CN111794522A - Construction method of large-span high-altitude steel structure - Google Patents
Construction method of large-span high-altitude steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111794522A CN111794522A CN202010541533.6A CN202010541533A CN111794522A CN 111794522 A CN111794522 A CN 111794522A CN 202010541533 A CN202010541533 A CN 202010541533A CN 111794522 A CN111794522 A CN 111794522A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
- B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure, which comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional model of a construction site, simulating hoisting in the whole process, analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme, and determining the position of a tower crane; finite element analysis is carried out on the hoisting process of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, and the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure are determined; establishing a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, guiding a factory to process each part of the large-span high-altitude steel structure and assisting in on-site splicing; and acquiring accurate coordinate points and elevations required by construction through a three-dimensional model of a construction site, and matching with a total station to perform three-dimensional space positioning measurement to finish the hoisting of the large-span high-altitude steel structure. The method improves the construction safety, the design and construction efficiency, the processing and installation precision, the construction quality and efficiency and reduces the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure.
Background
At present, in the construction of large-span high altitude steel structure, there are span big, mounting height, hoist and mount difficulty scheduling problem, often the shaping effect is not good, causes repair and delay time limit for a project easily, has increased economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure, which improves construction safety, design and construction efficiency, processing and mounting precision, construction quality and efficiency and reduces construction cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a construction site, simulating whole-process hoisting, analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme, and determining the position of the tower crane; s2, carrying out finite element analysis on the hoisting process of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, and determining the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure; s3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, guiding a factory to process each part of the large-span high-altitude steel structure and assisting in field splicing; and S4, acquiring accurate coordinate points and elevations required by construction through the three-dimensional model of the construction site, and performing three-dimensional space positioning measurement by matching with a total station to finish the hoisting of the large-span high-altitude steel structure.
In step S1, a three-dimensional model of the construction site is created according to design drawings and site survey conditions, including constructed main structures, roads, material yards, tower cranes, surrounding existing buildings and structures, the hoisting process of the tower crane at different plane positions is simulated, whether the working amplitude and the hoisting height of the tower crane collide with the buildings and whether the hoisting capacity can meet requirements is analyzed, and the position of the tower crane meeting hoisting safety, few blocking factors and low cost is obtained by analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme.
In step S2, during finite element analysis, the internal force variation and the vertical displacement of the large-span high-altitude steel structure during hoisting are calculated and analyzed, the position where the internal force variation and the vertical displacement are the minimum is the hoisting point position, and the vertical displacement corresponding to the hoisting point position is the pre-arching value.
In step S3, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established according to the relationship between the large-span high-altitude steel structure and the building axis in the design drawing, and then a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure is established according to the three-dimensional coordinate system, the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure can embody the overall form, the segmentation condition, the specification, the model, the size, the connection method and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, and the processing equipment in the factory processes each component of the large-span high-altitude steel structure according to the three-dimensional model of the.
Further, when the large-span high-altitude steel structure is located above the structural layer hole and comprises steel columns located on two sides of the structural layer hole and steel beams supported on the steel columns on the two sides, the steel beams are divided into three sections, steel column connecting sections are arranged on two sides of the steel beams, a main steel beam section is arranged in the middle of the steel beam section, the steel columns are installed above the structural layer hole and are spliced, and then the main steel beam section penetrates out of the structural layer hole through a tower crane and is spliced with the steel column connecting sections on the two sides.
Further, main girder steel section is equipped with two hoisting points, and it has two electric block to hang on the lifting hook of tower crane, and two electric block's lifting hook are connected with two hoisting points on the main girder steel section respectively.
Further, the tower crane includes that spanes at the door type frame of structural layer hole top and the hoist engine of fixed mounting on the ground structure of structural layer hole below, and the door type frame includes two stands that splice by the pylon standard festival and supports the carrier bar on two stands, and the middle part below of carrier bar is equipped with loose pulley assembly, and it is downward behind the loose pulley assembly to walk around the loose pulley assembly to the wire rope of hoist engine slant, and the wire rope end of hoist engine is equipped with the lifting hook, and the stand can be as the mounting platform of steel column and steel column linkage section.
Further, the tower standard knot includes steel pipe, connecting plate, angle steel and ring flange, and the steel pipe is vertical and distribute on four angles of rectangle, and the connecting plate is fixed to be distributed in the lateral part of steel pipe, and the angle steel passes through the connecting plate to be connected with two adjacent steel pipes and forms stull and bracing, and the ring flange is fixed at the both ends of steel pipe, passes through ring flange cooperation bolted connection between the tower standard knot, and the carrier bar passes through ring flange cooperation bolted connection with the tower standard knot at topmost.
