CN111790813B - Metal forming die system and metal forming process thereof - Google Patents
Metal forming die system and metal forming process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111790813B CN111790813B CN202010695183.9A CN202010695183A CN111790813B CN 111790813 B CN111790813 B CN 111790813B CN 202010695183 A CN202010695183 A CN 202010695183A CN 111790813 B CN111790813 B CN 111790813B
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- forming die
- necking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/08—Dies with different parts for several steps in a process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
Abstract
The metal forming die system comprises a first stretching forming die, a second thin-wall forming die, a third bottom pressing forming die and a fourth necking forming die, wherein a metal original piece is subjected to thin-wall forming operation by the second thin-wall forming die after being subjected to stretching forming for a plurality of times by the first stretching forming die, is subjected to bottom pressing forming operation by the third bottom pressing forming die after being subjected to thin-wall forming for a plurality of times, and is subjected to necking forming operation by the fourth necking forming die after being subjected to bottom pressing forming, so that the metal original piece is formed into a metal finished product, the problems that a plate is uneven in deformation, not easy to stick to a die, wrinkle, stretch cracking and the like are well solved, the processing efficiency is high, and the forming is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to a metal forming die system and a metal forming process thereof.
Background
The mould is the main technological equipment of industrial production, and the mould industry is the basic industry, and the mould is also the key that the product is updated and is gained benefit. At present, the mold technology becomes a very important manufacturing technology, is one of the most active directions in the manufacturing field, and has huge market potential and development space.
The mould is adopted to produce parts, and has a series of advantages of high production efficiency, good quality, low cost, energy and raw material saving and the like. Therefore, the method is widely applied to the production of batch parts and components in the fields of household appliances, automobiles, buildings, machinery, electronics, hardware, agriculture, aerospace and the like, and becomes an important means and a process development direction of modern industrial production. The development and the improvement of the technical level of modern industrial products depend to a great extent on the development level of the mold industry.
The drawing thin-wall forming process is mainly suitable for the production of sheet parts with large size and small curvature. The traditional thin-wall drawing forming process mainly comprises transverse drawing forming and longitudinal drawing forming. At present, the integral clamp is still used for transverse stretching and longitudinal stretching forming, when the integral clamp is formed, the end parts of a plate material have the same displacement, the plate material is not easy to be attached with a die, a transition area is longer, and the utilization rate of the material is low. Because the integral die is used, the manufacturing cost is high during small-batch production, when the longitudinal stretching forming is carried out, the positions of a plurality of clamps are required to be adjusted manually or by using a control system in advance to drive the plate to be attached to the die, although the material transition area is reduced, the die attaching range is improved, but the forming efficiency is low. Although the stretch forming process is continuously researched and improved at present, the problems of uneven deformation of the sheet, uneasy die sticking, wrinkling, tension cracking and the like are still difficult to be solved, so that a novel metal forming die system and a metal forming process thereof are urgently needed to solve the practical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, in view of the disadvantages in the related art, examples of the present invention are provided to substantially solve one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art, to substantially improve safety and reliability, and to effectively protect equipment.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the metal forming die system comprises a first stretching forming die, a second thin-wall forming die, a third bottom pressing forming die and a fourth necking forming die, wherein a metal original piece to be formed is subjected to thin-wall forming operation by the second thin-wall forming die after being subjected to stretching forming for a plurality of times by the first stretching forming die, is subjected to bottom pressing forming operation by the third bottom pressing forming die after being subjected to thin-wall forming for a plurality of times, and is subjected to necking forming operation by the fourth necking forming die after being subjected to bottom pressing forming, so that the metal original piece is formed into a metal finished product.
Further, a first stretch forming die comprises two first bases which are arranged oppositely, first shoulder portions are arranged on the first bases, a first trapezoidal platform is arranged on each first shoulder portion, each first trapezoidal platform is rotatably connected with a first scraping plate, the first scraping plates are in a horizontal position in a free state, a first lower die is arranged on the upper portion of the first base and can slide on the first base, the first lower die comprises a first lower step and a first upper step, a first spherical block is arranged on the first lower step, a first positioning block is arranged on the first upper step, the first stretch forming die further comprises a first stamping body, the first stamping body comprises a first connecting block, the upper portion of the first connecting block is connected with a first force application unit, and the lower portion of the first connecting block is connected with a first punch assembly through a bolt.
