CN111786602A - Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor - Google Patents
Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111786602A CN111786602A CN202010701922.0A CN202010701922A CN111786602A CN 111786602 A CN111786602 A CN 111786602A CN 202010701922 A CN202010701922 A CN 202010701922A CN 111786602 A CN111786602 A CN 111786602A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- module
- voltage
- chip microcomputer
- pwm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
- H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a constant speed control method of a direct current permanent magnet brush motor, which comprises a single chip microcomputer and a motor, wherein the positive electrode of the motor is connected with a switch tube, a driving module and a voltage sampling module, the switch tube is connected with the driving module, the driving module and the voltage sampling module are both connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is connected with a panel potentiometer, and a PWM (pulse width modulation) module and an A/D (analog/digital) module are arranged in the single chip microcomputer; the method uses the single chip microcomputer to generate PWM, utilizes PWM dead time to sample the voltage of the motor, compares the voltage with a given value of the panel potentiometer after being converted by the A/D module, and controls the motor to run at a constant speed after being calculated by an internal program of the single chip microcomputer. The dead time of PWM is utilized to sample the motor voltage, so that the component of driving voltage in the traditional feedback signal is avoided; the motor can be operated at a constant speed in a wide speed range, and the effect in a low-speed state is particularly excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of driving and controlling of motors, in particular to a constant-speed control method of a direct-current permanent magnet brush motor.
Background
The DC permanent-magnet brush motor is a widely used motor, and has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, high efficiency, convenient use and low price. As is well known, a dc permanent magnet brush motor is equivalent to a generator when it runs by inertia, and the voltage generated by the generator has a certain proportional relationship with the rotational speed of the motor when the structural constant K is constant. When the requirement on constant rotating speed exists, motor voltage feedback is generally introduced into a control circuit, but a sampling point of a voltage signal is in conjunction with the driving voltage of the motor, and the simple introduction of the voltage signal as rotating speed feedback is unreasonable, so that the effect of the constant speed control method of the motor is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a constant speed control method for a dc permanent magnet brush motor, which samples the motor voltage by using the dead time of PWM, and can realize constant speed operation in a wide speed range, and the effect is particularly excellent in a low speed state.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the invention provides a constant speed control method of a direct current permanent magnet brush motor, which comprises a single chip microcomputer U1 and a motor, wherein the positive electrode of the motor is connected with a switch tube, a driving module and a voltage sampling module, the switch tube is connected with the driving module, the driving module and the voltage sampling module are both connected with the single chip microcomputer U1, the single chip microcomputer U1 is connected with a panel potentiometer RP1, and a PWM module and an A/D module are arranged inside the single chip microcomputer U1; the method uses the single chip microcomputer U1 to generate PWM, utilizes PWM dead time to sample the voltage of the motor, compares the voltage with a given value of the panel potentiometer RP1 after the voltage is converted by the A/D module, and controls the motor to run at a constant speed after the voltage is calculated by an internal program of the single chip microcomputer U1.
The working principle is as follows: the direct-current permanent magnet brush motor is controlled in a PWM mode, in order to sample a voltage signal of the motor, the switch tube is connected to the positive pole of the motor, and meanwhile, the voltage signal is sampled at the positive pole of the motor. The singlechip U1 reads a feedback voltage signal only when the singlechip U1 generates an interrupt signal to the switch tube to interrupt the switch tube when detecting that the PWM duty ratio is finished. The feedback signal reflects the rotation speed of the motor, and the signal is compared with the given signal to control the PWM duty ratio, so that the motor can be well controlled to operate at constant speed.
Furthermore, the period of the PWM module is equal to the conversion period of the A/D module, so that the accuracy of a sampling time point is ensured; the PWM dead time of the PWM module is larger than the conversion period of the A/D module, and the accuracy of sampling data is guaranteed.
