, so that output with different transmission ratios is realized. Specifically, the bearings and gears in the transmission comprise a middle shaft front bearing 2, a middle shaft gear pair 3, a middle shaft rear bearing 7, a power takeoff input bearing 9, an output shaft bearing 10, a retarder driving and driven gear pair 12, a shaft bearing 17 and the like.
The sliding cooling system of the invention specifically realizes the lubrication and cooling of friction elements such as gears, bearings and the like above the three-intermediate-shaft transmission, and the lubrication parts comprise thirty or more lubrication points in total such as an intermediate-shaft rear bearing 7, a reverse gear idler needle roller bearing 35, an intermediate-shaft first-gear pair, intermediate-shaft gear pairs 3, intermediate-shaft intermediate support bearings 11, an intermediate-shaft front bearing 2, a shaft bearing 17, a power takeoff input bearing 9, an output shaft bearing 10, a retarder driving and driven gear pair 12, a retarder bearing and the like.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the lubricating and cooling system for the transmission of the present invention lubricates and cools a three-countershaft transmission, and includes an oil pump 13, an oil suction pipe 14, a pump oil gallery 18, a safety relief valve 19, an oil pump pilot valve 20, a hollow bolt 21, a rear cover main oil gallery 26, a transmission case oil gallery 22, an upper cover oil gallery 27, a shower oil pipe 23, a clutch case oil gallery 24, and a rear cover oil gallery 25. The oil pump 13 is positioned in the rear cover 8, a bearing cover of the oil pump 13 is integrally arranged with the rear cover main body 6, a pump shaft 131 of the oil pump 13 is connected with the lower intermediate shaft 16, and the lower intermediate shaft 16 is used for inputting power to the oil pump 13; the inlet of the oil pump 13 is connected with the oil suction pipe 14, and the outlet is connected with the inlet of the oil pumping duct 18; the safety overflow valve 19 is arranged on an outlet cavity of the oil pump 13 and used for pressure relief; the pumping oil duct 18 is arranged on the rear cover main body 6, an outlet of the pumping oil duct 18 is connected with a cooling interface 32 arranged on the rear cover main body 6 through an axial oil duct 30 and a radial oil duct 31 arranged on the rear cover main body 6, the cooling interface 32 is connected with the rear cover main body oil duct 26 through an oil pump diversion valve 20 and a hollow bolt 21, or the cooling interface 32 is connected with a cooling system pipeline to cool lubricating oil; the rear cover body oil passage 26 includes a rear cover body main oil passage 261, a rear cover body auxiliary oil passage 262, a first connecting oil passage 263, and a second connecting oil passage 264 provided on the rear cover body 6; the rear cover main oil passage 261 is connected with the cooling interface 32, the inlet of the rear cover main oil passage 262 is connected with the rear cover main oil passage 261, the outlet is used for lubricating the reverse gear intermediate wheel needle roller bearing 35, the intermediate shaft first gear pair and the intermediate shaft rear bearing 7, the inlet of the first connecting oil passage 263 is connected with the rear cover main oil passage 261, the outlet is connected with the transmission case oil passage 22, the inlet of the second connecting oil passage 264 is connected with the rear cover main oil passage 261, and the outlet is connected with the rear cover oil passage 25; the upper cover oil passages 27 include a first upper cover oil passage 271, a second upper cover oil passage 272, and an upper cover transition oil passage 273, which are provided on the upper cover 5; the first upper cover oil passage 271 is connected with the transmission case oil passage 22, and the second upper cover oil passage 272 is connected with the upper cover transition oil passage 273; the spray oil pipes 23 are arranged in the transmission housing 4 and are mounted at the bottom of the upper cover 5, the inlet of each spray oil pipe is connected with the first upper cover oil duct 271, the outlet of each spray oil pipe is connected with the second upper cover oil duct 272, and the spray oil pipes 23 are provided with a plurality of oil holes for performing spray lubrication on each gear pair 3 of the left and right intermediate shafts and the intermediate shaft intermediate support bearing 11; the upper cover transition oil passage 273 is connected with the clutch housing oil passage 24 through a transmission housing auxiliary oil passage 29 arranged on the transmission housing 4, and lubricating oil in the clutch housing oil passage 24 lubricates the front intermediate shaft bearing 2 and the first shaft bearing 17; and the rear cover oil passage 25 is arranged on the rear cover 8 and is used for lubricating the power takeoff input bearing 9, the output shaft bearing 10, the retarder driving and driven gear pair 12 and the retarder bearing. Specifically, the outlets of the rear cover oil ducts 25 lubricate the power takeoff input bearing 9, the output shaft bearing 10, the retarder driving and driven gear pair 12 and the retarder bearing through the rear cover auxiliary oil ducts 28, and the lubricated lubricating oil returns to the inside of the transmission.