Further, the second thin-wall forming die comprises two second bases which are arranged oppositely, second shoulder portions are arranged on the second bases, a second trapezoidal table is arranged on each second shoulder portion, a second scraping plate is rotatably connected to each second trapezoidal table and is in a horizontal position in a free state, a second lower die is arranged at the upper portion of each second base and can slide on the second base, a vertical block is further arranged at the upper portion of each second base and is positioned on the outer side of the second lower die, a fan plate is rotatably arranged on each vertical block, each second lower die comprises a second lower step and a second upper step, a second spherical block is arranged on each second lower step, a second positioning block is arranged on each second upper step, the second stretch forming die further comprises a second stamping body which comprises a second connecting block, and the upper portion of each second connecting block is connected with a second force application unit, the two second connecting blocks are respectively rotatably provided with a rocker arm, the lower part of the second connecting block is connected with a second punch component, the second punch component comprises a punch main body, a through chute is arranged inside the punch main body, a material returning rod is arranged in the through chute, the head end of the rocker arm can act on the end part of the material returning rod, the outer side of the rocker arm is provided with an arc area capable of being matched with the fan plates, and each fan plate is matched with the rocker arm, so that the material returning rod slides along the through chute.
Further, the third presses end forming die to include the third basement, is equipped with on the third basement and presses end barrel, presses end barrel to be equipped with interior punching press piece in, and interior punching press piece passes through the punching joint that the connecting axle links to each other by a plurality of and constitutes, and the third presses end forming die still includes the third punching press body, and the third punching press body includes the third connecting block, and the top of third connecting block links to each other with third force application unit, and the below of third connecting block is equipped with third drift subassembly.
Further, fourth throat forming die includes the fourth basement of two relative settings, be equipped with a throat mould on every fourth basement respectively, the throat mould includes a branch, branch assembly is on the fourth basement, branch is connected with the gag lever post through the connecting rod, the distance of gag lever post and branch is supreme to the crescent down, the bottom of every branch all is equipped with the base, control two sets of branch, space formation throat space between the base, the die space has the material returned jumper bar, the material returned jumper bar links to each other with material returned power device, fourth throat forming die still includes the fourth throat body, the fourth throat body includes the fourth connecting block, the top of fourth connecting block links to each other with fourth application of force unit, the below of fourth connecting block is equipped with the seat of dashing, the below of seat of dashing links to each other with fourth drift subassembly.
Furthermore, a spring is arranged between the first scraping plate and the first trapezoid table, the first lower die can limit the rotation of the first scraping plate, a spring is arranged between the second scraping plate and the second trapezoid table, and the second lower die can limit the rotation of the second scraping plate.
Furthermore, a guide part is arranged above the bottom pressing barrel, and a gasket is arranged between the guide part and the bottom pressing barrel.
The invention provides a metal forming die system and a metal forming process thereof, wherein the metal forming die system comprises a first stretching forming die, a second thin-wall forming die, a third bottom pressing forming die and a fourth necking forming die, a metal original piece is subjected to thin-wall forming operation by the second thin-wall forming die after being subjected to stretching forming for a plurality of times by the first stretching forming die, is subjected to bottom pressing forming operation by the third bottom pressing forming die after being subjected to thin-wall forming for a plurality of times, and is subjected to necking forming operation by the fourth necking forming die after being subjected to bottom pressing forming, so that the metal original piece is formed into a metal finished product, the problems that a plate is uneven in deformation, is not easy to stick to the die, wrinkles, is broken and the like are well solved, the processing efficiency is high, and the forming is excellent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first stretch-forming die of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a second thin-wall forming mold according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third bottom-pressing mold according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth necking die of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the fourth necking die of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a metal forming process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. These embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention. The application of the principles of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Stretch forming is a stamping process in which the outer edge of a sheet metal blank is transferred to the side wall of a part to form an open or deep hollow part from the sheet material in a plurality of steps. When the stretching length of the hollow part exceeds the diameter value of the hollow part, the process is called deep stretching, stretching and deep stretching, the application is very wide, and the process is used for manufacturing cylindrical, rectangular, stepped, spherical, conical, parabolic and other irregular-shaped thin-wall parts; the thin wall drawing is similar to the deep drawing, and is different from the deep drawing in the greatest extent in that the clearance between a punch and a die is smaller than the plate thickness, the thin wall drawing can be independent or matched with the deep drawing operation, the side wall can be drawn to be longer by the multi-pass lower die limiting and punch matched processing, and the process is a process which can obtain a larger depth-to-thickness ratio than the deep drawing.
