CN111792668A - Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater - Google Patents

Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111792668A
CN111792668A CN202010662512.XA CN202010662512A CN111792668A CN 111792668 A CN111792668 A CN 111792668A CN 202010662512 A CN202010662512 A CN 202010662512A CN 111792668 A CN111792668 A CN 111792668A
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acid
titanium
potassium
wastewater
water
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周前军
李绪忠
卢丽
李允斌
王杰
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China Aluminum Environmental Protection And Energy Saving Technology Hunan Co ltd
CINF Engineering Corp Ltd
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China Aluminum Environmental Protection And Energy Saving Technology Hunan Co ltd
CINF Engineering Corp Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/002Compounds containing, besides titanium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/20Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
    • C01B21/38Nitric acid
    • C01B21/46Purification; Separation ; Stabilisation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/19Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
    • C01B7/191Hydrogen fluoride
    • C01B7/195Separation; Purification
    • C01B7/196Separation; Purification by distillation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater comprises adding potassium salt into the titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into the titanium-containing acidic wastewater to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic wastewater; after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process; sending acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement into a neutralization reaction tank, adding alkali liquor for neutralization and Na2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant; and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in a cleaning procedure, and evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts. The invention fully recycles the useful components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and the like in the wastewater, reduces the hazardous waste residuesThe amount is more than 70%, the treatment cost is reduced, partial benefits are generated, the treated water is completely recycled for the titanium material cleaning process, and zero discharge of wastewater is realized.