Further, the negative electrode of the motor is connected with a milliohm-level sampling resistor R5, and the sampling resistor R5 is grounded; the sampling resistor R5 can be used not only to sample the current of the motor, but also to limit the maximum current of the motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the constant-speed control method for the direct-current permanent magnet brush motor, provided by the invention, the motor voltage is sampled by using the dead time of PWM (pulse width modulation), so that the condition that the traditional feedback signal contains the component of the driving voltage is avoided; the control method can realize the constant-speed operation of the motor in a wide speed range, and the effect is particularly excellent in a low-speed state; at present, the control method is widely applied to the control of the wire feeding motor for argon arc welding, and a good effect is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the relationship between the sampling point and PWM according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the constant speed control method for the direct current permanent magnet brush motor provided by the invention comprises a single chip microcomputer U1 and a motor, wherein the single chip microcomputer U1 is an 8-position middle-grade single chip microcomputer, 51 series are not selected, and the model is not STC89C52 RC; the positive electrode of the motor is connected with a switch tube, a driving module and a voltage sampling module, the switch tube is connected with the driving module, the driving module and the voltage sampling module are both connected with the single chip microcomputer U1, the voltage sampling module is R2 and R3 for dividing the voltage of the motor, and the voltage is filtered by C4 and then enters the single chip microcomputer U1; the single chip microcomputer U1 is connected with a panel potentiometer RP1, and a PWM module and an A/D module are arranged inside the single chip microcomputer U1; the method uses the single chip microcomputer U1 to generate PWM, utilizes PWM dead time to sample the voltage of the motor, compares the voltage with a given value of the panel potentiometer RP1 after the voltage is converted by the A/D module, and controls the motor to run at a constant speed after the voltage is calculated by an internal program of the single chip microcomputer U1.
The operation of the single chip microcomputer U1 is divided into a main function part and an interruption function part, wherein the main function comprises the following working steps:
s1, initializing, wherein in the step, except for the common GPIO setting, the most important is PWM setting, A/D setting and interruption setting, when in PWM setting, the frequency is not too high, only 1K to 2K is needed, and the maximum duty ratio is not more than 90% to reserve enough dead time to execute a feedback sampling program; the switching speed is fast enough to perform the entire switching process within 10% of the PWM period for the a/D setting. The interrupt sets two interrupt sources: a timer overflow interrupt and a PWM duty cycle end interrupt. The timer overflow interruption period is the same as the PWM period, and after initialization is completed, the two period timers are simultaneously cleared to realize synchronization of feedback sampling.
And S2, detecting and updating external signals, wherein in the step, the single chip microcomputer continuously reads a given voltage value from the panel potentiometer RP1 and stores the given voltage value for later use. If other external signals are also detected according to different working conditions, for example: start/stop signals, overheat protection signals, power supply abnormality signals, etc., may also be done in this step.
S3, comparing and calculating data, wherein in the step, the singlechip analyzes and calculates the collected current and voltage signals, and the specific method comprises the following steps: when the current is less than 5A (the data is for the wire feeding motor of argon arc welding, if the data is used in other occasions, the current signal is ignored according to different working conditions). If the current is greater than 5A, the PWM duty cycle is reduced, either by a conventional PID algorithm or by a simple incremental decrease per cycle, for example: one decrement is 5% or 10% of the full pulse width.
Comparing and calculating the voltage only when the current is less than 5A, comparing the collected feedback voltage with the given voltage, and if the given voltage is greater than the feedback voltage, increasing the PWM duty ratio; otherwise, the duty cycle is decreased. The increasing or decreasing mode is better by an equal difference decreasing method, and the algorithm can better keep the stable operation of the motor than the PID.
And S4, executing a calculation result, wherein in the step, the singlechip updates old data by using the new PWM duty ratio data calculated in the step 3, then loads the old data into a PWM duty ratio register, and executes a new duty ratio in the next period.
The operation of the singlechip in the interrupt function is to sample the feedback signal of the voltage and current, and the relation between the sampling point and the PWM is shown in fig. 2. An interrupt source overflowed by the timer points to a current sampling function; and the interrupt source at the end of the PWM duty cycle points to the voltage sampling function. Therefore, the current sampling can be ensured to obtain the peak value of the current, and the voltage sampling can obtain a pure motor rotating speed signal. The two sampling functions are basically the same, a delay program is arranged at the beginning, and the delay can ensure that the current has enough rising time for current sampling; for voltage sampling, the delay can avoid the follow current of the motor, so that the sampling is more accurate. The body of the sampling function is an a/D conversion function, which is a standard function.
As shown in fig. 2, the period of the PWM module is equal to the conversion period of the a/D module, which ensures the accuracy of the sampling time point; the PWM dead time of the PWM module is larger than the conversion period of the A/D module, and the accuracy of sampling data is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, the negative pole of the motor is connected with a milliohm-level sampling resistor R5, and the sampling resistor R5 is grounded; the sampling resistor R5 can be used not only to sample the current of the motor, but also to limit the maximum current of the motor.