Deep drawing and thin wall drawing products need to be subjected to diameter reduction (necking) operation after the process, and for containers needing to bear pressure or high explosion, the strength of the container products is more important and needs to strictly meet the design requirements.
The invention relates to a thin-wall stretching process, which is a process capable of forming both thin wall and strength. After the thin wall is stretched, necking is carried out on the opening end of the container blank.
The metal forming die system comprises a first stretching forming die, a second thin-wall forming die, a third bottom pressing forming die and a fourth necking forming die, wherein a metal original piece is subjected to thin-wall forming operation by the second thin-wall forming die after being subjected to stretching forming for a plurality of times by the first stretching forming die, is subjected to bottom pressing forming operation by the third bottom pressing forming die after being subjected to thin-wall forming for a plurality of times, and is subjected to necking forming operation by the fourth necking forming die after being subjected to bottom pressing forming, so that the metal original piece is formed into a metal finished product.
For the invention, a first stretching forming die comprises two first substrates 1-1 which are oppositely arranged, in order to further facilitate assembly and improve the material returning efficiency, a first shoulder part is arranged on each first substrate 1-1, a first trapezoidal platform is arranged on each first shoulder part, a first scraping plate 1-2 is connected on each first trapezoidal platform in a vertically rotatable manner, a spring is arranged between each first scraping plate 1-2 and the first trapezoidal platform, the first scraping plate 1-2 is in a horizontal position in a free state under the action of the spring, when a metal piece to be formed is blanked, the first scraping plate 1-2 can rotate downwards to provide a space for the metal piece, after stretching is finished, because a workpiece after stretching forming is attached to a punch, the workpiece needs to be separated from the punch after each stamping, and at this time, the action of the scraping plates is needed, when the processed workpiece needs to be separated, the first scraping plate 1-2 can block a port of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is separated from a punch, the upper part of the first base 1-1 is provided with a first lower die 1-3, in order to adapt to metal workpieces with different sizes, the first lower die 1-3 can slide on the first base 1-1, in order to improve the compliance of metal original pieces, the first lower die 1-3 comprises a first lower step and a first upper step, a first spherical block is arranged on the first lower step, a first positioning block is arranged on the first upper step, the first lower die 1-3 can limit the rotation of the first scraping plate 1-2, so that a stable support body is arranged in the process of separating the workpiece, the first stretching forming die further comprises a first punching body 1-4, the first punching body 1-4 comprises a first connecting block, the top of first connecting block links to each other with first force application unit, and the below of first connecting block passes through the bolt and links to each other with first drift subassembly.
Thin wall drawing is a conventional metal forming process for producing a thin wall container having a uniform thickness after a deep drawing process, and is most different from deep drawing in that a clearance between a punch and a die for thin wall drawing is smaller than that of a finished product having a plate thickness while having a larger height to diameter ratio than that of deep drawing.
For the invention, the second thin-wall forming die comprises two second substrates 2-1 which are arranged oppositely, second shoulder parts are arranged on the second substrates 2-1, each second shoulder part is provided with a second trapezoidal platform, each second trapezoidal platform is rotatably connected with a second scraping plate 2-2, the second scraping plates 2-2 are in a horizontal position in a free state, a second lower die 2-3 is arranged at the upper part of the second substrate 2-1, the second lower die 2-3 can slide on the second substrate 2-1, and the action and the effect are the same as those of the first lower die 1-3.