Description

Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of acidic wastewater treatment, in particular to a titanium-containing waste acid liquid and a method for treating acidic wastewater, and aims to provide an economical and efficient treatment method for recycling valuable components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in acidic wastewater produced by titanium material processing.
Background
The titanium material processing surface treatment comprises a titanium material pickling process and a cleaning process, wherein the titanium material pickling process is to pickle the titanium material by hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to remove oxides on the surface of the titanium material, and the generated waste water is a waste acid solution. The titanium material pickling process is followed by a cleaning process, the titanium material surface is subjected to acid treatment and then is subjected to multistage cleaning, and the produced discharge water is titanium material cleaning wastewater. The titanium material processing acidic wastewater comprises a waste acid solution and titanium material cleaning wastewater. In the waste acid solution, the concentration of hydrofluoric acid is about 2%, the concentration of nitric acid is about 8%, and the concentration of titanium ions is about 50 g/L. In the titanium material cleaning wastewater, the concentration of fluorine ions is about 600mg/L, the concentration of nitrate radicals is about 1000mg/L, and the concentration of titanium ions is about 1500 mg/L.
In order to recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in the waste acid solution and titanium material processing and washing wastewater and reuse the recovered mixed acid solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid for titanium material processing, the treatment method of the existing titanium material processing plant is to add sulfuric acid into the waste acid solution and evaporate and recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. The recovery principle is that the sulfuric acid which is not easy to volatilize is added, so that the hydrofluoric acid and the nitric acid which are easy to volatilize are volatilized through an evaporation process and are recycled.
Mixing the waste acid solution after recovering hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid with the washing wastewater, adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to be more than 10, separating slag and water, recovering partial water through membrane concentration, and evaporating and desalting concentrated water.
The conventional treatment method has the following disadvantages:
1. a large amount of dangerous waste residues are generated in the slag-water separation process, and the disposal cost of the dangerous waste residues is high.
2. The membrane concentration reverse osmosis has low water yield and large evaporation capacity of concentrated water. The salt content is generally over 35000mg/L, and the salt content is high, so that the water yield is low and the evaporation capacity of concentrated water is large.
3. The operation cost is high, and the acid amount in the wastewater is large, so that the alkali amount required for neutralization is large, and the operation cost for wastewater treatment is high.
4. In the process of recovering hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid by evaporation, a large amount of sulfuric acid needs to be added, and the recovery cost is high.
In conclusion, the annual cost of treating the acidic wastewater of a titanium material processing enterprise with annual capacity of ten thousand tons is about 800 ten thousand, the recovery and treatment cost of the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing is high, the water yield is low, and a large amount of hazardous waste residues are generated to influence the environment, so that the development of a new method for treating the titanium-containing waste acid solution and the acidic wastewater is urgently needed. However, the titanium material processing acid wastewater contains hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and also contains titanium, beryllium and iron, the components are complex, and the prior art does not consider recycling titanium, so that a great deal of problems are encountered in developing a new titanium-containing waste acid solution and acid wastewater treatment method, the conventional treatment method is used for decades, and a new titanium-containing waste acid solution and acid wastewater treatment method is not found for a long time.
The invention content is as follows:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for treating the titanium-containing waste acid liquid and the acidic wastewater is provided, the hydrofluoric acid and the nitric acid are effectively recovered, the hazardous waste residues are reduced, and the wastewater treatment operating cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic waste water comprises the following steps:
adding potassium salt into titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into titanium-containing acidic waste water to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic waste water;
after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process;
acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement after repeated circulation are sent into a neutralization reaction tank, and alkali liquor and Na are added for neutralization2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant;
and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in the cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts, and using the condensed water in the cleaning process.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1;
the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1.
Preferably, the potassium salt is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate. Further preferably, the potassium salt is potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate.
Preferably, the bottom mud is sent to a dangerous waste treatment company for treatment after being dehydrated by pressure filtration.
When treating acidic wastewater from titanium material processing, technicians generally consider that sulfuric acid should be directly added into the waste acid solution to recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and then the hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid are recovered by evaporation. Because titanium in the titanium material processing acidic wastewater is not recovered, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid recovered from the waste acid solution are replaced and evaporated by sulfuric acid, and the amount of hazardous waste residues is further increased. The invention breaks through the inherent thinking of treating the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing, and accidentally finds that the potassium salt is added into the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing to separate out crystals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. titanium in the titanium material processing acidic wastewater is recovered in a form of a potassium fluotitanate product with higher value, and the comprehensive recovery rate is more than 70 percent; the recovery utilization rate of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in the waste acid solution is more than 75 percent; the treated water is completely recycled for the titanium material cleaning process, and zero discharge of wastewater is realized; the amount of hazardous waste residues is reduced by more than 70%.
2. The treatment effect is stable.
3. And valuable components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and the like are recycled, so that the production cost is reduced and partial benefits are generated.
4. The operation cost is low.
5. The treated water is completely reused in the process, and water resources are saved.
6. The treatment cost of hazardous waste is greatly reduced, and the reduction is more than 70%.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention and its embodiments are explained in further detail below.
Titanium cleaning wastewater and waste acid liquor are generated in the titanium cleaning process, and the titanium cleaning wastewater and the waste acid liquor are treated in the embodiment.
Titanium material cleaning wastewater enters a regulating tank, is lifted by a lift pump and is filtered, and then enters a first titanium fluoride reaction tank. The first titanium fluoride reaction tank is used for adding potassium salt into the titanium material cleaning wastewater, the potassium salt is one of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate, the molar ratio of the added potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium material cleaning wastewater is 1:1, so that the titanium and the fluorine in the titanium material cleaning wastewater are crystallized and separated out in a potassium fluotitanate form, and potassium fluotitanate crystals and wastewater are obtained through separation. The results of detection of the separated potassium fluotitanate crystals are shown in Table 1, and the recovery rate of titanium is more than 70%.
TABLE 1 Potassium fluotitanate Crystal test results
Figure BDA0002579140390000041
Figure BDA0002579140390000051
The waste acid liquid enters a waste acid liquid storage tank, is lifted by a lifting pump and is filtered, and then enters a second titanium fluoride reaction tank. The second titanium fluoride reaction tank is used for adding potassium salt into the waste acid liquor, the potassium salt is one of potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, the molar ratio of the added potassium salt to titanium in the waste acid liquor is 0.9:1, and titanium and fluorine in the waste acid liquor are crystallized and separated out in the form of potassium fluotitanate. Through titanium material finished product detection, the acid liquor meeting the titanium material surface cleaning requirement meets the acid preparation requirement. After acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is prepared again, the acid liquor is directly recycled for the titanium material acid washing process, and the acid liquor which does not meet the acid preparation requirement enters a neutralization reaction tank. The recovery rate of titanium is more than 90 percent, the recovery rate of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid is more than 75 percent, and the specific reaction formula is as follows:
K2CO3+H2TiF6→K2TiF6↓+CO2↑+H2O
or: 2KOH + H2TiF6→K2TiF6↓+2H2O
The wastewater after the potassium fluotitanate is recovered and acid liquor which can not meet the technological requirement of acid preparation enter a neutralization reaction tank together, and alkali liquor is added for neutralization and Na is added2And S, removing heavy metals, separating slag and water by an inclined plate to obtain bottom mud and supernatant, and conveying the bottom mud to a hazardous waste treatment company for treatment after the bottom mud is dehydrated by a filter press. And concentrating the supernatant through a two-stage reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water for a cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system, using the condensed water for the cleaning process, and sending miscellaneous salts to a treatment company for treatment in the form of common solid wastes.
The method overcomes many defects of the conventional treatment method, fully recycles the titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and other useful components in the wastewater, reduces the amount of hazardous waste residues by more than 70 percent, reduces the treatment cost and generates partial income, and the treated water is completely reused in the titanium material cleaning process with zero discharge of wastewater.