According to the constant-speed control method for the direct-current permanent magnet brush motor, provided by the invention, the motor voltage is sampled by using the dead time of PWM (pulse width modulation), so that the condition that the traditional feedback signal contains the component of the driving voltage is avoided; the control method can realize the constant-speed operation of the motor in a wide speed range, and the effect is particularly excellent in a low-speed state; at present, the control method is widely applied to the control of the wire feeding motor for argon arc welding, and a good effect is achieved.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A constant speed control method of a direct current permanent magnet brush motor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the motor are included, the positive electrode of the motor is connected with a switch tube, a driving module and a voltage sampling module, the switch tube is connected with the driving module, the driving module and the voltage sampling module are both connected with the single-chip microcomputer U1, the single-chip microcomputer U1 is connected with a panel potentiometer RP1, and a PWM module and an A/D module are arranged inside the single-chip microcomputer U1;
the method uses the single chip microcomputer U1 to generate PWM, utilizes PWM dead time to sample the voltage of the motor, compares the voltage with a given value of the panel potentiometer RP1 after the voltage is converted by the A/D module, and controls the motor to run at a constant speed after the voltage is calculated by an internal program of the single chip microcomputer U1.
2. The constant speed control method of the direct current permanent magnet brush motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the period of the PWM module is equal to the conversion period of the A/D module, and the PWM dead time of the PWM module is larger than the conversion period of the A/D module.
3. The constant speed control method of the direct current permanent magnet brush motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative pole of the motor is connected with a milliohm-level sampling resistor R5, and the sampling resistor R5 is grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010701922.0A CN111786602A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010701922.0A CN111786602A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111786602A true CN111786602A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
Family
ID=72763638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010701922.0A Pending CN111786602A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111786602A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102570948A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-11 | 昆山瑞凌焊接科技有限公司 | Control system for direct current permanent magnetic brush motor |
-
2020
- 2020-07-21 CN CN202010701922.0A patent/CN111786602A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102570948A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-11 | 昆山瑞凌焊接科技有限公司 | Control system for direct current permanent magnetic brush motor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 宁红英等: "基于STC 单片机的角度控制", 《微型机与应用》 * |
| 王妍玮著: "《单片机原理及应用第2版》", 30 June 2017, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102545749B (en) | Wide-speed-regulation-range brushless direct current motor position sensorless control device and method | |
| CN106849779B (en) | Switched reluctance machines dead-beat current PWM duty cycle control method | |
| CN1710801A (en) | Power-consumption control system of small armature electric induction permanent magnet brush-less DC motor | |
| CN201523349U (en) | Central air-conditioning control system | |
| CN101635552B (en) | Driver of two-phase stepping motor and drive control method | |
| CN101364781A (en) | Position-sensorless control device for wide speed regulating range brushless DC motor without filter | |
| CN114362608A (en) | Brushless direct current motor back electromotive force zero crossing point detection method | |
| CN111786602A (en) | Constant-speed control method for direct-current permanent magnet brush motor | |
| WO2024078595A1 (en) | Compensation system and method for zero-crossing voltage of back electromotive force of brushless direct current motor | |
| CN203289362U (en) | Control device for brushless motor | |
| CN109347374B (en) | Novel brushless direct current motor sensorless control system and method | |
| CN110098777B (en) | Direct instantaneous torque control method for switched reluctance motor of full-bridge converter | |
| CN207069955U (en) | A kind of circuit for controlling motor | |
| CN202713217U (en) | Novel direct current motor rotating speed measurement and control system controlled by double single chip microcomputers | |
| CN102522932B (en) | Direct-current brushless motor system of air conditioner and method for controlling number of revolution thereof | |
| CN113422544A (en) | PWM modulation system for improving motor rotation speed fluctuation | |
| Sun et al. | Design of vector control system for brushless DC motor based on hall sensor | |
| CN114362610A (en) | Commutation control method for high-speed brushless direct current motor | |
| CN1770618A (en) | Electric vehicle brushless DC motor single-chip PWM control device with sensor | |
| CN110971157A (en) | Drive waveform design system of direct current brushless motor | |
| CN205754096U (en) | A kind of three phase electric machine controls device | |
| CN114337397B (en) | Control method of brushless motor adopting high-frequency signal injection method | |
| WO2024051227A1 (en) | Control method and apparatus, and storage medium | |
| CN110445429B (en) | Position-sensorless starting control method for switched reluctance motor | |
| CN215897620U (en) | Single-phase brushless motor drive circuit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 213000 No. 21 Chuangsheng Road, Luoyang Town, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Changzhou Jiusheng welding and cutting equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 213100 No. 397, Changhong East Road, Yaoguan Town, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Changzhou Jiusheng welding and cutting equipment Co.,Ltd. |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201016 |