It should be noted that after a plurality of stretch forming operations, the container wall of the metal original becomes thinner gradually, if the material is returned as the first stretch forming mold, the container wall of the metal original is extruded and deformed, so that the forming process is wasted, therefore, because the material thickness is thinner, a new material returning rod needs to be added, and then the material is scraped off by a scraping plate, the upper portion of the specific lower second base 2-1 is further provided with a vertical block 2-4, the vertical block 2-4 is located at the outer side of the second lower mold 2-3, each vertical block 2-4 is rotatably provided with a sector plate 2-5, the second lower mold 2-3 comprises a second lower step and a second upper step, the second lower step is provided with a second spherical block, the second upper step is provided with a second positioning block, the second stretch forming mold further comprises a second stamping body 2-6, the second punching body 2-6 comprises second connecting blocks, the upper parts of the second connecting blocks are connected with a second force application unit, two second connecting blocks are respectively rotatably provided with a rocker arm 2-7, the lower parts of the second connecting blocks are connected with a second punch assembly, the second punch assembly comprises a punch main body, a through chute is arranged in the punch main body, a material returning rod 2-8 is arranged in the through chute, the head end of the rocker arm 2-7 can act on the end part of the material returning rod 2-8, the outer side of the rocker arm 2-7 is provided with an arc area which can be matched with the fan plate 2-5, when material returning is carried out, the rocker arm 2-7 acts, each fan plate 2-5 is matched with the rocker arm 2-7, the fan plate 2-5 acts on the material returning rod 2-8, so that the material returning rod 2-8 slides along the through chute, so that the metal master container is disengaged from the punch.
After the stretching and thin-wall forming operations are completed, the bottom of the metal original container needs to be flattened, namely, the bottom pressing operation is performed. The third bottom pressing forming die comprises a bottom pressing barrel body 3-2 arranged on 3-1 and 3-1, a metal original container is placed in the bottom pressing barrel body 3-2, an inner stamping block 3-3 is arranged in the bottom pressing barrel body 3-2, the inner stamping block 3-3 is composed of a plurality of stamping sections connected through connecting shafts, the third bottom pressing forming die further comprises a third stamping body, the third stamping body comprises a third connecting block 3-4, the upper portion of the third connecting block 3-4 is connected with a third force application unit, a third punch assembly is assembled below the third connecting block 3-4, the third force application unit applies pressure to the third stamping body, and the third punch assembly performs bottom pressing operation.
In order to further facilitate the operation, a guiding part is arranged above the bottom pressing cylinder body 3-2, and a gasket is arranged between the guiding part and the bottom pressing cylinder body 3-2.
In deep drawing and thin wall drawing, microscopically, the unit volume of the material is subjected to force, pressure and shearing force to generate plastic deformation, the crystal grain is long along the processing direction to generate anisotropy, and in deep drawing and thin wall drawing, the lug making phenomenon is generated, and for the invention, the lug making is required to be subjected to shearing treatment.
The necking forming is a processing method for extruding and compressing the diameter of the opening part of a round pipe fitting or a preformed container blank into a small diameter through a necking die 4-2, and the necking die 4-2 and the excellent lubricating condition are indispensable important conditions and need to be strictly matched and designed. The mouth and taper of the container blank after necking need to meet the design size requirement, and the process is a process for determining the appearance of the container blank.
For the present invention, the necking operation is performed by the fourth necking forming die. The fourth necking forming die comprises two fourth substrates 4-1 which are oppositely arranged, each fourth substrate 4-1 is respectively provided with a necking die 4-2, each necking die 4-2 comprises a supporting rod, the supporting rods are assembled on the fourth substrates 4-1 and connected with limiting rods through connecting rods, the distance between each limiting rod and each supporting rod is gradually increased from top to bottom, the bottom end of each supporting rod is provided with a base, the space between the left group of supporting rods and the right group of supporting rods and the base forms a necking space, the necking space can form a trapezoid structure due to the angle relation between the limiting rods and the supporting rods, a metal original container is positioned in the necking space, the necking space is internally provided with a material returning punch 4-3, the material returning punch 4-3 is connected with a material returning power device, and after the necking of the metal original container is completed, the workpiece after necking is completed is ejected through the material returning punch 4-3, the fourth necking forming die further comprises a fourth necking body, the fourth necking body comprises a fourth connecting block 4-4, the upper portion of the fourth connecting block 4-4 is connected with a fourth force application unit, a punching seat is arranged below the fourth connecting block 4-4, the lower portion of the punching seat is connected with a fourth punch component, and the fourth necking body is used for placing a metal original container into a necking space.