Claims (5)

1. A method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding potassium salt into titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into titanium-containing acidic waste water to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic waste water;
after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process;
sending acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement into a neutralization reaction tank, adding alkali liquor for neutralization and Na2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant;
and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in the cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts, and using the condensed water in the cleaning process.
2. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein:
the molar ratio of the sylvite to titanium in the titanium-containing waste acid liquor is 0.9-1.1: 1;
the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1.
3. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein: the potassium salt is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate.
4. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 3, wherein: the potassium salt is potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate.
5. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) conveying the bottom mud to a dangerous waste treatment company for treatment after filter pressing and dehydration.
CN202010662512.XA 2020-07-10 2020-07-10 Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater Pending CN111792668A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4943419A (en) * 1988-05-24 1990-07-24 Megy Joseph A Process for recovering alkali metal titanium fluoride salts from titanium pickle acid baths
RU2289638C1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2006-12-20 ОАО "Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" Method for waste acidic solution regeneration after etching titanium alloys
CN101838016A (en) * 2010-04-02 2010-09-22 新星化工冶金材料(深圳)有限公司 Potassium fluotitanate preparation technology and preparation device thereof
RU2448907C1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-27 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Корпорация Всмпо-Ависма" Method for complex recycling of wastes formed when processing titanium semi-finished products to obtain potassium hexafluorotitanate
CN208603729U (en) * 2018-07-30 2019-03-15 广东赛威赢环境技术工程有限公司 A kind of processing equipment of titaniferous hydrofluoric acid waste liquid
CN111203427A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-29 东江环保股份有限公司 System and method for co-processing waste glass powder and pickling waste liquid

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4943419A (en) * 1988-05-24 1990-07-24 Megy Joseph A Process for recovering alkali metal titanium fluoride salts from titanium pickle acid baths
RU2289638C1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2006-12-20 ОАО "Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" Method for waste acidic solution regeneration after etching titanium alloys
CN101838016A (en) * 2010-04-02 2010-09-22 新星化工冶金材料(深圳)有限公司 Potassium fluotitanate preparation technology and preparation device thereof
US20120039791A1 (en) * 2010-04-02 2012-02-16 Sun Xing Chemical & Metallurgical Materials (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Potassium fluotitanate manufacture and device background
RU2448907C1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-27 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Корпорация Всмпо-Ависма" Method for complex recycling of wastes formed when processing titanium semi-finished products to obtain potassium hexafluorotitanate
CN208603729U (en) * 2018-07-30 2019-03-15 广东赛威赢环境技术工程有限公司 A kind of processing equipment of titaniferous hydrofluoric acid waste liquid
CN111203427A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-29 东江环保股份有限公司 System and method for co-processing waste glass powder and pickling waste liquid

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
王建兵编著, vol. 2018, 天津科学技术出版社, pages: 337 - 338 *

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Application publication date: 20201020