CN111792668A - Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater - Google Patents
Treatment method of titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111792668A CN111792668A CN202010662512.XA CN202010662512A CN111792668A CN 111792668 A CN111792668 A CN 111792668A CN 202010662512 A CN202010662512 A CN 202010662512A CN 111792668 A CN111792668 A CN 111792668A
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 38
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrafluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Ti+4] XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 titanium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003708 H2TiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020491 K2TiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/002—Compounds containing, besides titanium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/38—Nitric acid
- C01B21/46—Purification; Separation ; Stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/19—Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
- C01B7/191—Hydrogen fluoride
- C01B7/195—Separation; Purification
- C01B7/196—Separation; Purification by distillation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
A method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater comprises adding potassium salt into the titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into the titanium-containing acidic wastewater to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic wastewater; after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process; sending acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement into a neutralization reaction tank, adding alkali liquor for neutralization and Na2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant; and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in a cleaning procedure, and evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts. The invention fully recycles the useful components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and the like in the wastewater, reduces the hazardous waste residuesThe amount is more than 70%, the treatment cost is reduced, partial benefits are generated, the treated water is completely recycled for the titanium material cleaning process, and zero discharge of wastewater is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of acidic wastewater treatment, in particular to a titanium-containing waste acid liquid and a method for treating acidic wastewater, and aims to provide an economical and efficient treatment method for recycling valuable components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in acidic wastewater produced by titanium material processing.
Background
The titanium material processing surface treatment comprises a titanium material pickling process and a cleaning process, wherein the titanium material pickling process is to pickle the titanium material by hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to remove oxides on the surface of the titanium material, and the generated waste water is a waste acid solution. The titanium material pickling process is followed by a cleaning process, the titanium material surface is subjected to acid treatment and then is subjected to multistage cleaning, and the produced discharge water is titanium material cleaning wastewater. The titanium material processing acidic wastewater comprises a waste acid solution and titanium material cleaning wastewater. In the waste acid solution, the concentration of hydrofluoric acid is about 2%, the concentration of nitric acid is about 8%, and the concentration of titanium ions is about 50 g/L. In the titanium material cleaning wastewater, the concentration of fluorine ions is about 600mg/L, the concentration of nitrate radicals is about 1000mg/L, and the concentration of titanium ions is about 1500 mg/L.
In order to recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in the waste acid solution and titanium material processing and washing wastewater and reuse the recovered mixed acid solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid for titanium material processing, the treatment method of the existing titanium material processing plant is to add sulfuric acid into the waste acid solution and evaporate and recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. The recovery principle is that the sulfuric acid which is not easy to volatilize is added, so that the hydrofluoric acid and the nitric acid which are easy to volatilize are volatilized through an evaporation process and are recycled.
Mixing the waste acid solution after recovering hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid with the washing wastewater, adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to be more than 10, separating slag and water, recovering partial water through membrane concentration, and evaporating and desalting concentrated water.
The conventional treatment method has the following disadvantages:
1. a large amount of dangerous waste residues are generated in the slag-water separation process, and the disposal cost of the dangerous waste residues is high.
2. The membrane concentration reverse osmosis has low water yield and large evaporation capacity of concentrated water. The salt content is generally over 35000mg/L, and the salt content is high, so that the water yield is low and the evaporation capacity of concentrated water is large.
3. The operation cost is high, and the acid amount in the wastewater is large, so that the alkali amount required for neutralization is large, and the operation cost for wastewater treatment is high.
4. In the process of recovering hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid by evaporation, a large amount of sulfuric acid needs to be added, and the recovery cost is high.
In conclusion, the annual cost of treating the acidic wastewater of a titanium material processing enterprise with annual capacity of ten thousand tons is about 800 ten thousand, the recovery and treatment cost of the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing is high, the water yield is low, and a large amount of hazardous waste residues are generated to influence the environment, so that the development of a new method for treating the titanium-containing waste acid solution and the acidic wastewater is urgently needed. However, the titanium material processing acid wastewater contains hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and also contains titanium, beryllium and iron, the components are complex, and the prior art does not consider recycling titanium, so that a great deal of problems are encountered in developing a new titanium-containing waste acid solution and acid wastewater treatment method, the conventional treatment method is used for decades, and a new titanium-containing waste acid solution and acid wastewater treatment method is not found for a long time.
The invention content is as follows:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for treating the titanium-containing waste acid liquid and the acidic wastewater is provided, the hydrofluoric acid and the nitric acid are effectively recovered, the hazardous waste residues are reduced, and the wastewater treatment operating cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic waste water comprises the following steps:
adding potassium salt into titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into titanium-containing acidic waste water to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic waste water;
after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process;
acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement after repeated circulation are sent into a neutralization reaction tank, and alkali liquor and Na are added for neutralization2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant;
and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in the cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts, and using the condensed water in the cleaning process.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1;
the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1.
Preferably, the potassium salt is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate. Further preferably, the potassium salt is potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate.
Preferably, the bottom mud is sent to a dangerous waste treatment company for treatment after being dehydrated by pressure filtration.
When treating acidic wastewater from titanium material processing, technicians generally consider that sulfuric acid should be directly added into the waste acid solution to recover hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and then the hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid are recovered by evaporation. Because titanium in the titanium material processing acidic wastewater is not recovered, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid recovered from the waste acid solution are replaced and evaporated by sulfuric acid, and the amount of hazardous waste residues is further increased. The invention breaks through the inherent thinking of treating the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing, and accidentally finds that the potassium salt is added into the acidic wastewater of titanium material processing to separate out crystals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. titanium in the titanium material processing acidic wastewater is recovered in a form of a potassium fluotitanate product with higher value, and the comprehensive recovery rate is more than 70 percent; the recovery utilization rate of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in the waste acid solution is more than 75 percent; the treated water is completely recycled for the titanium material cleaning process, and zero discharge of wastewater is realized; the amount of hazardous waste residues is reduced by more than 70%.
