CN111789868A - 青蒿素类化合物在促进嵌合抗原受体t细胞治疗中的应用及药物组合物 - Google Patents
青蒿素类化合物在促进嵌合抗原受体t细胞治疗中的应用及药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了青蒿素类化合物在制备促进过嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的制剂中的应用,还提供了一种用于治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的药物组合物,包括嵌合抗原受体T细胞和青蒿素类化合物。本发明通过将嵌合抗原受体T细胞和青蒿素类化合物联用,能够在保证对恶性肿瘤等疾病具有良好疗效的前提下,降低嵌合抗原受体T细胞的剂量来减少其导致的副作用,同时能够增强其免疫治疗效果,进而还降低了嵌合抗原受体T细胞的免疫治疗成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,尤其涉及青蒿素类化合物的新用途,具体涉及青蒿素类化合物在促进嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗中的应用及药物组合物。
背景技术
癌症等恶性疾病是全球范围内严重危害人类健康的疾病。目前,癌症等的治疗方法包括非特异性免疫治疗、主动免疫治疗、过继性细胞免疫治疗等。其中,过继性细胞免疫治疗被认为是现有科技中有可能彻底清除癌细胞的方法。而嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)技术作为当前过继性细胞回输治疗技术最新的免疫细胞技术之一,它是将经过基因工程修饰的T淋巴细胞(可以表达特异性嵌合抗原受体)回输至人体,以不依赖于主要组织相容性复合体的方式活化T淋巴细胞,从而特异性地杀伤癌细胞等恶性靶细胞。CAR-T技术因对恶性细胞的靶向性、杀伤活性和持久性强而在癌症等恶性疾病的治疗方面展示出了巨大的应用前景。
虽然CAR-T细胞疗法在一些临床试验中取得了较好的效果,但是它在治疗过程中会产生较大的副作用(例如细胞因子释放综合征、神经毒性和脱靶效应等),且对靶细胞的杀伤效果不足够强。因此,有必要进一步研究CAR-T细胞疗法以增强其对靶细胞的杀伤效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供青蒿素类化合物的新用途,将青蒿素类化合物与CAR-T细胞的免疫疗法联用,从而产生显著的协同增效作用。
第一方面,本发明提供了青蒿素类化合物在制备促进嵌合抗原受体T(CAR-T)细胞治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的制剂中的应用。
本发明中,所述青蒿素类化合物包括青蒿素及其衍生物。其中,青蒿素是一种倍半烯萜内酯化合物,其大环上有一个内过氧化物桥,在亚铁离子或亚铁血红素的催化下,会放出以碳为中心的自由基。除青蒿素外,所述青蒿素类化合物还包括本领域技术人员能够通过简单的化学方法(如还原、取代等方法)对骨架上的侧链基团进行修饰,而仍然保留增强嵌合抗原受体T细胞杀伤功能的各种衍生物。所述青蒿素衍生物还包括其各种酸、碱形式的盐、水合物、光学异构体等。
可选地,所述青蒿素类化合物包括青蒿素(结构式如下式(Ⅰ)所示)、双氢青蒿素(结构式如下式(Ⅱ)所示)、蒿甲醚(结构式如下式(Ⅲ)所示)、蒿乙醚(结构式如下式(Ⅳ)所示)和青蒿琥酯(结构式如下式(V)所示)中的一种或多种。在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述青蒿素类化合物为双氢青蒿素。
可选地,所述CAR-T细胞包括靶向CD19、CD20、CD22、CD33、CD38、CD317、BCMA、EGFR、Mesothelin、DR5、c-met、OX40、HER2中的一种或多种的CAR-T细胞。
其中,所述CAR-T细胞中的T细胞来自自体T细胞、异体T细胞或iPSC诱导的T细胞。
其中,所述恶性肿瘤包括白血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、脑胶质瘤、肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食道癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌和前列腺癌中的一种或多种,但不限于此。
其中,所述自身免疫疾病包括系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿性关节炎、慢性活动性肝炎、硬皮病、天疱疮、皮肌炎、溃疡性结肠炎和桥本甲状腺炎中的一种或多种,但不限于此。
本发明的申请人研究发现,青蒿素类化合物能够显著增强CAR-T细胞治疗恶性肿瘤的效果,两者的联用表现出协同效应。因此,将青蒿素类化合物与CAR-T细胞联用可以在保证疗效的前提下,通过减少CAR-T细胞的用量来减轻其导致的副作用,同时还能提高CAR-T细胞治疗恶性肿瘤等的效果。此外,青蒿素类化合物为小分子有机化合物,价格便宜,能够降低CAR-T细胞的免疫治疗成本。
第二方面,本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,用于治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病,所述药物组合物包括嵌合抗原受体T(CAR-T)细胞和青蒿素类化合物。