The metal element of the invention is brass alloy, the brass alloy is copper alloy which takes zinc as a main added element, and the brass alloy has beautiful yellow color and is generally called as brass. When the Zn content is less than 30-32%, Zn is completely dissolved in Cu to form an alpha solid solution of face-centered cubic lattice, and the alpha solid solution has the characteristics of good ductility at room temperature and can be subjected to large-range deformation by cold processing modes such as rolling, stretching, bending, spinning, deep drawing, cold forging, thread rolling and the like.
Cold working can increase strength and hardness, but it is important that the metal is then recovered by an annealing process, and by appropriate heat treatment (annealing) these properties and structure are recovered to the state prior to cold working. This recovery is due to two different processes existing at high temperatures: recovery and recrystallization. There is also a grain growth phenomenon after these two processes. After cold working, it is also subjected to a recrystallization annealing treatment, such as pure copper. Brasses have toughness and strength in the softened or annealed state, but when hardened by cold working their strength increases significantly, whereas by annealing above the recrystallization temperature the original ductility and toughness of the brass can be restored before the next cold working.
Specifically, the metal forming process comprises the following steps:
A) subjecting a metal original to be formed to a stretch-forming operation, wherein the stretch-forming operation comprises the steps of:
1) the first stamping, after pickling and cleaning the metal original piece to be formed, coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent in sequence, using a first stretch forming die to perform stamping operation with the stamping force of 400t and the stamping speed of 28mm/s, after the first stamping operation is completed, cleaning with alkali liquor, after cleaning, applying 560 ℃ to a continuous annealing furnace for recrystallization annealing for 1 hour, and then cooling with normal temperature water to room temperature;
2) a second stamping, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original part subjected to the first stamping, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, using a first stretch forming die to perform stamping operation at the stamping force and the stamping speed of 300t and 37mm/s, cleaning the metal original part with alkali liquor after the second stamping is finished, cleaning the metal original part, performing recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ for 1 hour in a continuous annealing furnace, and cooling the metal original part to room temperature with normal-temperature water;
3) performing third stamping, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original part subjected to the second stamping, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing stamping operation by using a first stretch forming die at the stamping force of 250t and the stamping speed of 45mm/s, cleaning by using alkali liquor after the third stamping operation is completed, performing recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ by using a continuous annealing furnace for 1 hour after cleaning, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
B) performing a thin-wall forming operation on the metal original subjected to the stretch forming operation, wherein the thin-wall forming operation comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out first thin wall, carrying out acid washing and cleaning on a metal original subjected to stretch forming operation, then sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and a cleaning agent, carrying out thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at the stamping force of 160t and the thin wall speed of 41mm/s, cutting off an opening part for ear making after the first thin wall operation is finished, cleaning by using alkali liquor, carrying out recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ by using a continuous annealing furnace for 1 hour after cleaning, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
2) a second thin wall, namely, cleaning the metal original subjected to the first thin wall operation by acid washing, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at a stamping force of 125t and a thin wall speed of 64mm/s, cleaning by using alkali liquor after the second thin wall operation is completed, performing recrystallization annealing at 410 ℃ for 1 hour by using a continuous annealing furnace, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
2) a third thin wall, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original subjected to the second thin wall operation, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at a stamping force of 105t and a thin wall speed of 58mm/s, and cutting off a mouth part to make lugs after the third thin wall operation is completed;
C) performing a bottoming operation on the metal original subjected to the thin-wall forming operation, wherein the bottoming operation comprises the following steps: performing bottom pressing operation by using a third bottom pressing forming die with the punching force of 3000t to enable the bottom of the metal original to be flat, cleaning the metal original by using alkali liquor, performing hardness adjustment annealing at 310 ℃ for 1 hour by using a continuous annealing furnace after cleaning, performing annealing at 395 ℃ for 3 minutes by using a salt bath furnace after cooling the metal original to room temperature by using normal-temperature water, and cooling the metal original to the room temperature by using 90 ℃ hot water to form a container blank;