As shown in fig. 5, an outlet of the rear cover main body auxiliary oil passage 262 is connected to a radial oil hole 252 of the reverse idler shaft 33, a central oil hole 253 is formed in the reverse idler shaft 33 and arranged along the axial direction, and a first small oil hole 254 and a second small oil hole 255 are formed in the front end and the middle of the central oil hole 253 to lubricate the reverse idler needle roller bearing 35 and the intermediate shaft first gear pair respectively. The end of the central oil hole 253 is mounted with a tapping plug 34, and the tapping plug 34 guides the lubricating oil to the bearing cover radial oil groove 251 of the intermediate shaft rear bearing 7 so that the lubricating oil enters the bearing raceway gap.
The specific lubrication process of the transmission lubrication cooling system of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the lubricating and cooling pressure oil of the present invention is from the oil pump 13, the oil pump 13 is a gerotor pump, the pump shaft 131 is driven by the lower intermediate shaft 16 to rotate, the pump shaft 131 is connected by the flat head and the flat groove on the lower intermediate shaft 16, the lower intermediate shaft 16 rotates clockwise (when viewed from the back to the front) under any working condition, so that the pressure oil can be continuously provided to the transmission; the bearing cover of the oil pump 13 is integrally arranged on the rear cover main body 6, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the axial space is saved; the oil pump 13 is provided with the safety overflow valve 19 at the left lower side of the oil outlet end, so that the pressure can be released through the safety overflow valve 19 under the condition that the pressure of a main oil way is overlarge, and the safety of parts is ensured; the pump shaft 131 is supported fore and aft on the pump casing 132 and the pump cover 133, and this dual support type ensures more reliable operation of the rotor. The oil pump 13 can specifically adopt a cycloid rotor pump, an oil suction pipe 14 is installed at the rear end of the cycloid rotor pump, the oil suction pipe 14 is arranged at the bottom of the transmission shell 4 and is connected with an oil filter 15 arranged in the middle of an oil pool of the transmission, the connection mode can be selected from various modes such as threaded connection, interference connection and welding, full oil suction on the upper steep slope and the lower steep slope of the transmission is guaranteed, impurities can be filtered, the efficiency of the pump and the lubricating effect of each friction pair can be improved, and meanwhile, a bypass valve is arranged on the oil filter and used for guaranteeing that the oil pump can normally suck oil after a filter screen is blocked.
As shown in fig. 5, lubricating oil can flow to the center oil hole 253 through the radial oil hole 252 via the rear cover main body auxiliary oil passage 262, and the first small oil hole 254 and the second small oil hole 255 are opened at the front portion and the middle portion of the center oil hole 253 to lubricate the reverse gear intermediate wheel needle roller bearing 35 and the intermediate shaft first gear pair, respectively; the rear end of the central oil hole 253 is provided with an opening plug 34 for leading lubricating oil to a bearing cover radial oil groove 251 of the intermediate shaft rear bearing 7, and the front end surface of the inner hole of the bearing cover is tightly combined with the inner ring of the bearing, so that the lubricating oil can only enter a bearing raceway gap.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, an oil suction pipe 14 and a pumping oil passage 18 are arranged on the oil pump 13, the end of the pumping oil passage 18 is connected with an axial oil passage 30 on the rear cover main body 6, pumped lubricating oil enters an oil pump diversion valve 20 and a hollow bolt 21 through a radial oil passage 31, if the forced cooling is not performed, the lubricating oil enters a rear cover main body oil passage 26 through an internal oil passage of the oil pump diversion valve 20 and the hollow bolt 21, if the forced cooling is performed, the oil pump diversion valve 20 and the hollow bolt 21 are removed, a forced cooling system pipeline is connected, and the cooled lubricating oil finally enters the rear cover main body oil passage 26; lubricating oil flows up from the rear cover main oil passage 26 to the bottom, a rear cover main oil passage 262 is provided in the rear cover main oil passage 261 according to the need for lubricating the upper reverse idler needle roller bearing 35 and the countershaft first-gear pair, and a first connecting oil passage 263 and a second connecting oil passage 264 are provided in the rear cover main oil passage 261, the first connecting oil passage 263 is connected to the transmission case oil passage 22, and the second connecting oil passage 264 is connected to the rear cover oil passage 25.
The lubricating mode is that the main oil passage and the lubricating branch oil passage are arranged on a single part, so that the transmission is compact in structure, the number of parts is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the lubrication is accurate and reliable.