可选地,所述药物组合物还包括药学上可接受的载体。所述药学上可接受的载体优选为对本发明的青蒿素类化合物是化学惰性的,并且在使用条件下无有害的副作用或毒性。
所述药学上可接受的载体,例如,赋形剂,稳定剂、悬浮剂或稀释剂等,是被本领域的技术人员所周知的,且是公众可获取的。
所述药物组合物中,所述CAR-T细胞与所述青蒿素类化合物可以单独存在,也可以混合存在。作为药物组合使用时,二者可以同时给予,也可先后给予或以不同的给药方式给予。
例如,所述CAR-T细胞的给药方式为胃肠外给药,例如,静脉注射、动脉注射、皮下注射、皮内注射、鞘内注射或肌内注射。可以将CAR-T细胞溶解或悬浮在适合于胃肠外给药中可接受载体中的溶液,包括等渗无菌的注射水溶液和非水溶液。而空褐鳞碱类化合物的给药方式包括口服、静脉注射、皮下注射、肌内注射、舌下给药、喷雾鼻腔给药等。当所述空褐鳞碱类化合物以静脉注射、皮下注射、肌肉注射等方式给药时,可以将其制成注射制剂。
在本发明一实施方式中,所述CAR-T细胞的给予方式为静脉注射,所述青蒿素类化合物的给予方式为口服。进一步地,所述药物组合物中,所述青蒿素类化合物与CAR-T细胞的用量比为(0.5~1.0nmol):(0.25×105~1×105个细胞)。例如,二者的用量比为0.5nmol:0.25×105个细胞,0.5nmol:0.5×105个细胞,0.1mmol:1×105个细胞,1.0nmol:0.25×105个细胞,1.0nmol:0.5×105个细胞,1.0nmol:1×105个细胞。
可选地,所用CAR-T细胞的密度为0.5×106~5×106个细胞/mL。例如为1×106、2×106或0.5×106个细胞/mL。
第三方面,本发明还提供了所述药物组合物在制备治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的制剂中的应用。
此外,本发明还提供了一种治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的方法,其为向带有恶性靶细胞的试验对象中给予本发明所述的药物组合物。所述恶性靶细胞为上述恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病所对应的细胞。
可选地,所述CAR-T细胞与所述恶性靶细胞的数量比为(2-10):1。例如为2.5:1、5:1或10:1。
本发明通过将CAR-T细胞和与之有协同增效作用的青蒿素类化合物联用,能够在保证疗效的前提下,通过降低CAR-T细胞的剂量来减少其导致的副作用,同时能够增强CAR-T细胞疗法的治疗效果。
附图说明
图1为效应细胞:靶细胞=10:1时各实验组对靶细胞的杀伤率;
图2为效应细胞:靶细胞=5:1时各实验组对靶细胞的杀伤率;
图3为效应细胞:靶细胞=2.5:1时各实验组对靶细胞的杀伤率;
各图中,CAR-T为靶向CD19的CAR-T细胞;DHArt为双氢青蒿素。
具体实施方式
以下所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
本发明所述的“青蒿素类化合物”除了青蒿素、双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚、蒿乙醚、青蒿琥脂之外,还可以包括它们相应的互变异构体、其药学上可接受的盐或前药,并且还可以包括本领域技术人员能够通过简单的化学方法(如还原、取代等方法)对其骨架上的侧链基团进行修饰,而仍然保留增强嵌合抗原受体T细胞杀伤功能的各种衍生物。这些衍生物的合成方法可以参考现有技术中的教科书。同吋,青蒿素及其衍生物还包括其各种酸碱形式的盐、水合物、光学异构体等。
下面的实施例中,以靶向CD19的CAR-T细胞为例,来验证CAR-T细胞和青蒿素类化合物之间的协同增效作用。
本发明实施例中采用的试剂皆为普通市售品,皆可于市场购得。
实施例一
1、复苏液氮中冻存的靶向CD19的CAR-T细胞,将CAR-T细胞在不含白介素IL的完全培养基中培养过夜。将Raji细胞在含10%FBS和1%双抗的DMEM培养基培养过夜。
2、收集培养过夜的CAR-T细胞和靶细胞Raji细胞,用PBS洗一遍,离心(300g,4min),并弃去上清液。
3、用不含白介素IL、含1%胎牛血清的KBM 581基础培养基重悬CAR-T细胞和Raji细胞,调整它们的细胞密度。调整CAR-T的细胞密度分别为2×106cells/mL、1×106cells/mL和5×105cells/mL,靶细胞Raji的细胞密度为2×105cells/mL。
4.取U型96孔板,在每孔中依次50μL不同密度的CAR-T细胞,50μL的Raji细胞,以及0.5μL DMSO或溶于DMSO的不同浓度的双氢青蒿素(终浓度分别为5μM、10μM)。同时,增加只有基础培养基、只有CAR-T细胞、只有靶细胞、只有CAR-T细胞和双氢青蒿素、只有靶细胞和双氢青蒿素的组作为对照。实验重复3次。96孔板的布局如下表1所示:
表1实验排板
(注:表1中,CAR-T:靶向CD19的CAR-T细胞;Target:靶细胞Raji细胞;DHArt:双氢青蒿素,Media代表不含白介素IL、含1%胎牛血清的KBM 581基础培养基)