D) subjecting the bottom-pressed container blank to a necking operation, wherein the necking operation comprises the steps of: checking whether the mouth part is flat or not, after alkali cleaning, vertically and downwards placing the mouth part in a necking space, then carrying out necking operation with 105t of punching pressure and necking speed of 39mm/s, using a fourth necking body to enable a container blank which is not necked to be in a necking space die from top to bottom, and then punching and ejecting the container blank by a material returning punch rod after the container blank is formed into a finished product, thereby completing the necking process.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A metal forming die system comprises a first stretching forming die, a second thin-wall forming die, a third bottom pressing forming die and a fourth necking forming die, wherein a metal original piece to be formed is subjected to thin-wall forming operation by the second thin-wall forming die after being subjected to stretching forming for a plurality of times by the first stretching forming die, is subjected to bottom pressing forming operation by the third bottom pressing forming die after being subjected to thin-wall forming for a plurality of times, and is subjected to necking forming operation by the fourth necking forming die after being subjected to bottom pressing forming, so that the metal original piece is formed into a metal finished product; the first stretching forming die is characterized by comprising two first bases which are oppositely arranged, wherein first shoulder parts are arranged on the first bases, a first trapezoidal table is arranged on each first shoulder part, a first scraping plate is rotatably connected onto each first trapezoidal table and is in a horizontal position in a free state, a first lower die is arranged at the upper part of each first base and can slide on the first base, each first lower die comprises a first lower step and a first upper step, a first spherical block is arranged on each first lower step, a first positioning block is arranged on each first upper step, the first stretching forming die further comprises a first stamping body, each first stamping body comprises a first connecting block, and a first force application unit is connected above the first connecting block, the lower part of the first connecting block is connected with the first punch component through a bolt.
2. The metal forming die system according to claim 1, wherein the second thin-wall forming die comprises two second bases arranged oppositely, second shoulder portions are arranged on the second bases, a second trapezoidal platform is arranged on each second shoulder portion, a second scraping plate is rotatably connected to each second trapezoidal platform, the second scraping plates are in a horizontal position in a free state, a second lower die is arranged on the upper portion of each second base and can slide on the second base, a vertical block is further arranged on the upper portion of each second base and is located on the outer side of the second lower die, a fan plate is rotatably arranged on each vertical block, each second lower die comprises a second lower step and a second upper step, and a second spherical block is arranged on each second lower step, the second upper step on be equipped with the second locating piece, second thin wall forming die still include the second punching press body, the second punching press body include the second connecting block, the top of second connecting block link to each other with second application of force unit, two the second connecting block on respectively rotatable be equipped with a rocking arm, the below of second connecting block link to each other with second drift subassembly, second drift subassembly include the drift main part, drift main part inside be equipped with and link up the spout, link up and be equipped with the material returned pole in the spout, the head end of rocking arm can act on the tip of material returned pole, the outside of rocking arm be equipped with can with the arc region of sector adaptation, every the sector with the rocking arm cooperation, thereby make material returned pole follow the spout that link up slide.
3. The metal forming die system according to claim 2, wherein the third bottom pressing forming die comprises a third substrate, a bottom pressing barrel is arranged on the third substrate, an inner punching block is arranged in the bottom pressing barrel and consists of a plurality of punching sections connected through connecting shafts, the third bottom pressing forming die further comprises a third punching body, the third punching body comprises a third connecting block, the upper portion of the third connecting block is connected with a third force application unit, and a third punch assembly is assembled below the third connecting block.
4. The metal forming die system according to claim 3, wherein the fourth necking die comprises two fourth substrates which are oppositely arranged, each fourth substrate is provided with a necking die, each necking die comprises a support rod, the support rods are assembled on the fourth substrates, the support rods are connected with limiting rods through connecting rods, the distance between each limiting rod and each support rod is gradually increased from top to bottom, the bottom end of each support rod is provided with a base, a necking space is formed between the left group of support rods and the right group of support rods and the base, a material returning punch rod is arranged in each necking space and is connected with a material returning power device, the fourth necking die further comprises a fourth necking body, the fourth necking body comprises a fourth connecting block, and a fourth force applying unit is connected above the fourth connecting block, and a punching seat is arranged below the fourth connecting block, and the lower part of the punching seat is connected with a fourth punch component.