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the dashed lines with arrows in fig. 4a are paths through which the lubricating oil flows to the main tank, and pass through the rear cover body 6, the upper cover 5, the transmission case 4, and the clutch case 1, respectively. Fig. 4b is a partial enlarged view of the oil passage connection between the housings, a first connecting oil passage 263 formed in the rear cover main body 6 is connected with the transmission housing oil passage 22, and the abutting surfaces of the oil passages are sealed by O-rings; the transmission case oil passage 22 is connected with the first upper cover oil passage 271, and is also sealed by an O-ring; when the upper cover 5 assembly is separately assembled, the spray oil pipe 23 can be assembled on the lower part of the upper cover 5, so that the second upper cover oil passage 272 at the front end is communicated with the first upper cover oil passage 271 at the rear end, the oil pipe is installed at the position, the structure is simple, and small oil holes can be formed in the oil pipe to perform spray lubrication on each gear pair 3 of the intermediate shaft and the intermediate shaft intermediate support bearing 11 of the main box. Subsequently, the upper cover transition oil passage 273 is connected to the clutch case oil passage 24 through the transmission case auxiliary oil passage 29 provided on the transmission case 4, and the lubricating oil can be input into the grooves of the clutch case 1 and the one-shaft bearing 17 cover through the small oil holes on the vertical oil passage, and the groove bottom of the groove is lower than the clutch case 1 or the one-shaft bearing 17 cover bearing shoulder, so that the lubricating oil can flow into the front end of the bearing through the groove bottom to form a partial oil pool at the bottom to lubricate the upper one-shaft bearing and the one-shaft bearing 17.
The oil ducts of different shells are connected in the lubricating mode through cross-joint surface oil duct butt joint and O-shaped ring end face sealing, and the assembly of the oil pipes is avoided as far as possible, so that the problems that the input and installation efficiency of the traditional oil pipes is low and the cost of parts is high are solved.
As shown in fig. 6, the lubricating oil enters the rear cover oil passage 25 through the rear oil outlet of the rear cover main body 6, and the interface is sealed by using an O-ring as well; the rear cover oil passage 25 extends to the rear end, and a plurality of rear cover sub oil passages 28 are provided in the rear cover oil passage 25. The rear cover auxiliary oil duct 28 sprays the power takeoff input bearing 9 by drilling a small inclined oil hole through the power takeoff bearing seat, and when the lubricating oil at the bottom of the power takeoff input bearing 9 reaches the height of an overflow groove, the lubricating oil flows back to the inside of the transmission, so that the lubricating oil flows up under the condition of pressure difference left and right; meanwhile, the rear cover auxiliary oil gallery 28 lubricates an output bearing of the transmission by drilling a small oblique oil hole on the output shaft bearing 10 seat; in addition, two oblique oil holes are formed in the rear cover auxiliary oil duct 28 to respectively lubricate the retarder driving and driven gear pair 12 and the retarder bearing.
According to the lubricating scheme of the rear cover 8 of the system, the oil passages which are communicated in all directions are arranged according to the specific structure of the shell, the path of the oil passages is short, compared with a metal oil pipe, the oil pipe does not need to be independently installed and fixed, the number of parts is small, the cost is low, the assembly efficiency of an assembly is not influenced, the arrangement basically does not influence the inner space of the box body, the length-diameter ratio of the tail end spraying oil hole is large, the lubricating guidance is good, and the lubrication is more accurate.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a derailleur lubrication and cooling system, realizes lubricating and cooling to three jackshaft derailleurs which characterized in that: the oil pump comprises an oil pump (13), an oil suction pipe (14), a pump oil channel (18), a safety overflow valve (19), an oil pump flow guide valve (20), a hollow bolt (21), a rear cover main oil channel (26), a transmission shell oil channel (22), an upper cover oil channel (27), a spray oil pipe (23), a clutch shell oil channel (24) and a rear cover oil channel (25);
the oil pump (13) is positioned in the rear cover (8), a pump shaft (131) of the oil pump (13) is connected with the lower intermediate shaft (16), and the lower intermediate shaft (16) is used for inputting power to the oil pump (13); the inlet of the oil pump (13) is connected with the oil suction pipe (14), and the outlet of the oil pump is connected with the inlet of the oil pumping channel (18); the safety overflow valve (19) is arranged on an outlet cavity of the oil pump (13) and used for pressure relief;
the oil pumping channel (18) is arranged on the rear cover main body (6), the outlet of the oil pumping channel is connected with a cooling interface (32) arranged on the rear cover main body (6) through an axial oil channel (30) and a radial oil channel (31) arranged on the rear cover main body (6), the cooling interface (32) is connected with the oil channel (26) of the rear cover main body through an oil pump flow guide valve (20) and a hollow bolt (21), or the cooling interface (32) is connected with a cooling system pipeline to cool lubricating oil;