Furthermore, the outer side of the upright post is connected with a wind rope in a tensioning way.
Further, when a plurality of large-span high-altitude steel structures are arranged in parallel and connected through secondary beams, the hanging towers are arranged along the arrangement direction of the large-span high-altitude steel structures, after the hoisting of one large-span high-altitude steel structure is completed, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes are not loosened, temporary cable wind ropes are respectively pulled on two sides of each steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes can be loosened behind the stable system, then the next large-span high-altitude steel structure is hoisted, after the hoisting of the next large-span high-altitude steel structure is completed, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes are not loosened, the temporary cable wind ropes are respectively pulled on two sides of the steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes can be loosened behind the stable system are formed, then the secondary beams.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the whole-process hoisting is simulated through the three-dimensional model of the construction site, the construction safety and the design efficiency are improved, the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure are determined through finite element analysis, the construction safety and the construction quality are improved, the machining of the large-span high-altitude steel structure is guided through the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, the machining precision is improved, the rework and the construction period delay are avoided, the construction efficiency and the installation precision are improved through the matched positioning measurement of the three-dimensional model of the construction site and a total station, the construction cost is integrally reduced, the intersection line deviation qualification rate is more than or equal to 95%, the assembly qualification rate is more than or equal to 95.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single large-span overhead steel structure in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a building including a plurality of large-span high-altitude steel structures arranged in parallel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single tower crane in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single tower standard section of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main steel beam assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two long-span high-altitude steel structures arranged in parallel after being installed in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the two large-span high-altitude steel structures in fig. 6 by the secondary beam.
In the figure: 10-large-span high-altitude steel structure; 11-steel column; 12-steel column connecting section; 13-a main steel beam section; 14-ear plate; 15-electric hoist; 16-temporary wind-pulling ropes; 20-tower crane; 21-tower standard section; 211-steel tube; 212-a connecting plate; 213-angle steel; 214-a flange; 22-a carrier beam; 23-a pulley assembly; 24-a winch; 25-steel cord; 26-a hook; 27-wind rope; 30-structural layer holes; 40-minor beam.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
A construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a construction site, simulating hoisting in the whole process, analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme, determining the position of the tower crane 20, namely establishing the three-dimensional model of the construction site according to a design drawing and site reconnaissance conditions, wherein the three-dimensional model of the construction site comprises a constructed main structure, roads, a material yard, the tower crane 20, existing buildings and structures on the periphery, simulating the hoisting process of the tower crane 20 at different plane stations, analyzing whether the working amplitude and the hoisting height of the tower crane collide with the buildings or not, and whether the hoisting capacity can meet the requirements or not, and obtaining the position of the tower crane 20 meeting the hoisting safety, few blocking factors and low cost by analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme.
S2, carrying out finite element analysis on the hoisting process of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, and determining the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, wherein when carrying out finite element analysis, the internal force change and the vertical displacement of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 in the hoisting process are calculated and analyzed, the position with the minimum internal force change and vertical displacement is the hoisting point position, and the vertical displacement corresponding to the hoisting point position is the pre-arching value.
S3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, guiding a factory to process each part of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 and assisting in on-site splicing, namely establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system according to the relation between the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 and the axis of a building in a design drawing, then establishing the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 according to the three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 can embody the integral form, the segmentation condition, the specification, the model, the size, the connecting method and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, and processing equipment (such as an automatic cutting machine) in the factory processes each.
And S4, acquiring accurate coordinate points and elevations required by construction through the three-dimensional model of the construction site, and performing three-dimensional space positioning measurement by matching with a total station to finish the hoisting of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10.
According to the method, the whole process hoisting is simulated through a three-dimensional model of a construction site, the construction safety and the design efficiency are improved, the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 are determined through finite element analysis, the construction safety and the construction quality are improved, the machining of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 is guided through the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, the machining precision is improved, rework and delay of a construction period are avoided, the construction efficiency and the installation precision are improved through the matched positioning measurement of the three-dimensional model of the construction site and a total station, the construction cost is integrally reduced, the intersecting line qualification rate is not less than 95%, the assembling qualification rate is not less than 95%, and the high accuracy.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, when the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 is located above the structural layer hole 30 and includes steel columns 11 located at two sides of the structural layer hole 30 and steel beams supported on the steel columns 11 at two sides, the steel beams are divided into three sections, steel column connection sections 12 at two sides, and a main steel beam section 13 in the middle, after the strength of the concrete structure reaches 100%, the steel columns 11 are installed above the structural layer hole 30 and the steel column connection sections 12 are spliced, and then the main steel beam section 13 penetrates through the structural layer hole 30 through the tower crane 20 and is spliced with the steel column connection sections 12 at two sides. The split joint avoids overlarge lifting at one time, and facilitates the material to be conveyed below the structural layer hole 30 and penetrate out.