5. A metal forming die system according to claim 4, wherein a spring is provided between the first scraping plate and the first trapezoid table, the first lower die is capable of limiting rotation of the first scraping plate, a spring is provided between the second scraping plate and the second trapezoid table, and the second lower die is capable of limiting rotation of the second scraping plate.
6. The metal forming die system according to claim 5, wherein a guide portion is provided above the platen body, and a gasket is further provided between the guide portion and the platen body.
7. A metal forming process performed by the metal forming die system of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
A) subjecting a metal original to be formed to a stretch-forming operation, wherein the stretch-forming operation comprises the steps of:
1) the first stamping, after pickling and cleaning the metal original piece to be formed, coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent in sequence, using a first stretch forming die to perform stamping operation with the stamping force of 400t and the stamping speed of 28mm/s, after the first stamping operation is completed, cleaning with alkali liquor, after cleaning, applying 560 ℃ to a continuous annealing furnace for recrystallization annealing for 1 hour, and then cooling with normal temperature water to room temperature;
2) a second stamping, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original part subjected to the first stamping, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, using a first stretch forming die to perform stamping operation at the stamping force and the stamping speed of 300t and 37mm/s, cleaning the metal original part with alkali liquor after the second stamping is finished, cleaning the metal original part, performing recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ for 1 hour in a continuous annealing furnace, and cooling the metal original part to room temperature with normal-temperature water;
3) performing third stamping, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original part subjected to the second stamping, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing stamping operation by using a first stretch forming die at the stamping force of 250t and the stamping speed of 45mm/s, cleaning by using alkali liquor after the third stamping operation is completed, performing recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ by using a continuous annealing furnace for 1 hour after cleaning, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
B) performing a thin-wall forming operation on the metal original subjected to the stretch forming operation, wherein the thin-wall forming operation comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out first thin wall, carrying out acid washing and cleaning on a metal original subjected to stretch forming operation, then sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and a cleaning agent, carrying out thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at the stamping force of 160t and the thin wall speed of 41mm/s, cutting off an opening part for ear making after the first thin wall operation is finished, cleaning by using alkali liquor, carrying out recrystallization annealing at 560 ℃ by using a continuous annealing furnace for 1 hour after cleaning, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
2) a second thin wall, namely, cleaning the metal original subjected to the first thin wall operation by acid washing, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at a stamping force of 125t and a thin wall speed of 64mm/s, cleaning by using alkali liquor after the second thin wall operation is completed, performing recrystallization annealing at 410 ℃ for 1 hour by using a continuous annealing furnace, and cooling to room temperature by using normal-temperature water;
2) a third thin wall, namely pickling and cleaning the metal original subjected to the second thin wall operation, sequentially coating zinc phosphating solution and cleaning agent, performing thin wall operation by using a second thin wall forming die at a stamping force of 105t and a thin wall speed of 58mm/s, and cutting off a mouth part to make lugs after the third thin wall operation is completed;
C) performing a bottoming operation on the metal original subjected to the thin-wall forming operation, wherein the bottoming operation comprises the following steps: performing bottom pressing operation by using a third bottom pressing forming die with the punching force of 3000t to enable the bottom of the metal original to be flat, cleaning the metal original by using alkali liquor, performing hardness adjustment annealing at 310 ℃ for 1 hour by using a continuous annealing furnace after cleaning, performing annealing at 395 ℃ for 3 minutes by using a salt bath furnace after cooling the metal original to room temperature by using normal-temperature water, and cooling the metal original to the room temperature by using 90 ℃ hot water to form a container blank;
D) subjecting the bottom-pressed container blank to a necking operation, wherein the necking operation comprises the steps of: checking whether the mouth part is flat or not, after alkali cleaning, vertically and downwards placing the mouth part in a necking space, then carrying out necking operation with 105t of punching pressure and necking speed of 39mm/s, using a fourth necking body to enable a container blank which is not necked to be in a necking space die from top to bottom, and then punching and ejecting the container blank by a material returning punch rod after the container blank is formed into a finished product, thereby completing the necking process.
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| CN107138611A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-08 | 上海晨昌精密模具有限公司 | A kind of tubing undergauge ironing class progressive die |
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| CN109676027B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-10-16 | 苏州宝成汽车冲压有限公司 | Stamping die and process for shell of electric automobile starting and stopping device |
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