the rear cover main body oil passage (26) comprises a rear cover main body main oil passage (261), a rear cover main body auxiliary oil passage (262), a first connecting oil passage (263) and a second connecting oil passage (264) which are arranged on the rear cover main body (6); the rear cover main oil channel (261) is connected with the cooling interface (32), the inlet of the rear cover main oil channel (262) is connected with the rear cover main oil channel (261), the outlet of the rear cover main oil channel is used for lubricating a reverse gear intermediate wheel needle roller bearing (35), an intermediate shaft first gear pair and an intermediate shaft rear bearing (7), the inlet of the first connecting oil channel (263) is connected with the rear cover main oil channel (261), the outlet of the first connecting oil channel is connected with the transmission shell oil channel (22), the inlet of the second connecting oil channel (264) is connected with the rear cover main oil channel (261), and the outlet of the second connecting oil channel is connected with the rear cover oil channel (25);
the upper cover oil passage (27) comprises a first upper cover oil passage (271), a second upper cover oil passage (272) and an upper cover transition oil passage (273) which are arranged on the upper cover (5); the first upper cover oil channel (271) is connected with the transmission shell oil channel (22), and the second upper cover oil channel (272) is connected with the upper cover transition oil channel (273); the plurality of spray oil pipes (23) are arranged in the transmission shell (4) and are mounted at the bottom of the upper cover (5), the inlets of the spray oil pipes are connected with the first upper cover oil duct (271), the outlets of the spray oil pipes are connected with the second upper cover oil duct (272), and the spray oil pipes (23) are provided with a plurality of oil holes for performing spray lubrication on each gear pair (3) of the intermediate shaft and the intermediate shaft intermediate support bearing (11);
the upper cover transition oil duct (273) is connected with a clutch housing oil duct (24) through a transmission housing auxiliary oil duct (29) arranged on the transmission housing (4), and lubricating oil in the clutch housing oil duct (24) lubricates a front intermediate shaft bearing (2) and a shaft bearing (17);
and the rear cover oil duct (25) is arranged on the rear cover (8) and is used for lubricating an input bearing (9) of the power takeoff, an output shaft bearing (10), a retarder driving and driven gear pair (12) and a retarder bearing.
2. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 1, wherein: an outlet of the rear cover main body auxiliary oil passage (262) is connected with a radial oil hole (252) of the reverse gear idler shaft (33), a central oil hole (253) which is axially arranged is formed in the reverse gear idler shaft (33), a first small oil hole (254) and a second small oil hole (255) are formed in the front end and the middle of the central oil hole (253) and respectively lubricate a reverse gear idler needle roller bearing (35) and a middle shaft first gear pair.
3. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 2, wherein: and an opening plug (34) is installed at the tail end of the central oil hole (253), and the opening plug (34) guides lubricating oil to a radial oil groove (251) of a bearing cover of the rear bearing (7) of the intermediate shaft, so that the lubricating oil enters a bearing raceway gap.
4. The transmission lubrication cooling system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: and an outlet of the rear cover oil duct (25) lubricates an input bearing (9) of the power takeoff, an output shaft bearing (10), a retarder driving and driven gear pair (12) and a retarder bearing through a rear cover auxiliary oil duct (28), and lubricated lubricating oil returns to the inside of the transmission.
5. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 4, wherein: inhale oil pipe (14) and arrange in derailleur casing (4) bottom, and inhale and be provided with oil filter (15) on oil pipe (14), oil filter (15) set up the axial middle part position in the oil bath for steep slope homoenergetic is fully inhaled from top to bottom to the derailleur, and can filter the impurity in the lubricating oil, simultaneously, be equipped with the bypass valve on oil filter (15) for guarantee after the filter screen blocks up that the oil pump can also normally inhale oil.
6. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 5, wherein: and a bypass valve is arranged on the oil filter (15) and used for ensuring that the oil pump can normally absorb oil after the filter screen is blocked.
7. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 6, wherein: the oil suction pipe (14) is connected with the oil filter (15) through thread coupling, interference coupling or welding.
8. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 7, wherein: and a pump shaft (131) of the oil pump (13) is matched with a flat groove on the lower intermediate shaft (16) through a flat head, so that connection is realized.
9. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 8, wherein: the oil pump (13) is a cycloid rotor pump, a pump shaft (131) of the cycloid rotor pump is respectively supported in a double mode through a pump shell (132) and a pump cover (133), stable operation of the pump shaft is guaranteed, and the oil pump works reliably.
10. The transmission lubrication cooling system of claim 9, wherein: the number of the spray oil pipes (23) is 2, and the spray oil pipes are positioned on two sides of the bottom of the upper cover (5).
CN202110208753.1A 2021-02-24 2021-02-24 Lubricating and cooling system of transmission Active CN113007332B (en)

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CN113483089A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-10-08 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Lubricating oil channel structure of reverse gear bearing hole of gearbox
CN113819228A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-21 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 AMT gearbox brake force-feed lubrication system
CN114046350A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-02-15 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Transmission structure of transmission
CN114526320A (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-05-24 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Forced lubricating oil duct pressure stabilizing mechanism

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