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the steel beam is made of H-shaped steel, and the upper flange of the main steel beam section 13 is welded with the lifting lug plate 14 as a lifting point, so as to prevent the flange plate from being deformed by compression; as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the main steel beam section 13 is provided with two lifting points, two electric hoists 15 are hung on the lifting hook 26 of the tower crane 20, the lifting hooks of the two electric hoists 15 are respectively connected with the two lifting points on the main steel beam section 13, and when the main steel beam section 13 is lifted, the main steel beam section 13 is leveled by the two electric hoists 15 after penetrating through the structural layer hole 30, so that the subsequent splicing is facilitated; in the embodiment, the steel column connecting section 12 and the steel column 11 are connected by a full penetration secondary weld, and the main steel beam section 13 and the steel column connecting section 12 are connected by a full penetration secondary weld; in this embodiment, when the main steel beam section 13 is lifted, temporary guy cables are pulled on two sides of the main steel beam section 13, so that the main steel beam section 13 can be stabilized and prevented from shaking; in this embodiment, the steel beam is H400x300x10x16, and the electric hoist 15 is 5 t.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the tower crane 20 includes a gantry frame spanning above the structural layer hole 30 and a hoist 24 fixedly installed on the ground structure (e.g., the top plate of the basement) below the structural layer hole 30, the gantry frame includes two columns spliced by the tower standard joints 21 and a carrier beam 22 supported on the two columns, a pulley assembly 23 is installed below the middle of the carrier beam 22, a steel cable 25 of the hoist 24 obliquely passes through the pulley assembly 23 and then downwards, a hook 26 is installed at the end of the steel cable 25 of the hoist 24, and the column can be used as a steel cableThe tower crane 20 is suitable for installation of the large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 with the shape and the position, and is convenient to operate. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, a wind-pulling rope 27 is connected to the outer side of the upright post in a tensioned manner, and one cable rope 27 is arranged at each 4 standard knots; in this embodiment, the wind rope 27 is
The hoist 24 is 8 t.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the tower standard knot 21 includes a steel pipe 211, connection plates 212, angle iron 213 and flanges 214, the steel pipe 211 is vertical and distributed at four corners of a rectangle, the connection plates 212 are fixedly distributed at the sides of the steel pipe 211, the angle iron 213 is connected with two adjacent steel pipes 211 through the connection plates 212 to form a cross brace and an inclined brace, the flanges 214 are fixed at two ends of the steel pipe 211, the tower standard knots 21 are connected through the flanges 214 and bolts, and the carrier beam 22 is connected with the topmost tower standard knot 21 through the flanges 214 and bolts; in this embodiment, the base of the winch 24 is fixedly mounted to the ground structure by a chemical anchor; in this embodiment, the flange 214 is 12mm thick and the steel pipe 211 is
The angle steel 212 is L50x50, the bolts matched with the flange plate 214 are 6 common bolts of M14, and two chemical anchor bolts are respectively arranged at four corners of the base of the winch 24 and are M16.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, when a plurality of large-span high-altitude steel structures 10 are arranged in parallel and connected by the secondary beam 40, arranging the hanging towers 20 along the arrangement direction of the large-span high-altitude steel structures 10, not loosening the hanging hooks 26 of the tower cranes 20 after completing the hoisting of one large-span high-altitude steel structure 10, temporary guy cables 16 are respectively pulled at two sides of the steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the temporary guy cables 16 are fixed on the concrete member to form a stable system, a hook 26 of the tower crane 20 can be loosened at the rear part of the stable system, then the next large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 is hoisted, the hook 26 of the tower crane 20 is not loosened after the next large-span high-altitude steel structure 10 is hoisted, temporary guy cables 16 are respectively pulled on two sides of the steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the temporary guy cables 16 are fixed on the concrete member to form a stable system, a lifting hook 26 of the tower crane 20 can be loosened behind the stable system, then the secondary beam 40 is installed, and the like until the installation is finished.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a large-span high-altitude steel structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a construction site, simulating hoisting in the whole process, analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme, and determining the position of a tower crane; s2, carrying out finite element analysis on the hoisting process of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, and determining the hoisting point position and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure; s3, establishing a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, guiding a factory to process each part of the large-span high-altitude steel structure and assisting in field splicing; and S4, acquiring accurate coordinate points and elevations required by construction through the three-dimensional model of the construction site, and performing three-dimensional space positioning measurement by matching with a total station to finish the hoisting of the large-span high-altitude steel structure.
2. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, a three-dimensional model of the construction site is created according to design drawings and site survey conditions, including constructed main structures, roads, material yards, tower cranes, surrounding existing buildings and structures, the hoisting process of the tower crane at different plane positions is simulated, whether the working amplitude and the hoisting height of the tower crane collide with the buildings and whether the hoisting capacity can meet requirements is analyzed, and the position of the tower crane meeting hoisting safety, few blocking factors and low cost is obtained by analyzing and verifying each hoisting scheme.
3. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, during finite element analysis, the internal force variation and the vertical displacement of the large-span high-altitude steel structure during hoisting are calculated and analyzed, the position where the internal force variation and the vertical displacement are the minimum is the hoisting point position, and the vertical displacement corresponding to the hoisting point position is the pre-arching value.
4. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established according to the relationship between the large-span high-altitude steel structure and the building axis in the design drawing, and then a three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure is established according to the three-dimensional coordinate system, the three-dimensional model of the large-span high-altitude steel structure can embody the overall form, the segmentation condition, the specification, the model, the size, the connection method and the pre-arching value of the large-span high-altitude steel structure, and the processing equipment in the factory processes each component of the large-span high-altitude steel structure according to the three-dimensional model of the.
5. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: when the large-span high-altitude steel structure is located above the structural layer hole and comprises steel columns located on two sides of the structural layer hole and steel beams supported on the steel columns on the two sides, the steel beams are divided into three sections, steel column connecting sections are arranged on two sides of the steel beams, a main steel beam section is arranged in the middle of the steel beam section, the steel columns are installed above the structural layer hole and are spliced, and then the main steel beam section penetrates out of the structural layer hole through a tower crane and is spliced with the steel column connecting sections on the two sides.
6. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the main girder steel section is equipped with two hoisting points, has hung two electric block on the lifting hook of tower crane, and two electric block's lifting hook are connected with two hoisting points on the main girder steel section respectively.
7. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the tower crane comprises a portal frame stretching over a structural layer hole and a winch fixedly installed on a ground structure below the structural layer hole, the portal frame comprises two stand columns spliced by tower standard joints and bearing beams supported on the two stand columns, a pulley assembly is arranged below the middle of each bearing beam, a steel rope of the winch obliquely upwards bypasses the pulley assemblies and then downwards, a lifting hook is arranged at the tail end of the steel rope of the winch, and the stand columns can serve as mounting platforms of steel columns and steel column connection sections.
8. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the tower standard knot includes the steel pipe, the connecting plate, angle steel and flange dish, and the steel pipe is vertical and distribute on four angles of rectangle, and the connecting plate is fixed to be distributed in the lateral part of steel pipe, and the angle steel passes through the connecting plate to be connected with two adjacent steel pipes and forms stull and bracing, and the flange dish is fixed at the both ends of steel pipe, passes through flange dish cooperation bolted connection between the tower standard knot, and the carrier bar passes through flange dish cooperation bolted connection with the tower standard knot at top.
9. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the outer side of the upright post is connected with a wind rope in a tensioning way.
10. The construction method of the large-span high-altitude steel structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: when a plurality of large-span high-altitude steel structures are arranged in parallel and connected through secondary beams, the hanging towers are arranged along the arrangement direction of the large-span high-altitude steel structures, after the hoisting of one large-span high-altitude steel structure is completed, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes are not loosened, temporary cable wind ropes are respectively pulled on two sides of each steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes can be loosened behind the formed stabilizing system, then the next large-span high-altitude steel structure is hoisted, after the hoisting of the next large-span high-altitude steel structure is completed, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes are not loosened, the temporary cable wind ropes are respectively pulled on two sides of the steel beam to stabilize the steel beam, the lifting hooks of the tower cranes can be loosened behind the formed stabilizing system, then the.
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| CN114059662A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | High-low span column-drawing type steel frame and construction method thereof |
| CN114232799A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Station layer for transportation hub and method for hoisting steel beams below station layer |
| CN115162522A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 | Large-span steel structure depression compensation assembly and method |
| CN115262973A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-01 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of multidirectional multi-curvature large-span curved surface latticed shell system |
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