2. The treatment effect is stable.
3. And valuable components such as titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and the like are recycled, so that the production cost is reduced and partial benefits are generated.
4. The operation cost is low.
5. The treated water is completely reused in the process, and water resources are saved.
6. The treatment cost of hazardous waste is greatly reduced, and the reduction is more than 70%.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention and its embodiments are explained in further detail below.
Titanium cleaning wastewater and waste acid liquor are generated in the titanium cleaning process, and the titanium cleaning wastewater and the waste acid liquor are treated in the embodiment.
Titanium material cleaning wastewater enters a regulating tank, is lifted by a lift pump and is filtered, and then enters a first titanium fluoride reaction tank. The first titanium fluoride reaction tank is used for adding potassium salt into the titanium material cleaning wastewater, the potassium salt is one of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate, the molar ratio of the added potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium material cleaning wastewater is 1:1, so that the titanium and the fluorine in the titanium material cleaning wastewater are crystallized and separated out in a potassium fluotitanate form, and potassium fluotitanate crystals and wastewater are obtained through separation. The results of detection of the separated potassium fluotitanate crystals are shown in Table 1, and the recovery rate of titanium is more than 70%.
TABLE 1 Potassium fluotitanate Crystal test results
The waste acid liquid enters a waste acid liquid storage tank, is lifted by a lifting pump and is filtered, and then enters a second titanium fluoride reaction tank. The second titanium fluoride reaction tank is used for adding potassium salt into the waste acid liquor, the potassium salt is one of potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, the molar ratio of the added potassium salt to titanium in the waste acid liquor is 0.9:1, and titanium and fluorine in the waste acid liquor are crystallized and separated out in the form of potassium fluotitanate. Through titanium material finished product detection, the acid liquor meeting the titanium material surface cleaning requirement meets the acid preparation requirement. After acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is prepared again, the acid liquor is directly recycled for the titanium material acid washing process, and the acid liquor which does not meet the acid preparation requirement enters a neutralization reaction tank. The recovery rate of titanium is more than 90 percent, the recovery rate of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid is more than 75 percent, and the specific reaction formula is as follows:
K2CO3+H2TiF6→K2TiF6↓+CO2↑+H2O
or: 2KOH + H2TiF6→K2TiF6↓+2H2O
The wastewater after the potassium fluotitanate is recovered and acid liquor which can not meet the technological requirement of acid preparation enter a neutralization reaction tank together, and alkali liquor is added for neutralization and Na is added2And S, removing heavy metals, separating slag and water by an inclined plate to obtain bottom mud and supernatant, and conveying the bottom mud to a hazardous waste treatment company for treatment after the bottom mud is dehydrated by a filter press. And concentrating the supernatant through a two-stage reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water for a cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system, using the condensed water for the cleaning process, and sending miscellaneous salts to a treatment company for treatment in the form of common solid wastes.
The method overcomes many defects of the conventional treatment method, fully recycles the titanium, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and other useful components in the wastewater, reduces the amount of hazardous waste residues by more than 70 percent, reduces the treatment cost and generates partial income, and the treated water is completely reused in the titanium material cleaning process with zero discharge of wastewater.
Claims (5)
1. A method for treating titanium-containing waste acid liquid and acidic wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding potassium salt into titanium-containing waste acid liquid to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acid liquid, adding potassium salt into titanium-containing acidic waste water to separate out potassium fluotitanate crystals, and separating to obtain potassium fluotitanate crystals and acidic waste water;
after acid liquor meeting the acid preparation requirement is subjected to acid preparation, the acid liquor is circularly used for the titanium material acid washing process;
sending acid liquor and acid wastewater which do not meet the acid preparation requirement into a neutralization reaction tank, adding alkali liquor for neutralization and Na2S, removing heavy metals, and separating to obtain bottom mud and supernatant;
and concentrating the supernatant through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain fresh water and concentrated water, reusing the fresh water in the cleaning process, evaporating the concentrated water through an MVR evaporation system to obtain condensed water and miscellaneous salts, and using the condensed water in the cleaning process.
2. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein:
the molar ratio of the sylvite to titanium in the titanium-containing waste acid liquor is 0.9-1.1: 1;
the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the titanium in the titanium-containing acidic wastewater is 0.9-1.1: 1.
3. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein: the potassium salt is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, potassium sulfate and potassium carbonate.
4. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 3, wherein: the potassium salt is potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate.
5. The method for treating titanium-containing waste acid solution and acidic waste water according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) conveying the bottom mud to a dangerous waste treatment company for treatment after filter pressing and dehydration.
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Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US4943419A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1990-07-24 | Megy Joseph A | Process for recovering alkali metal titanium fluoride salts from titanium pickle acid baths |
RU2289638C1 (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2006-12-20 | ОАО "Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" | Method for waste acidic solution regeneration after etching titanium alloys |
CN101838016A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-22 | 新星化工冶金材料(深圳)有限公司 | Potassium fluotitanate preparation technology and preparation device thereof |
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CN111203427A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-29 | 东江环保股份有限公司 | System and method for co-processing waste glass powder and pickling waste liquid |
-
2020
- 2020-07-10 CN CN202010662512.XA patent/CN111792668A/en active Pending
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