5、将加药的96孔板放入37℃的培养箱中培养4h。根据BioLegend乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)细胞杀伤检测试剂盒说明书要求,期间在培养至3.5h时,在H7-12孔中加入10μL的裂解液(lysis buffer),作为对照(靶细胞最大释放组)。
6、将培养了4h的96孔板离心(250g,2min),每孔吸取上清50μL转入一个新的透明平底96孔板,每孔加入50μL的试剂盒工作液(assay buffer),室温下避光反应30min。
7、避光反应30min后,于全波长读数仪上读取所有孔中的OD490值。
8、所有实验组、对照组均减去背景平均值(H1-H3),减掉背景后的值用于计算杀伤效率,具体如下式(1)所示:
细胞杀伤率(%)=[(实验组释放-效应细胞自发释放-靶细胞自发释放)/(靶细胞最大释放-靶细胞自发释放)]×100%式(1)
其中,靶细胞最大释放应为(H10至H12去背景后的平均值)减去裂解体积矫正组(H7至H9去背景后的平均值)。
具体地,以实验组A7-A9为例,CAR-T细胞和双氢青蒿素的联合应用对Raji细胞杀伤率(%)=[(A7至A9去背景后的平均值-A10至A12去背景后的平均值-H4至H6去背景后的平均值)/(靶细胞最大释放-H4至H6去背景后的平均值)]×100%。以实验组A4-A6为例,单独使用CAR-T细胞对Raji细胞杀伤率(%)=[(A4至A6去背景后的平均值-A1至A3去背景后的平均值-H4至H6去背景后的平均值)/(靶细胞最大释放-H4至H6去背景后的平均值)]×100%。
对肿瘤细胞的杀伤结果如附图1-3所示。由图1-3可以看出,5μM和10μM的双氢青蒿素对肿瘤细胞(Raji)几乎没有杀伤作用,但在其和CAR-T细胞联用后,能够显著增强CAR-T细胞的杀伤作用。此外,在效应细胞和靶细胞比为10:1、5:1、2.5:1的情况下,双氢青蒿素均可以较显著地增强CAR-T细胞的杀伤作用。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.青蒿素类化合物在制备促进嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的制剂中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述青蒿素类化合物包括青蒿素、双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚、蒿乙醚和青蒿琥酯中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述恶性肿瘤包括白血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、脑胶质瘤、肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食道癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌和前列腺癌中的一种或多种;
所述自身免疫疾病包括系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿性关节炎、慢性活动性肝炎、硬皮病、天疱疮、皮肌炎、溃疡性结肠炎和桥本甲状腺炎中的一种或多种。
4.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括嵌合抗原受体T细胞和青蒿素类化合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述嵌合抗原受体T细胞为靶向CD19、CD20、CD22、CD33、CD38、CD317、BCMA、EGFR、Mesothelin、DR5、c-met、OX40、HER2中的一种或多种的嵌合抗原受体T细胞。
6.根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述嵌合抗原受体T细胞中所用的T细胞来自自体T细胞、异体T细胞或iPSC诱导的T细胞。
7.根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述青蒿素类化合物为青蒿素、双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚、蒿乙醚和青蒿琥酯中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求4-7任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述嵌合抗原受体T细胞与所述青蒿素类化合物单独存在或以混合状态存在;所述嵌合抗原受体T细胞与所述青蒿素类化合物的施用方式包括同时给予、先后给予或以不同的给药方式给予。
9.根据权利要求8所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述嵌合抗原受体T细胞的给药方式为静脉注射,所述青蒿素类化合物的给药方式为口服。
10.根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的药物组合物在制备治疗恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病或艾滋病的制剂中的应用。
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